哈利特,比徹,斯托課件

HarrietBeecherStowe

哈麗特?比徹?斯托

8233HarrietBeecherStowe

哈麗特?比徹?斯托ItissaidthatPresidentLincolnmetStoweduringtheCivilWarandsaidtoher,"Soyouarethelittlewomanwhowrotethebookthatmadethisbigwar."

AndshehasbeenanaudienceofQueenVictoriaandPrinceAlbert.HarrietBeecherStowe

哈麗特?比徹?斯托LifeInfluence&WorkUncleTom'sCabincareerHarrietBeecherStowe

Whenshewaselevenyearsold,sheenteredHartfordFemaleSeminary,Atthattime,HartfordFemaleSeminarywasoneofonlyahandfulofschoolsthattooktheeducationofgirlsseriously.inHartfordshecameintocontactwithslavesandlearnedaboutlifeintheSouth.latersettledinMainewithherhusband.Theearlyyearsoftheirmarriageweremarkedbypoverty.Overthenext14yearsStowehad7children.

BcareerIn1834StowebeganherliterarycareerwhenshewonaprizecontestoftheWesternMonthlyMagazine.Stowe’swritingcareerspanned51years.Shepublished30books.Shedidthiswhileshewasbusyraisingsevenchildren.

BworksUncleTom'sCabin,1852《湯姆叔叔的小屋》AKeytoUncleTom'sCabin,1853《湯姆叔叔的小屋說明》Dred:ATaleoftheGreatDismalSwamp,1856《德雷德：陰暗大沼地的故事》TheMinister'sWooing,1859《牧師的求婚》ThePearlofOrr'sIsland,1862《奧爾島上的明珠》OldtownFolks,1869《老城的人們》BUncleTom'sCabinHelpedbuildanti-slaverysentimentinAmericaandabroad.ItbecameabestsellerintheUnitedStatesandEnglandandwentontosellthreehundredthousandcopiesthefirstyear.By1900ithadbeentranslatedintoforty-twolanguages.“She'snotonlythetoponeoftheworld-famouswomen.AtthecriticalmomentindeterminingthefateofAmericanpeopleinhistory,herinfluencegoesbeyondanyotherperson....And,ofcourse,theabolitionofslavesystemisnot,norcanbethethingsapersoncanresultintotheindustry,whichisthecauseofthecrowd.However,theimpactofUncleTom'scabinisthegreatestandmostfar-reaching."——

KirkMonroe柯克·門羅認(rèn)為：“她不僅在世界著名婦女中是出類拔萃、名列前茅的，而且在決定美國人民命運(yùn)的最關(guān)鍵的歷史時(shí)刻，她的影響超過其他的任何一個(gè)人?！?dāng)然，廢除奴隸制不是、也不可能是一個(gè)人能功成業(yè)就的事，它是眾人的事業(yè)，但是，《湯姆叔叔的小屋》所產(chǎn)生的影響是最偉大的，最深遠(yuǎn)的?！?/p>

M1Realism,naturalismandDarwinismDarwinismDarwinismbackground

DarwinistsbasetheirbeliefsontheoriesofevolutiondevelopedbyBritishnaturalistCharlesDarwin.Whatis(Social)Darwinism?Darwinismisabeliefthatsocietiesandindividualhumanbeingscompeteinastruggleforexistenceinwhichnaturalselectionresultsin“struggleofthefittest.”RealismRealismbackgroundaftertheCivilWarSubject

betakenfromeverydaylife,preferablyfromlower-classlife.pioneersofrealismWilliamDeanHowells,MarkTwain,andHenryJamesnaturalismnaturalismSubjectfromthelowerranksofsocietyandportrayedthepe