考研考博-英語-廣西演藝職業(yè)學院考試押題卷含答案詳解4

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-廣西演藝職業(yè)學院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.翻譯題

一九七八年，我們黨召開具有重大歷史意義的十一屆三中全會，開啟了改革開放歷史新時期。從那時以來，中國共產(chǎn)黨人和中國人民以一往無前的進取精神和波瀾壯闊的創(chuàng)新實踐，譜寫了中華民族自強不息、頑強奮進新的壯麗史詩，中國人民的面貌、社會主義中國的面貌、中國共產(chǎn)黨的面貌發(fā)生了歷史性變化。改革開放是黨在新的時代條件下帶領(lǐng)人民進行的新的偉大革命，目的就是要解放和發(fā)展社會生產(chǎn)力，實現(xiàn)國家現(xiàn)代化，讓中國人民富裕起來，振興偉大的中華民族。

【答案】In1978,ourPartyconvenedthethirdPlenarySessionofthe11thCentralCommitteeoftheCPCwithgreathistoricalsignificance,openinganewhistoricalperiodofreformandopeningup.Sincethen,theChineseCommunistsandtheChinesepeople,withtheirindomitablespiritofenterpriseandgreatinnovationandpractice,havewrittenanewepicofperseveranceandfortitudefortheChinesenation.HistoricchangeshavetakenplaceinthefaceoftheChinesepeople,socialistChinaandtheCommunistPartyofChina.ReformandopeningupisagreatnewrevolutionthatthePartyisleadingthepeopletocarryoutinthenewera.Itspurposeistoliberateanddeveloptheproductiveforces,modernizethecountry,enrichtheChinesepeopleandrevitalizethegreatChinesenation.

2.單選題

Withtherapidglobalizationofscienceitself(morethan40percentofscientificPh.D.studentstrainedintheUnitedStatesarenowforeignnationals,roughlyhalfofwhomreturntotheircountriesoforigin),theonceundisputedU.S.scientificlead,whetherrelevanttoproductleadornot,isdiminishing.

ThecompetitionofforeignstudentsforpositionsinU.S.graduateschoolshasalsocontributedtomakingscientifictrainingrelativelyunattractivetoU.S.students,becausetherapidlyincreasingsupplyofstudentshasdiminishedtherelativerewardsofthiscareerpath.Forthebestandbrightestfromlow-incomecountries,apositionasaresearchassistantintheUnitedStatesisattractive,whereasthebestandbrightestU.S.studentsmightnowseebetteroptionsinotherfields.Scienceandengineeringcareers,totheextentthattheyareopeninguptoforeigncompetition(whetherimportedoravailablethroughbettercommunication),alsoseemtobebecomingrelativelylessattractivetoU.S.students.

Withrespecttotheroleofuniversitiesintheinnovationprocess,the”speculativeboomofthe1990s(which,amongotherthings,madeitpossibletoconvertscientificfindingsintocashratherquickly)waslargelyunexpected.Theboombroughtuniversitiesandtheirfacultiesintomuchclosercontactwithprivatemarketsastheytriedtogainasmuchoftheeconomicdividendsfromtheirdiscoveriesaspossible.Forawhile,thepathbetweendiscoveriesinbasicscienceandnewflowsofhardcashwasconsiderablyshortened.Butduringthenextfewdecades,thispathlikelywillreverttowarditsmoretraditionallengthandreestablish,inahealthyway,themoretraditional(andmoreindependent)relationshipbetweenthebasicresearchdoneatuniversitiesandthoseentitiesthattranslateideasintoproductsandservices.

Intheinterveningyears,anothernewforcealsogreatlyfacilitatedglobalization:therapidgrowthoftheInternetandcheapwide-bandwidthinternationalcommunication.Today,complexdesignactivitiescantakeplaceinlocationsquiteremovedfrommanufacturing,otherbusinessfunctions,andtheconsumer.Indeed,thereisnowampleopportunityforreal-timecommunicationbetweenbusinessfunctionsthatarequiteindependentoftheirspecificlocations.Forexample,softwaredevelopment,withallitschangesandcomplications,cantoaconsiderableextentbedoneoverseasforaU.S.customer.Foreigncallcenterscanrespondinstantlytoquestionsfromthousandsofmilesaway.Theresultisthatlow-wageworkersintheFarEastandinsomeothercountriesarecomingintoevermoredirectcompetitionwithamuchwiderspectrumofU.S.labor:unskilledinthecaseofcallcenters;morehighlyskilledinthecaseofprogrammers.

1.Therapidglobalizationofscience

（

）.

2.Accordingtothistext（

）.

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat

（

）.

4.Allofthefollowingmighthavecontributedtoglobalizationexcept

（

）.

5.Thistextismainlyabout（

）.

問題1選項

A.hasledtotherapidgrowthoftheInternet

B.hasdiminishedtherelativerewardsofscienceandengineeringcareers

C.hasresultedinthefiercecompetitionofscientifictrainingintheUS

D.hascontributedtothediminishofU.S.scientificleadership

問題2選項

A.thecareersunattractivetoU.S.studentsmaynotbesotoforeignstudents

B.scienceandengineeringcareersareunattractiveexclusivelytoU.S.students

C.U.S.studentsarenotcourageousenoughtofaceforeigncompetition

D.U.S.studentsarenotwellpreparedtocompetewithforeignstudents

問題3選項

A.scientistsrarelyexpecttomakemoneyfromtheirdiscoveriesinbasicscience

B.itwillbemucheasiertoconvertscientificfindingsintocashinthenearfuture

C.theboomofthe1990scouldbeconsideredsomewhatunhealthy

D.theboomofthe1990swilllastatleastforseveraldecades

問題4選項

A.theunprecedenteddevelopmentofInternet

B.theclosercontactofuniversitieswithprivatemarkets

C.real-timecommunicationbetweenbusinessfunctions

D.theprevalenceofwide-bandwidthinternationalcommunication

問題5選項

A.thescientificleadershipoftheU.S

B.theshortageofscientistsintheU.S

C.Therapidglobalizationofscience

D.Bettercommunicationandglobalization

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.文章第一段提到美國40%的博士生都是來自其他國家，而這些學生在美國接受完教育后選擇回到自己的祖國，因此，隨著科學本身的國際化，美國在科學界領(lǐng)域的地位正在下降（isdiminishing）。選項D符合題意。

2.文章第二段提到了美國本國的學生與國外留學生對工作選擇的期望不同：那些來自于低收入國家的學生會對一個研究助理的職位趨之若鶩，而本國的學生卻對此不感興趣，他們有更好的選擇(seebetteroptionsinotherfields)。選項A“對于美國本國學生沒有吸引力的工作，對外國學生卻有著吸引力”符合題意。

3.文章第三段前半部分提到90年代的投機性高漲（speculativeboom），這種高漲導致學校里的老師只想盡可能多的去獲得更多的經(jīng)濟利益(theboombroughtuniversitiesandtheirfacultiesintomuchclosercontactwithprivatemarketsastheytriedtogainasmuchoftheeconomicdividendsfromtheirdiscoveriesaspossible)，后半部分Butduringthenextfewdecades,thispathlikelywillreverttowarditsmoretraditionallengthandreestablish,inahealthyway,themoretraditional(andmoreindependent)relationshipbetweenthebasicresearchdoneatuniversitiesandthoseentitiesthattranslateideasintoproductsandservices提到接下來的幾十年，一種健康的方式在逆轉(zhuǎn)之前的道路，由此可推斷90年代的繁榮被認為是不健康的。選項C符合題意。

4.文章最后一段前半部分提到互網(wǎng)的誕生、廉價的款待網(wǎng)絡(luò)溝通方式（therapidgrowthoftheInternetandcheapwide-bandwidthinternationalcommunication）、不同地方的商業(yè)機構(gòu)的實時溝通都推動了全球化進程（real-timecommunicationbetweenbusinessfunctionsthatarequiteindependentoftheirspecificlocations），所以只有選項B沒有推動全球化，符合題意。

5.文章第一二段主要講述了由于留學生的增多，并且這些學生大都會選擇回自己的國家，從而導致美國在科學界的領(lǐng)先地位開始動搖，第三段講述了90年代那種不健康的高漲：很多學校的教師將科學與經(jīng)濟利益掛鉤，最后一段提到的全球化的原因跟導致的結(jié)果。所以文章主要在論述美國在科學界的領(lǐng)先地位與科學全球化的關(guān)系。選項A符合題意。

3.單選題

Questions5to8arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

問題1選項

A.Whenluckplaysarole.

B.Whetherpracticemakesperfect.

C.Whatdeterminessuccess.

D.Howimportantnaturaltalentis.

問題2選項

A.Itknocksatyourdooronlyonceinawhile.

B.Itmeansbeinggoodatseizingopportunities.

C.Itissomethingthatnoonecanpossiblycreate.

D.Itcomesnaturallyoutofone’sself-confidence.

問題3選項

A.Practiceisessentialtobecominggoodatsomething.

B.Oneshouldalwaysbereadytoseizeopportunities.

C.Onemusthavenaturaltalenttobesuccessful.

D.Luckrarelycontributestoaperson’ssuccess.

問題4選項

A.Peoplewholovewhattheydocarelittleaboutmoney.

B.Beingpassionateaboutworkcanmakeonewealthy.

C.Puttingtimeandeffortintofunthingsisprofitable.

D.Peopleinneedofmoneyworkhardautomatically.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:B

【解析】ConversationTwo

W:IhavemanyBusinessEnglishstudents.[5]WhenIteachtheclassroom,weoftenenduptalkingaboutthingslikesuccessandwhatleadstosuccess.Andit’sinterestingthatmanyofthemmentiontheelementofluck.

M:Right.

W:Luckisimportanttosuccess.Butsinceyou’veseenthatfantasticvideoontheTedtalk’swebsitebyRichardSt.John,hedoesn’tmentionluckatall.

M:Well,I’mafirmbelieverthatpeoplecanmaketheirownluck.Imeanwhatpeopleregardasluck,youcanactuallycreatetoadegree.

W:Sure.[6]Ithinkalotofwhatpeopleconsiderluckisattributedtohowyourespondtotheopportunitiesthatcomeyourway.

M:Yes,verygoodpoint.

W:[6]Seizingtheopportunities.Butwasthereanypointinthevideothatyouthoughtwasparticularlyinteresting?

M:Yes,actuallytherewas.Somethingveryimpressivetomeismanypeoplethinkthatluckisimportantandthatnaturaltalentissomethingyoumusthaveinordertobesuccessful.[7]Andinthevideowesaw,thepointaboutgettinggoodatsomethingisnotabouthavingsomenaturaltalent,it’sallaboutpractice,practice,practice...

W:Definitelyyeah.Naturaltalenthelpsinsomeway.Butattheendoftheday,youreallydoneedtoworkhardandgetreally,reallygoodatwhatyoudo.

M:Sure.

W:Ithoughtoneinterestingthinginthevideowastheideaofpassionbeingsoimportantandthatpeoplewhoreallylovewhattheydo.Ofcourseyou’regoingtowanttoworkharderandputthetimeandeffortintoit.[8]Andthefunnythingisthatifyoulovewhatyoudoandarereallypassionateaboutitandworkreallyhard,themoneykindofcomesautomatically.

5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?

【試題答案】C

【試題解析】題目問說話者主要在談?wù)撌裁?？錄音開頭，女士就提到她在教學課堂上經(jīng)常會討論“成功”這個話題以及什么因素導致了成功。由此可知C選項“什么決定了成功”正確。A選項“幸運什么時候發(fā)揮作用”，錄音只是提及幸運對于成功的作用，并沒有提及什么時候發(fā)揮作用，因此可排除；B選項“是否熟能生巧”和D選項“個人天賦如何重要”在錄音中雖有提及，但都不是說話人談?wù)摰闹饕獌?nèi)容，因此也可排除。

6.Whatisthewoman’sviewofluck?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】題目問女士是如何看待運氣的？錄音中，女士提到運氣對成功來說是很重要，但是否有運氣其實主要是看我們能否把握機會。B選項“運氣意味著善于把握機會”符合錄音原文，因此正確。A選項“幸運有時會自己找上門”和D選項“幸運自然來自于一個人的自信”在錄音中均沒有信息提及。C選項“幸運是任何人都不可能創(chuàng)造出來的”，錄音中，男士提到一定程度上幸運是需要我們自己創(chuàng)造的，女士對此表示認同，因此C選項錯誤。

7.WhatisthechiefpointtheTedtalk’svideomakes?

【試題答案】A

【試題解析】題目問Ted演講視頻的要點是什么？錄音中，男士提到，Ted演講視頻里強調(diào)一個人是否擅長做某事并不是取決于其個人天賦，而是要靠不斷地練習。因此A選項“要想擅長某件事，練習是必不可少的”正確。B選項“一個人應該隨時準備抓住機會”在錄音中是女士所提出的觀點，并不是Ted演講視頻的要點，因此不正確；C選項“一個人必須擁有天賦才能獲得成功”與Ted演講視頻里強調(diào)的內(nèi)容不符，因此可排除；D選項“運氣很難促進一個人的成功”錄音中女士提到，RichardSt.John在Ted演講網(wǎng)站上的精彩視頻，他一點都沒提到運氣。因此D選項也不正確。

8.WhatdoesthewomanthinkisthefunnythingintheTedtalk’svideo?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】題目問女士認為Ted演講視頻中最有趣的事情是什么？錄音最后，女士說她認為視頻演講內(nèi)容中有一點很有趣：若一個人喜歡他所做的事情，對所從事的工作抱有熱情，并努力做好工作，那金錢自然就會來。B選項中的passionateabout...為錄音原詞復現(xiàn)，wealthy對應錄音中的es。因此B選項“對工作的熱情可以使人富有”正確。A選項“熱愛工作的人不太關(guān)心金錢”；C選項“把時間與精力投放在有趣的事情上是有利可圖的”和D選項“需要錢的人會自動努力工作”均不正確。

4.單選題

Idon’treallyknowhowto（

）theproblem.

問題1選項

A.draw

B.deal

C.cope

D.tackle

【答案】D

【解析】根據(jù)句意可知這里指處理問題，選項A不符合句意；選項B和C后面都需要接介詞with，所以只有選項D正確。

5.翻譯題

英語現(xiàn)在是60多個國家使用的官方或半官方語言。他是書報出版、科學技術(shù)，廣告和通俗音樂、計算機信息存儲所使用的主要國際語言。今天有4億多以英語為母語，另外大約有4億人使用英語作為第二語言，至少還有5億人把英語作為外語使用。

【答案】Englishisnowtheofficialorhalf-officiallanguageinmorethan60countries.Itistheimportantinternationallanguageusedinpublication,scientifictechnology,advertising,popularmusicandstorageofcomputerinformation.Nowadays,morethan400,000,000peopleuseEnglishastheirmothertongue,whileanother400,000,000useitastheirsecondlanguage,with500,000,000peopleusingitasaforeignlanguage.

6.單選題

Thechairmanwasaskedtoresign,（

）totallyunfitforhispost.

問題1選項

A.havingconsidered

B.considering

C.tobeconsidered

D.beingconsidered

【答案】D

【解析】分析句子可知，逗號前后沒有連接詞，所以逗號后面不能是完整的句子，這里是分詞短語做狀語，前后為因果關(guān)系，所以選項C目的狀語可首先排除；再根據(jù)句意可知，這里表被動，所以選項D正確。句意：主席被要求辭職，因為他被認為完全不適合這個職位。

7.單選題

Thecorporationexpectsonly（）increasesinsalesnextyeardespiteayearlongefforttoreviveitsretailingbusiness.

問題1選項

A.modest

B.predictable

C.dynamic

D.expanding

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項modest“適度的，謙虛的”；B選項predictable“可預言的”；C選項dynamic“動態(tài)的，動力的，有活力的”；D選項expanding“擴大的，擴展的”。句意：盡管用過去一年的時間去努力恢復零售市場，但是公司僅僅期盼業(yè)績（）增長即可。題干中的despite表轉(zhuǎn)折，因此空格所填單詞應該與despite所引導的句子產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果相反，正常情況下，付出了努力必然期盼有回報，所以這里應填與increase意思相反的詞匯。因此A選項正確。

8.單選題

Thecloserelationshipbetweenpoetryandmusicscarcelyneedstobeargued.Bothareauralmodeswhichemployrhythm,rhyme,andpitchasmajordevices;tothesetheoneaddslinguisticmeaning,connotation,andvarioustraditionalfigures,andtheothercanadd,atleastintheory,alloftheseplusharmony,counterpoint（對位）,andorchestrationtechniques.InEnglishthetwoarecloselyboundhistorically.Anglo-Saxonheroicpoetryseemscertainlytohavebeenreadorchantedtoaharpist’s（豎琴師）accompaniment;theverbusedinBeowulfforsuchaperformance,theFinnepisode（逸事）,issingan,tosing,andthenoungyd,song.AmajorsourceofthelyrictraditioninEnglishpoetryisthesongsofthetroubadours.

ThedistancebetweenthegydinBeowulfandthesongsofLeonardCohenorBobDylanmayseemgreat,butisoneoftimeratherthanaesthetics.Thelyricpoemasaliteraryworkandthelyricsofapopularsongarebothstillessentiallythesamething:poetry.Whetherthetitleoftheworkbe"Gerontion,"or"YouAin'tNothin'.ButaHoundDog,"ourcriteriaforevaluatingtheworkmustremainthesame.

Themostimportantprerequisite（先決條件）forbothasignificantpoemandsignificantlyricsinapopularsongisthatthewriterbefaithfultohisownpersonalvisionortothevisionofthepoemheiswriting.Skillandcraftforwritingpoetryareindeednecessarybecausethesearetheonlymeansbywhichapoetcanpreservetheintegrityofthisvisioninthepoem.Apoetmustnot,eitherbecauseoflackofskillorbecauseofworshipofpopularity,wealth,orcriticalacclaim,gooutsideofhisownorhisownpoem’svision—onpainofwritingonlythederivative（派生物）orthetrivial.Historically,thewritersandsingersofthelyricsofpopularsongshaveseemedoftentobeincapableofpersonalvision,andtohaveconfusedbothoriginalityandmoralitywithaservile（奴性的）compliancetopopulartaste.

1.Accordingtothewriter,therelationshipbetweenpoetryandmusic（

）.

2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue,accordingtothetext?

3.Inthetext,theauthorfocuseson（

）.

問題1選項

A.isindisputableifyouanalyzehistory

B.isadebatabletopic

C.needstobeacknowledgedmorebypoets

D.canbemadebutinalimitedway

問題2選項

A.Thedifferencesbetweenpoetryandsonglyricshavebeenoverstated.

B.Songlyricsandpoetrymustbetreatedanalyticallyasthesame.

C.Thelyricsofasongarenotdifferentfromthelyricsofpoetry.

D.Itisthetimenottheaestheticsthatisdifferentinmostpoemsandsonglyrics.

問題3選項

A.thedifferencebetweengoodpoetryandsongsandmediocreones

B.thevariouswayssongsandpoemsaresimilar

C.theshared,mostimportantevaluationcriteriainsongwritingandpoetry

D.howtoevaluateapoemandasong’svaluefromalyricalstandpoint

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:C

【解析】1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞relationship定位到文章第一段，由Thecloserelationshipbetweenpoetryandmusicscarcelyneedstobeargued.InEnglishthetwoarecloselyboundhistorically（詩歌和音樂之間的密切關(guān)系幾乎不需要爭論。在英語中，兩者在歷史上有著密切的聯(lián)系）可知從歷史的角度來看，詩歌與音樂之間的關(guān)系是無可爭辯的，因此A選項符合題意。

2.推理判斷題。由文章第二段中的Thelyricpoemasaliteraryworkandthelyricsofapopularsongarebothstillessentiallythesamething:poetry.（作為文學作品的抒情詩和流行歌曲的抒情詩在本質(zhì)上仍然是一回事：詩歌）可知C選項“一首歌的歌詞和詩歌的歌詞沒有什么不同”符合題意。

3.推理判斷題。由文章第二段中的ourcriteriaforevaluatingtheworkmustremainthesame（我們對作品評價的標準必須保持一致）可知C選項“歌曲創(chuàng)作和詩歌中最重要的共同評價標準”符合題意。

9.單選題

Herhusbandisinterestedindesigningelectronic（

）.

問題1選項

A.management

B.safety

C.devices

D.routine

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。management“管理，經(jīng)營”；safety“安全”；device“設(shè)備”；routine“例行公事，常規(guī)”。electronicdevices“電子設(shè)備”。句意：她丈夫?qū)υO(shè)計電子設(shè)備感興趣。故C項符合題意。

10.單選題

Iboughtanalarmclockwitha(n)（）dial,whichcanbeseenclearlyinthedark.

問題1選項

A.supersonic

B.luminous

C.audible

D.amplified

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。supersonic“超音速的，超音波的”；luminous“發(fā)光的，明亮的”；audible“聽得見的”；amplified“放大的，擴充的”。句意：我買了一個帶有發(fā)光鐘面的鬧鐘，這樣在黑暗中也能看清時間了。由后半句句意可知B項符合題意。

11.翻譯題

Insomesocietiespeoplewantchildrenforwhatmightbecalledfamilialreasons:toextendthefamilylineorthefamilyname，topropitiatetheancestors;toenabletheproperfunctioningofreligiousritualsinvolvingthefamily.Suchreasonsmayseemthininthemodern,secularizedsocietybuttheyhavebeenandarepowerfulindeedinotherplaces.

Inaddition,oneclassoffamilyreasonssharesaborderwiththefollowingcategory,namely,havingchildreninordertomaintainorimproveamarriage:toholdthehusbandoroccupythewife;torepairorrejuvenatethemarriage;toincreasethenumberofchildrenontheassumptionthatfamilyhappinessliesthatway.Thepointisunderlinedbyitsconverse:insomesocietiesthefailuretobearchildren（ormales）isathreattothemarriageandareadycausefordivorce.

Beyondallthatistheprofoundsignificanceofchildrentotheveryinstitutionofthefamilyitself.Tomanypeople,husbandandwifealonedonotseemaproperfamily-theyneedchildrentoenrichthecircle,tovalidateitsfamilycharacter,togathertheredemptiveinfluenceofoffspring.Childrenneedthefamily,butthefamilyseemsalsotoneedchildren,asthesocialinstitutionuniquelyavailable,atleastinprinciple,forsecurity,comfort,assurance,anddirectioninachanging,oftenhostile,world.Tomostpeople,suchahomebase,in.theliteralsense,needsmorethanonepersonforsustenanceandingenerationalextension.

【答案】在某些社會中，人們希望擁有孩子是出于所謂的家庭原因:傳宗接代，光宗耀祖，討好祖輩;使包括家庭在內(nèi)的宗教儀式正常運作。這樣的理由在現(xiàn)代世俗化的社會中可能顯得蒼白無力，但在其他地方，它們曾經(jīng)是而且確實是強有力的。

此外，有一類家庭原因,即為了維持或改善婚姻而生孩子,與下列原因有共同的邊界。比如生孩子是為了穩(wěn)住丈夫或占有妻子;修復或恢復婚姻活力;增加孩子的數(shù)量是基于家庭幸福就在于此的假設(shè)。相反的情況更強調(diào)了這一點:在一些社會中，不能生育子女（或男性）是對婚姻的一種威脅，也是離婚的一個現(xiàn)成理由。

除此之外，兒童對家庭本身也具有深遠的意義。對許多人來說，夫妻二人并不是一個合適的家庭——他們需要孩子來豐富這個小圈子，來確認這個小圈子的家庭性質(zhì)，來獲得后代的救贖性影響。兒童需要家庭，但家庭似乎也需要兒童，家庭作為一個獨特的可用的社會機構(gòu)，至少在原則上，可以在一個變化中，往往是敵對的世界中獲得安全、舒適、保證和方向。對大多數(shù)人來說，這樣的一個大本營，從字面意義上講，需要不止一個人來維持和延續(xù)。

12.單選題

Oneoftherequirementsforafireisthatthematerial（）toitsburningtemperature.

問題1選項

A.beheated

B.isheated

C.wouldheated

D.toheated

【答案】A

【解析】考查虛擬語氣的用法。requirement為主語，所以后面應該使用虛擬語氣，后面的動詞形式是shoulddo，表示“要求······，其中should是可以省略的。Material與heat之間應該是被動語態(tài)，所以應該是shouldbeheated，其中should可以省略，所以選項A符合題意。

13.單選題

Peoplewholiveinsmalltownsoftenseemmorefriendlythanthosewholivingin（）populatedareas.

問題1選項

A.abundantly

B.intensely

C.densely

D.intensively

【答案】C

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項abundantly“豐富地，大量地”；B選項intensely“強烈地”；C選項densely“濃密地，密集地”；D選項intensively“集中地，廣泛地”。根據(jù)句中的關(guān)鍵詞“than”可知，前后形成對比。句意：住在小城鎮(zhèn)的人似乎比住在人口稠密地區(qū)的人更友好。人口稠密用“denselypopulated”，所以選項C正確。

14.單選題

Heavyfoghadcreatedanoptical（）thatmadetheoppositeshoreseemcloserthanitwas.

問題1選項

A.feature

B.property

C.illusion

D.phenomenon

【答案】C

【解析】feature特征；property性能，財產(chǎn)；illusion幻覺，錯覺；phenomenon現(xiàn)象。根據(jù)句意可知，這里指大霧讓人們產(chǎn)生了視覺上的幻覺。選項C符合語境。

15.單選題

Circustigers,althoughtheyhavebeentamed,can（）attacktheirtrainer.

問題1選項

A.unexpectedly

B.deliberately

C.reluctantly

D.subsequently

【答案】A

【解析】詞義辨折題。Unexpectedly意外地,

出乎意料地；deliberately故意地，謹慎地；reluctantly不情愿地,嫌惡地；subsequently隨后,

后來。句意：盡管馬戲團里的老虎已經(jīng)被馴服，卻能出人意料地攻擊它們的馴獸師。選項A符合句意。

16.單選題

Thefightcouldhavebeenavoidedifbothofyouhadbeenableto（

）youranger.

問題1選項

A.holdback

B.holdon

C.holdout

D.holdup

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。holdback“隱藏，退縮，抑制”；holdon“緊緊抓住，不掛斷電話”；holdout“堅持，伸出，提供”；holdup“舉起，阻擋”。句意：如果你們都能克制住自己的怒火，這場爭吵本來是可以避免的。A項符合題意。

17.單選題

Millionsofpeoplewere（）partiallyorwhollydestitute(貧窮)duringthecivilwar.

問題1選項

A.deprived

B.rendered

C.become

D.ruined

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A:deprive“剝奪”；B:render“使成為”；C:become“變成”；D:ruin“毀滅”。句意：戰(zhàn)爭期間，數(shù)以百萬計的人民都淪落到啼饑號寒或一貧如洗的地步。根據(jù)語境和句意可知B為正確答案。

18.單選題

Acloseanalogytostudydesignistheroughsketchmadebyanartistbeforebecommitshisvisiontocanvas.Thebroadoutlinesaredrawn,theproperperspectiveachieved,andthetotalimpactofthepicture-to-becanbepartiallyappreciatedinadvance.Soitiswiththedesignofresearch;itspecifiesinadvancethekindsofstatementsthatcanbemadeonthebasisofitsfindingsandfixtheperspectivesagainstwhichthesefindingsaretobeevaluated.

Onemajorpurposeofthisstudywastodemonstratewhetherornotthenewersocialresearchtechniquescouldhelpinbroadeninganddeepeningknowledgeconcerningjuveniledelinquency.Constructionofthedesignwasguidedbythisgoalofexploringnewmethodsintheanalysisofjuveniledelinquency.However,researchtechniquedevelopedinonecontentcannotbemechanicallytransferredtoanother.Anewapplicationofaresearchtechniquerequiressubstantialchangesanditistheseinnovativemodificationsthatthisstudyoffersasitscontribution.

Juveniledelinquencyhasbeenthesubjectofmanypreviousstudiesusingavarietyofresearchtechniques.Thisstudymakesanadditionalcontributionbyusingadesignspeciallyplannedtopermitacomparisonofseveralapproaches.Thedrawingupofthestudydesignprofitedgreatlyfromanextensivesurveyofpreviousresearchesoncrime,undertakenduringtheearlieststageoftheproject.Itwasfoundthatmoststudiescouldbeclassifiedasbelongingstudyandpersonalmotivationstudy.

Eachtypehasitscharacteristicdesignandmodeofinterpretationandeachhasproducedinformationofconsiderableimportance.Yetnoattemptwasmadeinanyofthestudiestointegrateoneormoreofthesethreedesigntypes.Itbecameapparentthatonofthemajorcontributionsapilotstudycouldmaketobothmethodandsubstantivefindingswouldbetobringallthreestudytypestogetherinonedesignforthepurposeofcorrelatingtheirfindingsandevaluatingtheirrelativeimportanceinproducingdataofusetothepractitioner.

1.Thephrase"theproject"（Paragraph3）refersto（）.

2.InParagraphOnetheauthordrawsananalogybetween（）.

3.Themajorcontributionofthisstudyisto（）.

4.Thesubjectunderdiscussioninthepassageisabout（）.

5.Threedesigntypesofpreviousresearchesare（）.

問題1選項

A.anextensiveresearchoncrime

B.afullexplorationofresearchdesigns

C.anelaborateinvestigationintonewtechniques

D.acomprehensiveresearchofjuveniledelinquency

問題2選項

A.aresearchandanartist

B.doingresearchanddrawingasketch

C.designingaresearchandmakingasketch

D.researchfindingandpicture’sperspectives

問題3選項

A.carryoutacomprehensiveanalysisofjuveniledelinquency

B.developanewresearchtechniqueeasilytransferredfromoneareatoanother

C.modifycreativelythepreviousresearchfindingofjuveniledelinquency

D.demonstratethesuccessfulapplicationofnewresearchtechniquesinanewarea

問題4選項

A.aresearchdesignconcerningjuveniledelinquency

B.applicationofanalogyinstudyingjuveniledelinquency

C.crimeandjuveniledelinquency

D.extensivesurveyofresearchersinjuveniledelinquency

問題5選項

A.interrelatedtoeachother

B.supplementarytoeachother

C.tobemodifiedconsiderably

D.tobeintegratedintoonedesign

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.判斷推理題。由第三段Thedrawingupofthestudydesignprofitedgreatlyfromanextensivesurveyofpreviousresearchesoncrime,undertakenduringtheearlieststageoftheproject.該研究設(shè)計的制定得益于項目早期對以往犯罪研究的廣泛調(diào)查?？芍@個項目早期就已經(jīng)對青少年犯罪進行了廣泛的研究。故D項正確。

2.判斷推理題。由第一段Acloseanalogytostudydesignistheroughsketchmadebyanartistbeforebecommitshisvisiontocanvas.學習設(shè)計的一個很好的類比就是藝術(shù)家在將他的視覺交付給畫布之前所畫的草圖。可知此句將做研究設(shè)計與藝術(shù)家畫草圖進行類比。故C項正確。

3.細節(jié)事實題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“contribution”可定位到第二段Anewapplicationofaresearchtechniquerequiressubstantialchangesanditistheseinnovativemodificationsthatthisstudyoffersasitscontribution.一項研究技術(shù)的新應用需要實質(zhì)性的變化，而本研究的貢獻正是這些創(chuàng)新的改進?？芍狢項“創(chuàng)造性地改進了以往關(guān)于青少年犯罪的研究成果?！闭_。

4.主旨大意題。文章開頭就表明了主題是關(guān)于研究設(shè)計的。再由第二段Onemajorpurposeofthisstudywastodemonstratewhetherornotthenewersocialresearchtechniquescouldhelpinbroadeninganddeepeningknowledgeconcerningjuveniledelinquency.這項研究的一個主要目的是證明新的社會研究技術(shù)是否能夠幫助拓寬和加深有關(guān)青少年犯罪的知識。故A項“關(guān)于青少年犯罪的研究設(shè)計”正確。

5.推理判斷題。由最后一段Yetnoattemptwasmadeinanyofthestudiestointegrateoneormoreofthesethreedesigntypes.Itbecameapparentthatonofthemajorcontributionsapilotstudycouldmaketobothmethodandsubstantivefindingswouldbetobringallthreestudytypestogetherinonedesignforthepurposeofcorrelatingtheirfindingsandevaluatingtheirrelativeimportanceinproducingdataofusetothepractitioner.然而，在任何研究中都沒有試圖將這三種設(shè)計類型中的一種或多種集成起來。很明顯,試點研究的一個主要的貢獻是方法和實質(zhì)性的結(jié)果將使三種類型的研究整合到一個設(shè)計中，從而將調(diào)查結(jié)果聯(lián)合起來，并評估這些調(diào)查結(jié)果在為實踐者提供數(shù)據(jù)中的相對重要性?？芍@三種類型的研究將被整合到一個設(shè)計中。故D項正確。

19.單選題

ThanksinnosmallparttoA1Goreandhisfilmproducers,theAmericanpubliciswakinguptotheseriousnessofglobalwarming.WhatisnotsowidelyappreciatedisthatunlesstheUSgovernmentactsurgentlyanddecisively,thisproblemcouldveryquicklygetverymuchworse.

ForreasonsbotheconomicandpoliticalcoalispoisedtobethefuelofchoiceinthecomingdecadesastheUSweansitselfoffforeignoil.CoalcombustiongenerateshalftheUS'selectricityandreleasesabout1.5billiontonsofcarbondioxideayear.Ifpresenttrendscontinue,thesefigureswillmorethandoubleby2050,muchtothedetrimentoftheworld'sclimate.Withoutanalternativefuel,theonlysolutionistocaptureandstorecarbondioxidefromburningcoal.

Overcomingtheengineeringobstaclesinthewayoflarge-scalesequestrationofcarbondioxidewillbehardenough,butthebiggerchallengeisoneofpoliticalwill.UScompaniesasyethavenoincentivetocapturecarbonemissions.Whilemovesatstateandcongressionallevelsarepushingintherightdirection,theambiguityintheadministration'spolicyiscounterproductive.

ItistimefortheUSgovernmenttoputapriceoncarbonemissionssoutilitiesthatinvestintechnologiestoreducecarbonemissionswillseetheireffortsrewarded.Suchamovewouldnotonlyreducetherisksassociatedwithglobalwarming,butalsogoalongwaytorestoringAmerica'sgreencredentials.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,whataddstotheseriousnessofglobalwarming?

2.Whichofthefollowingistrueabouttheobstaclesforeffectivelycapturingcarbonemissions?

3.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestasasolutiontotheproblem?

問題1選項

A.TheAmericanpublicwasignorantoftheproblem.

B.TheAmericangovernmentisdoingnothingtodealwiththeproblem.

C.TheUSwillchoosecoalasthemajorfuelwhichwillhavelargecarbonemissions.

D.Thereisnoalternativefuelotherthanforeignoilwhichhaslargecarbonemissions.

問題2選項

A.Theexistingtechnologyisonlyabletodealwithlarge-scalecarbonemissions.

B.Thecompaniesarenothighlymotivatedinadoptingnewtechnologies.

C.Thegovernmentpolicyforusingcoalandoiliscounterproductive.

D.Thecompaniesfeelreluctanttobeinvolvedinpoliticalissues.

問題3選項

A.Thegovernm