考研考博-英語-四川大學(xué)錦江學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-四川大學(xué)錦江學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

Nooneis（

）aboutStephens;heinspireseitheruncriticaladulationorprofoundantipathyinthosewhoworkforhim.

問題1選項

A.neutral

B.infuriated

C.anxiety

D.consternation

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項neutral“中立的”；B選項infuriated“激怒的；狂怒的”；C選項anxiety“焦慮；掛念”；D選項consternation“驚恐；驚慌失措”。句意：沒有人······斯蒂芬斯;在為他工作的人中間，他要么受到不加批判的奉承，要么引起深深的反感?！胺畛小焙汀胺锤小笨烧J(rèn)為是兩個極端，因此從情感色彩上來說，沒有人對斯蒂芬持有“中立”的態(tài)度，A選項正確。

2.單選題

Inthe1970s,SaudiArabiaandotheroil-richstates

vastsumsofmoneythroughthesaleofoil.

問題1選項

A.assembled

B.accommodated

C.accumulated

D.appreciated

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。assembled“裝配，組合”；accommodated“安排，為……提供住宿”；accumulated“積累”；appreciated“欣賞”。句意：上世紀(jì)70年代，沙特阿拉伯和其他富油國家通過出售石油獲得了巨額財富。選項C符合題意。

3.單選題

Newtechnologylinkstheworldasneverbefore.Ourplanethasshrunk.It'snowa"globalvillage"wherecountriesareonlysecondsawaybyfaxorphoneorsatellitelink.And,ofcourse,ourabilitytobenefitfromthishigh-techcommunicationsequipmentisgreatlyenhancedbyforeignlanguageskills

Deeplyinvolvedwiththisnewtechnologyisabreedofmodernbusinesspeoplewhohaveagrowingrespectfortheeconomicvalueofdoingbusinessabroad.Inmodernmarkets,successoverseasoftenhelpsupportdomesticbusinessefforts.

Overseasassignmentsarebecomingincreasinglyimportanttoadvancementwithinexecutiveranks.Theexecutivestationedinanothercountrynolongerneedfearbeing"outofsightandoutofmind."Heorshecanbesurethattheoverseaseffortiscentraltothecompany'splanforsuccess,andthatpromotionsoftenfolloworaccompanyanassignmentabroad.Ifanemployeecansucceedinadifficultassignmentoverseas,superiorswillhavegreaterconfidenceinhisorherabilitytocopebackintheUnitedSateswherecross-culturalconsiderationsandforeignlanguageissuesarebecomingmoreandmoreprevalent.

Thankstoavarietyofrelativelyinexpensivecommunicationsdeviceswithbusinessapplications,evensmallbusinessesintheUnitedStatesareabletogetintointernationalmarkets.

Englishisstilltheinternationallanguageofbusiness.Butthereisanever-growingneedforpeoplewhocanspeakanotherlanguage.Asecondlanguageisn'tgenerallyrequiredtogetajobinbusiness,buthavinglanguageskillsgivesacandidatetheedgewhenotherqualificationsappeartobeequal.

Theemployeepostedabroadwhospeaksthecountry'sprincipallanguagehasanopportunitytofast-forwardcertainnegotiations,andcanhavetheculturalinsighttoknowwhenitisbettertomovemoreslowly.Theemployeeatthehomeofficewhocancommunicatewellwithforeignclientsoverthetelephoneorbyfaxmachineisanobviousassettothefirm.

1.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardhightechcommunicationsequipment?

2.Withtheincreaseduseofhigh-techcommunicationsequipment,businesspeople（）.

3.Inthispassage,"outofsightandoutofmind"(Lines2-3,Para.3)probablymeans（）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,whatisanimportantconsiderationofinternationalcorporationsinemployingpeopletoday?

5.Theadvantageofemployeeshavingforeignlanguageskillsisthattheycan（）.

問題1選項

A.Critical

B.Indifferent

C.Prejudiced

D.Positive

問題2選項

A.havetogetfamiliarwithmoderntechnology

B.aregainingmoreeconomicbenefitsfromdomesticoperations

C.areattachingmoreimportancetotheiroverseasbusiness

D.areeagertoworkoverseas

問題3選項

A.beingunabletothinkproperlyforlackofinsight

B.beingtotallyoutoftouchwithbusinessathome

C.missingopportunitiesforpromotionwhenabroad

D.leavingallcareandworthybehind

問題4選項

A.Connectionswithbusinessoverseas

B.Abilitytospeaktheclient'slanguage.

C.Technicalknowledge

D.Businessexperience

問題5選項

A.bettercontrolthewholenegotiationprocess

B.easilyfindnewapproachestomeetmarketneeds

C.fast-forwardtheirproposalstoheadquarters

D.easilymakefriendswithbusinesspeopleabroad

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.事實細(xì)節(jié)題。A項“批評的”，B項“漠視的，中立的”，C項“有偏見的”，D項“積極肯定的”。文章第一段提到“...ourabilitytobenefitfromthishigh-techcommunicationsequipmentisgreatlyenhancedbyforeignlanguageskills我們從這種高科技通信設(shè)備中獲益的能力因外語技能而大大提高”可知D項符合題意，故選D。

2.事實細(xì)節(jié)題。A項“必須熟悉現(xiàn)代技術(shù)”，B項“從國內(nèi)業(yè)務(wù)中獲得更多的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益”，C項“更重視他們的海外業(yè)務(wù)”，D項“渴望去海外工作”。文章第二段提到“Deeplyinvolvedwiththisnewtechnologyisabreedofmodernbusinesspeoplewhohaveagrowingrespectfortheeconomicvalueofdoingbusinessabroad.深入?yún)⑴c這項新技術(shù)的是一群現(xiàn)代商人，他們越來越重視跨國商業(yè)的經(jīng)濟(jì)價值”可知C項正確。

3.詞匯題。A項“因為缺乏洞察力而無法正確思考”；B項“與國內(nèi)業(yè)務(wù)完全脫節(jié)”；C項“在國外失去晉升的機(jī)會”，D項“完全置之度外”。文章第三段提到“Heorshecanbesurethattheoverseaseffortiscentraltothecompany'splanforsuccess,andthatpromotionsoftenfolloworaccompanyanassignmentabroad.他或她可以確定，海外業(yè)務(wù)是公司成功計劃的核心，外派往往意味著升職”是對"outofsightandoutofmind."的補(bǔ)充說明，選項C最符合題意，故選C。

4.判斷推理題。A項“與海外商業(yè)的聯(lián)系”，B項“能說駐國語”，C項“技術(shù)知識”，D項“商業(yè)經(jīng)驗”。最后一段提到“Theemployeepostedabroadwhospeaksthecountry'sprincipallanguagehasanopportunitytofast-forwardcertainnegotiations,andcanhavetheculturalinsighttoknowwhenitisbettertomovemoreslowly.外派員工能說駐國語，有機(jī)會快速推進(jìn)某些談判，并能有文化洞察力，知道何時更好地較慢行動”可知B項是“當(dāng)今國際公司在用人方面的一個重要考慮”，故選B。

5.事實細(xì)節(jié)題。A項“更好地控制整個談判過程”，B項“很容易找到新的方法來滿足市場需求”，C項“迅速向總部反饋他們的建議”，D項“容易與海外商人交朋友”。文章最后一段提到“Theemployeepostedabroadwhospeaksthecountry'sprincipallanguagehasanopportunitytofast-forwardcertainnegotiations,andcanhavetheculturalinsighttoknowwhenitisbettertomovemoreslowly.外派員工能說駐國語，有機(jī)會快速推進(jìn)某些談判，并能有文化洞察力，知道何時更好地較慢行動”，可知A項“更好地控制整個談判的進(jìn)程”正確。BCD三項在文中均未提及。

4.單選題

Oneoftherequirementsforthemasterdegreeisthatstudents（

）.

問題1選項

A.oughttopassoraldefense

B.passoraldefense

C.needpassoraldefense

D.aretopassoraldefense

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查語法結(jié)構(gòu)。如果句子主語是requirement,suggestion,advice,order等詞，后面的表語從句中要用到虛擬語氣：should+動詞原形的結(jié)構(gòu)。這里should可以省略，句意為，對于碩士學(xué)位的要求之一是：學(xué)生應(yīng)該通過論文答辯。分析四個選項，B最符合題意。

5.單選題

Paperclips,drawingpinsandsafetypins,were（

）alloverthefloor.

問題1選項

A.scattered

B.littered

C.sprayed

D.separated

【答案】A

【解析】句意:回形針，圖釘和安金扣針全都散落在地板上。

考查動詞辨析。四個選型都是對應(yīng)動詞的過去分詞形式表被動。Scatter使分散;litter把……弄得亂七八糟;spray噴灑;separate使分離。因此A符合句意。

6.單選題

Wehavehasamarvelousholiday.Onlythelasttwodayswereslightly（）byweather.

問題1選項

A.damaged

B.enhanced

C.spoiled

D.diminished

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項damage“損害”；B選項enhance“提高、增強(qiáng)”；C選項spoil“破壞、掠奪”；D選項diminish“減少、縮小”，句意為：我們度過了一個美好的假期。只有最后兩天因為天氣有點掃興。C選項符合句意。

7.單選題

An“obviousandstrikingfeatureofthelatetwentiethcenturyworld,”notesSallyPriceinherbookPrimitiveArtinCivilizedPlaces,istheaccessibilityofitsdiverseculturestothosewhoenjoymembershipinWesternsociety.”Westernerscantravelwithrelativeeasetoeventheremotestcomersofhumancivilizationorstayathomeandwatchexoticimagesofworlddiversityonthetelevisionandmoviescreen.Theworldmarketsystemassuresthosewhohavethefinancialresourcesthattheycanbuyjustaboutanythingfromanywhere.Heidegger,alsothinkingonthisphenomenon,says,“Yetthefranticabolitionofalldistancesbringsnonearness;fornearnessdoesnotconsistinshortnessofdistance.Whatisleastremotefromusinpointofdistance,byvirtueofitspictureonfilmoritssoundontheradio,canremainfarfromus.Whatisincalculablyfarfromusinpointofdistancecanbeneartous.”Westerntechnologyandthemarketeconomyareshrinkingtheworld,bringingtheWestclosertootherpeoples,andotherpreviouslyaccessibleregionsoftheearth.YetthisdramaticglobalchangehasnotopenedtheWesttodifference,eitherthenonhumandifferencesoftheearthortheculturaldifferencesofnonwesternpeoples.Onthecontrary,theexpansionoftheWestandtheresultant“smallworld”isstill,asincolonialdays,primarilyamovementofdomination.Itdependsontheexploitationofthelandandorganiclife,andtheexploitationofthelaborandlivesofthemajorityoftheearth’speoples.Becausetheoppressionsoftheearth,ofwomen,andofthosewhodonotbelongto“theabstractdominantnon-group”calledwhitesareintimatelyrelatedandreinforceoneanother,caringforwomenandfortheearthcannotbeseparatedfromcaringfordiversehumancommunities.

Westerneconomicdevelopment,VandanaShivaexplains,issupposedtobeamodelofprogressfortheso-calledThirdWorldthatwouldimproveproductivityandgrowth.However,westerndevelopment,ascapitalaccumulationandcommercializationoftheeconomyforthegenerationofsurplusandvariousandasnaturalresourceutilization,emergedinthecontextofcolonization,industrialization,andcapitalistgrowth.Thisnotionofeconomicdevelopmenthasbeenfalselyuniversalizedandapplied,withdisastrousresults,totheentirelydifferentcontexttoattemptingtosatisfybasicneedsofnewlyindependentworldpeoples.Westernso-calleddevelopmentinThirdWorldcountrieshasgeneratedprofitofvariousmultinationalcorporations,createdinternalcolonialism,underminedsustainablelifestyles,destroyedlocalecologiesandhas,asaresult,createdtruematerialproperty.

Fromawesternperspective,ifapeopledonotanticipateinthemarketeconomyanddonotconsumewestern-stylecommoditiesproducedforanddistributedthroughthemarket,theyareregardedaslivinginpoverty.Because,moreover,fromawesternperspective,productionanddevelopmenttakeplaceonlywhenmediatedbytechnologiesforcommodityproductionandprofit,suchpeoplesareconsideredunderdevelopedandunproductive.However,formostindigenouspeoples,forexample,maintaininganecologicallybalancedconnectiontotheirlandismuchmoreessentialtotheirbeingandculturethantheland’smonetaryvalueanditssocallednaturalresources.

1.What’sHeidegger’scommenton“nearness”inpassage1?

2.Theattitudeofwesternerstoculturaloruncultureddifferenceinotherpeoplesisthatof.

3.WhatisVandanaShiva’sviewaboutwesterneconomicdevelopment?

4.Theunderlinedword“indigenous”inthelastparagraphmeans（）.

問題1選項

A.Itisdistance-oriented.

B.Itisvisualoratleastauditory.

C.Itisaphenomenonofglobalization.

D.Itisnotageographicalconcept.

問題2選項

A.rejection

B.open-mindedness

C.detest

D.appreciation

問題3選項

A.Itshouldbeamodelofprogressforallthedevelopedcountries.

B.It.wouldbebalancingprofitandproductioninanecologicalway.

C.ItmaynotbeadaptabletotheThirdWorldcountries.

D.Itcouldbeadisasterforpeopleinthemarketeconomy.

問題4選項

A.intelligent

B.local

C.diligent

D.bewildered

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:B

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段Heidegger的描述:瘋狂地消除一切距離并不能帶來接近;因為接近并不等于距離近。就距離而言,最不遙遠(yuǎn)的東西,憑借它在膠片上的影像或在收音機(jī)里的聲音,可以離我們很遠(yuǎn);距離我們遠(yuǎn)得無法計算的東西,可能就在我們身邊。也就是說,接近它不是一個地理概念,無法用距離衡量。所以選項D符合原文。

2.根據(jù)第一段“YetthisdramaticglobalchangehasnotopenedtheWesttodifference,eitherthenonhumandifferencesoftheearthortheculturaldifferencesofnonwesternpeoples.”這一激動人心的全球變化并沒有讓西方世界接受這一差異,無論是地球上的非人類差異,還是非西方民族的文化差異。也就是說,西方人的態(tài)度是拒絕的。選項A正確。

3.根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第二句“Thisnotionofeconomicdevelopmenthasbeenfalselyuniversalizedandapplied,withdisastrousresults,totheentirelydifferentcontexttoattemptingtosatisfybasicneedsofnewlyindependentworldpeoples.”這種經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的概念被錯誤地普及和運(yùn)用到完全不同的環(huán)境中,試圖滿足獨立世界人民的基本需要,以致于造成了災(zāi)難性的后果。選項D符合原文。

4.根據(jù)上文連續(xù)提及兩次“fromawesternperspective”以及轉(zhuǎn)折詞“However”可知,前面均是西方人的看法,再根據(jù)上下文內(nèi)容可推測“indigenouspeoples”指的是當(dāng)?shù)氐娜?土著人。選項B正確。

8.單選題

ThekeywordsFranciswroteonthebackofanoldletter,“TheStarSpangledBanner''becamethenational（）oftheUnitedStates.

問題1選項

A.song

B.hymn

C.anthem

D.motto

【答案】A

【解析】句意:弗朗西斯在一封舊信的背面寫下的關(guān)鍵詞“星條旗之歌”后來成為了美國的國歌。

考查名詞辨析。song歌曲;hymn贊美詩;anthem圣歌，頌歌；motto座右銘。四個選項中，A符合句意。

9.單選題

Thechairmanoftheboard________onmetheunpleasantjobofdismissinggoodworkersthefirmcannolongeraffordtoemploy.

問題1選項

A.compelled

B.posed

C.pressed

D.tempted

【答案】C

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項“迫使，強(qiáng)迫”；B選項“形成，擺姿勢”；C選項“壓迫”；D選項“引誘，吸引”。句意：董事會主席（）我干一件不愉快的工作，就是解雇公司負(fù)擔(dān)不起的優(yōu)秀員工。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞unpleasantjob，這里選擇“強(qiáng)迫”更加符合語境，可以排除B，D；compel一般和to搭配，而且后面接的賓語一般指人，指物的話需要用被動語態(tài)。presssthonsb“勉強(qiáng)某人接受”，這句話中press后面接的賓語過長，放在句子中間會造成頭重腳輕，所以把賓語后置了。

10.翻譯題

鐵棒成針李白是中國唐朝的一位大詩人。

傳說，他小時候很貪玩，怕困難，讀書進(jìn)步很慢。

有一天，李白放學(xué)回家，路過一條小河邊，看見一位老婆婆正在磨一根很粗很粗的鐵棒。他覺得很奇怪，就走到老婆婆跟前問：

“老婆婆，您磨這根鐵棒干什么?”

老婆婆說：“磨成針?！?/p>

這時候，李白更覺得奇怪了，又問：

“這么粗的鐵棒，您怎么能磨成針呢?”

老婆婆告訴他說：

“能，一定能！只要功夫深，鐵棒就能磨成針?！?/p>

李白聽了老婆婆的話，心里忽然明白了。

從此，李白刻苦讀書，進(jìn)步很快。后來，他終于成了一位有名的詩人。

TranslatethefollowingparagraphsintoEnglish

【答案】

GrindIronRodIntoNeedle11.單選題

Despitetheirgoodservice,mostinnsarelesscostlythanhotelsof______standards.

問題1選項

A.equivalent

B.alike

C.uniform

D.likely

【答案】A

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.equivalent（價值、數(shù)量、意義、重要性等）相等的，相同的B.alike相像；十分相似

C.uniform一致的；統(tǒng)一的D.likely可能的；預(yù)料的

【考查點】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)句子可知，mostinnsarelesscostlythanhotels（大多數(shù)小旅館比酒店便宜）用到了比較級，而比較通常是在同等的條件下進(jìn)行，所以空格處應(yīng)該表示“相同的”，該題選擇A項符合句意。

【干擾項排除】B、C、D項不符合句意。

【句意】盡管他們的服務(wù)很好，大多數(shù)小旅館比同等標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的酒店便宜。

12.單選題

Manystudentsfind（

）jobsduringtheirsummerholidays.

問題1選項

A.contemptible

B.temperate

C.temporary

D.contemporary

【答案】C

【解析】contemptible卑劣的，可輕視的；temperate溫和的，適度的；temporary暫時的，臨時的；contemporary當(dāng)代的,同時代的。根據(jù)句意可知，這里指臨時的工作，選項C符合句意。

13.單選題

Ialwayslefthomeforschoolearlierinthemorning______trafficjam.

問題1選項

A.inlinewith

B.forthesakeof

C.incaseof

D.attheriskof

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項inlinewith“與……一致”；B選項forthesakeof“為了”；C選項incaseof“以防萬一”；D選項attheriskof“冒著……的危險”。句意：我總是在早上較早離開家去上學(xué)______交通堵塞。根據(jù)語境，這里指早點出門是為了不想堵車，C選項incaseof“以防萬一”符合題意。因此C選項正確。

14.單選題

Recently,theUnitedStatesFishandwildlifeServiceannounceditwoulddesignate“criticalhabitat”fortheendangeredjaguarintheUnitedStatesandtakethefirststepstowardcommandingajaguarrecoveryplan.Thisisapolicyreversal(therewaspreciousdecisionfromthemnottodeterminecriticalhabitatforthejaguar)and,onthesurface,itmayappeartobeavictoryfortheconservationcommunityandforjaguars,thelargestwildcatsintheWesternHemisphere.Butassomeonewhohasstudiedjaguarsfornearlythreedecades,Icantellyouitisnothinglessthanaslapinthefacetogoodscience.

DesignatingjaguarhabitatmeansthatFishandWildlifemustnowalsoformulatearecoveryplanforthejaguar.Butjaguarshavenotbeenabletoreestablishthemselvesnaturallyoverthepastcentury,thegovernmentwilllikelyhavetogotosignificantexpensetoattempttobringthemback—especiallyifthecatshavetobereintroduced.

Sowhynotdoeverythingwecanatwhatevercost,tobringjaguarsbackintotheUnitedStates?Tobeginwith,theAmericanSouthwestis,atbest,marginalhabitatfortheanimals.Moreimportantly,therearebetterwaystohelpjaguars.Southofourborder,fromMexicotoArgentina,thousandsofjaguarsliveandbreedintheirtruecriticalhabitat.GovernmentsandconservationgroupsarealreadyworkinghardtoconservejaguarpopulationsandconnectthemtooneanotherthroughaninitiativecalledtheJaguarCorridor.

ThejaguarsthatnowandthencrossintotheUnitedStatesmostlikelycomefromthenorthernmostpopulationofjaguars,inSonora,Mexico.Ratherthandemandjaguarsreturntoourcountry,weshouldhelpMexicoandotherjaguar-rangecountriesconservetheanimals’truehabitat.

TherecentmovebytheFishandwildlifeServicemeansthatthesparsefederalfundsdevotedtoprotectingwildanimalswillbewastedoneffortsthatcannothelpsavejaguars.Mostimportant,thisalsostandstoweakentheEndangeredSpeciesAct,becauseifcriticalhabitatisredefinedasanyplacewhereaspeciesmighteverhaveexisted,andwhereyouorImightwantittoexistagain,thenthedoorisopenformanyothersenselesseffortstobringbacklong-lostcreatures.

TheFishandWildlifeofficialswhosejobistoprotectthecountry’swildanimalsneedtogrowastrongerbackbone—stickwiththeiroriginal,correctdecisionandsavetheirmoneyformoreusefulpreservationwork.Otherwise,whenfundsareneededtopreserveallthosesmall,ugly,non-attractiveendangeredspeciesatthebackoftheline,theremaybenomoneyleft.

6.Whatcanweinferfromthefirstparagraph?

7.Toachievejaguarrecovery,authoritiesprobablyneedto（）.

8.Accordingtotheauthor,whatmeasuresshouldwetaketokeepjaguar’snumber?

9.WhatdoestheauthorconcernmostabouttheFishandWildlifeService’snewdecision?

10.Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthattheFishandWildlifeService（）.

問題1選項

A.Designatingcriticalhabitatisavictoryfortheconservationcommunity.

B.Thecriticalhabitatdesignationdoesnotfollowthelawofscience.

C.Todesignatecriticalhabitatisthefirststepofajaguarrecoveryplan.

D.Thecriticalhabitatdesignationshowsthepolicyreversalofanimalprotection.

問題2選項

A.startanewinitiativetoconservejaguar’spopulation

B.raisethenumberofjaguar’scriticalhabitat

C.investasubstantialamountofmoney

D.reversetheiroriginalpolicyofjaguar

問題3選項

A.ToreintroducejaguarsintoAmerica.

B.Toprotectjaguar’struehabitat.

C.ToconstructmorenewhabitatinAmerica.

D.Toinvestmorefederalfundsforjaguars.

問題4選項

A.Thegovernment’sjaguarprotectioneffortsmaybewasted

B.Wemaylosejaguar’struehabitatcompletelyinAmerica.

C.Thismayincurappealstoreintroduceotherlong-lastanimals.

D.Thedefinitionofcriticalhabitatmayhavetoberewritten.

問題5選項

A.failedtoinsistontheircorrectdecision

B.mainlyfocusesonjaguar’sconservation

C.hasformulatedaplanforjaguar’sreintroduction

D.spendsmoremoneytopreservejaguarthanithas

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】6.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到第一段Butassomeonewhohasstudiedjaguarsfornearlythreedecades,Icantellyouitisnothinglessthanaslapinthefacetogoodscience.（但是作為一個研究了近三十年的美洲虎的人，我可以告訴你，這不過是對好科學(xué)的一記耳光。）前面作者說到，“表面上是一個勝利”，而后一句就否定了，因此在作者看來他是不支持這個新棲息地指定的，因此B選項“關(guān)鍵棲息地的指定并不遵循科學(xué)規(guī)律”正確。A選項“指定關(guān)鍵棲息地是保護(hù)團(tuán)體的勝利”，作者認(rèn)為這只是表面的；C選項“確定關(guān)鍵棲息地是美洲豹恢復(fù)計劃的第一步”，作者沒有說明；D選項“關(guān)鍵棲息地的確定表明了動物保護(hù)政策的逆轉(zhuǎn)”，這是作者的反諷。

7.判斷推理題。在第三段中Moreimportantly,therearebetterwaystohelpjaguars.Southofourborder...connectthemtooneanotherthroughaninitiativecalledtheJaguarCorridor.（更重要的是，有更好的方法來幫助美洲虎。從墨西哥到阿根廷，我們邊界以南，成千上萬的美洲虎生活在它們真正重要的棲息地，它們生活和繁殖。各國政府和保護(hù)組織已經(jīng)在努力保護(hù)美洲虎種群，并通過一項名為“捷豹走廊”的倡議，將它們相互聯(lián)系起來。）以及后面的weshouldhelpMexicoandotherjaguar-rangecountriesconservetheanimals’truehabitat.（我們應(yīng)該幫助墨西哥和其他美洲虎國家保護(hù)這些動物真正的棲息地，而不是要求美洲虎返回我國。）可以看出，在作者看來現(xiàn)在最關(guān)鍵的是這個政策并不對，因此D選項“改變他們原來對美洲虎的政策”正確。A選項“開始一項保護(hù)美洲虎種群的新計劃”，這個是正在做的，而不是作者的觀點；B選項“增加美洲虎的關(guān)鍵棲息地數(shù)量”，是作者所不同意的，作者認(rèn)為重點不是數(shù)量，而是找到真正適合它們居住的地方；C選項“投資一大筆錢”，這個是之后可能會需要的，而不是當(dāng)務(wù)之急。

8.判斷推理題。B選項“保護(hù)美洲虎真正的棲息地”在倒數(shù)第三段Ratherthandemandjaguarsreturntoourcountry,weshouldhelpMexicoandotherjaguar-rangecountriesconservetheanimals’truehabitat.（我們應(yīng)該幫助墨西哥和其他美洲虎國家保護(hù)這些動物真正的棲息地，而不是要求美洲虎返回我國。）因此B選項符合題意。A選項“將美洲虎重新引入美洲”在剛剛這句話中已經(jīng)否定了，Ratherthandemandjaguarsreturntoourcountry（而不是要求美洲虎返回我國）；因此C選項在“美國建造更多的新棲息地”，也是不正確的；D選項“為美洲虎投入更多的聯(lián)邦資金”，這個是有提到，但是并沒有說是現(xiàn)在Otherwise,whenfundsareneededtopreserveallthosesmall,ugly,non-attractiveendangeredspeciesatthebackoftheline,theremaybenomoneyleft.（否則，當(dāng)需要資金來保護(hù)排在后面的所有這些小的、丑陋的、不吸引人的瀕危物種時，可能就沒有錢了。）

9.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到倒數(shù)第二段Mostimportant,thisalsostandstoweakenthe...othersenselesseffortstobringbacklong-lostcreatures.（最重要的是，這也會削弱《瀕危物種法》，因為如果將關(guān)鍵棲息地重新定義為某個物種可能存在的任何地方，并且你或我可能希望它再次存在，那么，這扇門將為許多其他毫無意義的努力打開，以找回長期丟失的生物。）而在作者看來棲息地的定義非常重要，因為這就決定了美洲虎可以在什么地方被保護(hù)，因此他認(rèn)為這項新決定最大的影響就是改變了棲息地的定義，因此D選項“關(guān)鍵棲息地的定義可能必須重寫”正確。A選項“政府保護(hù)美洲虎的努力可能白費(fèi)了”，過于籠統(tǒng)；B選項“我們可能會在美國完全失去美洲虎真正的棲息地”，這不是作者的觀點；C選項“這可能招致重新引進(jìn)其他壽命較長的動物的呼吁”，無關(guān)項。

10.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到到最后一段第一句TheFishandWildlifeofficialswhosejobistoprotectthecountry’swildanimalsneedtogrowastrongerbackbone—stickwiththeiroriginal,correctdecisionandsavetheirmoneyformoreusefulpreservationwork.（負(fù)責(zé)保護(hù)國家野生動物的魚類和野生動物官員需要培養(yǎng)一個更強(qiáng)壯的骨干，堅持他們原來正確的決定，并為更有用的保護(hù)工作節(jié)省資金。）通過這句話我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，他們應(yīng)該是之前沒有能夠堅持正確的決定，因此A選項“未能堅持自己的正確決定”正確。B選項“主要關(guān)注美洲虎的保護(hù)”沒有體現(xiàn)；C選項“已經(jīng)為美洲虎的重新引入制定了計劃”，錯誤；D選項“花在保護(hù)美洲虎上的錢比實際的要多”，與文章正好相反。

15.單選題

Amajorreasonforconflictintheanimalworldisterritory.Themaleanimalestablishesanarea.Thesizeoftheareaissufficienttoprovidefoodforhim,hismateandtheiroffspring.Migratingbirds,forexample,usedupthebestterritoryintheorderof“firstcome,first（1）.”Thelatearrivalsmayacquire（2）territories,butlessfoodisavailable,ortheyaretooclosetothe（3）oftheenemiesofthespecies.（4）thereisreallyinsufficientfoodorthedangerisverygreat,theanimalwillnot（5）.Inthisway,themembersofthespecieswhicharelessfitwillnothaveoffspring.Whenthereisconflict（6）territory,animalswillcommonlyuseforce,orashowofforce,todecidewhichwillstayandwhichwillgo.Itisinterestingtonote,（7），thatanimalsseemtouseonlytheminimumamountofforce（8）todriveawaytheintruder.Thereisusuallynokilling.Inthecaseofthoseani?malswhicharecapableof（9）eachothergreatharm,（10）isasystemforthelosinganimaltoshowthewinninganimalthathewishestosubmit.Whenheshowsthis,thevictornormallystopsfighting.

問題1選項

A.use

B.serve

C.served

D.used

問題2選項

A.larger

B.better

C.smaller

D.worse

問題3選項

A.caves

B.nests

C.residences

D.habitats

問題4選項

A.Neither

B.If

C.Since

D.Because

問題5選項

A.breed

B.produce

C.mate

D.compete

問題6選項

A.for

B.over

C.with

D.by

問題7選項

A.moreover

B.henceforth

C.however

D.yet

問題8選項

A.compulsory

B.essential

C.necessary

D.vital

問題9選項

A.doing

B.made

C.given

D.sending

問題10選項

A.this

B.that

C.it

D.there

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:C

第6題:B

第7題:C

第8題:C

第9題:A

第10題:D

【解析】（1）考查上下文語義。根據(jù)上下文，遷徙的候鳥按先到先得的順序占用領(lǐng)地，所以firstcome,firstserve符合文章意思。選項C符合題意。

（2）考查上下文語義。根據(jù)下文“butlessfoodisavailable”，可以推斷這塊領(lǐng)土面積更大，但是食物較少，larger和less形成對比。選項A符合題意。

（3）名詞詞義辨析。cave“洞穴”；nest“鳥巢”；residence“人的住處”；habitat“動物柄息地”。根據(jù)文意，這些領(lǐng)地離敵對物種的棲息地較近。選項D符合題意。

（4）考查上下文語義，如果食物太少或者領(lǐng)地太危險，這些動物是不會交配的。選項B符合題意。

（5）考查上下文語義。根據(jù)下文“themembersofthespecieswhicharelessfitwillnothaveoffspring.”不那么容易適應(yīng)環(huán)境的物種就不會有后代，可推斷出談?wù)摰膭游锏慕慌鋯栴}。選項C符合題意。

（6）介詞辨析。根據(jù)上下文，如果在領(lǐng)土方面存在沖突，動物們通常會使用武力決定誰走誰留。選項B符合題意。

（7）考查上下文語義。根據(jù)上文“animalswillcommonlyuseforce”和下文“theminimumamountofforce”，可知動物用武力占據(jù)領(lǐng)地，用最少的武力趕走入侵者，所以前后形成對比，有轉(zhuǎn)折的關(guān)系。選項C符合題意。

（8）形容詞詞義辨析。compulsory“義務(wù)的”；essential“基本的，實質(zhì)的”；vital“重大的，至關(guān)重要的”；necessary“必要的”句意：動物往往在必要的時候用最小的武力來驅(qū)趕侵略者。選項C符合題意。

（9）考查固定搭配。dosb.harm/doharmtosb.對某人造成傷害，句意：對于那些能夠相互造成巨大傷害的動物，有一種方式，可以讓輸?shù)膭游锵蜈A的動物表明順從的意愿。選項A符合題意。

（10）考查語法知識。therebe為固定用法，表示“某地有某物”，選項D符合題意。

16.單選題

Thecomputerdoesn't（）humanthought;itreachesthesameendsbydifferentmeans.

問題1選項

A.flunk

B.renew

C.succumb

D.mimic

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。flunk“失敗，放棄，考試不及格”；renew“使更新，使復(fù)原，使恢復(fù)”；succumb“屈服，屈從，死”；mimic“模仿”。句意：計算機(jī)沒有模仿人類思維；它依靠不同的方法達(dá)到同樣的效果。選項D符合題意。

17.單選題

Theautomobile'sexhaustsystem（

）foul-smellingfumes.

問題1選項

A.Attracted

B.condensed

C.absorbed

D.emitted

【答案】D

【解析】attract吸引，引起；condense濃縮，凝結(jié)；absorb吸收，使……全神貫注；emit發(fā)出，排放，放射。句意：汽車的排氣系統(tǒng)排放出難聞的廢氣。選項D符合句意。

18.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingshortparagraphsinfoEnglish

花些力氣教會孩子們良好的花錢習(xí)慣是非常值得的，因其帶來的好處是使他們受益一生的。沒有受過這些金錢教育的孩子們將一輩子為此付出代價。有些：父母不和子女談?wù)摻疱X，因為他們覺得不應(yīng)該和小孩子談?wù)摻疱X，覺得沒有時間，或者是認(rèn)為他們沒有足夠的錢。作為父母，不論他們的收入如何都應(yīng)該花時間教導(dǎo)子女有關(guān)錢的問題。大部分人對金錢所持有的固有的感受和看法都是基于兒時的經(jīng)歷以及家庭的價值觀和信念。多數(shù)情況下，每個父母的這些經(jīng)歷、價值觀和信念都是不同的。父母談?wù)撨@些感受和看法并建立起一條前后一致的：樹立子女金錢觀的途徑對于孩子的健康成長非常重要。

【答案】It’sworthyoftakingefforttoteachchildrengoodhabitofspending,whichwillbebenefitfortheirwholelife.Thosechildrenwhoarenottaughttheselessonswillpaytheconsequencesforalife-time.Someparentsdon’tteachtheirchildrenaboutmoneybecausetheythinktheyshouldn’ttalkaboutmoneywithchildrenandtheydon’thavetime,ortheythinktheydon’thaveenoughmoney.Asparents,theyshouldteachchildrenaboutmoneyregardlessoftheirincome.Mostpeople‘sfeelingandopinionsaboutmoneyarebasedonchildhoodexperiencesandthevalueandbeliefsoftheirfamilies.Inmostcases,everyparenthasdifferentexperiences,valuesandbeliefs.Itisveryimportantforthehealthydevelopmentofchildrenthatparentstalkaboutthesefeelingsandopinionsandestablishaconsistentapproachtoteachtheirchildrenaboutmoney.

19.單選題

Justabout40%ofemployeesandmanagersinaNorthAmericansurveysaidtheyknowhowtheycanincreasetheirbasepayorcashbonuses.Theresultssuggestemployerslosemuchofthevalueofthepayraisesandbonusestheydistributebynotcommunicatingeffectively.“Manyemployeesandmanagerssimplydon’tunderstandwhytheygetpaidwhattheydo,”pointsoutRobHeneman,professorofmanagementandhumanresources,OhioStateUniversity,Columbus.“Businessescan’tgetagoodreturnoftheircompensationinvestmentifpeopledon’tunderstandhowtheirpayisdetermined.”

Thesurveyofmorethan6,000managersandemployeesin26organizationsintheU.S.andCanadashowedthatemployeesandmanagersfelttheiremployersdidagoodjobexplainingtheirperformanceobjectivesandthewaytheirperformanceismeasured.Theywereunclear,though,abouthowperformancewasrelatedtopay.Surprisingly,employeesreportedtheyknewmoreaboutstockoptionsattheircompaniesandhowtheyaredeterminedthanhowbasepayis.However,theresultsshowedthatbasepayknowledgeplaysalargerroleinoverallpaysatisfactionthandootherformsofcompensation,suchasbonuses.Employeeswhohadhigherlevelsofpayknowledgeshowedgreateroverallpaysatisfaction,which,inturn,waslinkedtohigherlevelsofretention(聘用)commitmenttothecompany,andeventrustinmanagement.Inotherwords,Henemanemphasizes,ensuringthatemployeesunderstandtheirpayisgoodforacompany’sbottomline.

Hefeelsthatcorporatecultureisoftenamajorproblemindealingwiththelackofpayknowledgeamongworkers.Inmanycompanies,itisconsideredtaboo—orevenexplicitlyforbidden—todiscussmattersdealingwithsalary.Inlieuof(代替)disclosingactualpayamountsofemployeestootherswithinthecompany,managementcanprovidemoreinformationaboutpaypracticesandpolicies,suchastheprocessusedtodeterminesalary,andtheaverageofraisesinaparticularyear.Workerswantmorethangeneralities;theywanttoknowhowpaypoliciesapplytotheirparticularsituation,Henemanpointsout.Thatoftenmeansmanagersneedtositdownwiththeiremployeesone-on-one.

1.WhatdoestheNorthAmericanSurveymainlysuggest?

2.Theemployersofmanycompaniesfailedto______.

3.Whichofthefollowingisthemostimportantfactorinoverallpaysatisfaction?

4.Theemployeeswhounderstandandaresatisfiedwiththeirpaywould______.