考研考博-英語(yǔ)-天津大學(xué)仁愛(ài)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解2

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-天津大學(xué)仁愛(ài)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Ityouweretobeginanewjobtomorrow,youwouldbringwithyousomebasicstrengthsandweaknesses.Successorfailure,inyouworkwoulddepend,to（1）greatextent,onyourabilitytouseyourstrengthsandweaknessestothebestadvantage.

（2）

theutmostimportanceisyouraltitude.Apersonwhobeginsajobconvincedthatheisn’tgoingtolikeitoris

（3）

thatheisgoingtoallailisexhibitingaweaknesswhichcanonlyhinderhissuccess.Ontheotherhand,apersonwhoissecureinhisbeliefthatheisprobablyascapableofdoingtheworkasanyoneelseandwhoiswillingtomakeacheerfulattempt

（4）

itpossessesacertainstrengthofpurpose.Thechancesarethathewilldowell.

（5）theprerequisiteskillsforaparticularjobisstrength.Lackingthoseskillsisobviouslyaweakness.Abookkeeperwhocan'tadd,oracarpenterwhocan'tcutastraightlinewithasaw

（6）

hopelesscases.Thisbookhasbeendesignedtohelpyoucapitalize

（7）

thestrengthandovercometheweaknessthatyoubringtothejoboflearning.Butingroupstomeasureyourdevelopment,youmustfirst

（8）

stockofsomewhereyourstandnow.Aswegetfurtheralongmthebook,we'llbe

（9）

with,specificprocessesfordevelopingandstrengtheninglearningskills.However,tobeginwith,youshouldpausetoexamineyourpresentstrengthsandweaknessesinthreeareasthatarecriticaltoyoursuccessorfailureinschool;your

（10）

,yourreadingandcommunicationskills,and.yourstudyhabits.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.a

B.the

C.some

D.certain

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Outof

B.Of

C.To

D.Into

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.ensure

B.certain

C.sure

D.surely

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.near

B.on

C.by

D.at

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Have

B.Had

C.Having

D.Hadbeen

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.being

B.been

C.are

D.is

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.except

B.but

C.for

D.on

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.make

B.take

C.do

D.give

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.deal

B.dealt

C.bedealt

D.dealing

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.intelligence

B.work

C.attitude

D.weakness

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:C

第6題:D

第7題:D

第8題:B

第9題:D

第10題:C

【解析】（1）考查固定搭配。toagreatextent為固定搭配，意為“很大程度上，非常”。

（2）of與名詞連用，表示具有某種性質(zhì)，狀態(tài)，位于句首，表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。正常語(yǔ)序?yàn)椋篩ourattitudeisoftheutmostimportance.（beof+名詞）

（3）考查固定搭配。or后面省略了主語(yǔ)he，besurethat后面加從句，此處表示“或肯定不適應(yīng)這項(xiàng)工作”。

（4）考查固定搭配。attempt用作名詞時(shí)，意為“努力，嘗試，試圖”。makeanattemptonsth.“試圖奪取”，makeanattemptat意為“打算，試圖”。

（5）考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句子“25theprerequisiteskillsforaparticularjobisstrength.”缺少主語(yǔ)，have與theprerequisite之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用其動(dòng)名詞形式，表示“具有某一工作的必要技能是一個(gè)優(yōu)勢(shì)”。

（6）考查主謂一致。or連接兩個(gè)并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞采用就近原則，即謂語(yǔ)與靠近的名詞在“人稱，數(shù)”上保持一致?！癮bookkeeper...oracarpenter”是本句的主語(yǔ)，因此謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單選，選D。

（7）考查固定搭配。capitalizeon是固定搭配，意為“充分利用某事物”。

（8）考查固定搭配。takestockof是固定搭配，意為“估計(jì)，考慮”。

（9）考查時(shí)態(tài)。句子“Aswegetfurtheralongmthebook,we'llbe_____with,specificprocessesfordevelopingandstrengtheninglearningskills.（隨著我們進(jìn)一步了解這本書(shū)，我們將詳細(xì)論述發(fā)展和加強(qiáng)學(xué)習(xí)技能的具體過(guò)程）”為將來(lái)時(shí)，因此選D。

（10）考查邏輯關(guān)系。根據(jù)前面的“______theutmostimportanceisyourattitude”可知此處選C，與文章前面的內(nèi)容相呼應(yīng)。

2.單選題

Scientistsspeculatethat（）populationgrowthanddwindlingresourcesmayforcehumanbeingstolooktotheseaforfood.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.unavoidable

B.unexpected

C.unrestrained

D.uncommon

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。unavoidable不可避免的；unexpected意外的，意想不到的；unrestrained無(wú)限制的；uncommon不常見(jiàn)的。由后面的結(jié)果“人類將轉(zhuǎn)到海洋去尋求食物”可推知原因是無(wú)限制的人口增長(zhǎng)以及資源的不斷減少。故C項(xiàng)正確。句意：科學(xué)家預(yù)測(cè)無(wú)限制的人口增長(zhǎng)以及不斷減少的自然資源將迫使人類往海洋尋求食物。

3.單選題

Becauseofhis（

）,hewasdischargedfromhispositionasfamilychauffer.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inebriety

B.sophist

C.stratum

D.fresco

【答案】A

【解析】考察名詞詞義辨析。inebriety“醉癖”；sophist“詭辯家；學(xué)者”；stratum“社會(huì)階層”；fresco“壁畫(huà)”。句意：由于他經(jīng)常醉酒，他不允許進(jìn)入廚房。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

4.單選題

TheEnglishlanguagecontainsa(n)______ofwordswhicharecomparativeseldomusedinordinaryconversation.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.altitude

B.latitude

C.multitude

D.attitude

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)altitude“高地；高度；頂垂線；高級(jí)；海拔”；B選項(xiàng)latitude“緯度；界限；活動(dòng)范圍”；C選項(xiàng)multitude“大量，多數(shù)；群眾，人群”；D選項(xiàng)attitude“態(tài)度；看法；意見(jiàn)；姿勢(shì)”。根據(jù)固定搭配amultitudeof“大批的，眾多的；大量的；一大批”可知句意為：英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言還有很多相對(duì)來(lái)說(shuō)很少被使用在我們的日常談話中的單詞。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Aboutacenturyago,theSwedishphysicalscientistArrheniusproposedalawofclassicalchemistrythatrelateschemicalreactionratetotemperature.AccordingtotheArrheniusequation,chemicalreactionsareincreasinglyunlikelytooccurastemperaturesapproachabsolutezero,andatabsolutezero(zerodegreesKelvin,orminus273degreesCelsius)reactionsstop.However,recentexperimentalevidencerevealsthatalthoughtheArrheniusequationisgenerallyaccurateindescribingthekindofchemicalreactionthatoccursatrelativelyhightemperatures,attemperaturesclosertozeroaquantum-mechanicaleffectknownastunnelingcomesintoplay;thiseffectaccountsforchemicalreactionsthatareforbiddenbytheprinciplesofclassicalchemistry.Specifically,entiremoleculescan‘"tunnel”throughthebarriersofrepulsiveforcesfromothermoleculesandchemicallyreacteventhoughthesemoleculesdonothavesufficientenergy,accordingtoclassicalchemistry,toovercometherepulsivebarrier.

Therateofanychemicalreaction,regardlessofthetemperatureatwhichittakesplace,usuallydependsonaveryimportantcharacteristicknownasitsactivationenergy.Anymoleculecanbeimaginedtoresideatthebottomofaso-calledpotentialwellofenergy.Achemicalreactioncorrespondstothetransitionofamoleculefromthebottomofonepotentialwelltothebottomofanother.Inclassicalchemistry,suchatransitioncanbeaccomplishedonlybygoingoverthepotentialbarrierbetweenthewells,theheightofwhichremainconstantandarecalledtheactivationenergyofthereaction.Intunneling,thereactingmoleculestunnelfromthebottomofonetothebottomofanotherwellwithouthavingtoriseoverthebarrierbetweenthetwowells.Recentlyresearchershavedevelopedtheconceptoftunnelingtemperature:thetemperaturebelowwhichtunnelingtransitionsgreatlyoutnumberArrheniustransitions,andclassicalmechanicsgiveswaytoitsquantumcounterpart.

Thistunnelingphenomenonatverylowtemperaturessuggestedmyhypothesisaboutacoldprehistoryoflife:theformationofrathercomplexorganicmoleculesinthedeepcoldofouterspace,wheretemperaturesusuallyreachonlyafewdegreesKelvin.Cosmicrays(high-energyprotonsandotherparticles)mighttriggerthesynthesisofsimplemolecules,suchasinterstellarformaldehyde,indarkcloudsofinterstellardust.Afterwardcomplexorganicmoleculeswouldbeformed,slowlybutsurely,bymeansoftunneling.AfterIofferedmyhypothesis,HoyleandWickramasinghearguedthatmoleculesofinterstellarformaldehydehaveindeedevolvedintostablepolysaccharidessuchascelluloseandstarch.Theirconclusions,althoughstronglydisputed,havegeneratedexcitementamonginvestigatorssuchasmyselfwhoareproposingthatthegalacticcloudsaretheplaceswherethepre-biologicalevolutionofcompoundsnecessarytolifeoccurred.

1.Theauthorofthepassageisprimarilyconcernedwith（

）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,classicalchemicalreactionsandtunnelingreactionsarealikeinwhichofthefollowingways?

3.Theauthor’sattitudetowardthetheoryofacoldpre-historyoflifecanbestbedescribedat（

）.

4.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesthehypothesisofHoyleandWickramasingheasitispresentedinthepassage?

5.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheorganizationofthefirsttwoparagraphsofthepassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.initiatingadebateaboutthekindsofchemicalreactionsrequiredforthedevelopmentoflife

B.explaininghowcurrentresearchinchemistrymayberelatedtobroaderbiologicalconcerns

C.reconcilingopposingtheoriesaboutchemicalreactions

D.clarifyinginherentambiguitiesinthelawofclassicalchemistry

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Inbothtypesofreactions,reactingmoleculeshavetoriseoverthebarrierbetweenthewells.

B.Inneithertypeofreactiondoestherateofachemicalreactiondependonitsactivitiesenergy.

C.Inneithertypeofreactiondoestheheightofthebarrierbetweenthewellsremainconstant

D.Inbothtypesofreaction,atransitionismadefromthebottomofonepotentialwelltothebottomofanother.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.skeptical

B.mildlypositive

C.verysupportive

D.pointedlycritical

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Cosmicrayscandirectlysynthesizecomplexorganicmolecules.

B.Moleculesofinterstellarformaldehydecanevolveintocomplexorganicmolecules.

C.Thegalacticcloudsaretheplaceswherepre-biologicalevolutionofcompoundsnecessarytolifeoccurred.

D.Complexorganicmoleculescanbesynthesizedfromstablepolysaccharidessuchascelluloseandstarch.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Theauthorpresentsalawofclassicalchemistryinordertointroduceakindofchemicalreactionthatdiffersfromitandthenexplainstheessentialdifferencebetweenthetwo.

B.Theauthorcitesanapparentcontradictiontotheprinciplesofclassicalchemistryandthenexplainstheprocessofachemicalreactiontoshowthereisinfactnocontradiction.

C.Theauthorcitesabasicprincipleofclassicalchemistryandthendescribestheresearchfromwhichthatprinciplewasdeveloped.

D.Theauthorpresentsthefundamentalrulesofclassicalchemistryinordertointroduceanexplanationofaspecificchemicalreaction.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容及第一句Thistunnelingphenomenonatverylowtemperaturessuggestedmyhypothesisaboutacoldprehistoryoflife:theformationofrathercomplexorganicmoleculesinthedeepcoldofouterspace,wheretemperaturesusuallyreachonlyafewdegreesKelvin.這種極低溫隧道效應(yīng)表明了的關(guān)于史前生命的理論：在外太空能夠極度寒冷的條件下，在這里通常溫度只有幾K的情況下的相當(dāng)復(fù)雜的有機(jī)分子的形成。作者第一段講了超低溫下的化學(xué)反應(yīng)，第二段承接第一段，講了外太空溫度與生命有機(jī)體形成的相關(guān)問(wèn)題討論，所以A選項(xiàng)“發(fā)起一個(gè)關(guān)于生命形成所需的各種化學(xué)反應(yīng)種類的討論”正確。B項(xiàng)意為“解釋當(dāng)前的化學(xué)研究是如何與更廣泛的生物學(xué)問(wèn)題相關(guān)聯(lián)”；C項(xiàng)意為“協(xié)調(diào)關(guān)于化學(xué)反應(yīng)的反對(duì)理論”；D項(xiàng)意為“澄清經(jīng)典化學(xué)在法律上的含糊不清”不符合，排除。

2.題目問(wèn)道經(jīng)典化學(xué)反應(yīng)和隧道效應(yīng)在哪方面相似。由文章第二段的內(nèi)容及第三句Achemicalreactioncorrespondstothetransitionofamoleculefromthebottomofonepotentialwelltothebottomofanother.—個(gè)化學(xué)反應(yīng)與化學(xué)分子從一個(gè)勢(shì)阱的底部到另一個(gè)勢(shì)阱的底部所產(chǎn)生的轉(zhuǎn)變有關(guān)，可知應(yīng)選D選項(xiàng)“在兩種反應(yīng)種類中，從一個(gè)勢(shì)阱的底部到另一個(gè)勢(shì)阱的底部所產(chǎn)生的轉(zhuǎn)換”正確。

3.根據(jù)文章最后一段第一句Thistunnelingphenomenonatverylowtemperaturessuggestedmyhypothesisaboutacoldprehistoryoflife:theformationofrathercomplexorganicmoleculesinthedeepcoldofouterspace,wheretemperaturesusuallyreachonlyafewdegreesKelvin.這種極低溫隧道效應(yīng)表明了我的關(guān)于史前生命的假設(shè)：在外太空能夠極度寒冷的條件下，在這里通常溫度只有幾K的情況下的相當(dāng)復(fù)雜的有機(jī)分子的形成。說(shuō)明作者對(duì)于這個(gè)寒冷的史前生命的理論是有積極態(tài)度的，但并沒(méi)有完全支持，B選項(xiàng)意為“適當(dāng)積極的”正確，C選項(xiàng)表達(dá)太絕對(duì)。

4.題目問(wèn)道下列哪項(xiàng)能最好地描述霍伊爾和Wickramasinghe的猜想。通過(guò)最后一段的闡述，尤其是Cosmicrays（high-energyprotonsandotherparticles）mighttriggerthesynthesisofsimplemolecules,suchasinterstellarformaldehyde,indarkcloudsofinterstellardust.宇宙射線（高能質(zhì)子和其他粒子）可能引發(fā)合成簡(jiǎn)單的分子，如星際甲醛，在烏云的星際塵埃。以及moleculesofinterstellarformaldehydehaveindeedevolvedintostablepolysaccharidessuchascelluloseandstarch星際分子甲酸確實(shí)演變成穩(wěn)定的纖維素和淀粉等多糖確定B選項(xiàng)“星際分子甲醛可以進(jìn)化成復(fù)雜的有機(jī)分子”正確。

5.下列哪一項(xiàng)最能描述文章前兩段的結(jié)構(gòu)?A項(xiàng)意為“作者提出了一種經(jīng)典化學(xué)法以介紹一種不同于它的化學(xué)反應(yīng)，然后解釋了兩者之間的本質(zhì)區(qū)別”；B項(xiàng)意為“作者引用了一個(gè)明顯矛盾的經(jīng)典化學(xué)原則，，然后解釋化學(xué)反應(yīng)的過(guò)程實(shí)際上是沒(méi)有矛盾”；C項(xiàng)意為“作者引用了經(jīng)典的化學(xué)基本原理，然后描述了研究開(kāi)發(fā)了這一原則”；D項(xiàng)意為“作者介紹了經(jīng)典化學(xué)的基本規(guī)則是為了介紹特定化學(xué)反應(yīng)的一個(gè)解釋?！备鶕?jù)全文內(nèi)容確定A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

6.單選題

（

）,hedoesgetirritatedwithhersometimes.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Ashelikeshermuch

B.Muchalthoughhelikesher

C.Thoughmuchhelikesher

D.Muchashelikesher

【答案】D

【解析】考查倒裝。although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，從句不倒裝；而as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，從句需要倒裝。故D項(xiàng)正確。句意：盡管他喜歡她，可有時(shí)候他確實(shí)會(huì)對(duì)她發(fā)火。故D項(xiàng)正確。

7.寫(xiě)作題

Supposeyouwilltakepartinaclassdebatenextweek,andyouaregiventhedebatequestion"Whichistoppriority,toeliminateinequalityorpovertyinourcountry?"

Writeaspeechforthedebateandclarifyyourownviewpointtowardswhateveryourpositionwillbe(justoneposition).Butbesurethatyourargumentwillbesupportedwithampleexamplesorevidence.Doremembertoprovideatitleforyourspeech.

Thelengthofyourspeechisexpectedtobebetween250and300words.WriteyourspeechontheANSWERSHEET.

【答案】略

8.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

FewpeoplewoulddefendtheVictorianattitudetochildren,butifyouwereaparentinthosedays,atleastyouknewwhereyoustood:childrenweretobeseenandnotheard.Freudandhiscompanydidawaywithallthatandparentshavebeen(1)eversince.Thechild’shappinessisall-important,thepsychologistssay,(2)whatabouttheparents’happiness?Parentssuffercontinuallyfromfearandguiltwhiletheirchildren(3)rompaboutpullingtheplaceapart.Agood“old-fashioned”spankingisoutofthe(4):nomodernchild-rearing(5)wouldpermitsuchbarbarity.Thetroubleisyouarenotallowed(6)toshout.Whoknowswhatdeep(7)woundsyoumightinflict.Thepoorchildmayneverrecoverfromthedreadfultraumatic(8).Soitisthatparents(9)toavoidgivingtheirchildrencomplexes(10)ahundredyearsagohadn’tevenbeenheardof.Certainlyachildneedslove,andalotofit.Buttheexcessive(11)ofmodernparentsissurelydoingmoreharmthangood.

Psychologistshavesucceededin(12)parent’confidenceintheirownauthority.Andithasn’ttakenchildrenlongtogetwindofthefact.(13)thegreatmodernclassicsonchild-care,therearecountlessarticlesinmagazinesandnewspapers.Withsomuchunsolicited(14)flyingabout,mumanddadjustdon’tknowwhattodoanymore.Intheend,theydonothingatall.So,fromearlychildhood,thekidsareinchargeandparent’livesare(15)accordingtotheneedsoftheiroffspring.Whenthelittledearsdevelopinto(16),theytakecompletecontrol.Laxauthorityovertheyearsmakesadolescent(17)againstparentsallthemoreviolent.Iftheyoungpeoplearegoingtohaveaparty,(18),parentsareaskedtoleavethehouse.Theirpresencemerely(19)thefun.Whatelsecanthepoorparentsdobut(20)?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.relaxed

B.thrilled

C.bewildered

D.inspired

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.so

B.but

C.and

D.or

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.pleasantly

B.enthusiastically

C.cautiously

D.gaily

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.problem

B.question

C.issue

D.argument

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.brochure

B.pamphlet

C.manual

D.publication

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.even

B.also

C.just

D.as

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.physical

B.emotional

C.psychological

D.sensational

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.experience

B.hazard

C.adventure

D.impact

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.strive

B.hesitate

C.anticipate

D.oblige

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.what

B.it

C.which

D.this

問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)

A.penalty

B.barbarity

C.scold

D.permissiveness

問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)

A.establishing

B.enhancing

C.detaining

D.undermining

問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)

A.Withrelationto

B.Withregardto

C.Inadditionto

D.Intermsof

問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)

A.demonstration

B.advice

C.criticism

D.interpretation

問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)

A.operated

B.intensified

C.regulated

D.compensated

問(wèn)題16選項(xiàng)

A.adults

B.teenagers

C.parents

D.veterans

問(wèn)題17選項(xiàng)

A.resistance

B.objection

C.hostility

D.rebellion

問(wèn)題18選項(xiàng)

A.atfirst

B.inparticular

C.afterall

D.forinstance

問(wèn)題19選項(xiàng)

A.devastates

B.spoils

C.manipulates

D.converts

問(wèn)題20選項(xiàng)

A.refuse

B.violate

C.abide

D.obey

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:C

第6題:A

第7題:C

第8題:A

第9題:A

第10題:C

第11題:D

第12題:D

第13題:C

第14題:B

第15題:C

第16題:B

第17題:D

第18題:D

第19題:B

第20題:D

【解析】第1題:詞義辨析題。A項(xiàng)relaxed“輕松的，放松的”，B項(xiàng)thrilled“非常激動(dòng)的”，C項(xiàng)bewildered“困惑的，迷惑的”，D項(xiàng)inspired“品質(zhì)優(yōu)秀的，能力卓越的”，前文先是提到，“但如果你是那個(gè)時(shí)代的父母，至少你知道自己的立場(chǎng)”，之后又說(shuō)，“弗洛伊德和他的同事們摒棄了這一切，此后父母?jìng)円恢备械絖____”，我們可以看出，在弗洛伊德他們擯棄了那個(gè)態(tài)度之后，家長(zhǎng)們應(yīng)該是非常困惑的，他們不知道自己的立場(chǎng)了，也不知道自己該如何做。因此答案為C。

第2題:本題考查了連詞的辨析?？崭袂爸v的是孩子的幸福非常的重要，后面說(shuō)：那家長(zhǎng)的幸福呢？前后是對(duì)比的關(guān)系，因此答案為but。

第3題:詞義辨析題。句子的意思是：“父母的內(nèi)心飽受恐懼和內(nèi)疚的煎熬，當(dāng)他們要把正在_____玩耍的孩子帶離他們玩耍的地方時(shí)”，A項(xiàng)“愉快地，友好地，親切地”，B項(xiàng)“熱情地”，C項(xiàng)“慎重地，謹(jǐn)慎地”，D項(xiàng)“華麗地，歡樂(lè)地”，按照空格中所缺的詞義，我們可知道小孩是在快樂(lè)的玩耍，D項(xiàng)的gaily更多的形容一個(gè)人或一個(gè)人的狀態(tài)，而A項(xiàng)的pleasantly是描述一個(gè)行為或者一天的情況，D項(xiàng)更佳。

第4題:本題考查詞組的搭配。outofthequestion是固定搭配，意為“不可能，根本談不上”，整句意為“打屁股那種過(guò)時(shí)的方式就更談不上了”。

第5題:本題考查的是詞義的辨析。A項(xiàng)“小冊(cè)子”，主要指旅游的，或是宣傳冊(cè)，B項(xiàng)“小手冊(cè)”，C項(xiàng)“說(shuō)明書(shū)”，D項(xiàng)“出版物”，而child-rearingmanual為固定搭配，意為“育兒手冊(cè)”。

第6題:本題考查的是副詞的用法。我們需要結(jié)合句意來(lái)做出選擇，前文說(shuō)到，現(xiàn)代育兒手冊(cè)絕不會(huì)允許虐待兒童，問(wèn)題是你_____喊都不允許。我們可以得出此空填even為最佳，“甚至連喊都不允許”。

第7題:本題考查形容詞的辨析。A項(xiàng)“身體的，生理的”，B項(xiàng)“情感的，感性的”，C“心理的”，D“轟動(dòng)的，使人感動(dòng)的”，psychologicalwounds“心理創(chuàng)傷”。因?yàn)楹⒆硬豢赡苤苯尤ゴ蚣议L(zhǎng)，這不常見(jiàn)，因此是心理的創(chuàng)傷。

第8題:本題考查名詞的詞義。A項(xiàng)為“經(jīng)驗(yàn)，經(jīng)歷”，B項(xiàng)“危險(xiǎn)，風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”，C項(xiàng)“冒險(xiǎn)”，D項(xiàng)“影響，效果”，空格前面的形容詞traumatic“創(chuàng)傷性的”，整句的意思為，“那可憐的孩子可能永遠(yuǎn)無(wú)法從可怕的_____中恢復(fù)過(guò)來(lái)?！备鶕?jù)句意和詞義我們可以得出答案為A比較合理。

第9題:本題考查動(dòng)詞的詞義。A項(xiàng)“努力，奮斗”，B項(xiàng)“猶豫”，C項(xiàng)“預(yù)料，預(yù)期”，D項(xiàng)“迫使，強(qiáng)制，義務(wù)”，句意為“所以，正是父母?jìng)僟_____地避免給他們的孩子帶來(lái)這種一百年前甚至還沒(méi)有聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)的情結(jié)”，根據(jù)前后文說(shuō)孩子很難從那些創(chuàng)傷性的經(jīng)歷中恢復(fù)過(guò)來(lái)，因此父母應(yīng)該是竭盡全力去避免給他們帶來(lái)傷害。答案為A。

第10題:本題考查了定語(yǔ)從句。complex為前文的先行詞，空格處的詞引導(dǎo)的是定語(yǔ)從句，選項(xiàng)中只有C項(xiàng)的which可以引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，因此答案為C。

第11題:本題考查了名詞的辨析。A項(xiàng)“罰款，處罰”，B項(xiàng)“殘暴，粗野”，C項(xiàng)“責(zé)罵，叱責(zé)”，D項(xiàng)“放任，許可”，整個(gè)句子的句意為“當(dāng)然，孩子需要愛(ài)，需要很多的愛(ài)。但是現(xiàn)代父母的_______肯定是弊大于利。”根據(jù)上下文說(shuō)父母不敢去斥責(zé)孩子，只是一味的給他們愛(ài)，因此是過(guò)度縱容，放任他們，答案為D。

第12題:本題考查了動(dòng)詞的辨析。A項(xiàng)“建立”，B項(xiàng)“加強(qiáng)”，C項(xiàng)“拘留”，D項(xiàng)“破壞”，“心理學(xué)家成功地_____父母對(duì)自己權(quán)威的信心。孩子們很快就知道了這個(gè)事實(shí)?！边@一空的解答要立足于全文，全文從第一段就說(shuō)弗洛伊德他們擯棄父母的權(quán)利，讓父母目前只能一味的迎合孩子，因此這一空的意思是心理學(xué)家削弱了父母的權(quán)威，而孩子們馬上就知道了這個(gè)事（他們由此更加放任）。

第13題:本題考查了詞組的辨析。A項(xiàng)“與……有關(guān)”，B項(xiàng)“關(guān)于，至于”，C項(xiàng)“除……之外”，D項(xiàng)“在……方面，按照”，這里我們需要結(jié)合上下文進(jìn)行解答，“_____關(guān)于兒童保育的現(xiàn)代經(jīng)典著作外，雜志和報(bào)紙上還有無(wú)數(shù)的文章。這么多的建議滿天飛”，后文說(shuō)還有數(shù)不清的雜志和報(bào)紙的文章，可以看出前一空應(yīng)該是“除了那些現(xiàn)代經(jīng)典著作之外”。

第14題:本題考查了名詞的辨析。A項(xiàng)“示范；證明”，B項(xiàng)“建議”，C項(xiàng)“批評(píng)”，D項(xiàng)“解釋；翻譯”，根據(jù)我們的理解，所有的這些文章資料應(yīng)該都是給出一些建議，因此答案為B。

第15題:本題考查了動(dòng)詞的辨析。A項(xiàng)“操作，手術(shù)”，B項(xiàng)“加強(qiáng)”，C項(xiàng)“調(diào)節(jié)，控制”，D項(xiàng)“補(bǔ)償”，前文說(shuō)道“從幼兒時(shí)期起，孩子就當(dāng)家做主”，那么可以推出“父母的生活就按照孩子的需要來(lái)調(diào)節(jié)”，答案為C。

第16題:本題考查了名詞的辨析。A項(xiàng)“成人”，B項(xiàng)“青少年”，C項(xiàng)“父母”，D項(xiàng)“老兵，老手”，這一題是由后文的adolescent來(lái)得出的，空格處的詞應(yīng)與adolescent為同義詞，答案為B。

第17題:本題考查了名詞的辨析。A項(xiàng)“抵抗，反抗”，B項(xiàng)“拒絕”，C項(xiàng)“敵意，敵對(duì)”，D項(xiàng)“叛亂，謀反，不遵從”，“當(dāng)這些小寶貝們成長(zhǎng)為青少年時(shí)，他們就完全控制了一切。多年來(lái)缺乏權(quán)威使得青少年對(duì)父母的_____更加激烈?！睆娜狈?quán)威這一點(diǎn)我們可以看出青少年應(yīng)該是對(duì)于父母的反叛更加激烈，答案為D。

第18題:本題考查了連詞詞組的辨析。A項(xiàng)“首先”，B項(xiàng)“尤其是”，C項(xiàng)“畢竟”，D項(xiàng)“例如”，前文說(shuō)孩子們的反叛會(huì)更加激烈，后文舉出了一個(gè)具體的例子，比如說(shuō)孩子們聚會(huì)的時(shí)候，因此答案為D。

第19題:本題考查了動(dòng)詞的辨析。A項(xiàng)“毀壞”，B項(xiàng)“溺愛(ài)，糟蹋，毀壞”，C項(xiàng)“操控”，D項(xiàng)“轉(zhuǎn)變，轉(zhuǎn)換”，spoilthefun是固定搭配，意為“煞風(fēng)景，掃興”，答案為B。

第20題:本題考查了動(dòng)詞的辨析。A項(xiàng)“反駁”，B項(xiàng)“違反，侵犯”，C項(xiàng)“容忍，忍受”，D項(xiàng)“服從，聽(tīng)話”，句意：舉個(gè)例子來(lái)說(shuō)，當(dāng)年輕人聚會(huì)時(shí)，父母就被要求離開(kāi)家。他們的出現(xiàn)只會(huì)掃興而已?？蓱z的父母除了_____，還能做什么呢？文章一直在說(shuō)父母沒(méi)有反抗的權(quán)利，也沒(méi)有權(quán)威，所以面對(duì)孩子要求他們離開(kāi)的時(shí)候，他們只能服從，答案為D。

9.單選題

Hawaii’snativeminorityisdemandingagreaterdegreeofsovereigntyoveritsownaffairs.Butmuchofthearchipelago’spoliticalestablishment,whichincludesthewhiteAmericanswhodominateduntiltheSecondWorldWarandpeopleofJapanese,ChineseandFilipinoorigin,isopposedtotheidea.

TheislandswereannexedbytheU.S.in1898andsincethenHawaii’snativepeoplehavefaredworsethananyofitsotherethnicgroups.Theymakeupover60percentofthestate’shomeless,sufferhigherlevelsofunemploymentandtheirlifespanisfiveyearslessthantheaverageHawaiians.TheyaretheonlymajorU.S.nativegroupwithoutsomedegreeofautonomy.

ButasovereigntyadvisorycommitteesetupbyHawaii’sfirstnativegovernor,JohnWaihee,hasgiventhenatives’causeamajorboostbyrecommendingthattheHawaiiannativesdecidebythemselveswhethertore-establishasovereignHawaiiannation.

However,theHawaiiannativesarenotunitedintheirdemands.Somejustwantgreaterautonomywithinthestate—asenjoyedbymanyAmericanIndiannativesovermatterssuchaseducation.ThisisapositionsupportedbytheOfficeofHawaiianAffairs(OHA),astateagencysetupin1978torepresenttonatives’interestsandwhichhasnowbecomethemoderatefaceofthenativesovereigntymovement.MoreambitiousistheKaLahuigroup,whichdeclareditselfanewnationin1987andwantsfull,officialindependencefromtheU.S.

ButifHawaiiannativesaregivengreaterautonomy,itisfarfromclearhowmanypeoplethiswillapplyto.Thestateauthoritiesonlycountasnativethosepeoplewithmorethan50percentHawaiianblood.

Nativedemandsarenotjustbasedonpoliticalgrievances,though.Theyalsowanttheirclaimon660,000hectaresofHawaiiancrownlandtobeaccepted.Itisonthisissuethatnativegroupsarefacing.Itisonthisissuethatnativegroupsarefacingmostoppositionfromthestateauthorities.In1933,thestategovernmentpaidtheOHAU.S.$136millioninbackrentonthecrownlandandmanyofficialssaythatbyacceptingthispaymenttheagencyhasgivenupitsclaimstolegallyowntheland.TheOHAhasvigorouslydisputedthis.

1.Hawaii’snativeminorityrefersto（）.

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueoftheHawaiiannatives?

3.WhichofthefollowingisNottrueofJohnWaihee?

4.Whichofthefollowinggroupsholdsalessradicalattitudeonthematterofsovereignty?

5.VariousnativeHawaiiansdemandallthefollowingExcept（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Hawaii’sethnicgroups

B.peopleofFilipinoorigin

C.theKaLahuigroup

D.peoplewith50%Hawaiianblood

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Sixtypercentofthemarehomelessorunemployed.

B.Theirlifespanis5yearsshorterthanaverageAmericans.

C.TheirlifeisworsethanthatofotherethnicgroupsinHawaii.

D.Theyaretheonlynativegroupwithoutsovereignty.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.HeisHawaiifirstnativegovernor.

B.Hehassetupasovereigntyadvisorycommittee.

C.Hesuggestedthenativepeopledecideforthemselves.

D.Heisleadingthelocalindependencemovement.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.AmericanIndiannatives.

B.OfficeofHawaiianAffairs.

C.TheKaLahuigroup.

D.TheHawaiiannatives.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.agreaterautonomywithinthestate

B.morebackrentonthecrownland

C.aclaimontheHawaiiancrownland

D.fullindependencefromtheU.S.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Hawaii’snativeminority可以定位到文章第二段第一句“TheislandswereannexedbytheU.S.,in1898andsincethenHawaii’snativepeopleshavefaredworsethananyofitsotherethnicgroups.”，中文翻譯為：這個(gè)群島于1898年被美國(guó)吞并，從那時(shí)起，夏威夷土著居民的遭遇比其他種族群體的遭遇更為悲慘。可以判斷只有A項(xiàng)“夏威夷的種族群體”正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可以定位到原文第二段“…sincethenHawaii’snativepeoplehavefaredworsethananyofitsotherethnicgroups.”，中文大意為：自那以后，夏威夷的土著居民比其他種族的境況更糟糕。C選項(xiàng)正確，符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由A，B，C選項(xiàng)可定位到原文第三段中“ButasovereigntyadvisorycommitteesetupbyHawaii’sfirstnativegovernor,JohnWaihee,hasgiventhenatives’causeamajorboostbyrecommendingthattheHawaiiannativesdecidebythemselveswhethertore-establishasovereignHawaiiannation.”，中文翻譯為：由夏威夷的第一位本土官員JohnWaihee成立的主權(quán)咨詢委員會(huì)對(duì)土著居民的事件起到了推動(dòng)作用，該委員會(huì)建議夏威夷土著居民應(yīng)該自主決定是否需要重新成立一個(gè)夏威夷主權(quán)國(guó)家。判斷A，B，C選項(xiàng)正確，排除；D選項(xiàng)在文章內(nèi)沒(méi)有相關(guān)信息介紹，故選D。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“alessradicalattitude”可以定位到文章第四段第三句“ThisisapositionsupportedbytheOfficeofHawaiianAffairs(OHA),astateagencysetupin1978torepresentthenatives’interestsandwhichhasnowbecomethemoderatefaceofthenativesovereigntymovement.”，中文翻譯為：這是夏威夷事務(wù)辦公室（OHA）支持的態(tài)度，OHA作為一個(gè)國(guó)家機(jī)關(guān)成立于1978年，代表著當(dāng)?shù)厝嗣竦睦妫缃裨诿鎸?duì)土著居民主權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)上保持著溫和的態(tài)度。故選B。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可以定位到原文最后一段“Theyalsowanttheirclaimon660,000hectaresofHawaiiancrownlandtobeaccepted.”，中文翻譯為：他們還希望能夠要回66萬(wàn)公頃的夏威夷公有土地?？芍耐氖窍朊绹?guó)政府承認(rèn)其所有權(quán)而不僅僅是更多的租金。因此B選項(xiàng)“更多的拖欠皇家土地的租金”符合題意。

10.單選題

Youneverseehim,butthey’rewithyoueverytimeyoufly.Theyrecordwhereyouaregoing,howfastyou’retravelingandwhethereverythingonyourairplaneisfunctioningnormally.Theirabilitytowithstandalmostanydisastermakesthemseemlikesomethingoutofacomicbook.They'reknownastheblackbox.

Whenplanesfallfromthesky,asaYemeniairlinerdidonitswaytoComorosIslandsintheIndiaoceanJune30,2009,theblackboxisthebestbetforidentifyingwhatwentwrong.SowhenaFrenchsubmarinedetecteddevice’shomingsignalfivedayslater,thediscoverymarkedahugesteptowarddeterminingthecauseofatragedyinwhich152passengerswerekilled.

In1958,AustralianscientistDavidWarrendevelopedaflight-memoryrecorderthatwouldtrackbasicinformationlikealtitudeanddirection.Thatwasthefirstmodeforablackbox,whichbecamearequirementonallU.S.commercialflightsby1960.Earlymodelsoftenfailedtowithstandcrashes,however,soin1965theboxwascompletelyredesignedandmovedtothebackoftheplane-thearealeastaffectedbyimpact-fromitsoriginalpositioninthelandingwells(起落架艙).Thesameyear,theFederalAviationAuthorityrequiredthattheboxes,whichwereneveractuallyblack,bepaintedorangeoryellowtobediscoveredmoreeasily.

Modemairplaneshavetwoblackboxes:avoicerecorder,whichtrackspilots’conversations,andaflight-datarecorder,whichmonitorsfuellevels,enginenoisesandotheroperatingfunctionsthathelpinvestigatorsreconstructtheaircraft’sfinalmoments.Placedinaninsulatedcaseandsurroundedbyaquarter-inch-thickpanelsofstainlesssteel,theboxescanwithstandmassiveforceandtemperaturesupto2,000'F.Whensubmerged,they’realsoabletoemitsignalsfromdepthsof20,000ft.ExpertsbelievetheboxesfromAirFranceFlight447,whichcrashednearBrazilonJune1.2009,areinwaternearlythatdeep,butstatisticssaythey'restilllikelytoturnup.Intheapproximately20deep-seacrashesoverthepast30years,onlyoneplane’sblackboxeswereneverrecovered.

1.Whatdoestheauthorsayabouttheblackbox?

2.WhatinformationcouldbefoundfromtheblackboxontheYemeniairliner?

3.Whywastheblackboxredesignedin1965?

4.WhydidtheFederalAviationAuthorityrequiretheblackboxesbepaintedorangeoryellow?

5.WhatdoweknowabouttheblackboxesfromAirFranceFlight447?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Itensuresthenormalfunctioningofanairplane.

B.Theideaforitsdesigncomesfromacomicbook.

C.Itsabilitytowardoffdisasterisincredible.

D.Itisanindispensabledeviceonanairplane.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Dataforanalyzingthecauseofthecrash.

B.Thetotalnumberofpassengersonboard.

C.Thesceneofthecrashandextentofthedamage.

D.Homingsignalssentbythepilotbeforethecrash.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Newmaterialsbecameavailablebythattime.

B.Toomuchspacewasneededforitsinstallation.

C.Theearlymodelsoftengotdamagedinthecrash.

D.Theearlymodelsdidn’tprovidetheneededdata.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Todistinguishthemfromthecolouroftheplane.

B.Tocautionpeopletohandlethemwithcare.

C.Tomakethemeasilyidentifiable.

D.Toconformtointernationalstandards.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Thereisstillagoodchanceoftheirbeingrecovered.

B.Thereisanurgentneedforthemtobereconstructed

C.Theyhavestoppedsendinghorningsignals.

D.TheyweredestroyedsomewherenearBrazil

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段…whethereverythingonyourairplaneisfunctioningnormally.確定A選項(xiàng)正確。選項(xiàng)B設(shè)計(jì)理念來(lái)自漫畫(huà)書(shū)。與原文不符。根據(jù)第一段Theirabilitytowithstandalmostanydisaster...沒(méi)有提到incredible這個(gè)詞，確定C選項(xiàng)不正確。D選項(xiàng)在文中未提及。所以A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

2.根據(jù)第二段：...thediscoverymarkedahugesteptowarddeterminingthecauseofatragedy...:這一發(fā)現(xiàn)為查找失事原因邁進(jìn)了一步。由此推斷A選項(xiàng)分析失事原因的數(shù)據(jù)。B選項(xiàng)機(jī)上共有多少名乘客，這一數(shù)字是在飛機(jī)起飛前就確定的。C選項(xiàng)失事場(chǎng)景以及損毀范圍。與原文不符。D選項(xiàng)飛機(jī)失事前，飛行員發(fā)出的歸航信號(hào)。這一信號(hào)是黑匣子發(fā)出來(lái)的，與原文不符。所以A選項(xiàng)正確。

3.根據(jù)第三段：Earlymodelsoftenfailedtowithstandcrashes...早期的模型沒(méi)有發(fā)揮避險(xiǎn)作用。確定C選項(xiàng)早期模型在飛機(jī)失事中被損壞正確。A選項(xiàng)在那時(shí)找到新的制作材料。原文未提及。B選項(xiàng)需要填充太多的空間。與原文不符。D選項(xiàng)早期的模型沒(méi)有提供必要的數(shù)據(jù)。與原文不符。所以C選項(xiàng)正確。

4.根據(jù)第三段：...bepaintedorangeoryellowtobediscoveredmoreeasily：涂上桔色或黃色的漆以便于發(fā)現(xiàn)。確定C選項(xiàng)使之更易辨認(rèn)正確。A:將其與飛機(jī)的顏色區(qū)分開(kāi)。B選項(xiàng)警告人們要小心處置。D選項(xiàng)與國(guó)際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)一致。原文都未提及。所以C選項(xiàng)正確。

5.根據(jù)最后一段：Whensubmerged,they'realsoabletoemitsignalsfromdepthsof20,000ft.當(dāng)黑匣子被潛入到20000ft深水中時(shí)也能發(fā)射出信號(hào)。ExpertsbelievetheboxesfromAirFranceFlight447...areinwaternearlythatdeep,butstatisticssaythey'restilllikelyto