考研考博-英語(yǔ)-山西警官職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-山西警官職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Theengineersinthislabspentseveralweeks（）theirplansforthenewbicycle.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.counting

B.stripping

C.elaborating

D.casting

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)count“計(jì)數(shù)，計(jì)算”。B選項(xiàng)strip“剝奪，剝?nèi)ァ?。C選項(xiàng)elaborate“精心制作，詳細(xì)闡述”。D選項(xiàng)cast“投，拋”。句意：這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)室的工程師們花了幾個(gè)星期的時(shí)間來(lái)詳細(xì)制定他們的新自行車計(jì)劃。根據(jù)句意可知，C項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Theteachersaidthathewouldn’ttolerate______lateeveryday.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.formetoarrive

B.mearrived

C.metoarrive

D.myarriving

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞用法。句意：老師說(shuō)他不能容忍我每天遲到。toleratesth.意為“忍受某事”；toleratedoingsth.意為“忍受繼續(xù)做相同的事”；toleratetodosth.意為“忍受做另一件事”，所以D選項(xiàng)myarriving作賓語(yǔ)符合題意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

In2005,PresidentBushputhispoliticalcapitalwherehismouthwas,andlost.Hewentall-outto()CongressandtheAmericanpeoplethatprivatizingSocialSecuritywouldbegoodandnecessary.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.argue

B.concede

C.convince

D.confess

【答案】C

【解析】句意：2005年，布什總統(tǒng)把他的政治資本一直掛在嘴邊，結(jié)果失敗了。他竭盡全力讓國(guó)會(huì)和美國(guó)人民相信，將社會(huì)保障私有化是好的也是必要的。argue爭(zhēng)論、證明；concede允許，承認(rèn)；convince說(shuō)服，使確信；confess供認(rèn)，懺悔。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

4.單選題

Herlaterwritingsolackedsubtletythatitalmostreadlikea______ofherearlierwork.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.parley

B.paranoia

C.parody

D.parole

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)parley“談判，會(huì)談”，B項(xiàng)paranoia“偏執(zhí)狂，妄想狂”，C項(xiàng)parody“拙劣的模仿，詼諧的改編詩(shī)文”，D項(xiàng)parole“言語(yǔ)，誓言，諾言”。由Herlaterwritingsolackedsubtlety“她后來(lái)的作品缺乏精妙之處”，結(jié)合so…that…“如此……以至于……”的邏輯可知，a______ofherearlierwork表示“早期作品的拙劣模仿”符合語(yǔ)境。句意：她后來(lái)的作品缺乏精妙之處，讀起來(lái)幾乎像是對(duì)她早期作品的拙劣模仿。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

5.翻譯題

根據(jù)最新統(tǒng)計(jì)，67%的美國(guó)人能上網(wǎng)，該比例是中國(guó)的6倍。盡管互聯(lián)網(wǎng)作用巨大，但許多問(wèn)題遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)沒(méi)有解決，如：病毒侵入和信息安全。即使這些問(wèn)題最終有可能得到解決，也需要艱辛的努力和多年時(shí)間。

【答案】答：

Accordingtothelateststatistics,67%oftheU.S.populationhaveaccesstotheInternet,whichissixtimesthatofChina.DespitetheinfluentialroleoftheInternet,manyproblemsarefarfromsettled,suchastheinvasionofvirusesandinformationsecurity.Evenifitispossibletofindfinalsolutions,itwilltakepainstakingeffortsandmanyyears.

6.單選題

Fearanditscompanionpainaretwoofthemostusefulthingsthatmenandanimalspossess,iftheyareproperlyused.Iffiredidnothurtwhenitburnt,childrenwouldplayituntiltheirhandswereburntaway.Similarly,ifpainexistedbutfeardidnot,achildwouldburnitselfagainandagain,becausefearwouldnotwarnittokeepawayfromthefirethathadburnthimorherbefore.Areallyfearlesssoldierandsomedoexist——isnotagoodsoldierbecauseheissoonkilled;andadeadsoldierisofnousetohisarmy.Fearandpainarethereforetwoguardswithoutwhichmenandanimalsmightsoondieout.

Inourfirstsentencewesuggestedthatfearoughttobeproperlyused.If,forexample,younevergooutofyourhousebecauseofthedangerofbeingknockeddownandkilledinthestreetbyacar,youarelettingfearruleyoutoomuch.Eveninyourhouseyouarenotabsolutelysafe;anairplanemycrashonyourhouse,orantsmayearawaysomeofthebeamsinyourroofsothatthelatterfallsonyou,oryoumaygetcancer!

Theimportantthingsarenottoletfearruleyou,butinsteadtousefearasyourservantandguide.Fearwillwarmyouofdangers;thenyouhavetodecidewhatactiontotake.Inmanycases,youcantakequickandsuccessfulactiontoavoidthedanger.Forexample,youseeacarcomingstraighttowardsyou;fearwarnsyou;youjumpoutoftheway,andalliswell.

Insomecases,however,youdecidethatthereisnothingthatyoucandotoavoidthedanger.Forexample,youcannotpreventanairplanecrashingontoyourhouse.Inthiscase,fearhasgivenyouitswarning;youhaveexamineditanddecidedonyourcourseofaction,sofearofthisparticulardangerisnolongerofanyusetoyou,andyouhavetotrytoovercomeit.

1.Childrenwouldplaywithfireuntiltheirhandswereburntawayif（）.

2.Areallyfearlesssoldier（）..

3.Fearshouldbeusedproperlybecause（）.

4.Peoplesometimessucceedintimelyavoidingdangerbecause（）.

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisimpliedbutnotstated?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.theyweregivennowarningbeforehand

B.theyhadneverburntthemselves

C.theyhadnosenseofpain

D.theywerefearfulofthefire

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.isoflittleusetothearmy

B.iswithoutequal

C.isnothingbutadeadsoldier

D.easilygetskilledinabattle

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.anairplanemaycrashonyourhouse

B.youmaygetcancer

C.fearcanonlybeusedasaservantandguide

D.menarenowlettingfearrulethemtoomuch

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.theyhavegainedexperience

B.theyjumpoutofthewayintime

C.theyarecalminfaceofdanger

D.theyarewarnedofthedangerandcantakequickaction

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Fearisalwayssomethinghelpful

B.Toomuchfearisharmful.

C.Fearoughttobeusedasservantandguide.

D.Fearissomethingunprofitable.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意為:什么情況下，孩子們會(huì)玩火直到手被燒掉？第一段指出:Iffiredidnothurtwhenitburnt,childrenwouldplayituntiltheirhandswereburntaway(如果火在燃燒時(shí)，沒(méi)有受傷，小孩子會(huì)玩火，直到手被燒掉)。因此，在“沒(méi)有受傷”即“他們沒(méi)有疼痛感”的情況下，小孩子會(huì)玩火直到手被燒掉。因此C項(xiàng)正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干為:真正無(wú)畏的戰(zhàn)士是怎么樣的？根據(jù)題干定位至第一段:Areallyfearlesssoldierandsomedoexist——isnotagoodsoldierbecauseheissoonkilled;andadeadsoldierisofnousetohisarmy（真正無(wú)畏的戰(zhàn)士確實(shí)有些存在——不一定是好戰(zhàn)士，因?yàn)樗芸毂粴⒌?；逝去的?zhàn)士對(duì)于軍隊(duì)是無(wú)濟(jì)于事的）。對(duì)比四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，D項(xiàng)“在戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)上容易被殺”正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干為:為什么恐懼應(yīng)該被恰當(dāng)使用？第二段指出:如果因?yàn)閾?dān)心被車撞倒或撞死而不出門，那么，恐懼就過(guò)分統(tǒng)治了你。因?yàn)?，即使在家里，也不絕對(duì)安全，可能飛機(jī)會(huì)撞毀你的房屋，可能你會(huì)得癌癥等。因此D選項(xiàng)“現(xiàn)在人們被恐懼過(guò)分控制了”正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干為:人們有時(shí)會(huì)及時(shí)避開(kāi)危險(xiǎn)，是因?yàn)槭裁?第三段指出:Fearwillwarmyouofdangers;thenyouhavetodecidewhatactiontotake(恐懼會(huì)警告你處于危險(xiǎn)中，然后你得決定采取何種措施)。Inmanycases,youcantakequickandsuccessfulactiontoavoidthedanger(有些情況下，你可以采取迅速而且成功的措施以避開(kāi)危險(xiǎn))。因此“他們被警告處于危險(xiǎn)中，并能采取緊急措施”正確。

5.判斷推理題。題干意為:下列哪項(xiàng)是從文中暗示得出而不是直接陳述出來(lái)的？A:恐懼總是有幫助的。B:過(guò)分的恐懼有害。C:恐懼應(yīng)該被利用為仆人所知道。D:恐懼是無(wú)益的。文章提倡要恰當(dāng)使用恐懼，這樣它就會(huì)對(duì)我們有用，但是，不要讓恐懼過(guò)分地統(tǒng)治我們。因此，A選項(xiàng)跟D選項(xiàng)過(guò)于絕對(duì)。C項(xiàng)已經(jīng)在第三段明確提出。B項(xiàng)可以被推斷出，而且正確。

7.單選題

Acycleridewalkorswimatleastthreetimesaweekwill______yourcirculationandhelpmaintainahealthybloom.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.boost

B.heighten

C.compel

D.renew

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)boost“促進(jìn)”；B選項(xiàng)heighten“提高”；C選項(xiàng)compel“強(qiáng)迫”；D選項(xiàng)renew“更換；重新開(kāi)始”。句意：每周至少騎三次自行車，散步或游泳，可以______你的血液循環(huán)，幫助保持健康的血液循環(huán)。橫線處和yourcirculation“你的血液循環(huán)”形成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，只有A選項(xiàng)boost“促進(jìn)”符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

The（）inDavid’scharacterhashinderedhimfromadvancinginhiscareer.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.weakness

B.shortcoming

C.demerit

D.defect

【答案】D

【解析】考查同義名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)weakness“指人性格、品行方面的弱點(diǎn)，或體制、組織、設(shè)計(jì)等方面的缺陷（強(qiáng)調(diào)弱點(diǎn)）”；B選項(xiàng)shortcoming“指某人或某事物所存在的不足或缺陷，通常用復(fù)數(shù)”；C選項(xiàng)demerit“是很正式的詞語(yǔ)，表示事物的缺點(diǎn)”；D選項(xiàng)defect“指事物的缺點(diǎn)或人性格上的缺點(diǎn)，一般指較大的缺點(diǎn)、缺陷。”某某人的shortcoming是可以改的；但是某某人的weakness是需要那個(gè)人自己去克服；shortcoming只能用來(lái)指人的缺點(diǎn)；weakness可以用在人以外的東西上。句意：大衛(wèi)性格上的缺陷阻礙了他在事業(yè)上的發(fā)展。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Herparentswantedtochangehermindsotheytriedto______hertotheirwayofthinking.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.convert

B.alter

C.transfer

D.convey

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)convert“(使)轉(zhuǎn)變，改變”，指改變形式、特性、信仰、觀點(diǎn)等；B選項(xiàng)alter“改變，更改”指部分更改，仍保留本質(zhì)和總體結(jié)構(gòu)；C選項(xiàng)transfer“(使)轉(zhuǎn)移，搬遷，(使)調(diào)動(dòng)”；D選項(xiàng)convey“表達(dá)，傳遞(思想、感情等)”。根據(jù)指theirwayofthinking可知選A。句意：她的父母想改變她的想法，所以他們?cè)噲D讓她轉(zhuǎn)變到他們的思維方式。

10.單選題

Wecan’thopetocompetewithotherbigcompanies（

）wehaveinferiorequipmentinourinstallationlinesandtrainingofourworkforce.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.nevertheless

B.unless

C.if

D.oncondition

【答案】C

【解析】考查連詞詞義和詞組辨析。nevertheless然而；不過(guò)；unless除非，如果不；if如果；即使；oncondition只要。根據(jù)前后句意推斷C項(xiàng)符合題意，答案C。句意：如果我們?cè)诎惭b線上的設(shè)備和職工培訓(xùn)方面是較差的，那么我們就不能指望去與其他大公司競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。

11.單選題

Freshwaterisafiniteandvulnerableresource,essentialtosustainlife,developmentandtheenvironment.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.likelytofail

B.likelytoaccumulate

C.likelytoimprove

D.likelytoenhance

【答案】A

【解析】考查上下文語(yǔ)義。A選項(xiàng)likelytofail“可能會(huì)失敗”；B選項(xiàng)likelytoaccumulate“可能會(huì)積累”；C選項(xiàng)likelytoimprove“可能會(huì)改善”；D選項(xiàng)likelytoenhance“可能會(huì)提高”。句意：淡水是有限和____的資源，對(duì)維持生命、發(fā)展和環(huán)境至關(guān)重要。根據(jù)句意，該詞形容的是“淡水資源”，說(shuō)明淡水的特性，A選項(xiàng)最符合語(yǔ)境，原文vulnerable“易受傷害的；脆弱的”。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為A。

12.單選題

Whilecrossingthemountainareas,allthemenhadgunsforprotectionlestthey（

）bythelocalbandits.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.beattacked

B.mustbeattacked

C.wereattacked

D.wouldbeattacked

【答案】A

【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。由“l(fā)est”引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ)從句，意思是“唯恐，以免”，與之有相同用法的還有“forfearthat/inorderthat/sothat”，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用(should/could/might)+動(dòng)詞原形。因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

13.單選題

Shouldyoubreaktheruleagainststaringatastrangeronanelevator,youwillmaketheotherperson（）uncomfortable,andyouarelikelytofeelabitstrangeyourself.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.opulently

B.excessively

C.consistently

D.exceedingly

【答案】D

【解析】考查副詞辨析。opulently“富裕地，豐裕地”；excessively“過(guò)分地，極度”,強(qiáng)調(diào)的是超過(guò)合理范圍的；consistently“一貫地，一致地”；exceedingly“極其，非?！保喈?dāng)于very。句意：如果你在電梯里盯著陌生人看，你會(huì)讓別人極其不舒服，并且你自己也會(huì)覺(jué)得很奇怪。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

14.翻譯題

大學(xué)之所以有理由存在，是因?yàn)樗估仙賰纱嗽诟挥谙胂罅Φ膶W(xué)習(xí)中，保持了知識(shí)與生活熱情之間的聯(lián)系。大學(xué)提供信息，但它是富于想象地提供信息。至少，這是它應(yīng)該為社會(huì)發(fā)揮的作用。一所大學(xué)如果做不到這一點(diǎn)，就沒(méi)有理由存在。富于想象的思維可以營(yíng)造出一種令人興奮的氛圍，而這種氛圍又可以轉(zhuǎn)化知識(shí)。事實(shí)不再只是純粹的事實(shí)，它被賦予了種種可能性。它不再是記憶的負(fù)擔(dān)，而是充滿活力，猶如能描繪我們夢(mèng)境的詩(shī)人，能實(shí)現(xiàn)我們意圖的建筑師。

【答案】Thejustificationforauniversityisthatitpreservestheconnectionbetweenknowledgeandthezestoflife,byunitingtheyoungandtheoldintheimaginativeconsiderationoflearning.Theuniversityimpartsinformation,butitimpartsitimaginatively.Atleast,thisisthefunctionwhichitshouldperformforsociety.Auniversitywhichfailsinthisrespecthasnoreasonforexistence.Thisatmosphereofexcitement,arisingfromimaginativeconsideration,transformsknowledge.Afactisnolongerabarefact:itisinvestedwithallitspossibilities.Itisnolongeraburdenonthememory:itisenergizingasthepoetofourdreams,andasthearchitectofourpurposes.

15.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

SoutheastAsiahasauniqueabundanceanddiversityofglidinganimals,flyingsquirrels,flyingfrogs,andflyinglizardswithwingsofskinthatenablethemtoglidethroughthetropicalforest.Whatcouldbetheexplanationforthegreatdiversityinthisregionandthescarcityofsuchanimalsinothertropicalforests?Glidinghasgenerallybeenviewedaseitherameansofescapingpredators,byallowinganimalstomovebetweentreeswithoutdescendingtotheground,orasanenergeticallyefficientwayoftravelinglongdistancesbetweenscatteredresources.ButwhatisspecialaboutSoutheastAsianrainforests?

ScientistshaveproposedvarioustheoriestoexplainthediversityofglidinganimalsinSoutheastAsia.Thefirsttheorymightbecalledthetall-treeshypothesis.TheforestsofSoutheastAsiaaretallerthanforestselsewhereduetothedominationofthedipterocarp(龍腦香料樹)family:afamilyoftall,tropicalhardwoodtrees.Tallertreescouldallowforlongerglidesandtheopportunitytobuildupspeedinadivebeforegliding.Thelowerwindspeedsintall-treeforestsmightalsocontributebyprovidingamoreadvantageoussituationforglidingbetweentrees.Thisargumenthasseveralflaws,however.First,glidinganimalsarefoundthroughouttheSoutheastAsianregion,eveninrelativelyshort-statureforestsfoundinthenorthernrangeoftherainforestinChina,Vietnam,andThailand.Someglidersalsothriveinlowsecondaryforests,plantations,andevencityparks.Clearly,glidinganimalsdonotrequiretalltreesfortheiractivities.Inaddition,manyglidinganimalsbegintheirglidesfromthemiddleoftreetrunks,notevenascendingtothetopsoftreestotakeoff.

Asecondtheory,whichwemightcallthebroken-foresthypothesis,speculatesthatthetoplayeroftheforest-thetreecanopyhasfewerwoodyvinesconnectingtreecrownsinSoutheastAsianforeststhaninNewWorldandAfricanforests.Asaresult,animalsmustriskdescendingtothegroundorglidetomovebetweentrees.Inaddition,thetreecanopyispresumedtobemoreuneveninheightinAsianforests,duetothepresenceofthetalldipterocarptreeswithlowertreesbetweenthem,againfavoringglidinganimals.Yetecologistswhoworkindifferentregionsoftheworldobservetremendouslocalvariationintreeheight,canopystructure,andabundanceofvines,dependingonthesiteconditionsofsoil,climate,slopeelevation,andlocaldisturbance.OnecanfindmanylocationsinSoutheastAsiawherethereareabundantwoodyvinesandnumerousconnectionsbetweentreesandsimilarlymanyAmazonianforestswithfewwoodyvines.

Afinaltheorydiffersfromtheothersinsuggestingthatitisthepresenceofdipterocarptreesthemselvesthatisdrivingtheevolutionofglidingspecies.(A)Accordingtothisview.Dipterocarpforestscanbefood-desertsfortheanimalsthatliveinthem.(B)Theanimalslivingindipterocarpforeststhathaveevolvedglidingconsistoftwomainfeedinggroups:leafeatersandcarnivoresthatcatsmallpreysuchasinsectsandsmallvertebrates.(C)Forleaf-eatinggliderstheproblemisnottheabsenceofanyleavesbutthedesert-likeabsenceofedibleleaves.Dipterocarptreesoftenaccountfor50percentormoreofthetotalnumberofcanopytreesinaforestandover95percentofthelargetrees,yetdipterocarpleavesareunavailabletomostvertebrateplanteatersbecauseofthehighconcentrationoftoxicchemicalsintheirleaves.(D)Manyspeciesofglidinganimalsavoideatingdipterocarpleavesandsomusttravelwidelythroughtheforest,bypassingthedipterocarptrees,tofindtheleavestheyneedtoeat.Andglidingisamoreefficientmanneroftravelingbetweentreesthandescendingtothegroundandwalkingorelsejumpingbetweentrees.

Manycarnivorousanimalsalsomayneedtosearchmorewidelyforfoodduetothelowerabundanceofinsectsandotherprey.Thisiscausedbydipterocarp’irregularfloweringandfruitingcyclesoftwo-toseven-yearintervals,causingascarcityoftheflowers,fruits,seeds,andseedlingsthatarethestartingpointofsomanyfoodchains.Thelowerabundanceofpreyindipterocarpforestsforcesanimalssuchaslizardsandgeckostomovebetweentreecrownsinsearchoffood,withglidingbeingthemostefficientmeans.

61.Accordingtoparagraph1,whatquestionaboutglidingspeciesareresearcherstryingtoanswer?

62.Accordingtoparagraph1,itisgenerallythoughtthattheabilitytoglideisusefultoforest-dwellingspeciesbecausegliding______.

63.Theword“scattered”inthepassageisclosestinmeaningto______.

64.Allofthefollowingarementionedinparagraph2insupportofthetall-treeshypothesisEXCFPT:______.

65.SelecttheTWOanswerchoicesthatpointtoflawsinthetall-treehypothesis,accordingtoparagraph2.Toreceivecredit,youmustSelectTWOanswers.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.WhyittookmillionsofyearsforglidinganimalstoevolveinthetropicalforestsofSoutheastAsia.

B.Whyglidinganimals,thoughrareinmosttropicalforests,haveevolvedinsomanydifferentfamiliesinSoutheastAsia.

C.WhyglidinganimalevolvedinmanytropicalforestsinSoutheastAsiabeforetheyevolvedinanyofthetropicalforestselsewhereintheworld.

D.Whyglidinganimalsevolvedonlyintropicalrainforests.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.allowsthemtoadapttoawidevarietyofforestconditions

B.eliminatestheneedtotravellongdistancesinsearchoffood

C.providesarapid,energy-efficientwayofdescendingfromthetopofatreetotheground

D.enablesthemtomovethroughtheforestwithoutbeingexposedtopredatorsontheground

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.hardtofind

B.seasonallyavailable

C.widelyseparated

D.highlyvaried

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Talltreesmakelongerglidespossible.

B.Talltreesmakebuildingupspeedinadivepossible.

C.Talltreesmakeglidingfromthemiddleoftreetrunkspossible.

D.Tall-treeforestshavelowerwindspeeds.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Manyglidinganimalsareunabletoascendtothetopsoftalltrees.

B.GlidinganimalsarenotevenlydistributedthroughouttheforestsoftheSoutheastAsianregion.

C.InSoutheastAsia,manyglidinganimalsarcfoundinplaceswheretreestendtoberelativelyshort.

D.Manyglidinganimalsbegintheirglidesfrompositionsmidwayupthetrunksoftrees.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:C、D

【解析】61.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。題干意思是“根據(jù)第一段，研究人員試圖回答關(guān)于滑翔物種的什么問(wèn)題？”。根據(jù)第一段中的一個(gè)問(wèn)題Whatcouldbetheexplanationforthegreatdiversityinthisregionandthescarcityofsuchanimalsinothertropicalforests?（如何解釋這一地區(qū)的物種多樣性和其他熱帶雨林中此類動(dòng)物的稀缺？），由此可推斷，文章第一段想要回答的內(nèi)容是：盡管其他熱帶雨林中滑翔動(dòng)物稀缺，但是為什么在東南亞熱帶雨林中會(huì)衍生出許多滑翔物種呢？故B項(xiàng)“為什么滑翔動(dòng)物，雖然在大多數(shù)熱帶森林很罕見(jiàn)，在東南亞有這么多不同的家族進(jìn)化”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“為什么滑翔動(dòng)物花了數(shù)百萬(wàn)年才在東南亞的熱帶森林中進(jìn)化”，第一段沒(méi)有提到滑翔物種進(jìn)化的時(shí)間；C項(xiàng)“為什么滑翔動(dòng)物在世界其他地方的熱帶森林中進(jìn)化之前就在東南亞的許多熱帶森林中進(jìn)化”表述與原文不符；D項(xiàng)“為什么滑翔動(dòng)物只在熱帶雨林中進(jìn)化”表述錯(cuò)誤，文章第一段指出的是滑翔動(dòng)物在大多數(shù)熱帶雨林中都稀缺。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

62.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“根據(jù)第一段，人們普遍認(rèn)為滑翔能力對(duì)居住在森林里的物種是有用的，因?yàn)榛琛薄８鶕?jù)第一段倒數(shù)第二句Glidinghasgenerallybeenviewedaseitherameansofescapingpredators,byallowinganimalstomovebetweentreeswithoutdescendingtotheground,orasanenergeticallyefficientwayoftravelinglongdistancesbetweenscatteredresources.（滑翔通常被認(rèn)為是一種躲避捕食者的方法，因?yàn)樗梢宰寗?dòng)物在樹間移動(dòng)而不會(huì)落到地面上，或者是一種在分散的資源之間進(jìn)行長(zhǎng)距離運(yùn)動(dòng)的高效能量的方式）可知，滑翔可以使動(dòng)物躲避捕食者，D項(xiàng)“使它們能夠在森林中穿行而不暴露于地面上的捕食者”正確。A項(xiàng)“允許它們適應(yīng)各種各樣的森林條件”沒(méi)有提及；B項(xiàng)“消除了長(zhǎng)途跋涉尋找食物的需要”和C項(xiàng)“提供了一個(gè)快速、節(jié)能的方式從樹的頂部下降到地面”不符合原文。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

63.語(yǔ)義推測(cè)題。題干意思是“‘scattered’一詞在文章中的意思最接近……”。scattered一詞出現(xiàn)在第一段第三句byallowinganimalstomovebetweentreeswithoutdescendingtotheground,orasanenergeticallyefficientwayoftravelinglongdistancesbetweenscatteredresources（讓動(dòng)物在樹間移動(dòng)而不會(huì)落到地面上，或者是一種在分散的資源之間進(jìn)行長(zhǎng)距離運(yùn)動(dòng)的高效能量的方式），scatter本義是“使分散，使散開(kāi)”；根據(jù)原文語(yǔ)境推斷，這里的意思是“滑翔作為一種省力有效的方式能夠使動(dòng)物在分散的叢林中長(zhǎng)途跋涉”，故C項(xiàng)“廣泛的分散”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“很難找到”、B項(xiàng)“季節(jié)性”和D項(xiàng)“高度多樣性”都不正確。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

64.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。題干意思是“在第二段中提到了所有支持‘高大樹木假說(shuō)’的內(nèi)容，除了……”。根據(jù)第二段第四句Tallertreescouldallowforlongerglidesandtheopportunitytobuildupspeedinadivebeforegliding.（樹木越高，滑翔的時(shí)間越長(zhǎng)，在滑翔之前就有機(jī)會(huì)提高速度）和第五句Thelowerwindspeedsintall-treeforestsmightalsocontributebyprovidingamoreadvantageoussituationforglidingbetweentrees.（高樹森林中較低的風(fēng)速也可能為樹木之間的滑翔提供了更有利的條件）可推斷，A項(xiàng)“高大的樹木使更長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的滑翔成為可能”、B項(xiàng)“高大的樹木使在俯沖中加速成為可能”和D項(xiàng)“高大的森林有較低的風(fēng)速”都是支持“高大樹木假說(shuō)”的內(nèi)容；在第二段最后兩句提到了“高大樹木假說(shuō)”的不足之處，Clearly,glidinganimalsdonotrequiretalltreesfortheiractivities.Inaddition,manyglidinganimalsbegintheirglidesfromthemiddleoftreetrunks,notevenascendingtothetopsoftreestotakeoff.（顯然，滑翔動(dòng)物的活動(dòng)不需要高大的樹木；此外，許多滑翔動(dòng)物從樹干中間開(kāi)始滑翔，甚至不爬到樹頂起飛），所以C項(xiàng)“高大的樹使從樹干中間滑行成為可能”是不支持“高大樹木假說(shuō)”。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

65.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。題干意思是“根據(jù)第二段，選擇兩項(xiàng)有關(guān)‘高大樹木假說(shuō)’這一理論的不足的描述；要獲得分，您必須選擇兩個(gè)答案”。根據(jù)題干定位到文章第二段，第二段后半部分講述了“高大樹木假說(shuō)”的不足：First,glidinganimalsarefoundthroughouttheSoutheastAsianregion,eveninrelativelyshort-statureforestsfoundinthenorthernrangeoftherainforestinChina,Vietnam,andThailand.Someglidersalsothriveinlowsecondaryforests,plantations,andevencityparks.Clearly,glidinganimalsdonotrequiretalltreesfortheiractivities.Inaddition,manyglidinganimalsbegintheirglidesfromthemiddleoftreetrunks,notevenascendingtothetopsoftreestotakeoff.（首先，整個(gè)東南亞地區(qū)都有滑翔動(dòng)物，甚至在中國(guó)、越南和泰國(guó)熱帶雨林北部的相對(duì)矮小的森林中也有。一些滑翔動(dòng)物也在低矮的次生林、種植園甚至城市公園中茁壯成長(zhǎng)。顯然，滑翔動(dòng)物的活動(dòng)不需要高大的樹木。此外，許多滑翔動(dòng)物從樹干中間開(kāi)始滑翔，甚至不爬到樹頂起飛。）由此可得出這一不足之處有兩點(diǎn)：第一是在東南亞地區(qū)許多滑翔動(dòng)物被發(fā)現(xiàn)生活在樹木相對(duì)較矮的叢林里，第二是許多滑翔動(dòng)物不一定爬到樹木的頂端開(kāi)始滑翔，有些也可以從樹木的樹干中間位置開(kāi)始滑翔。故C項(xiàng)“在東南亞，許多滑翔動(dòng)物在樹木相對(duì)較矮的地方被發(fā)現(xiàn)”和D項(xiàng)“許多滑翔動(dòng)物從樹干中間的位置開(kāi)始滑翔”是正確的。A項(xiàng)“許多能滑翔的動(dòng)物不能爬到高高的樹頂”，第二段沒(méi)有提到滑翔動(dòng)物不能爬到高高的樹頂，這是無(wú)中生有；B項(xiàng)“滑翔動(dòng)物在東南亞地區(qū)的森林中分布不均勻”，這與原文不符，原文提到“整個(gè)東南亞地區(qū)都有滑翔動(dòng)物”。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)正確。

16.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Althoughmanycompaniesoffertuitionreimbursement(返還),mostcompaniesonlyreimburseemployeesforclassesthatarerelevanttotheirposition.Thisisaverylimitingpolicy.Acompanythatreimbursesemployeesforallcollegecreditcourses—whetherjobrelatedornot—offersaservicenotonlytotheemployees,buttotheentirecompany.

Onegoodreasonforgivingemployeesunconditionaltuitionreimbursementisthatitshowsthecompany’sdedicationtoitsemployees.Intoday’seconomy,wherejobsecurityisathingofthepastandemployeesfeelmoreandmoreexpendableitisimportantforacompanytodemonstratetoitsemployeesthatitcares.Thebestwaytodothisiswithconcreteinvestmentsinthem.

Inturn,thisdedicationtothebettermentofcompanyemployeeswillcreategreateremployeeloyalty.Acompanythatputsoutfundstopayfortheeducationofitsemployeeswillgetitsmoneybackbyhavingemployeesstaywiththecompanylonger.Itwillreduceemployeeturnover(流動(dòng)),becauseevenemployeeswhodon’ttakeadvantageofthetuitionreimbursementprogramwillbemoreloyaltotheircompanyjustknowingthattheircompanycaresenoughtopayfortheireducation.

Mostimportantly,thecompanythathasanunrestrictedtuitionreimbursementprogramwillhavehigherqualityemployees.Althoughthesecompaniesdoindeedruntheriskoflosingmoneyonemployeeswhogoontoanotherjobinadifferentcompanyassoonastheygettheirdegree,moreoftenthannot,theemployeewillstaywiththecompany.Andevenifemployeesdoleaveaftergraduation,itgenerallytakesseveralyearstocompleteanydegreeprogram.Thus,eveniftheemployeeleavesupongraduating,throughoutthoseyears,theemployerwillhaveamoresophisticated;moreintelligent,andthereforemorevaluableandproductiveemployee.Andiftheemployeestays,thateducationwilldoublybenefitthecompany:Notonlyistheemployeemoreeducated,butnowthatemployeecanbepromotedsothecompanydoesn’thavetofillahigh-levelvacancyfromtheoutside.Openpositionscanbefilledbypeoplewhoalreadyknowthecompanywell.

Thoughunconditionaltuitionreimbursementrequiresasignificantinvestmentontheemployer’spart,itisperhapsoneofthewisestinvestmentsacompanycanmake.

1.Ascanbelearnedfromthepassage,tuitionreimbursementmeansthat________.

2.Accordingtothepassage,unconditionaltuitionreimbursementisgoodforwhichofthefollowingreasons?

3.Thepassagesuggeststhat,comparedtoemployeesofcompaniesthatofferunconditionaltuitionreimbursement,employeesofcompaniesthatdonotofferthisbenefitare________.

4.Themainideaofthepassageisthat________.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.companiesprovidefreeeducationprogramsfortheiremployees

B.companiespayfortheeducationoftheiremployees’offspring

C.employeescangeteducationfinancedbytheiremployer

D.employeescangeteducationiftheypromisenottoquit

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Employeesgetacheapereducation.

B.Employeesbecomemorevaluable.

C.Employeescanchangetheirjobs.

D.Employeesbecomemoredutiful.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.lessloyal

B.morelikelytobedismissed

C.notassmart

D.moredifficulttomanage

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.companiesshouldreimburseemployeesforwork-relatedcourses

B.bothcompaniesandemployeeswouldbenefitfromunconditionaltuitionreimbursement

C.companiesshouldrequiretheiremployeestotakecollegecourses

D.bothcompaniesandemployeesshouldbecommittedtoachievingthesamegoal

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:B

【解析】第1題:推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干定位到第三段第二句Acompanythatputsoutfundstopayfortheeducationofitsemployeeswillgetitsmoneybackbyhavingemployeesstaywiththecompanylonger.（一個(gè)為員工提供教育資金的公司可以通過(guò)讓員工在公司呆更長(zhǎng)時(shí)間來(lái)收回資金。）答案選C“雇員得到教育可以從雇主那得到資金支持”。A選項(xiàng)“公司為雇員提供免費(fèi)的教育計(jì)劃”；B選項(xiàng)“公司為員工的后代教育付錢”；D選項(xiàng)“員工保證不辭職的話，雇員就能得到教育”不符合題意。

第2題:推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干定位到第三段第一句Inturn,thisdedicationtothebettermentofcompanyemployeeswillcreategreateremployeeloyalty.（反過(guò)來(lái)，這種對(duì)改善公司員工的奉獻(xiàn)將創(chuàng)造更大的員工忠誠(chéng)度。）由此可以推斷答案選D“員工變得更加本分”。A選項(xiàng)“員工會(huì)獲得便宜的教育”；B選項(xiàng)“員工變得更加有價(jià)值”；C選項(xiàng)“員工會(huì)換自己的工作”這些都不符合題意。

第3題:推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干定位第三段第二句話Itwillreduceemployeeturnover（流動(dòng)），becauseevenemployeeswhodon’ttakeadvantageofthetuitionreimbursementprogramwillbemoreloyaltotheircompanyjustknowingthattheircompanycaresenoughtopayfortheireducation.（這將減少員工流動(dòng)率，因?yàn)榧词故菃T工不利用學(xué)費(fèi)報(bào)銷計(jì)劃也會(huì)更忠于自己的公司就因?yàn)樗麄冎拦娟P(guān)心他們的教育。）所以答案選A“更不忠誠(chéng)”；B選項(xiàng)“更可能被解雇”；C選項(xiàng)“沒(méi)那么聰明”；D選項(xiàng)“更難以掌控”不符合題意。

第4題:主旨大意題。整篇文章都是在說(shuō)公司為學(xué)員付學(xué)費(fèi)的好處，而且從文章最后一段這里可以知道，作者在說(shuō)服公司為員工提供免費(fèi)的學(xué)習(xí)計(jì)劃，選項(xiàng)B“公司和員工都將受益于無(wú)條件的學(xué)費(fèi)報(bào)銷”正確。A選項(xiàng)“公司應(yīng)該為員工報(bào)銷與工作相關(guān)的課程”，沒(méi)有明顯的詞語(yǔ)勸說(shuō)公司這樣做，所以排除；C選項(xiàng)“公司應(yīng)該要求他們的員工參加大學(xué)課程”；D選項(xiàng)“公司和員工都應(yīng)該致力于實(shí)現(xiàn)同一個(gè)目標(biāo)”排除。

17.單選題

Itwasn'tuntilthelate19thcenturythatphysiciansrealizedthatits_______symptomswereallpartofthesamedisease.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.perfunctory

B.peremptory

C.perplexing

D.perambulatory

【答案】C

【解析】perfunctory敷衍的;peremptory強(qiáng)制的,專橫的;perplexing復(fù)雜的,令人困惑的;perambulatory巡視的。句意：直到19世紀(jì)末,醫(yī)生們才意識(shí)到,這些令人費(fèi)解的癥狀都是同一種疾病的一部分。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

18.單選題

Peoplearegettingabetterideaoftheneedtoprotect（

）propertyrights.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.knowledge

B.intelligence

C.intellectual

D.learning

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。intellectualproperty意為“知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)”。

句意：人們?cè)絹?lái)越了解到保護(hù)知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)的必要性。

19.單選題

Publicspeakingfillsmostpeoplewithdread.Humiliationisthegreatestfear;self-exposureandfailingtoappealtotheaudiencecomeaclosesecond.Womenhateitmost,sincegirlsarepressurizedfromanearlyagetobeconcernedwithappearancesofallkinds.

Mostpeoplehaveplentyofinsecurities,andthisseemslikeasituationthatwillbringthemout.Ifyouwereunderpressuretobeperfect,youareterrifiedoffallinginthemostpublicofways.

Extroverts,onthecontrary,willfeellessfearbeforetheordeal.Itdoesnotmeantheywillnecessarilydoitbetter.Someveryshypeoplemanagetoshine.WhenImettheBritishcomedianJulianClary,hewasshyandcautious,yethisTVperformancesareperfect.

Infact,personalityisnotthebestpredictorofwhodoesitwell.Regardlessofwhatyouarelikeinreallife,thekeyseemstobetoactyourself.

Actualacting,asinperformingthescriptedlinesofacharacterotherthanyourself,doesnotdothejob.Whilepoliticiansmaylimitdamagebyhavingcarefullyrehearsed,writtenscriptstospeakfrom,thereisalwaysahiddenawarenessamongtheaudiencethatthewordsmightnotbetrue.

Likewise,theincrediblyperfectspeechesofmanyAmericanacademicsarefarfromnatural.Youmayendupbuyingtheirbookonthewayout,butsoonafterwards,itismuchlikefastfood,andyougetanamelesssensethatyou’vebeencheated.

Although,asEarlSpencerprovedathissisterPrincessDiana’sfuneral,itispossiblebothtoprepareeverywordandtoactnaturally.Ascriptrarelyworksanditisusedtohelpmostspeakers.

But,beingyourselfdoesn’tworkeither.Ifyouspokeasifyouwereinyourownkitchen,itwouldbetooauthentic,toounawareoftheneedtocommunicatewithanaudience.

IremembergoingtoseeBritishpsychiatristR.D.Laingspeakinpublic.Hebehavedlikeaseriouslyoddperson,talkingoffthetopofhishead.Althoughhewastalkingaboutmadnessandhewroteonmentalillness,heseemedtobeexhibitingratherthanexplainingit.

Thebestpsychologicalplacefromwhichtospeakisanunselfconsciousself-consciousness,providingtheillusionofbeingnatural.Studiessuggestthatthisstateof“flow”,aspsychologistscallit,isverysatisfying.

1.Womenhatepublicspeakingmostmainlybecauseof（）.

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheauthor’sviewpoint?

3.Whatistheauthor’sviewonpersonality?

4.Inthelastparagraphtheauthorrecommendsthat（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.theirupbringingveryearlyon

B.theirinabilitytoappealtotheaudience

C.theirsense