考研考博-英語(yǔ)-寧夏葡萄酒與防沙治沙職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-寧夏葡萄酒與防沙治沙職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.翻譯題

2010年頭5個(gè)月，通用汽車公司在華銷量超過(guò)100萬(wàn)輛，提前完成了當(dāng)年200萬(wàn)輛目標(biāo)的一半。西門子計(jì)劃未來(lái)三年在華投資10億歐元（合12.9億美元），而2011年之前，大眾已在華追加16億歐元的投資。截至2013年5月底，在華注冊(cè)外資企業(yè)數(shù)量累計(jì)近69萬(wàn)家，實(shí)際利用外資總額超過(guò)了1萬(wàn)億美元?！妒澜缡瞧降摹芬粫淖髡咄旭R斯?弗里德曼，以及曾在美國(guó)總統(tǒng)比爾?克林頓時(shí)期擔(dān)任商務(wù)部副部長(zhǎng)的羅伯特?夏皮羅等眾多專家均高度肯定中國(guó)的對(duì)外開放。

(參考詞匯：aheadofschedule;Siemens;Volkswagen;actually-utilizedforeigninvestment;deputysecretary)

【答案】

Inthefirstfivemonthsof2010,GeneralMotorssoldmorethanlmillionvehiclesinChina,meetinghalfofits2010targetof2millionaheadofschedule.Siemenswillinvest€1billion($1.29billion)inthenextthreeyears,withVolkswagenadding€1.6billionby2011.BytheendofMay2013,therehadbeen690,000registeredforeigncompaniesinChina,investingmorethan$ltrillion.WriterssuchasThomasFriedman,authorofTheWorldIsFlat,andRobertShapiro,formerUSundersecretaryofcommerceunderPresidentBillClinton,havespokenhighlyofoureffortstoopenup.

2.單選題

Itwillbesafertowalkthestreetsbecausepeoplewillnotneedtocarrylargeamountsofcash.Virtuallyallfinancial（

）willbeconductedbycomputer.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.transactions

B.transmissions

C.transitions

D.transformations

【答案】A

【解析】考查形近詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)transaction“業(yè)務(wù)，交易”；B選項(xiàng)transmission“傳送，傳播”；C選項(xiàng)transition“過(guò)渡，轉(zhuǎn)變，變遷”；D選項(xiàng)transformation“變化，改觀，轉(zhuǎn)變”。根據(jù)financial（財(cái)政的，金融的）可知A選項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。句意：由于人們不需要攜帶大量現(xiàn)金，走在街上會(huì)更安全，幾乎所有的金融交易都將由計(jì)算機(jī)進(jìn)行。

3.單選題

Wemust（）theproblemofpovertyassoonaspossible.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.abolish

B.tackle

C.remove

D.encounter

【答案】B

【解析】abolish廢除；tackle解決,

處理,

對(duì)付；remove移除；encounter遭遇,

邂逅。句意：我們必須盡快處理貧困問(wèn)題。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

4.單選題

Thetenantmustbepreparedtodecoratetheproperty（）thetermsoftheagreement.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.bywayof

B.inaccordancewith

C.withregardto

D.inrelationto

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。bywayof“經(jīng)由”；inaccordancewith“依照，與…一致”；withregardto“關(guān)于，至于”；inrelationto“關(guān)于，涉及”。句意：承租人必須（）協(xié)議條款來(lái)準(zhǔn)備裝修房屋。只有B項(xiàng)符合句意，表示根據(jù)協(xié)議條款來(lái)裝修房屋。

5.單選題

WithtrafficconstantlyontheincreaseinthestreetsofBeijing,themetroisthebestwaytogetaroundthecityduringrushhours，howeverthecrowdsinthemetrotrainsarenowalsoa

problem.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.getaroundthecity

B.constantlyontheincrease

C.getaroundthecity

D.hours，however

E.沒(méi)有錯(cuò)誤

【答案】D

【解析】句子連接錯(cuò)誤。however后面加逗號(hào)。however在句子中表示"然而",表示轉(zhuǎn)折時(shí),通常用逗號(hào)與句子其他成分隔開。

6.單選題

HadJudybeenmorecarefulonthemath’sexam,she（）muchbetterresultsnow.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.wouldbegetting

B.couldhavegot

C.mustget

D.wouldget

【答案】D

【解析】句意:如果朱迪在數(shù)學(xué)考試中更加細(xì)心，那么，她現(xiàn)在就會(huì)得到更好的結(jié)果。

語(yǔ)法題?？疾殄e(cuò)綜復(fù)雜虛擬語(yǔ)氣。前半句是省略了if的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，是對(duì)過(guò)去事實(shí)的虛擬，但是，后半句中表現(xiàn)出了時(shí)間“now現(xiàn)在”，故主句應(yīng)該是對(duì)現(xiàn)在事實(shí)的虛擬，則用“would/should+動(dòng)詞原形”。

7.寫作題

Inthispart,youarerequiredtowriteanessayofnolessthan200wordsonWhatMadeLiNaSuchaGreatTennisPlayer?Theessayshouldbebasedontheoutlinebelow:

1.SomepeoplemaintainthatLi’ssuccesshasentirelyreliedonherownhardwork;

2.Othersholdtheviewthatthestate-runsportssystemhaslaidasolidfoundationforhertoflyalone;

3.Youropinions.

【答案】WhatMadeLiNaSuchaGreatTennisPlayer?

Asisknowntoall,LiNaisthemostincredibletennisplayerinChina.Uptonow,shehasgotfoursingletitlesandtwodoubletitlesofWTA,andwhat’smore,sheisthefirstChineseplayerwhohasgotthesingletitleduringtheWTAtour.Besides,sheisthefirsttop-tenplayerinChinawhohasgotNo.7sofar.

WhenitcomestoLiNa’sathleticachievements,peoplecannothelpaskingsuchaquestion:WhatMadeLiNaSuchaGreatTennisPlayer?

AccordingtoarecentinvestigationconductedbyasportingorganizationinChina,43.6percentofrespondentsholdtheviewthatLiNa,ssuccessreliescompletelyonherownhardwork.Whenshewasonlysixyearsold,shebegantopractiseplayingtennis.Duetoherarduoustrainingonthesportsground,shebecameaprofessionalplayer.Asshewasnotusedtothetrainingstyleinthestate-runsportssystem,shebrokeawayfromthestate-runsportssystemandbegantoflyalone.

However,56.4percentofrespondentsarguethatthestate-runsportssystemhaslaidasolidfoundationforhertoflyalone.Herfellowplayershadtheirstricttrainingwithherandbecameherrivals.IfithadnotbeenforLiNa’spastexperienceinthestate-runsportssystem,shecouldnothavebeenasuccessfulplayerandshecouldnothaveflownalonelateron.

Inmyopinion,LiNa’shardworkandherflyingalonearethetwoindispensableelementsofhersuccess.Bothelementsarecomplementary.It’shardtoimagineherflyingalonewithouthardworkwithinthestate-runsportssystemorherhardworkwithinthissystemwithoutflyingalone.

8.單選題

Ifanyofthesesymptoms（

）whileyouaretakingthemedicine,consultyourdoctorimmediately.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.establish

B.represent

C.perform

D.occur

【答案】D

【解析】考察動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。establish“建立;創(chuàng)立”；represent“代表；表現(xiàn)”；perform“表演；執(zhí)行：完成”；occur“發(fā)生”。句意：如果用藥期間出現(xiàn)上述癥狀，請(qǐng)立刻咨詢醫(yī)生。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

9.翻譯題

MacroeconomicPolicy

IftheGreatDepressionsparkedtheformulizationofmacroeconomicpolicy,thecurrentGlobalFinancialAndEconomicCrisisiswritingthenextchapterHadtherebeenapolicyinventoryfortheGreatDepression,providingtheopportunitytoobservetherangeofpoliciesfollowed,therangeofcountriesimplementingthesepolicies,andtherangeoftheimpact,formalizationoflessonslearnedintheformofmacroeconomictheorywouldhavetokenplacemoreeasilyandmoreconsistentlybybeingabletoseethelargerpicture.Thisthenshouldbethemodestgoalofpolicyinventory——totrytocapturethewhole,theglobalmacropracticesacross77countries,toaidformalizationofmacroeconomicpracticeandtheory.Whatisnotcoveredadequatelybythepolicyinventoryatthemacrolevelisimpact,forwhichamoredetailedfollow-upstudyisrecommended.

Asaresultoftheneedforatrulyglobalviewoftheproblem,thissurveyhasobservedtheentiresampleofcountries,dividingthesampleintotwocategories:high-incomecountries,andlow-andmiddle-incomecountries.Threeparticularityimportantfactorsinthepolicyinventorycanbeusedtoanalyzethepolicyresponsesutilizedduringthecrisisyears.

【答案】宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策

如果大蕭條引發(fā)了宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策的制定，那么在存在一個(gè)庫(kù)存策略的前提下，目前的全球金融和經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)將會(huì)使大蕭條進(jìn)入一個(gè)新的階段，使我們能夠有機(jī)會(huì)觀察由此帶來(lái)的政策相關(guān)的范圍，包括國(guó)家實(shí)施這些政策的范圍和影響范圍，由于能夠看到更宏觀的藍(lán)圖，在宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)理論中學(xué)到的形式的經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)將更容易，更一致的發(fā)生。這應(yīng)該是政策庫(kù)存的適度目標(biāo)，試圖掌握77個(gè)國(guó)家的全球宏觀實(shí)踐，以幫助宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)踐和理論的形式化。在宏觀層面上，政策庫(kù)存的影響沒(méi)有充分覆蓋，對(duì)于這種影響，后續(xù)有一個(gè)更詳細(xì)的研究建議。

由于需要真正全面地看待這一問(wèn)題，這項(xiàng)調(diào)查觀察了整個(gè)國(guó)家的樣本，將樣本分為兩類：高收入國(guó)家和中低收入國(guó)家。庫(kù)存策略中的三個(gè)特別重要的因素可以用來(lái)分析危機(jī)期間的政策反應(yīng)。

10.單選題

ThesenatorofNewYorkcourtedblackvoters,consideredcrucialto_______theDemocraticpresidentialnomination,inaseriesofcampaignstops.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.confining

B.securing

C.tampering

D.pervading

【答案】B

【解析】confine限制;secure保護(hù),固定;tamper干預(yù),削弱;pervade遍及。句意：這位來(lái)自紐約的參議員在一系列競(jìng)選活動(dòng)中設(shè)法爭(zhēng)取黑人選民的支持,黑人選民被認(rèn)為是確保民主黨總統(tǒng)候選人提名的關(guān)鍵。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

11.單選題

Hisillnessfirst（）itselfasseverestomachpainsandheadaches.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.expressed

B.manifested

C.reflected

D.displayed

【答案】B

【解析】句意:他的病最初表癥為胃痛和頭痛。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。express表達(dá)；manifest表癥，顯現(xiàn)；reflect反應(yīng)；display展示。根據(jù)胃痛和頭痛可知，B項(xiàng)符合句意。

12.單選題

Japanisgoingthroughacomplexnationalidentitycrisis.Thatmaybenobadthing,saysanewbookbyanAmericanacademicJapanologist.Theeconomyisstalled,butthesocietyisinmotion.Japanisadifficultcountrytoreportonandanalyzebecausethingsdonotchangeinbig,noticeableways;theychangeinanincrementalprocess,generallyofsmallstepsbutwhich,overtime,canadduptobigmovements.Andjustsuchabigmovementseemstobetakingplace.

Mr.Nathan,aprofessorofJapaneseculturalstudies,hasbeenobservingJapansincethe1960s.Whereasmostpeoplelookateconomicdataorthecomingsandgoingsofprimeministers,heismoreinterestedinschools,novels,comicbooks,andthemindsofyoungentrepreneursandmavericklocalpoliticians.Inparticular,hisfocusisonwhetherJapan’sfamouslycohesive,conformistsocietymaybefracturingunderthestrainofeconomicstagnation,andonhowsuchstrainshavebeenaffectingthecountry’ssenseofpurposeandofnationalidentity.

Fracturesarewhathelooksforandfracturesarewhathefinds.Onbalance,theyareneitherobviouslydangerousnorobviouslypositive,buttheyare,ashesays,signsofmotionwhichcould,intime,leadinunpredictabledirections.Themostworryingfractureshewritesaboutareintheschools,whereviolenceandtruancyhaverisenremarkably.OldJapanhandsshrugwearilyatsuchthings,forworriesaboutbullyinghavelongexistedbuthaveneverreallyseemedterriblyserious.Now,though,Mr.Nathan’snumbersdomakethesituationlookgrave.

Since1998,youthsagedbetween14and19havebeeninvolvedin50%ofallarrestsforfelonies,includingmurder.Truancyisalsointheup.Mr.Nathanassertsthatthetruenumberis350,000children,or5%ofthestudentpopulation.

Suchtrendsappeartobesymptomsoftworelatedphenomena:awidespreadfeelingofdisillusionment,alienation,uncertaintyorplainanger,whichhasspreadtochildrentoo;andagradualbreakdownofoldsystemsofdiscipline—partfamilial,partsocial,partlegal一whichappeartopreventschoolsandparentsfromdealingeffectivelywitherrantchildren.

Japanis,inshort,passingthroughanationalidentitycrisis.Thereareplentyofpositiveaspectstoittoo,however.Oneisaconsiderableincreaseinthenumberofactualorbuddingyoungentrepreneurs,atrendespeciallyvisibleinthewillingnessofhigh-flyerstoleavegood,safejobsinordertosetuptheirownfirms.Thenumbersremainmodest,butareneverthelesssurprisinglyhighgiventhestateoftheeconomyinrecentyears.Anotherisaneweagernessamongpopularwritersandmaverickpoliticianstotrytodefineandencourageanewnationalpride.

1.WhatcharacterizesthesocialchangesinJapanesesocietyisthat（

）.

2.Itisimpliedinthesecondparagraphthat（

）.

3.SchoolviolenceandtruancyinJapanseemtobe（

）.

4.ThereasonbehindschoolviolenceandtruancyinJapanseemstobethat（

）.

5.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.theyareoftenaccompaniedbyanationalidentitycrisis

B.theyoftentakeplaceinmajorscalebutendupinsmalleffect

C.theyoftenhappenhumblywhileproducinghugeaccumulativeconsequences

D.theyoftentakeplacewithoutbeinganalyzedandreportedduetotheircomplexity

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Japanisundergoingaseriouspoliticalinstability

B.astaticeconomymighthaveanegativeinfluenceonsociety

C.mostpeopleinJapanareunderseverementalstrain

D.manypeoplesufferfromafractureduetotheirjobpressure

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.tiringJapaneseparentsupforalongtime

B.notasseriousasmostJapanesehaveimagined

C.quicklyontheincreaseespeciallyinrecentyears

D.obviouslyendangeringthesafetyofJapanesestudents

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.schoolandparentsdonotwanttodealwitherrantchildreneffectively

B.economicstagnationhasreducedparents'timetocommunicatewiththeirchildren

C.youthsbullyinghasalreadybecomeapopularpracticeforstudentsandtheyfinditexciting

D.childrenareinfectedwithproblemintheadultworldandrulesarenotstrictenough

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.SolutionstoYouthsCrimesinJapan.

B.TheJapaneseNationalIdentityCrisis

C.SchoolViolenceandTruancyinJapan.

D.EconomicandSocialChangesinJapan.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.推斷題。第一段：...Japanisadifficultcountrytoreportonandanalyzebecausethingsdonotchangeinbig,noticeableways(其實(shí)很難報(bào)道日本和分析日本，因?yàn)樵谌毡?，事情不是以大?guī)模以及人們可以注意得到的方式發(fā)生變化的)。由此推測(cè)C項(xiàng)(通常不起眼地發(fā)生，但也會(huì)因累積而產(chǎn)生巨大的后果)正確。

2.推斷題。第二段：Inparticular,hisfocusisonwhetherJapan’sfamously

cohesive,conformistsocietymaybefracturingunderthestrainofeconomicstagnation,andonhowsuchstrainshavebeenaffectingthecountry'ssenseofpurposeandofnationalidentity.他關(guān)注的重點(diǎn)在...日本社會(huì)是否在經(jīng)濟(jì)停滯的壓力下產(chǎn)生裂痕，以及這種壓力是怎樣影響國(guó)家的宗旨和國(guó)家特征的?？芍琋athan要研究的就是日本經(jīng)濟(jì)停滯是否造成社會(huì)裂痕。故選B(停滯的經(jīng)濟(jì)可能對(duì)社會(huì)產(chǎn)生消極影響)。

3.細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Schoolviolenceandtruancy定位至第三段:Themostworryingfractureshewritesaboutareintheschools,whereviolenceandtruancyhaverisenremarkably.OldJapanhandsshrugwearilyatsuchthings,forworriesaboutbullyinghavelongexistedbuthaveneverreallyseemedterriblyserious(他有寫到最令人擔(dān)憂的裂痕是在學(xué)校，那里的暴力和曠課現(xiàn)象會(huì)顯著增加。日本家長(zhǎng)對(duì)這些事情疲倦地聳聳肩，因?yàn)閷?duì)欺凌的擔(dān)心由來(lái)已久，但似乎并沒(méi)有那么嚴(yán)重)。故A:使日本家長(zhǎng)們疲憊很久了。為正確答案。

4.推斷題。第五段:Suchtrendsappeartobesymptomsoftworelatedphenomena:awidespreadfeelingofdisillusionment,alienation,uncertaintyorplainanger,whichhasspreadtochildrentoo;andagradualbreakdownofoldsystemsofdiscipline(這種趨勢(shì)似乎是兩種相關(guān)現(xiàn)象的癥狀：一種普遍的幻滅感、疏離感、不確定感或明顯的憤怒感，這種情緒也蔓延到了兒童身上；一種是舊的紀(jì)律體系逐漸瓦解),由此可知,D項(xiàng)(成人的問(wèn)題影響了孩子，而且規(guī)則也不夠嚴(yán)格)正確。

5.主旨大意題。全文主要是談?wù)撊毡窘?jīng)濟(jì)停滯對(duì)社會(huì)造成的問(wèn)題。但是作者認(rèn)為日本國(guó)民認(rèn)同危機(jī)是有利有弊。

13.單選題

Doyouthinkthisjacketandtrouserswill______asuit?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.passoff

B.passover

C.passup

D.passfor

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。passoff“停止”；passover“忽略”；passup“升起，拒絕”；passfor“被認(rèn)為，當(dāng)作”。句意：你認(rèn)為這件夾克和褲子可以看作是一套嗎？選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

14.單選題

Theideathatsomegroupsofpeoplemaybemoreintelligentthanothersisoneofthosehypothesesthatdarenotspeakitsname.ButGregoryCochranis（1）tosayitanyway.Heisthat

（2）

bird,ascientistwhoworksindependently

（3）

anyinstitution.Hehelpedpopularizetheideathatsomediseasesnot

（4）thoughttohaveabacterialcausewereactuallyinfections,whicharousedmuchcontroversywhenitwasfirstsuggested.

Evenhe,however,mighttrembleatthe

（5）

ofwhatheisabouttodo.Togetherwithanothertwoscientists,heispublishingapaperwhichnotonly

（6）

thatonegroupofhumanityismoreintelligentthantheothers,butexplainstheprocessthathasbroughtthisabout.Thegroupin

（7）

areaparticularpeopleoriginatedfromcentralEurope.Theprocessisnaturalselection.

ThisgroupgenerallydowellinIQtest,scoring12-15pointsabovethe

（8）

valueof100,andhavecontributeddisproportionatelytotheintellectualandculturallifeoftheWest,asthe

（9）

oftheirelites,includingseveralworld-renownedscientists,affirmtheyalsosuffermoreoftenthanmostpeoplefromanumberofnastygeneticdiseases,suchasbreastcancer.Thesefacts,

（10）

havepreviouslybeenthoughtunrelated.Theformerhasbeen

（11）

socialeffects,suchasastrongtraditionofvaluingeducation.Thelatterwasseenasa(n)

（12）

ofgeneticisolation.Dr.Cochransuggeststhattheintelligenceanddiseasesareintimately（13）

.Hisargumentisthattheunusualhistoryofthesepeoplehas

（14）

themtouniqueevolutionarypressuresthathaveresultedinthis

（15）

stateofaffairs.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.selected

B.prepared

C.obliged

D.pleased

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.unique

B.particular

C.special

D.rare

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.of

B.with

C.in

D.against

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.subsequently

B.presently

C.previously

D.lately

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.thought

B.sight

C.cost

D.risk

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.advises

B.suggests

C.protests

D.objects

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.progress

B.fact

C.need

D.question

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.normal

B.common

C.mean

D.total

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.missions

B.fortunes

C.interests

D.careers

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.moreover

B.therefore

C.however

D.meanwhile

問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)

A.givenup

B.gotover

C.carriedon

D.getdown

問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)

A.development

B.origin

C.consequence

D.instrument

問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)

A.linked

B.integrated

C.woven

D.combined

問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)

A.limited

B.subjected

C.converted

D.directed

問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)

A.paradoxical

B.incompatible

C.inevitable

D.continuous

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:A

第6題:B

第7題:D

第8題:C

第9題:D

第10題:C

第11題:C

第12題:C

第13題:A

第14題:B

第15題:A

【解析】第1題:考查固定搭配?？崭裉幥懊嬉痪涮岬健坝行┤丝赡鼙绕渌寺斆鳎@種觀點(diǎn)是一種不敢冠之以名的假設(shè)”，由“but”這個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折詞可知GregoryCochran打算就這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)闡述自己的道理，bepreparedto是固定搭配，意思是“準(zhǔn)備做……”，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

第2題:考查固定搭配。Rarebird是固定搭配，意思是“稀有之人或物”。根據(jù)后文“ascientistwhoworksindependently”（一個(gè)獨(dú)自工作的科學(xué)家），可知選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

第3題:考查固定搭配。Independentlyofsth.的意思是“獨(dú)立于……之外”。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

第4題:考查副詞詞義辨析。subsequently“隨后，后來(lái)”；presently“目前；不久”；previously“先前，以前”；lately“最近，近來(lái)”?？崭裉幩诰渥拥拇笠馐牵核麕椭占傲艘环N觀點(diǎn)，即以前被認(rèn)為不是由細(xì)菌引起的疾病實(shí)際上是感染，這在最初提出來(lái)的時(shí)候受到很大爭(zhēng)議。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

第5題:考查詞組辨析。atthethoughtof“一想到……”；atthesightof“一看見(jiàn)……”；atthecostof“以……為代價(jià)”；attheriskof“冒著……的危險(xiǎn)”?？崭裉幩诰渥拥拇笠馐牵喝欢词故撬?，在想到他接下來(lái)要做的事情也會(huì)發(fā)抖。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

第6題:考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。advise“建議，勸告”；suggest“提議，建議”；protest“抗議”；object“反對(duì)”。空格處所在句子的大意是：與另外兩位科學(xué)家一起，他正在寫一篇論文，文中不僅提出人類中有一群人比其他人更聰明，而且解釋了為什么會(huì)這樣。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

第7題:考查詞組辨析。inprogress“正在進(jìn)行，在發(fā)展中”；infact“事實(shí)上”；inneed“在危難中，在窮困中的”；inquestion“正在討論中的”。空格處所在句子的大意是：文中正在討論的民族來(lái)源于中歐。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

第8題:考查形容詞詞義辨析。normal“正常的”；common“共同的，普通的”；mean“平均的”；total“全部的”?？崭裉幩诰渥拥拇笠馐牵哼@個(gè)人群在IQ測(cè)試中表現(xiàn)很好，得分高于平均水平12-15分。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

第9題:考查名詞詞義辨析。mission“使命，任務(wù)”；fortune“財(cái)富，運(yùn)氣”；interest“興趣”；career“職業(yè)”。根據(jù)后面的“includingseveralworld-renownedscientists”可知空格處說(shuō)的是“職業(yè)”，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

第10題:考查邏輯關(guān)系。根據(jù)后面的“曾經(jīng)被認(rèn)為是沒(méi)有關(guān)聯(lián)的”（havepreviouslybeenthoughtunrelated），與前面“他們更容易患像乳腺癌這樣的疾病”形成轉(zhuǎn)折，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

第11題:考查詞組辨析。giveup“放棄”；getover“克服，恢復(fù)”；carryon“繼續(xù)”；getdown“下來(lái)，吞下”?？崭裉幩诰渥拥拇笠馐牵呵罢呃^續(xù)產(chǎn)生社會(huì)影響，比如重視教育的傳統(tǒng)。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

第12題:考查名詞詞義辨析。development“發(fā)展”；origin“來(lái)源；起點(diǎn)”；consequence“結(jié)果；重要性”；instrument“工具”?？崭裉幩诰渥拥拇笠馐牵汉笳弑徽J(rèn)為是遺傳隔離的結(jié)果。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

第13題:考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。link“連接，關(guān)聯(lián)”；integrate“成為一體”；weave“編織”；combine“結(jié)合”?？崭裉幩诰渥拥拇笠馐牵篊ochran教授認(rèn)為智力與疾病是緊密相關(guān)的。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

第14題:考查詞組辨析。limitto“限制”；subjectto“使服從；使遭受”；convertto“轉(zhuǎn)變”；directto“指向”。根據(jù)后面的“獨(dú)特的進(jìn)化壓力”（uniqueevolutionarypressures）可知選項(xiàng)B符合題意，“遭受壓力”。

第15題:考查形容詞詞義辨析。paradoxical“矛盾的，似是而非的”；incompatible“不相容的”；inevitable“不可避免的”；continuous“連續(xù)的”。根據(jù)前文可知這些人群智力高，但是容易得遺傳疾病，這是一種矛盾情況。因此，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

15.單選題

TheUnitedStatesSupremeCourthasnotalwaysresolvedlegalissuesofconcerntoNativeAmericansinamannerthathaspleasedtheIndiannations.ManyoftheCourt’sdecisionshavebeenproductsofpoliticalcompromisethatlookedmoretothetemperofthetimesthantoenduringprinciplesoflaw.ButaccommodationispartofthejudicialsystemintheUnitedStatesandjudicialdecisionsmustbeassessedwiththisfactinmind.

Despitethe“accommodating”natureofthejudicialsystem,itisworthnotingthatthepoweroftheSupremeCourthasbeenexercisedinamannerthathasusuallybeenbeneficialtoNativeAmericans,atleastonminorissues,andhasnotbeenwhollydetrimentalonthelarger,moreimportantissues.Certainlytherehavebeendecisionsthatcastdoubtonthevalidityofthisassertion.SomecriticspointtothepatronizingtoneofmanyCourtopinionsandtheapparentrejectionofNativeAmericanvaluesasimportantpointstoconsiderwhenreviewingacase.However,thevalidityoftheassertioncanbeillustratedbyreferencetotwoimportantcontributionsthathaveresultedfromtheexerciseofjudicialpower.

First,theCourthascreatedrulesofjudicialconstructionthatingeneral,favortherightsofNativeAmericanlitigants.TheCourt’sattitudehasbeenconditionedbyrecognitionofthedistinctdisadvantagesNativeAmericansfacedwhendealingwithsettlersinthepast.TreatieswereinevitablywritteninEnglishforthebenefitoftheirauthors,whereastriballeaderswereaccustomedtomakingtreatieswithoutanywrittenaccount,onthestrengthofmutualpromisessealedbyreligiouscommitmentandindividualintegrity.Thewrittentreatieswereoftenbroken,andNativeAmericanswereconfrontedwithfraudandpoliticalandmilitaryaggression.TheCourtrecognizesthatpastunfairnesstoNativeAmericanscannotbesanctionedbytheforceoflaw.Therefore,ambiguitiesintreatiesaretobeinterpretedinfavoroftheNativeAmericanclaimants,treatiesaretobeinterpretedastheNativeAmericanswouldhaveunderstoodthem,and,underthereservedrightsdoctrine,treatiesreservetoNativeAmericansallrightsthathavenotbeenspecificallygrantedawayinothertreaties.

Asecondachievementofthejudicialsystemistheprotectionthathasbeenprovidedagainstencroachmentbythestalesintotribalaffairs.Federaljudgesarenotinclinedtoviewfavorablyeffortstoextendstatespowersandjurisdictionsbecauseofthedirectthreatthatsuchexpansionposestotheexerciseoffederalpowers.Intheabsenceofafederalstatutedirectlyandclearlyallocatingafunctiontothestates,federaljudgesareinclinedtoreserveforthefederalgovernment—andthetribalgovernmentsunderitscharge—allthosepowersandrightstheycanbesaidtohavepossessedhistorically.

61.Accordingtothepassage,onereasonwhytheUnitedStatesSupremeCourt“hasnotalwaysresolvedlegalissuesofconcerntoNativeAmericansinamannerthathaspleasedtheIndiannations”(lines1-2)isthat______.

62.Theauthor’sattitudetowardtheUnitedStatesSupremeCourt’sresolutionoflegalissuesofconcerntoNativeAmericanscanbestbedescribedasoneof______.

63.Itcanbeinferredthattheauthorbelievesthattheextensionofthestates’powersandjurisdictionswithrespecttoNativeAmericanaffairswouldbe______.

64.Theauthor’sprimarypurposeisto______.

65.ItcanbeinferredthattheauthorbelievestheUnitedStatesSupremeCourt’streatmentofNativeAmericanstohavebeen______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.NativeAmericanshavebeenpreventedfrompresentingtheirconcernspersuasively

B.theCourthasfailedtorecognizethattheIndiannations’concernsaredifferentfromthoseofothergroupsorfromthoseofthefederalgovernment

C.theCourthasmadepoliticalcompromisesindecidingsomecases

D.theCourthasbeenreluctanttocurtailthepowersofthefederalgovernment

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.wholeheartedendorsement

B.restrainedappreciation

C.detachedobjectivity

D.cautiousopposition

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.possibleonlywiththeconsentoftheIndiannations

B.favorablyviewedbytheUnitedStatesSupremeCourt

C.inthebestinterestsofbothstateandfederalgovernments

D.detrimentaltotheinterestsofNativeAmericans

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.contrastopposingviews

B.reevaluatetraditionalbeliefs

C.reconciledivergentopinions

D.provideevidencetosupportacontention

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.reasonablysupportiveinmostsituations

B.irreproachableonlegalgrounds

C.guidedbyenduringprinciplesoflaw

D.misguidedbutgenerallyharmless

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】61.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干意思是“根據(jù)這篇文章，美國(guó)最高法院‘并不總是以一種讓印第安人滿意的方式解決印第安人關(guān)心的法律問(wèn)題’的一個(gè)原因是……”。第一段第二句提到ManyoftheCourt’sdecisionshavebeenproductsofpoliticalcompromisethatlookedmoretothetemperofthetimesthantoenduringprinciplesoflaw（最高法院的許多判決都是政治妥協(xié)的產(chǎn)物，這些妥協(xié)看起來(lái)更像是時(shí)代的緩和，而不是持久的法律原則），由此可知法院在案件的判決中做出了政治妥協(xié)，因此，C項(xiàng)“法院在判決一些案件時(shí)做出了政治妥協(xié)”符合題意；A項(xiàng)“美國(guó)原住民被阻止以有說(shuō)服力的方式表達(dá)他們的擔(dān)憂”，根據(jù)第二段第五行SomecriticspointtothepatronizingtoneofmanyCourtopinionsandtheapparentrejectionofNativeAmericanvaluesasimportantpointstoconsiderwhenreviewingacase.（一些批評(píng)人士指出，許多法院意見(jiàn)的庇護(hù)語(yǔ)氣和對(duì)印第安人價(jià)值觀的明顯拒絕，是復(fù)審案件時(shí)需要考慮的重要因素）可知，法院是拒絕美國(guó)原住民的價(jià)值觀，而不是阻止他們以有說(shuō)服力的方式表達(dá)自己的擔(dān)憂，因此該項(xiàng)不正確；B項(xiàng)“法院沒(méi)有認(rèn)識(shí)到印第安民族的關(guān)注點(diǎn)不同于其他群體或聯(lián)邦政府的關(guān)注點(diǎn)”，文中沒(méi)有提到印第安人的關(guān)注點(diǎn)是什么；D項(xiàng)“法院一直不愿意削減聯(lián)邦政府的權(quán)力”原文也沒(méi)有提到；故該題選C。

62.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。題干意思是“作者對(duì)美國(guó)最高法院解決印第安人關(guān)心的法律問(wèn)題的態(tài)度可以很好地描述為……”。第二段第一句提到Despitethe“accommodating”natureofthejudicialsystem,itisworthnotingthatthepoweroftheSupremeCourthasbeenexercisedinamannerthathasusuallybeenbeneficialtoNativeAmericans,atleastonminorissues,andhasnotbeenwhollydetrimentalonthelarger,moreimportantissues.（盡管司法系統(tǒng)具有妥協(xié)性，值得注意的是美國(guó)本土居民在少部分事務(wù)上受惠于最高法院，而在重大問(wèn)題方面，美國(guó)本土居民也并不因此受到損害），由此可知，作者對(duì)利弊都有表述，其態(tài)度是公正的，故C項(xiàng)“公平的客觀”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“全心全意的支持”，第一段作者還提到了最高法院并不總是以一種讓印第安人滿意的方式解決印第安人關(guān)心的法律問(wèn)題，所以全心全意的支持這種說(shuō)法是錯(cuò)誤的；B項(xiàng)“拘謹(jǐn)?shù)母兄x”，作者沒(méi)有表達(dá)感謝，因此該項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；D項(xiàng)“謹(jǐn)慎的反對(duì)”，作者表述了美國(guó)最高法院對(duì)印第安人關(guān)心的法律問(wèn)題上有利有弊的解決方案，說(shuō)作者是客觀的態(tài)度更貼切題意；故該題選C。

63.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“可以推斷出作者相信各州在印第安人事務(wù)上的權(quán)力和管轄權(quán)的擴(kuò)展將會(huì)是……”。文章最后一段提到Federaljudgesarenotinclinedtoviewfavorablyeffortstoextendstatespowersandjurisdictionsbecauseofthedirectthreatthatsuchexpansionposestotheexerciseoffederalpowers.（聯(lián)邦法官不傾向于贊成擴(kuò)大各州權(quán)力和司法管轄權(quán)，因?yàn)檫@種擴(kuò)大會(huì)對(duì)聯(lián)邦權(quán)力的行使構(gòu)成直接威脅），由此可知國(guó)家權(quán)力的擴(kuò)張以及司法觸及美國(guó)本土居民事務(wù)，聯(lián)邦政府將會(huì)面臨危險(xiǎn)；該司法系統(tǒng)是國(guó)家提供的保護(hù)，所以，對(duì)于擴(kuò)展各州在印第安人事務(wù)上的權(quán)力和管轄權(quán)是會(huì)得到美國(guó)最高法院的支持的，A項(xiàng)“只有得到印第安民族的同意才可能”過(guò)于絕對(duì)；B項(xiàng)“受到美國(guó)最高法院的認(rèn)可”符合題意；C項(xiàng)“為了州和聯(lián)邦政府的最大利益”，文章已經(jīng)提到了會(huì)給聯(lián)邦權(quán)力的行使構(gòu)成直接威脅，所以該項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；D項(xiàng)“對(duì)美國(guó)原住民的利益有害”，最后一段第一句提到Asecondachievementofthejudicialsystemistheprotectionthathasbeenprovidedagainstencroachmentbythestalesintotribalaffairs.（司法制度的第二個(gè)成就是保護(hù)部落事務(wù)不受陳腐勢(shì)力的侵犯），由此可知對(duì)美國(guó)原住民并不是有害的，因此該項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；故該題選B。

64.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“作者最主要的目的是……”。最后兩段句首作者用了first和second，可知作者是在舉例論證，因此D項(xiàng)“提供證據(jù)支持論點(diǎn)”正確；A項(xiàng)“對(duì)比相反的觀點(diǎn)”，文章最后兩段的中心句是First,theCourthascreatedrulesofjudicialconstructionthatingeneral,favortherightsofNativeAmericanlitigants.（首先，最高法院制定了一般有利于美國(guó)原住民訴訟當(dāng)事人權(quán)利的司法構(gòu)建規(guī)則）和Asecondachievementofthejudicialsystemistheprotectionthathasbeenprovidedagainstencroachmentbythestalesintotribalaffairs.（司法制度的第二個(gè)成就是保護(hù)部落事務(wù)不受陳腐勢(shì)力的侵犯），由此可知作者并沒(méi)有對(duì)比相反的觀點(diǎn)；B項(xiàng)“重新評(píng)估傳統(tǒng)信仰”和C項(xiàng)“調(diào)和不同的意見(jiàn)”文中沒(méi)有提到；故該題選D。

65.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“可以推斷作者認(rèn)為美國(guó)最高法院對(duì)印第安人的對(duì)待是……”。本文主要講到美國(guó)最高法院對(duì)美國(guó)本土居民的法律問(wèn)題的處理是政治妥協(xié)，而并非遵循著法律原則，但是這種處理也是合情合理的，因?yàn)樗](méi)有造成極大的危害。故A項(xiàng)“在大多數(shù)情況下都給予相當(dāng)?shù)闹С帧北容^符合句意；B項(xiàng)“在法律上無(wú)可指責(zé)”，文章都提到了有時(shí)候法院對(duì)印第安人關(guān)心的法律問(wèn)題沒(méi)有遵循法律原則，所以該項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；C項(xiàng)“受持久的法律原則指導(dǎo)”，文中提到也會(huì)受到政治妥協(xié)，該項(xiàng)也不正確；D項(xiàng)“被誤導(dǎo)但一般無(wú)害”，文中沒(méi)有提到誤導(dǎo)；故該題選A。

16.單選題

Modernprintingequipmentquicklyturnsoutduplicatecopiesoftextualandpictorialmatter.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.identical

B.double

C.illustrated

D.legible

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。duplicate表示“復(fù)制的”。A項(xiàng)identical“同一的，完全相同的”，B項(xiàng)double“雙倍的”，C項(xiàng)illustrated“有插圖的”，D項(xiàng)legible“清晰的，易辨認(rèn)的”。句意：現(xiàn)代印刷設(shè)備能迅速生產(chǎn)出文字和圖片的復(fù)制品。根據(jù)句意，該題選A正確。

17.單選題

Withoutproperlesson,youcould（

）alotofbadhabitswhenplayingthepiano.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.getup

B.pickup

C.drawup

D.catchup

【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析題。根據(jù)句意‘如果沒(méi)有適當(dāng)?shù)恼n程，你在彈鋼琴時(shí)可能會(huì)養(yǎng)成很多壞習(xí)慣。’可知本題考查up的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)getup意為“起床”；B選項(xiàng)pickup意為“撿起”，與habit等搭配也意為“養(yǎng)成，學(xué)會(huì)”;C選項(xiàng)drawup意為“起草”；D選項(xiàng)catchup意為“趕上”。根據(jù)句意和空后的alotofbadhabits可知B選項(xiàng)正確。

18.單選題

BythetimeyouarriveinLondon,we______inEuropefortwoweeks.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.shallstay

B.havestayed

C.willhavestayed

D.havebeenstaying

【答案】C

【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：等你到達(dá)倫敦的時(shí)候，我們已經(jīng)在歐洲待兩個(gè)星期了。將來(lái)完成時(shí)是用在表示在將來(lái)某一時(shí)間以前已經(jīng)完成或一直持續(xù)的動(dòng)作；其結(jié)構(gòu)為主語(yǔ)+shall/willhavebeen+表語(yǔ)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，動(dòng)作在將來(lái)某一時(shí)間前已經(jīng)完成，C選項(xiàng)willhavestayed符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

19.翻譯題

體育的目的在于追求人類身心全面發(fā)展，并在此基礎(chǔ)上促進(jìn)社會(huì)的進(jìn)步和發(fā)展?，F(xiàn)代奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)的創(chuàng)始人顧拜旦（PieeredeCoubertin）認(rèn)為體育是全人類的一項(xiàng)偉大事業(yè)。他將奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)的目標(biāo)設(shè)定為促進(jìn)不同國(guó)家、不同文化之間的相互理解，從而促進(jìn)和維護(hù)和平，推進(jìn)人類文明。

【答案】Thepurposeofsportsistopursuetheall-rounddevelopmentofhumanbodyandmind,andonthisbasistopromotetheprogressanddevelopmentofsociety.ThefounderofthemodernOlympicGames,PieeredeCoubertin,believedthatsportswasagreatcauseforallmankind.HesetthegoaloftheOlympicGamesaspromotingmutualunderstandingbetweendifferentcountriesandcultures,therebypromotingandmaintainingpeace,andfacilitatinghumancivilization.

20.單選題

Nowthatspringishere,youcan（

）thesefurcoatstillyouneedthemagainnextwinter.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.putover

B.putaway

C.putoff

D.putdown

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。putover“推遲，駛過(guò)”；putaway“放好，把……收好”；putoff“推遲，拖