(新高考)高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)課時作業(yè)必修一 Unit 4 Natural disasters Grammar (含解析)

UNIT4NaturaldisastersGrammar請同學(xué)們認(rèn)真完成[練案19]一、語言基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．Thecountrylooksasthoughitisgoingto__erupt__(爆發(fā))intocivilwar.2．Duringtheeight－daymarchacrossthedesertour__supply__(供應(yīng))ofwaterdecreasedrapidly.3．Theaimistogivepeoplemore__power__(力量)overtheirownlives.4．Grace__tapped__(輕敲)onthebedroomdoorandwentin.5．Hehasorderedsomeplastic__pipes__(管子)todecoratehisnewhouse.6．He__waved__(招手)atthewaiter，whorushedtothetable.7．Aboutonemillionworkersaroundtheworldjoinedinthe__strike__(罷工)．8．He__delivered__(發(fā)表)animportantreportatthemeeting.9．Thereisa__summary__(總結(jié))attheendofeachchapter.10．Lastmonth，partofSoutheastAsiawas__struck__(襲擊)byfloods.Ⅱ.單句語法填空1．Themediasuppliesalotofinformation__to__useveryday.2．Whichpartyis__in__power?3．Hekept__tapping__(tap)hisfingersonthetable.4．Wewillgobacktonormalwhenthingscalm__down__.5．Dictionariesareagreataid__in__learninglanguages.6．Theworkersare__on__strikeforhigherpay.7．Thenewtaxratescome__into__effectfromApril.8．Moreattentionshouldbepaid__toimproving__(improve)equipmentinourfactorysothatwecanincreaseourproduction.9．Shehadfinallycarried__out__herpromisetoquitsmoking.10．Theglass__broken__(break)bymysonhasbeensweptaway.Ⅲ.選詞填空sweepaway，indanger，gothrough，intheopenair，putup，inshock，asusual，onhand1．Hemusthave__gonethrough__manydifficultiesbeforehesucceeded.2．Hearingtheaircrash,helookedatme__inshock__.3．Myfatherisanearlyriser.Thismorning,hegotupathalfpastfive__asusual__.4．Pleasekeepcalmwhenyouare__indanger__.5．Theyhadtosleep__intheopenair__aftertheearthquake.6．Withsomanythings__onhand__todealwith,Ican’tgotoseeafilmthisweekend.7．AweekbeforeEarthDay,posterswere__putup__aroundourschool,callingonustojoinintheactionsforagreenerearth.8．ThismorningmyclassmatesandI__sweptaway__allthefallenleavesinourcampus.二、培優(yōu)提升訓(xùn)練Ⅰ.閱讀理解Mandaraseemedtoknowsomethingbigwasabouttohappen.Sosheletoutayell，caughtholdofher2－year－olddaughterKibibiandclimbedupintoatree.ShelivesattheNationalZooinWashingtonDC．AndonTuesday，August23rd，witnessessaidsheseemedtosensethebigearthquakethatshookmuchoftheEastCoastbeforeanyhumansknewwhatwasgoingon.Andshe’snottheonlyone.Inthemomentsbeforethequake，anorangutan(猩猩)letoutaloudcallandthenclimbedtothetopofhershelter.“It’sverydifferentfromtheirnormalcall，”saidBrandieSmith，thezookeeper.“Thelemurs(monkeylikeanimalsofMadagascar)willsoundanalarmiftheyseeorhearsomethinghighlyunusual.”Butyoucan’tseeorhearanearthquake15minutesbeforeithappens，canyou?Maybeyoucan—ifyou’reananimal.“Animalscanhearaboveandbelowourrangeofhearing，”saidBrandieSmith.“That’spartoftheirspecialabilities.They’remoresensitivetotheenvironment，whichishowtheysurvive.”Primatesweren’ttheonlyanimalsthatseemedtosensethequakebeforeithappened.Oneoftheelephantsmadeawarningsoundandahugelizard(蜥蜴)ranquicklyforcover.Theflamingoes(akindofbirds)gatheredbeforethequakeandstayedtogetheruntiltheshakingstopped.Sowhatkindofvibrations(震動)weretheanimalspickingupinthemomentsbeforethequake?ScientistSusanHoughsaidearthquakesproducetwotypesofwaves—aweak“P”waveandthenamuchstronger“S”wave.The“P”standsfor“primary”．Andthe“S”standsfor“secondary”．Shethinksthe“P”wavemightbewhatsetstheanimalsoff.Notalltheanimalsbehavedunusuallybeforethequake.Forexample，Smithsaidthezoo’sgiantpandasdidn’tjumpupuntiltheshakingactuallybegan.Butmanyoftheotheranimalsseemedtoknowsomethingwascomingbeforeithappened.“I’mnotsurprisedatall，”Smithsaid.文章大意：本文是一篇說明文。這篇文章主要講了在地震前動物們的表現(xiàn)，有些動物對地震敏感，而有些動物對地震沒有察覺。1．WhydidMandaraactstrangelyoneday？__A__A．Becauseitsensedsomethingunusualwouldhappen.B．BecauseitsdaughterKibibiwasinjured.C．Becauseitheardanorangutanletoutaloudcall.D．Becauseanearthquakehadhappened.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“Mandaraseemedtoknowsomethingbigwasabouttohappen.”可知，Mandara表現(xiàn)得很奇怪因?yàn)樗杏X有一些不同尋常的事情要發(fā)生。選A。2．AccordingtoBrandieSmith，__A__.A．manyanimals’hearingissharpB．earthquakesproducetwotypesofwavesC．primatesusuallygathertogetherbeforeaquakeD．humanscanalsodeveloptheabilitytosenseaquake解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“’Animalscanhearaboveandbelowourrangeofhearing，’saidBrandieSmith.’That’spartoftheirspecialabilities.They’remoresensitivetotheenvironment，whichishowtheysurvive.’”可知BrandieSmith認(rèn)為許多動物的聽覺很敏銳。選A。3．Whichanimalseemsunabletosensequake？__A__A．Agiantpanda. B．Aflamingo.C．Alemur. D．Alizard.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的第一、二句“Notalltheanimalsbehavedunusuallybeforethequake.Forexample，Smithsaidthezoo’sgiantpandasdidn’tjumpupuntiltheshakingactuallybegan.”可知在地震之前，大熊貓并沒有表現(xiàn)異常，由此推斷出大熊貓不能感知地震。選A。4．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage？__C__A．HowanimalssurviveaquakeB．HowanimalsdifferfromhumansC．HowanimalsbehavebeforeaquakeD．Howanimalsprotecttheiryounginaquake解析：標(biāo)題判斷題。這篇文章主要講了在地震前動物們的表現(xiàn)，有些動物對地震敏感，而有些動物對地震沒有察覺。故選C。Ⅱ.語法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。LastOctober，whiletendinghergardeninMora，Sweden，LenaPahlssonpulledoutahandfulofsmall__1.carrots__(carrot)andwasabouttothrowthemaway.Butsomethingmadeherlookcloser，andshenoticeda__2.shiny/shining__(shine)object.Yes，therebeneaththeleafytopofonetinycarrotwasherlong－lostweddingring.Pahlssonscreamed__3.so__loudlythatherdaughtercamerunningfromthehouse.“ShethoughtIhadhurt__4.myself__(I)，”saysPahlsson.Sixteenyears__5.earlier__(early)，Pahlssonhadremovedthediamondring__6.tocook__(cook)ameal.Whenshewantedtoputtheringbackonlater，itwasgone.Shesuspectedthatoneofherthreedaughters—thenten，eight，andsix—hadpickeditup，butthegirlssaidtheyhadn’t.Pahlssonandherhusband__7.searched__(search)thekitchen，checkingeverycorner，butturnedupnothing.“Igaveuphopeoffindingmyringagain，”shesays.Sheneverreplacedit.Pahlssonandherhusbandnowthinktheringprobablygot__8.swept__(sweep)intoapileofkitchenrubbishandwasspreadoverthegarden，__9.where__itremaineduntilthecarrot’sleafytopaccidentallysprouted(生長)throughit.ForPahlsson，itsreturnwas__10.a__wonder.文章大意：本文講述了主人公Pahlsson在一個胡蘿卜的茂密的葉子下面，找到了她遺失很久的結(jié)婚戒指。16年前Pahlsson在廚房做飯時取下戒指，之后戒指就找不到了。而16年后花園中胡蘿卜的意外發(fā)芽使戒指又被找回。他們現(xiàn)在認(rèn)為戒指可能和一堆廚房垃圾被掃到花園中了。戒指的失而復(fù)得對他們來說是個奇跡。解析：1．考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：LenaPahlsson拔出一把小胡蘿卜正要扔掉。ahandfulof意為“一把，幾個”，后加可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填carrots。2．考查形容詞。句意：她注意到一個閃亮的物體。由語法知識可知，形容詞修飾名詞object。故填shiny/shining。3．考查固定結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：Pahlsson大聲地喊叫以至于她女兒從房子里跑出來。so...that...意為“如此……以至于……”。故填so。4．考查反身代詞。句意：她認(rèn)為我傷到了我自己。由語境可知，女兒聽到母親的叫聲后跑出門，以為母親傷到了她自己。myself是反身代詞，指“我自己”。故填myself。5．考查固定用法。由語境可知，這個戒指是十六年前丟的。數(shù)詞＋yearsearlier表示“……年前”。故填earlier。6．考查非謂語動詞。句意：Pahlsson把鉆石戒指摘掉去做飯。這里用不定式表目的。故填tocook。7．考查時態(tài)。句意：Pahlsson和她的丈夫在廚房尋找。由語境可知，這段是她回憶戒指丟失時的場景，故謂語動詞需要用過去時。故填searched。8．考查語態(tài)。句意：Pahlsson和她的丈夫現(xiàn)在認(rèn)為戒指可能和一堆廚房垃圾被掃到花園中了。由語境可知，戒指是被掃到花園中，故空白處填被動形式。故填swept。9．考查定語從句。句意：Pahlsson和她的丈夫現(xiàn)在認(rèn)為戒指可能和一堆廚房垃圾被掃到花園中了，在那里直到胡蘿卜意外地發(fā)芽使戒指通過綠葉又被找到。前后兩句很完整，由句意可知，后半句是對花園進(jìn)行了進(jìn)一步的解釋說明。故后半句是定語從句，先行詞是garden，關(guān)系副詞where在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。故填where。10．考查冠詞。句意：它的回來(指戒指失而復(fù)得)是一件很奇妙的事。wonder在這句話中的詞性是名詞，可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)前需要加冠詞。故填a。Ⅲ.讀后續(xù)寫閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。續(xù)寫的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。AfriendofminewhosenamewasJohnSmithhadabadmemory，whichmadehimfamous.Hewassoforgetfulthathesometimesforgotwhathewastalkingaboutinthemiddleofasentence.Hiswifehadtoconstantlyremindhimabouthismeetings，hisclasses—evenhismeals！Onceheforgothehadeatenbreakfasttwice，athomeandatschool.Hiswifelikedtoremindherneighbors，“IfJohndidn’thavehisheadtiedon，hewouldforgetthattoo！”SinceSmithwasaprofessoratawell－knownuniversity，hisforgetfulnesswasoftenanembarrassmenttohim.Itwasn’tthathewasnotclever，assomecriticalpeopletendedtosay，butjustveryveryabsent－minded.Onehotsummerday，ProfessorSmithdecidedtotakehischildrentoaseasidetownaboutathree－h(huán)ourtrainrideaway.Tomakethetripmoreinterestingforhisyoungchildren，hekeptthenameofthetownasecret.However，bythetimetheyarrivedatthestation，Smithforgotthenameofthetownhewasplanningtovisit.Luckily，afriendofhishappenedtobeinthestation.HeofferedtotakecareofthechildrenwhileSmithhurriedbackhometofindoutwherehewasgoing.Theprofessor’swifewassurprisedtoseehimagainsosoon.“Oh，mydear，Iforgotthenameofthetown.”“What?Youforgotthename?Maybeonedayyouwillforgetmyname！NowI’llwritethenameofthattownonapieceofpaper，andyouputitinyourpocketandplease，pleasedon’tforgetwhereyouputit.”Satisfiedthatshehadsolvedtheproblem，shesentherhusbandoffagain.Tenminuteslatershewasastonishedtoseehimoutsidethehouseforthethirdtime.Paragraph1：“Whatisthematternow？”askedhiswife._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2：Hearingthecry，outrushedtheirneighbors，tryingtofindoutwhathadhappened.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________參考范文：Paragraph1：“Whatisthematternow？”a