時(shí)文閱讀理解專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練(02) -高考英語(yǔ)三輪復(fù)習(xí)

時(shí)文閱讀理解專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練(02)高考英語(yǔ)三輪復(fù)習(xí)英語(yǔ)閱讀訓(xùn)練.第頁(yè)(共15頁(yè))★(一)時(shí)文摘要美國(guó)宇航員馬克·范德·海與俄羅斯宇航員彼得·杜布羅夫和安東·什卡普列羅夫30日乘坐俄羅斯“聯(lián)盟”飛船從國(guó)際空間站返回地球。范德·海在國(guó)際空間站連續(xù)停留355天，成為在國(guó)際空間站連續(xù)停留時(shí)間最長(zhǎng)的美國(guó)宇航員。閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳答案. NASAastronautMarkVandeHeireturnedtoEarthWednesday,afterspendingarecord-breaking355daysinlow-Earthorbit.VandeHeisharedaspacecraftwithtwoRussiancosmonautsastensionsbetweentheRussiaandtheU.S.continueamidthe

ongoingwarinUkraine.

VandeHeireturnedinaSoyuzspacecraftwithRussiancosmonautsPyotrDubrovandAntonShkaplerov,makingalandingat7:28a.m.inDzhezkazgan,Kazakhstan(哈薩克斯坦).

Thetrio

haddepartedtheInternationalSpaceStationat3:21a.m.ET. VandeHeibroketherecordforthelongestspaceflightbyaNASAastronautby15days.TherecordwaspreviouslyheldbyretiredastronautScottKelly.

Onthisspaceflight,VandeHeicompleted5,680orbitsoftheEarthandajourneyofmorethan150millionmiles,roughlytheequivalentof312tripstotheMoonandback.

ThistripgaveVandeHeialifetimetotalof523daysinspace. “Mark’smissionisnotonlyrecord-breaking,butalsopavingthewayforfuturehumanexplorersontheMoon,Mars,andbeyond,”

NASAadministratorBillNelsonsaidinapressrelease.“Ourastronautsmakeincrediblesacrificesinthenameofscience,exploration,andcutting-edge

technologydevelopment.”

AccordingtoNASA,VandeHeicontributedtodozensofstudiesfromthehundredsconducted

duringhismission.AsNASAplanstoreturntotheMoon,undertheArtemisprogram,andpreparesfortheexplorationofMars,theagencysaidVandeHei’sextendedmissionwillprovideresearcherstheopportunitytoobservetheeffectsoflong-durationspaceflightonhumans. Afterthecrewgoesthroughpost-landingmedicalchecks,theywillbeflowntotherecoverystagingcityinKaraganda,Kazakhstan,onRussianhelicopters.VandeHeiwillthenboardaNASAplanetoCologne,Germany,forrefueling,priortohisreturnhome.

ShkaplerovandDubrovwillbeflownhometoStarCity,Russia,onaGagarinCosmonautTrainingCenteraircraft.1.Theunderlined“Thetrio”inthefirstparagraphmayreferto______.A

.

theNASAastronautB

.

theRussia-Ukraine

warC

.

thelow-EarthorbitD

.

thethreespacemen2.HowlonghadScottKellyspentinthespace?A

.

For355days.B

.

For340days.C

.

For312days.D

.For15days.3.WhatcanweknowaboutVandeHeiinParagraphThree?A

.HeisreadytoexploretheMoon.B

.HewillbesenttotheMarssoon.C

.

Hecontributedmuchtospaceresearch.D

.

Heprovidedchancesofobservingthespace.4.WhatwillVandeHeidobeforereturninghome?A

.

RecoverhisbodyinKazakhstan.B

.

FlytotheTrainingCenterinRussia.C

.

GothroughmedicalchecksinRussia.D

.

FlytoCologneofGermanyforrecovery.★(二)時(shí)文摘要俄烏戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)使很多文化遺址受損，文章講述了聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織在此期間對(duì)文化遺跡的保護(hù)而做出的努力。閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳答案. SinceRussia’swarwithUkraine,UNESCOsaysit’sverifieddamagetoatleast53culturalsitesinthecountry.TheorganizationsaysitassessesdamagereportedinthemediaorbyUkrainianofficialsandhasasystemtomonitormainUkrainiansitesandmonumentsviasatelliteimagery.“Ourexpertscontinuetoverifyeachreportanditisfearedthatothersiteswillbeaddedtothislist,”aUNESCOspokespersonsaid.AsofMarch30,UNESCOsaid,theconfirmeddamagedsites,locatedinseveralregionsacrossUkraine,include29religioussites,16historicbuildings,fourmuseumsandfourmonuments. Whenthewarbegan,UNESCOtooksomeemergencymeasuresinordertobestprotecttheseculturalsites.ItheldregularonlinemeetingswithWorldHeritagesitemanagers,museumdirectors,nationalmonumentofficialsandlocalheritageprotectionassociationsinUkrainetoprovideexpertiseandpracticaladvice.UNESCOsaysithasexpertsavailable24/7torespondtoemergencies. “Weassisttheminidentifyingsafehavens(安全處所)inwhichtostoreitemswhichcanbemoved;andinassessingandstrengtheningfirefightingprocedures,”thespokespersonsaid.TheagencysaysithasalsocommunicatedwithRussianMinisterofForeignAffairsSergeyLavrovtoreiterate(重申)thatheritagesitesareobligatedtobeprotectedandsenthimlocationdataoftheheritagesitesinUkraine. Accordingtothe

HagueConvention

in1954,ifculturalsitesaremarkedwithblueshields,itmeanstheyareundertheprotectionoftheconvention.UNESCOsaidthatsincethewarbetweenRussiaandUkrainebrokeout,ithastakenactions,includingstrengtheningprotectionofhistorical,culturalheritagetoavoidintentionaloraccidentaldamage.

1.Whywilltheexpertsgoonverifyingthereport?A

.

Moreculturalsitesmaybedamaged.B

.

Themediagavedetailedinformation.C

.

Somemuseumswillberebuiltsoon.D

.

Ukrainianofficialsliketellinglies.2.WhatdidUNESCOdotoprotecttheseculturalsites?A

.

Ithirednewmuseumdirectors.B

.

Itpaidthemonumentofficials.C

.

ItprovidedadvicetoUkraine.D

.

ItsentexpertstoRussia.3.UNESCOdidallthefollowingEXCEPTfor_________.A

.

findingplacestokeephistoricalitemsB

.

urgingthebothsidestoendthewarsoonC

.

tellingRussianofficialspositionsofthesitesD

.

preventingculturalsitesfromcatchingfire4.Whatcanbeaneffectivemethodofprotectingculturalsites?A

.

Markingthesiteswithblueshields.B

.

Tellingcountriestheresultsofwars.C

.

MakinguptheHagueConvention.D

.

Collectingenoughlocationdata.★(三)時(shí)文摘要密西西比州上空出現(xiàn)火球，該火球被證實(shí)為火流星。目前有待證實(shí)是否為隕石。閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳答案. Daysaftera

streakingfireballwasspotted

intheskiesoverthreeSouthernstates,NASAscientistshaveconfirmedthatfragments(碎片)

fromthemeteor(流星)

havebeenfoundonthegroundinMississippi.

NASAsaid

theexceptionallybrightmeteorwasgoing35,000

mph

when

it

explodedintheskyneartheLouisiana-Mississippiborder.

“Thereareconfirmedreportsofmeteorites(隕石)

beingfoundintheareaeastofNatchez,”

NASAsaid,whilesharinganimageofoneofthemeteoritepiecesinaFacebookpostonMonday. Dozens

ofpeopleinArkansas,LouisianaandMississippireportedseeingthemeteorintheskyaround8a.m.Wednesdayafterhearingloudboomsinthearea.

Atitspeak,thefireballwasmorethan10timesbrighterthanafullmoon,officialssaid.Thefireball

disintegrated

about

34milesaboveLouisiana,generating“anenergyequivalent

of3tonsofTNT,”

NASA

said. TheMississippiEmergencyManagementAgencypreviouslypostedasatelliteimage

onFacebook

inwhichthebrightobjectcanbeseenjusteastoftheLouisiana-Mississippiborder,alongwithNASA’sconfirmation.Theagency

said

thefireballcausednoinjuriesorpropertydamageandthatitrantotheMississippiRiver.

Lawdictates

thatmeteoritesbelongtotheownerofthepropertyonwhichtheyfell,soNASAsaiditwouldnotdisclosethelocationsofanyfragments

thatarefound.

NASAalsosaiditwouldnotauthenticate

anypossiblemeteoritediscoveriesandreferredthepublictoameteorite

website

hostedbyWashingtonUniversityinSt.Louis.

“Wearenotmeteoritepeople,asourmainfocusisprotectingspacecraftandastronautsfrommeteoroids,”

NASAsaid.Sowewillbeunabletoidentifyanystrangerocksyoumayfind—pleasedonotsendusrockphotos.”NASAsaidthatifconfirmed,thiswillmarkthefifthrecordedmeteoritefallinMississippi.Theothershappenedin1854,1910,1922and2012.1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”referto?A

.

Thesky.B

.

Thefireball.C

.

Theground.D

.

Themeteorites.2.Whatdidthefireballhappeninthesky?A

.

Itbecameaverylargemoon.B

.ItproducedthreetonsofTNT.C

.

Itexplodedwithagreatnoise.D

.

Itdamagedsomesatellites.3.Whydidn’tthefireballdoharmtopeople?A

.

Itwaswatchedbyscientists.B

.

Itjustflewhighinthesky.C

.

Itendedintheriveratlast.D

.

Itwasmadetochangeitsway4.WhatwillNASAdowiththemeteorites?A

.

Itwillpayattentiontothemeteorites.B

.

Itwillhelpresidentslocatethefragment.C

.Itwillfocusontakingphotosofmeteorites.D

.Itwillnotassistpeopleinidentifyingrocks.★(四)時(shí)文摘要非營(yíng)利組織NubAbility’sArcheryClinic里的老師們都是有肢體殘疾的老師，他們教那些同樣有肢體殘疾的孩子學(xué)習(xí)射箭。閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳答案.

“Uptoyourcheek,remember,toyourcheek,”saidDakota,headarcherycoachforthenonprofitNubAbility.Itcouldbethefactthatparticipantsgetone-on-oneinstruction.“Boom,lookatyou;fistbump,fistbumpthat,alright,”Rogerstellsanotherstudent.Or,itcouldbethattheactivityistrulyinteractive(互動(dòng)的). “I’mgettingitperfect,”saidparticipantKenbe.ButifyouaskakidlikeKenbe,helovesitbecausehe’streatedlikeanyotherkid.“Coachesherewon’taskquestionsbecausetheyhavethesamething,”saidKenbe.EveryparticipantatNubAbility’sArcheryClinichaslimb(肢體)differences,includingthecoachingstaff. “Mygymteachercouldn’tteachme—ordidn’tknowhowtoteachme—becauseIwasmissingahand,soIsatonabenchofthesportsgroundandwatchedwhileeveryoneelsegottoshoot,”explainedDakota.“Asayoungboy,Isaidtomyuncle,‘Nono,I’mgoingtolearnhowtodoarchery.’SomyunclegavemealittlebowandfromthereItaughtmyself,”hesaid.Clinicslikethesedidn’texistwhenhewasakid,whichiswhyhe’ssogratefultobecoachingseveralofthemnow. It’salsowhySamKuhnertbecametheFounderandExecutivedirectorofNubAbility.It’sanorganizationcenteredaroundmakingsurekidswithlimbdifferencescantryandlearnjustaboutanysportoractivity.Kuhnerthopesthesekidswilllearnthatwherethere’sawill,there

are

lotsofwaystosucceed.“ThemorekidsIcangetinfrontofateacherwholookedlikethem,themorekidsthataregoingtogooutandinspireothers,”Kuhnertsaid.Perhapsthemostimportantlesson,especiallyatthisage,istoalwayshaveplentyoffaithinyourself.1.WhatarethecoacheslikeatNubAbility?A

.

Patientandkind.B

.

Strongandenergetic.C

.

Richandstrong.D

.

Gratefulandselfless.2.WhatmakesKenbeloveNubAbility’sArcheryClinic?A

.

Perfectequipment.B

.

Relaxingcourses.C

.

Greatcoaches.D

.

Differentlimbs.3.________wasareasonwhyDakotacouldcoachatNubAbility’sArcheryClinic.A

.

ThephysicaldisabilityB

.

ThepassionforstudentsC

.

ThewillofhelpingD

.

Thelackofcoaches4.WhatwouldKuhnertmostlikethesekidstolearn?A

.

Differentsports.B

.

Beingconfident.C

.Waystosucceed.D

.

Inspiringothers.★(五)時(shí)文摘要功能飲料有可能引起心臟病，青少年尤其需要注意。對(duì)此進(jìn)行研究的馬德里心臟病專家指出，很多看起來(lái)健康的青少年，在運(yùn)動(dòng)前后飲用含大量咖啡因的功能飲料可能會(huì)引起突發(fā)心臟病或者心率不穩(wěn)。閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳答案. Scientistshaverevealedjusthowdangerousenergydrinkscanbe,andcancauseasuddenheartattackinsomecases.

Whileweallprobablyassumedthatthelargeamountsofcaffeinecontainedinthesedrinksprobablyweren’tgreatforourhealth,astudyhasnowexploredhowanothercommoningredientcouldbedangerous. Guarana,aplantcontainingcaffeine,iscommonlyusedinenergydrinksandcanoftenleadtounexpectedreactionswhencombinedwithotheringredients.Inthecaseofenergydrinks,guaranaisoftencombinedwithginseng(西洋參)ortaurine(硫磺酸)toimproveflavouring. Astudyexplainedtheriskofsuddencardiac(心臟的)eventsinyoungpeopleafterconsumingsuchdrinks.Theywrote:“Itseemsclearthatenergydrinksmightleadtocriticaleventsrelatingtotheheartandbloodvesselsintheyoungpopulation,evensomeofwhichareunabletorecover.”Thescientistswrotethatsuchdrinkscanleadtofatalevents,withheartattacksoftenoccurringwithoutwarning. A2021Australianstudy,publishedinthe

NutritionJournal,surveyed8942studentsagedfrom12to17yearsold.Ofthesample,theyfoundthateightpercentofstudentsreporteddrinkingenergydrinksatleastonceaweek,whileoneinfourstudentshadconsumedenergydrinksatleastonce.

Whileastudyofa21-year-oldUKmanwaspublishedin

BMJCaseReports

in2021,whohadunexpectedlybeenexperiencingkidneyfailure(腎衰竭).Thereportstated:“Therewasnosignificantpastmedicalhistoryandhehadnofamilyhistoryofheartattacks.”However,themanhadexplainedhehadbeendrinkingfour500MLenergydrinksadayforapproximatelytwoyears—witheachdrinkcontaining160mgofcaffeine.Thestudyadded:“Giventhehistoryoflong-termenergydrinkconsumption,lackofsignificantpastmedicalorfamilyhistory,cardiacimaging(心臟影像)findingsandimprovementwithceasingintake,energydrink-causedcardiotoxicity(心臟毒性)wasfelttobethemostlikelycause.”1.Whyisguaranausedinenergydrinks?A

.

Toimprovepeople’shealth.B

.

Tofindoutanewingredient.C

.

Tomakedrinkstastebetter.D

.

Totesttheunexpectedreactions.2.WhichfeatureofcardiaceventsisNOTmentionedinParagraph3?A

.

Theycanbeirreversible.B

.Theycancausedeath.C

.

Theygivenowarning

signals.D

.

Theywidelyoccurin

certain

areas.3.Whydidthewritermentiontheexampleofa21-year-oldUKman?A

.Toshowthepotentialdangersofenergydrinks.B

.

Toadvisepeopletofocusonpastfamilyhistory.C

.Toaskpeopletostoptheirownbadhabits.D

.

Toexperiencethekidneyfailurewhenyoung.4.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A

.

Largeamountsofcaffeinearecontainedindrinks.B

.

Drinkingenergydrinkscausessuddenheartattacks.C

.

Peopleshouldpaymoreattentiontocardiachealth.D

.

Energydrinksarethemostdangerousinourlife.【答案解析】★(一)1.D詞意指代題。根據(jù)文章第一段第三句的“VandeHeireturnedinaSoyuzspacecraftwithRussiancosmonautsPyotrDubrovandAntonShkaplerov”可知，三個(gè)宇航員（VandeHei，PyotrDubrov和AntonShkaplerov）在早晨7:28分降落，而他們?nèi)耸窃诹璩?:21離開(kāi)的國(guó)際空間站，即“Thetrio”指的是這三名宇航員。故選D。2.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“NASAastronautMarkVandeHeireturnedtoEarthWednesday,afterspendingarecord-breaking355daysinlow-Earthorbit.”可知MarkVandeHei在空間站待了355天；結(jié)合第二段第一二句“VandeHeibroketherecordforthelongestspaceflightbyaNASAastronautby15days.TherecordwaspreviouslyheldbyretiredastronautScottKelly.”可知MarkVandeHei比ScottKelly在太空多待了15天，即ScottKelly在太空度過(guò)了340天。故選B。3.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段的“Mark’smissionis...pavingthewayforfuturehumanexplorersontheMoon,Mars,andbeyond”“makeincrediblesacrificesinthenameofscience,exploration,andcutting-edgetechnologydevelopment”以及“VandeHeicontributedtodozensofstudiesfromthehundredsexecutedduringhismission”可知，VandeHei為太空研究做出了巨大的貢獻(xiàn)。故選C。4.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的“Afterthecrewgoesthroughpost-landingmedicalchecks,theywillbeflowntotherecoverystagingcityinKaraganda,Kazakhstan,onRussianhelicopters”可知，這三人在完成著陸后的醫(yī)療檢查后，他們將乘坐俄羅斯直升機(jī)飛往哈薩克斯坦的卡拉干達(dá)康復(fù)中心進(jìn)行身體康復(fù)。故選A?！?二)1.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Ourexpertscontinuetoverifyeachreportanditisfearedthatothersiteswillbeaddedtothislist”可知專家們認(rèn)為可能會(huì)有更多的文化古跡被破壞，因此要繼續(xù)核實(shí)。故選A。2.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“ItheldregularonlinemeetingswithWorldHeritagesitemanagers,museumdirectors,nationalmonumentofficialsandlocalheritageprotectionassociationsinUkrainetoprovideexpertiseandpracticaladvice.”可知聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織定期與烏克蘭的世界遺產(chǎn)管理人員、博物館館長(zhǎng)、國(guó)家紀(jì)念碑官員和地方遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)協(xié)會(huì)舉行在線會(huì)議，以提供專業(yè)知識(shí)和實(shí)用建議。故選C。3.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的第一句可知，聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織幫助烏克蘭尋找保存文物的安全地方，并加強(qiáng)消防程序；根據(jù)最后一段的“senthimlocationdataoftheheritagesitesinUkraine”可知該組織告知了俄羅斯官員關(guān)于遺址的位置。只有B項(xiàng)未被提到。故選B。4.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“ifculturalsitesaremarkedwithblueshields,itmeanstheyareundertheprotectionoftheconvention”可知標(biāo)有藍(lán)盾標(biāo)識(shí)的文化遺址受公約保護(hù)，即要使文化遺址受到保護(hù)，可以用藍(lán)盾加以標(biāo)識(shí)。故選A?！?三)1.B詞意指代題。根據(jù)本句內(nèi)容“這顆異常明亮的流星在爆炸時(shí)，時(shí)速為3.5萬(wàn)英里/小時(shí)”可知這里的it指代的是流星，即那顆火球。故選B。2.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“...whenitexplodedintheskyneartheLouis