考研英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作新思維基礎(chǔ)教程

寫(xiě)作新思維基礎(chǔ)課程第一部分：句子層面的中英思維轉(zhuǎn)換(\?學(xué)會(huì)調(diào)整中英文間的定語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)順序?學(xué)會(huì)巧妙的掩藏謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞\J一.熱身——主謂的確定.問(wèn)題出現(xiàn)[Problemsarise.].我認(rèn)為……[Iholdtheviewthat][Ithasbeensaidthat].人們喜歡…[Peopleprefer...1.人們擔(dān)心…[peopleareconcernedabout...].人們意識(shí)到[peoplebecomeconsciousof].人們忽略…[peopledisregard/turnablindeyeto/turnadeafearto].國(guó)家面臨問(wèn)題[countriesfaceproblems][Theproblemliesin...].政府強(qiáng)調(diào)[Thegovernmentemphasizesthat...].消費(fèi)者不相信廣告[Consumersareskepticalaboutadvertisements].藝術(shù)反映現(xiàn)實(shí)[Artsreflect/representlife.].人類(lèi)利用資源[Humanbeingsdrawuponnaturalresources].工作要求資格[Thejobrequiresqualification.][Thegovernmenttakesstepstodo...].國(guó)家經(jīng)歷危機(jī)[Thecountryexperiencesacrisis.].國(guó)家遭受損失[Thecountrysuffersfromaloss.].電視影響人的生活[TVexertsaninfluenceuponourlife.].本課程訓(xùn)練獨(dú)立思考能力[Thecoursetrainsyoutothinkforyourself.].汽車(chē)在夏天往往過(guò)熱[Thecartendstooverheatinsummer.].評(píng)論引爭(zhēng)起論[Theremarkgivesrisetodiscussion.].理論來(lái)源于實(shí)踐[Theoryoriginatesfrompractice.].做人應(yīng)該堅(jiān)持原則[Oneshouldadheretoone'sownprinciples.].調(diào)查顯示[Therecentsurveydemonstratesthat..].報(bào)道揭露社會(huì)陰暗面[Thereportexposesthedarksideofthesociety1.政府掩蓋事實(shí)[Thegovernmentconcealsthefact].青年人調(diào)整自己適應(yīng)社會(huì)[Theyoungadjustthemselvestotheconditionsofthesociety.].新款福特汽車(chē)開(kāi)始流行[ThenewmodelofFordcomesintofashion.].潮流顯現(xiàn)[Anewtrendshowsitself.].潮流依舊[Thetrendremainsunaltered.].饑餓在某些區(qū)依然存在[Hungerpersistsinsomeareas.].生活充滿不公正[Lifeisfullofinjustice.].充滿激情、渴望[Haveaburningpassion/desirefor].接觸自然[Beexposedtonature].電影獲得注意[themoviereceivesattention]二.定語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)的順序調(diào)整找出定語(yǔ)Anumberofdevelopedcountriesfaceincreasinglypressingpopu1ationproblems.Thefantasticmoviereceivestremendousattentioninthepress.Theexisting-olicywhichhasfailedtokeeppacewiththedevelopmentoftheeconomyaffectsordinarypeopleonlowincomeZoos,agreattouristattractionwhichbooststhelocaltourism,aresimplynolongeraplaceofentertainmentandrecreation.麗諾?拉姆齊太太是一個(gè)非常富有的老婦人，多年來(lái)，二直同她養(yǎng)的貓拉斯特斯一起住在一所公寓里。MrsEleanorRamsay,averywealthyoldlady,hassharedaflatwithhercat,Rastus,foragreatmanyyears.Travellingataheightof30,000feet,farabovetheclouds,andatover500milesanhourisanexhilaratingexperience.Theinsurmountabletaskofgreatsignificancerequiresateamofhighlyqualifiedworkerswithampleexperience.AuntHarrietdiscoveredthattherewerepilesofemptywinebottlesofallshapesandsizesneatlystackedinwhathadoncebeenBessie'swardrobe.Pumasarelarge,cat-likeanimalswhicharefoundinAmerica.Linedupagainstthewall,therewerelongthinwiresattachedtometalspheres.Buriedsomewhereindeepgrass,thereisarustinglawn-mowerwhichIhavepromisedtorepaironeday.Theyhadlargeroomswithbeautifullydecoratedwalls.Readingisonlyapartialsolution,forthemonotonousrhythmofthewheelsclickingontherailssoonlullsyoutosleep.Ifthelandscapeishiddenfromview,youcanenjoytheextraordinarysightofunbrokencloudplainsthatstretchoutformilesbeforeyou.定語(yǔ)位置調(diào)整.穿越平原的道路崎嶇不平Theroughroadacrosstheplain [NCE3-Lesson39].那一向相待大家很好的可愛(ài)的老婦人adearoldladywhohadalwaysbeensokindtoeverybody[NCE3-Lesson24].即使是對(duì)藝術(shù)不感興趣的人也不會(huì)不注意到在公共場(chǎng)所展出的現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)品。Evenpeoplewhotakenointerestinartcannothavefailedtonoticeexamplesofmodernsculptureondisplayinpublicplaces.[NCE3-Lessonl8].人們所熟悉的是懸掛在天花板上的、造型奇特、隨風(fēng)飄蕩的雕塑品。Oddlyshapedformsthataresuspendedfromtheceilingandmoveinresponsetoagustofwindarequitefamiliartoeverybody.[NCE3-Lessonl8]Mary與丈夫Dimitri逐在希臘南部一個(gè)叫Perachora的小村莊里。Mary最珍貴的(prize)財(cái)產(chǎn)(possession)之一就是丈夫送給他的一只白色小羊羔MaryandherhusbandDimitrilivedinthetinyvillageofPerachorainsouthernGreece.OneofMary'sprizepossessionswasalittlewhitelambwhichherhusbandhadgivenher. [NCE3-Lesson16]靠墻排列著許多細(xì)長(zhǎng)的電線，而電線又連著金屬球。[NCE3-Lessonl8]Linedupagainstthewall,therewerelongthinwiresattachedtometalspheres.驅(qū)動(dòng)輪子的鏈條斷了一節(jié)Oneofthelinksthatdrivesthewheelshadsnapped.（三）狀語(yǔ)位置調(diào)整Hesaysnothingaboutthepoorselectionofgoodsintheshops,oraboutthoseunfortunatepeoplewhohavetotravelfromthecountrytothecityeverydaytogettowork.Fewthingscouldbemoreimpressivethanthepeacethatdescendsondesertedcitystreetsatweek-endswhenthethousandsthattraveltoworkeverydayaretuckedawayintheirhomesinthecountry.However,hehadatlastbeenallowedtosendafaxinwhichheinformedtheeditorthathehadbeenarrestedwhilecountingthe1084stepsleadingtothe15-footwallwhichsurroundedthepresident'spalace.[NCE3-Lesson5]三.巧藏謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞：S+V,［狀語(yǔ)從句］/［分詞］/［介詞/adv］輕輕的我走了，正如我輕輕的來(lái)；我輕輕的招手，作別西天的云彩。Quietly,Ideparted,AsIcamelikewise,Gentlywavingfarewell,lbcloudsaroundthesettingsun.（一） 狀語(yǔ)從句及定語(yǔ).原理：)S( )+V[.狀語(yǔ)成分添加練習(xí)：例：￡□狀語(yǔ)從句的添加Bushwonhiselection,becauseheheldapositiononmoralissuewhichunderscorestheimportanceofthechurch'seffortstoprotecttraditionalvaluesregardingthefamilyandlife.［原因］AlthoughtheIraqwarhasbeenadisaster,andBush'selitistdomesticagendaisunpopularwithvoters,Bushwonhiselectionanyway.［讓步］Bushwonhiselection,sothatheplungedU.S.intofurtherthreatofterrorism.［結(jié)果］AshasbeenexpectedbythehundredsofRepublicansupporterswhogatheredtwoblocksfromtheWhiteHouseafteralongnightofpollwatchinganduncertainty,Bushwonhiselection［situation］ca練習(xí)1Theyoungchallengethetradition令方式［by］令目的［inorderto1令讓步［though］令原因［for1令條件［if］?結(jié)果［sothat1令方式[byshowingofftheirindividualstyleinclothesorhair]令目的[inordertobeuniqueinthecrowdlfgainmoreattentionfromothers]令讓步[thoughcomplainedbytheirelders]令原因[forlobeaproblemgivesthemanidentity!令條件[iftheirparentscontinuallyimposetheirownmoralvaluesonthem]令結(jié)果|sothattheywillbroadenthegenerationgap]令Togainattentionfromothers,youngpeoplechallengetraditionsintensely,byshowingofftheirindividualstyleinclothesorhair.Despitecomplaintsfromtheirparents,tobeuniqueisinvariablyfascinating,fortobeaproblemgivesthemanidentity.Iftheirelderscontinuallyimposetheirownmoralvaluesonthem,inevitably,theirradicalactivitieswillbroadenthegenerationgap.61由練習(xí)2white-collar-workerschangejobs由練習(xí)3profiteerssellfakeconsumersgoods2.發(fā)展例證段例：Nowadays,iheunderlyingirendoflakingparl-limejobamongcollegesludenlsbecomeincreasinglyclear.1AstheresultofarecentsurveyamonganumberofkeyuniversitiesinPekingreveals,tightastimeis,agrowingnumberofcollegestudentstakethetemporaryjobintheneighborhoodofthecollegeintheirleisuretime,fortheyintenttowinfinancialindependencefromtheirfamilies.2Oneofmyroommates,inspiteofcomplaintsaboutthebusylife,hasfoundthethirdpart-timejob,atutor,forsheintendedtoaccumulatejob-specificexperience.Arecentsurveyoftheeffectsofnoiserevealed(surprisingly)thatdogsbarkingincessantlyinthenightratedthehighestformofnoisepollutiononascalerangingfrom1to7. NCE3-Lesson47￡□練習(xí)1TheyoungchallengethetraditionCQ練習(xí)2white-collar-workerschangejobsC2練習(xí)3profiteerssellfakeconsumersgoods(二)分詞1.主語(yǔ)一致的分詞做狀語(yǔ)令原理：￡3初級(jí)練習(xí)：Helookedathiswatch,andhesawthatitwasoneo'clockLookingathiswatch,hesawthatitwasoneo'clockHewasarmedwithatorch,andthevicarwentupintotheclocktowertoseewhatwasgoingon.Armedwithatorch,thevicarwentupintotheclocktowertoseewhatwasgoingon.Beforehereturnedhomeatnight,hetookashowerandchangedbackintohissuit.Beforereturninghomeatnight,hetookashowerandchangedbackintohissuit.Afterhegazedatthedisplayforseveralminutes,MrTaylorwentbackintohisshop.Aftergazingatthedisplayforseveralminutes,MrTaylorwentbackintohisshop.TheTitanicturnedjustintime,narrowlymissingtheimmensewalloficewhichroseover100feetoutofthewaterbesideher.TheTitanicturnedjustintime,sothatitnarrowymissedtheimmensewalloficewhichroseover100feetoutofthewaterbesideher.Thoughheownedalargecar,hehardlyeverusedit,preferringalwaystogoonfoot.Thoughheownedalargecar,hehardlyeverusedit,forhepreferredalwaystogoonfoot.Ifthemarecookedinwine,snailsareagreatluxuryinvariouspartsoftheworld.Cookedinwine,snailsareagreatluxuryinvariouspartsoftheworld.Inordertoavoidcollidingwiththetaxi,IveeredshapelyToavoidcollidingwiththetaxi,Iveeredshapely.Onenight,however,feelingcoldandlonely,Iwentdownstairsandsatinfrontofthetelevisionpretendingtoread.

shetriedtoexplainthesituation,saying"it'sonlyme”!Bewildered,wondenngwhatonearthhewassupposedtohavedonethistime,HarrygotupandfollowedUncleVernonoutofthekitchenandintothenextroom.Shestandsatthedoorstill.Ashamedofhavingactedsorashly,DimitriapologizedtoAlekoforhavingaccusedhim.Fearingtoawakethebaby,Islippedawaysoftly.Inevitablyyouarriveatyourdestinationalmostexhausted.Allmenarecreatedequal.Weenjoystaringatthementrancedastheygoabouttheirbusiness,unaware(wehope)ofourpresence.?做個(gè)有趣的小練習(xí)

漁者Tisder■ 撒■ Cdst/scorchingnet滾燙的網(wǎng)■ 浸■ ImmerseIntheicy6rine冰冷的海■ 收落■ (DrawupJ?dampenedheart潮濕的心情■ Sai(? 搖(Be6a氏TbthelonelyHarborofmine...回一個(gè)人的港 ffl高級(jí)練習(xí)：11）她手捧一束鮮花，向兒子揮手告別，望著兒子遠(yuǎn)去的身影，兩行熱淚奪眶而出。Holdingabunchofflowersinherhand,shewaswavinghersongoodbye,seeinghimoffandreducingtotears.12)就在你接電話時(shí)，孩子把桌布從桌子上扯了下來(lái)，將家中最好的陶瓷餐具(crockery)半數(shù)砸碎，同時(shí)也弄傷了他自己。Whileyouareonthephone,thebabypullsthetable-clothoffthetable,smashinghalfyourbestcrockeryandcuttinghimselfintheprocess.13)和平時(shí)期，當(dāng)生意蕭條時(shí)，Hawkwood邊帶領(lǐng)他的士兵進(jìn)入某個(gè)城邦(city.state),縱火燒毀一兩個(gè)農(nóng)場(chǎng)，然后提出，如果向他們繳納保護(hù)金離，他們便主動(dòng)離開(kāi)。Intimesofpeace,whenbusinesswasbad,Hawkwoodandhismenwouldmarchintoacity-stateand,afterburningdownafewfarms,wouldoffertogoawayifprotectionmoneywaspaidtothem.14）我在地毯上跳過(guò)來(lái)蹦過(guò)去，扭曲身子，擺出各種姿勢(shì)，弄得渾身不舒服，然后做到桌子邊吃早飯，一副精疲力竭的樣子。Afterjumpingaboutonthecarpetandtwistingthehumanframeintouncomfortablepositions,Isatdownatthebreakfasttableinanexhaustedcondition.2.主語(yǔ)不一致的分詞做狀語(yǔ)原理：Withsomuchworktodo,hehadtostayuptonight.S，+,S+VWithglasseson,hedidhisworkmorequicklyS'+,S+VWiththeworkfinished,helefttheofficeS，+,S+VWiththedooropen,helefttheoffice.S，+,S+VWithabunchofflowersinhishand,hecameintothebedroom.S'+,S+VShesattheresilent,withtearsstreamingdownherrosychecks.S'+,S+VThesilencewassuddenlybroken[whenalargecar,withitsheadlightsonanditshornblaring,roareddownthearcade.]Itcametoastopoutsidethejewelefs.Onemanstayedatthewheel[whiletwootherswithblackstockingsovertheirfacesjumpedoutandsmashedthewindowoftheshopwithironbars.]Q練習(xí)：Hehobbledintotheroom.Hishairwasunkemptanddirty.Hisclotheswerestainedandtattered.HistoeswerestickingoutofhisshoesHehobbledintotheroom,hairunkemptanddirty,clothesstainedandtattered,andtoesstickingoutofhisshoesAyounggirlwasstandingaloneatthecomerofthestreet.Sheseemedwaitingforsomeone.Sheheldafashionablepurseinherhands.Standingaloneatthecomerofthestreet,ayounggirlseemedwaitingforsomeonewithafashionablepurseinherhandsAboySatinthemiddleoftheroom.Helookedanxious.HeputhislefthandinhispocketSittinginthemiddleoftheroom,aboylookedanxious,withhislefthandputinhispocket.IwentintotheofficeWithmyhandssweating,(with)myhairstandingonend,(with)myheartpoundingWithmyfacebrightenedup,(with)eyestwinkling,(with)smileshining.Withmyspiritdampened,withmyfeetshambling/trudged,withmyeyesmistedwithtears.Tall,thinandbalding,hemovedtowardsuncleVernon,hishandoutstretched,butuncleVernonbackedawayseveralpaces,draggingAuntPetunia.Thismadethedriverwhowasfollowingherbrakehard.Hiswifewassittingbesidehimandshewasholdingalargecake.Asshewasthrownforward,thecakewentrightthroughthewindscreenandlandedontheroad.Alorry-driverwasdrawingupalongsidethecar.Hesawacakeflyingthroughtheairandpulledupallofasudden.Thismadethedriverfollowingherbrakehard.Hiswifewassittingbesidehimholdingalargecake.Withshethrownforward,thecakewentrightthroughthewindscreenandlandedontheroad.Seeingacakeflyingthroughtheair,alorry-driverwhowasdrawingupalongsidethecar,pulledupallofasudden.3.介詞及副詞1)走上樓并進(jìn)入房間2）從田里歸來(lái)3）一聲大喊從墻后傳出4）瓶子滑落到地上5）她跳出來(lái)?yè)涞轿疑砩?）一枚硬幣掉到井里不見(jiàn)了7）他踩到一塊冰上滑到了第二部分：詞匯層面的中英思維轉(zhuǎn)換一.詞匯的個(gè)性化——換詞庫(kù)[conj]Assoonas themomentbeabouttojustasattheverymomentthatNotonly...butalso notonly...butaswell/aswellasthoughsothatbecausebutSooneverybodygotusedtotheidea,butmyenthusiasmwaned.Sooneverybodygotusedtotheidea.However,myenthusiasmwaned.OneofMary'sprizepossessionswasalittlewhitelambwhichherhusbandhadgivenher,butoneevening,theIambwasmissing.OneofMary'sprizepossessionswasalittlewhitelambwhichherhusbandhadgivenher.Oneevening,however,thelambwasmissing.Duringthesummermonths,themonasteryisverybusy,butinwinter,lifeatthemonasteryisquitedifferent.Duringthesummermonths,themonasteryisverybusy,Inwinter,however,lifeatthemonasteryisquitedifferent.Allthecattlehadbeenmovedintostallsandwestoodtoloselittle,butwewereworriedaboutournearestneighbors.Allthecattlehadbeenmovedintostallsandwestoodtoloselittle.Wewere,however,worriedaboutournearestneighborsMostofourfearsareunreasonable,buttheyareimpossibletoerase.Atthesametime,however,insectsarestrangelyfascinating.so+adjthatModalVerbMustbe beboundtoeg.Thecomingofautomationisboundtohaveimportantsocialconsequencecannotbe It'simpossiblethat...sbcandosth sbneverfailtodosth.[adj][adv].without---independentofeg.Idosomefurtherresearchwithouttheprofessor'sinstruction..many agood/greatmanymanyaa(large)numberofnumerous/countless acoupleofadozenofseveraldozensoftensofhundredsofthousandsoftensofthousandsofhundredsofthousandsofmuch agood/greatdeal untold/infinitemostofus——the(vast)majorityofpeoplemorethan well/far/littlemorethanmoreandmore increasinglymore/lessthemost令I(lǐng)fitisnot,andyouarelikelytogetsea-sick,noformoftransportcouldbeworse.令Butnothingcanmatchthemforspeedandcomfort.令Nothingcanbecompared,hemaintains,withthefirstcockcrow,thetwitteringofbirdsatdawn,thesightoftherisingsunglintingonthetreesandpastures.令Fewthingscouldbemoreimpressivethanthepeacethatdescendsondesertedcitystreetsatweek-ends令Nocreaturehasreceivedmorepraiseandabusethanthecommongardensnail.sthisveryimportant sthissignificant sthisofgreatimportance/significancevery extraordinarily^exceptionally卜?remarkably/particularly?extremely/infinitely/endlessly quite/fairlyratherpretty/perfectly時(shí)間頻率副詞neverseldom/rarely/hardly/barely/scarcelysometimes---occasionallyoften---frequentlyusually---continuallyalways---invariablyAdv的替換Below,thecaptainrealizedthattheTitanicwassinkingrapidly.Theteacherwentthroughmybag.Theteacherpouncedonthepieceofpaperfullofwords.Theteacherquestionedme.TheOfficerwentthroughthecasecarefully.AllthethingsIhadpackedsocarefullyweresooninadreadfulmess.Tomydismay,IfeltsureIwouldneverbeabletoclosethecaseagain.Suddenly,Hehadspottedatinybottleatthebottomofmycaseandhepouncedonitdelightedly.參考答案：TheOfficerwentthroughthecasewithgreatcare.AllthethingsIhadpackedsocarefullyweresooninadreadfulmess.Tomydismay,IfeltsureIwouldneverbeabletoclosethecaseagain.Suddenly,Hehadspottedatinybottleatthebottomofmycaseandhepouncedonitwithdelight.[Verb]Wantto tendto/wishto[good]intendtomanagetogetroundtotrytodo exertoneselftodotryone'sbesttodo exertone'sutmosttodoexerteverypossibleefforttodoIthinkthat Iholdtheviewthat...Fmconvincedthat...Sbthinkthat sbunderthedelusion/illusionthat...formanunrealisticpictureof...Sb.claim/assumethat...It'shadbeensaidthat....dislike----sthneverappealtome--一despisehappy——go/run/fly/burstintorapturesinfluence--benefit? affect?have have-???boast/enjoy?-一sufferfrom?bear[feeling/view]-一cherish[wish]???exert[influence] possess!talent/gift1二詞匯的多樣化（一）經(jīng)典例子分析Wehaveallexperienceddayswheneverythinggoeswrong.Adaymaybeginwellenough,butsuddenlyeverythingseemstogetoutofcontrol.Whatinvariablyhappensisthatagreatnumberofthingschoosetogowrongatpreciselythesamemoment.Itisasifasingleunimportanteventsetupachainofreactions.LetussupposethatyouarepreparingamealandkeepinganeyeonthebabyThetelephoneringsandthismarksthepreludetoanunforeseenseriesofcatastrophes.youareonthephone,thebabypullsthetable-clothoffthetablesmashinghalfyourbestcrockeryandcuttinghimself Youhanguphurriedlyandattendtobaby,crockery,etc.,themealgetsburnt.Asifthiswerenotenoughtoreduceyoutotears,yourhusbandarrives,unexpectedlybringingthreegueststodinner.L33Youcanstretchyourlegsonthespaciousdecks,playgames,swim,meetinterestingpeopleandenjoygoodfood-alwaysassuming,ofcourse,thattheseaiscalm.Ifitisnot,andyouarelikelytogetsea-sick,noformoftransportcouldbeworse.Evenifyoutravel,seajourneystakealongtime.Shopscaterforthedo-it-yourselfcrazenotonlybyspecialadvisoryservicesfornovices,butbyconsumersbitsandpieceswhichtheycanassembleathome.Suchthingsanexcellentoutletfbrpent-upcreativeenergy,butunfortunatelynotallofusarebomhandymen.Duringtherushhouroneeveningtwocarscollidedandbothdriversbegantoargue.Thewomanimmediatelybehindthetwocarshappenedtobealearner.Shesuddenlygotintoapanicandhercar.Thismadethedriverfollowingher ,Hiswifewassittingbesidehimholdingalargecake.Asshewasthrownforward,thecakewentrightthroughthewindscreenandlandedontheroad.Seeingacakeflyingthroughtheair,alorry-driverwhowasalongsidethecarallofasudden.Thelorrywasloadedwithemptybeerbottlesandhundredsofthemslidoffthebackofthevehicleandontotheroad.Thisledtoyetanotherangryargument.Meanwhile,thetrafficbehind.Thoughitmaybepossibletomeasurethevalueofmaterialgoodsintermsofmoney,itisextremelydifficulttothetruevalueoftheserviceswhichpeopleperformforus.Thegreatship,Titanic,sailedforNewYorkfromSouthamptononApril10th,1912.Shewascarrying1316passengersandacrewof891.Evenbymodernstandards,the46,000tonTitanicwasacolossalship.Atthattime,however,shewasnotonlythelargestshipthathadeverbeenbuilt,butwasregardedasunsinkable,forshehadsixteenwater-tightcompartments.Childrenalwaysappreciatesmallgiftsofmoney.Father,ofcourse,providesaregularsupplyofpocket-money,butunclesandauntsarealwaysasourceofextraincome.Ifyoucandowithoutthefewpastoralpleasuresofthecountry,youwillfindthecitycanprovideyouwiththebestthatlifecanoffer.Robertwastoseemeandequallywithmylittlegift.Heisforeverthefriendlypeople,thecleanatmosphere,theclosenesstonatureandthegentlepaceofliving.Nothingcanbecompared,hewiththefirstcockcrow,thetwitteringofbirdsatdawn,thesightoftherisingsunglintingonthetreesandpastures.Myfriendthelongandfriendlesswintereveningswhichareinterruptedonlybyanoccasionalvisittothelocalcinema-virtuallytheonlyformofentertainment.Hethepoorselectionofgoodsintheshops,oraboutthoseunfortunatepeoplewhohavetotravelfromthecountrytothecityeverydaytogettowork.Suddenlytheycametoawaterfallwhichdroppedintoanundergroundlakeatthebottomofthecave.Theyplungedintothelake,andafterloadingtheirgearonaninflatablerubberdinghy,letthecurrentcarrythemtotheotherside.Toprotectthemselvesfromtheicywater,theyhadtowearspecialrubbersuits.Atthefarendofthelake,theycametohugepilesofrubblewhichhadbeenwashedupbythewater.Inthispartofthecave,theycouldhearaninsistentboomingsoundwhichtheyfoundwascausedbyasmallwater-spoutshootingdownintoapoolfromtheroofofthecave.Thestoryofafamilythatacquiredfameandfortuneovernight,dramaticallyillustratesthepowerofthepress.ThefamilylivedinAberdeen,asmalltownof23,000inhabitantsinSouthDakota.Astheparentshadfivechildren,lifewasTheywereexpectingtheirsixthchildand.Iftheyhadonlyhadonemorechild,thefactwouldhavepassedunnoticed.TheywouldhavecontinuedtoandwouldhaveButtheysuddenlybecametheparentsofquintuplets,fourgirlsandaboy,aneventwhichradicallychangedtheirlives.Thedayafterthebirthofthefivechildren,anaeroplanearrivedinAberdeenbringingsixtyreportersandphotographers.Knowingthattheindustriousantlivesinahighlyorganizedsocietydoesnothingtopreventusfrombeingfilledwithrevulsionwhenwefindhordesofthemcrawlingoveracarefullypreparedpicniclunch....Whohasnotstoodinaweatthesightofaspiderpouncingonafly,oracolumnofantstriumphantlybearinghomeanenormousdeadbeetle?...LastsummerIspentdaysinthegardenwatchingthousandsofantscrawlingupthetrunkofmyprizepeachtree....Duringthesummer,Inoticedthattheleavesofthetreewerebeginningtowither.Clustersoftinyinsectscalledaphidesweretobefoundontheundersideoftheleaves.Theywerevisitedbyacolonyofantswhichobtainedasortofhoneyfromthem.參考答案：Wehaveallexperienceddayswheneverythinggoeswrong.Adaymaybeginwellenough,butsuddenlyeverythingseemstogetoutofcontrol.Whatinvariablyhappensisthatagreatnumberofthingschoosetogowrongatpreciselythesamemoment.Itisasifasingleunimportanteventsetupachainofreactions.Letussupposethatyouarepreparingamealandkeepinganeyeonthebabyatthesametime.Thetelephoneringsandthismarksthepreludetoanunforeseenseriesofcatastrophes.Whileyouareonthephone,thebabypullsthetable-clothoffthetablesmashinghalfyourbestcrockeryandcuttinghimselfintheprocess.Youhanguphurriedlyandattendtobaby,crockery,etc.Meanwhile,themealgetsburnt.Asifthiswerenotenoughtoreduceyoutotears,yourhusbandarrives,unexpectedlybringingthreegueststodinner.L33Youcanstretchyourlegsonthespaciousdecks,playgames,swim,meetinterestingpeopleandenjoygoodfood-alwaysassuming,ofcourse,thattheseaiscalm.Ifitisnot,andyouarelikelytogetsea-sick,noformoftransportcouldbeworse.Evenifyoutravelinidealweather,seajourneystakealongtime.Shopscaterforthedo-it-yourselfcrazenotonlybyrunningspecialadvisoryservicesfornovices,butbyofferingconsumersbitsandpieceswhichtheycanassembleathome.Suchthingsprovideanexcellentoutletforpent-upcreativeenergy,butunfortunatelynotallofusarebornhandymen.Duringtherushhouroneeveningtwocarscollidedandbothdriversbegantoargue.Thewomanimmediatelybehindthetwocarshappenedtobealearner.Shesuddenlygotintoapanicandstoppedhercar.Thismadethedriverfollowingherbrakehard.Hiswifewassittingbesidehimholdingalargecake.Asshewasthrownforward,thecakewentrightthroughthewindscreenandlandedontheroad.Seeingacakeflyingthroughtheair,alorry-driverwhowasdrawingupalongsidethecarpulledupallofasudden.Thelorrywasloadedwithemptybeerbottlesandhundredsofthemslidoffthebackofthevehicleandontotheroad.Thisledtoyetanotherangryargument.Meanwhile,thetrafficpiledupbehind.Thoughitmaybepossibletomeasurethevalueofmaterialgoodsintermsofmoney,itisextremelydifficulttoestimatethetruevalueoftheserviceswhichpeopleperformforus.Thegreatship,Titanic,sailedforNewYorkfromSouthamptononApril10th,1912.Shewascarrying1316passengersandacrewof891.Evenbymodernstandards,the46,(X)0tonTitanicwasacolossalship.Atthattime,however,shewasnotonlythelargestshipthathadeverbeenbuilt,butwasregardedasunsinkable,forshehadsixteenwater-tightcompartments.Childrenalwaysappreciatesmallgiftsofmoney.Father,ofcourse,providesaregularsupplyofpocket-money,butunclesandauntsarealwaysasourceofextraincome.Ifyoucandowithoutthefewpastoralpleasuresofthecountry,youwillfindthecitycanprovideyouwiththebestthatlifecanoffer.Robertwasdelightedtoseemeandequallypleasedwithmylittlegift.Heisforevertalkingaboutthefriendlypeople,thecleanatmosphere,theclosenesstonatureandthegentlepaceofliving.Nothingcanbecompared,hemaintains,withthefirstcockcrow,thetwitteringofbirdsatdawn,thesightoftherisingsunglintingonthetreesandpastures.Myfriendfailstomentionthelongandfriendlesswintereveningswhichareinterruptedonlybyanoccasionalvisittothelocalcinema-virtuallytheonlyformofentertainment.Hesaysnothingaboutthepoorselectionofgoodsintheshops,oraboutthoseunfortunatepeoplewhohavetotravelfromthecountrytothecityeverydaytogettowork.Suddenlytheycametoawaterfallwhichdroppedintoanundergroundlakeatthebottomofthecave.Theyplungedintothelake,andafterloadingtheirgearonaninflatablerubberdinghy,letthecurrentcarrythemtotheotherside.Toprotectthemselvesfromtheicywater,theyhadtowearspecialrubbersuits.Atthefarendofthelake,theycametohugepilesofrubblewhichhadbeenwashedupbythewaler.Inthispartofthecave,theycouldhearaninsistentboomingsoundwhichtheyfoundwascausedbyasmallwater-spoutshootingdownintoapoolfromtheroofofthecave.Thestoryofapoorfamilythatacquiredfameandfortuneovernight,dramaticallyillustratesthepowerofthepress.ThefamilylivedinAberdeen,asmalltownof23,000inhabitantsinSouthDakota.Astheparentshadfivechildren,lifewasaperpetualstruggleagainstpoverty.Theywereexpectingtheirsixthchildandfacedwithevenmorepressingeconomicproblems.Iftheyhadonlyhadonemorechild,thefactwouldhavepassedunnoticed.Theywouldhavecontinued