考研考博-英語-義烏工商職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-義烏工商職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Thegloveswerereallytoosmall,anditwasonlyby（）themthatImanagedtogetthemon.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.spreading

B.squeezing

C.extending

D.stretching

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。spread“傳播，散步”；squeeze“壓榨，榨取”;extend“延長(zhǎng)，擴(kuò)展”；stretch“伸展，拉伸”。句意：這副手套太小了，只有不停地拉伸它才能將它戴上。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

2.單選題

SectionA

Theroleofgovernmentsinenvironmentalmanagementisdifficultbutinescapable.Sometimes,thestatetriestomanagetheresourcesitowns,anddoessobadly.Often,however,governmentsactinanevenmoreharmfulway.Theyactuallysubsidizetheexploitationandconsumptionofnaturalresources.Awholerangeofpolicies,fromfarmpricesupporttoprotectionforcoal-mining,doenvironmentaldamageand(often)makenoeconomicsense.Scrappingthemoffersatwo-foldbonus:acleanerenvironmentandamoreefficienteconomy.Growthandenvironmentalismcanactuallygohandinhand,ifpoliticianshavethecouragetocontrolthevestedinterestthatsubsidiescreate.

SectionB

Noactivityaffectsmoreoftheearth’ssurfacethanfarming.Itshapesathirdoftheplanet’slandarea,notcountingAntarctica,andtheproportionisrising.Worldfoodoutputperheadhasrisenby4percentbetweenthe1970sand1980smainlyasaresultofincreasesinyieldsfromlandalreadyincultivation,butalsobecausemorelandhasbeenbroughtundertheplough.Higheryieldshavebeenachievedbyincreasedirrigation,bettercropbreeding,andadoublingintheuseofpesticidesandchemicalfertilizersinthe1970sand1980s.

SectionC

Alltheseactivitiesmayhavedamagingenvironmentimpacts.Forexample,landclearingforagricultureisthelargestsinglecauseofdeforestation;chemicalfertilizersandpesticidesmaycontaminatewatersupplies;moreintensivefarmingandtheabandonmentoffallowperiodstendtoexacerbatesoilerosion;andthespreadofmonocultureanduseofhigh-yieldingvarietiesofcropshavebeenaccompaniedbythedisappearanceofoldvarietiesoffoodplantswhichmighthaveprovidedsomeinsuranceagainstpestsofdiseasesinfuture.Soilerosionthreatenstheproductivityoflandinbothrichandpoorcountries.TheUnitedState,wherethemostcarefulmeasurementshavebeendone,discoveredin1982thataboutone-fifthofitsfarmlandwaslosingtopsoilataratelikelytodiminishthesoil’sproductivity.Thecountrysubsequentlyembarkeduponaprogramtoconvert11percentofitscroppedlandtomeadoworforest.TopsoilinIndiaandChinaisvanishingmuchfasterthanAmerica.

SectionD

Governmentpolicieshavefrequentlycompoundedtheenvironmentaldamagethatfarmingcancause.Intherichcountries,subsidiesforgrowingcropsandpricesupportsforfarmoutputdriveupthepriceofland.Theannualvalueofthesesubsidiesisimmense;about$250billion,ormorethanallWorldBanklendinginthe1980s.Toincreasetheoutputofcropsperacre,afarmer’seasiestoptionistousemoreofthemostreadilyavailableinputs:fertilizersandpesticides.FertilizerusedoubledinDenmarkintheperiod1960-1985andincreasedinTheNetherlandsby150percent.Thequantityofpesticidesappliedhasrisentoo:by69percentin1975-1984inDenmark,forexample,withariseof115percentinthefrequencyofapplicationinthethreeyearsfrom1981.

Inthelate1980sandearly1990ssomeeffortsweremadetoreducefarmsubsidies.ThemostdramaticexamplewasthatofNewZealand,whichscrappedmostfarmsupportin1984.Astudyoftheenvironmentaleffects,conductedin1993,foundthattheendoffertilizersubsidieshadbeenfollowedbyafallinfertilizeruse(afallcompoundedbythedeclineinworldcommodityprices,whichcutfarmincomes).Theremovalofsubsidiesalsostoppedland-cleaningandover-stocking,whichinthepasthadbeentheprincipalcausesoferosion.Farmsbegantodiversify.Theonekindofsubsidywhoseremovalappearedtohavebeenbadfortheenvironmentwassubsidytomanagesoilerosion.

Inlessenlightenedcountries,andintheEuropeanUnion,thetrendhasbeentoreduceratherthaneliminatesubsidies,andtointroducenewpaymentstoencouragefarmerstotreattheirlandinenvironmentallyfriendlierways,ortoleaveitfallow.Itmaysoundstrangebutsuchpaymentsneedtobehigherthantheexistingincentivesforfarmerstogrowfoodcrops.Farmers,however,dislikebeingpaidtodonothing.Inseveralcountries,theyhavebecomeinterestedinthepossibilityofusingfuelproducedfromcropresidueseitherasareplacementforpetrol(asethanol)orasfuelforpowerstations(asbiomass).Suchfuelsproducefarlesscarbondioxidethancoaloroil,andabsorbcarbondioxideastheygrow.Theyarethereforelesslikelytocontributetothegreenhouseeffect.Buttheyarerarelycompetitivewithfossilfuelsunlesssubsidizedandgrowingthemdoesnolessenvironmentalharmthanothercrops.

SectionE

Inpoorcountries,governmentsaggravateothersortsofdamage.Subsidiesforpesticidesandartificialfertilizersencouragefarmerstousegreaterquantitiesthanareneededtogetthehighesteconomiccropyield.AstudybytheinternationalRiceResearchinstituteofpesticideusebyfarmersinSouthEastAsiafoundthat,withpest-resistantvarietiesofrice,evenmoderateapplicationsofpesticidefrequentlycostfarmersmorethantheysaved.Suchwasteputsfarmersonachemicaltreadmill:bugsandweedsbecomeresistanttopoisons,sonextyear’spoisonsmustbemorelethal.Onecostistohumanhealth.Everyyearsome10,000peoplediefrompesticidepoisoning,almostalloftheminthedevelopingcountries,andanother400,000becomeseriouslyill.Asforartificialfertilizers,theiruseworld-wideincreasedby40percentperunitoffarmedlandbetweenthemid1970sandlate1980s,mostlyinthedevelopingcountries.Overuseoffertilizersmaycausefarmerstostoprotatingcropsorleavingtheirlandfallow.That,inturn,maymakesoilerosionworse.

SectionF

AresultoftheUruguayRoundofworldtradenegotiationsislikelytobeareductionof36percentintheaveragelevelsoffarmsubsidiespaidbytherichcountriesin1986-1990.Someoftheworld’sfoodproductionwillmovefromWesternEuropetoregionswheresubsidiesarelowerofnon-existent,suchastheformercommunistcountriesandpartsofthedevelopingworld.Someenvironmentalistsworryaboutthisoutcome.Itwillundoubtedlymeanmorepressuretoconvertnaturalhabitatintofarmland.Butitwillalsohavemanydesirableenvironmenteffects.Theintensityoffarmingintherichworldshoulddecline,andtheuseofchemicalinputswilldiminish.Cropsaremorelikelytobegrownintheenvironmentstowhichtheyarenaturallysuited.Andmoreframersinpoorcountrieswillhavethemoneyandincentivetomanagetheirlandinwaysthataresustainableinthelongrun.Thatisimportant.Tofeedanincreasinglyhungryworld,farmersneedeveryincentivetousetheirsoilandwatereffectivelyandefficiently.

Fromthelistbelowchoosethemostsuitabletitleforthereadingpassageabove.WritetheappropriateletterA-Einbox28ontheAnswerSheet.（

）

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Environmentalmanagement

B.Increasingtheworld’sfoodsupply

C.Soilerosion

D.Fertilizersandpesticides—thewayforward

E.Farmsubsidies

【答案】A

【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段，可知文章的主要內(nèi)容為政府在農(nóng)業(yè)方面的相關(guān)政策對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境的影響。緊接著下文運(yùn)用很多國(guó)家的例子說明了政府運(yùn)用各種不同的政策來減少農(nóng)業(yè)活動(dòng)對(duì)環(huán)境帶來的各種破壞，使土壤和環(huán)境得到保護(hù)。分別討論了在富裕的國(guó)家和貧窮的國(guó)家，相關(guān)政策對(duì)環(huán)境保護(hù)帶來的影響和效果?？膳袛喑霰疚膬?nèi)容主要是圍繞環(huán)境管理開展的。Environmentalmanagement“環(huán)境管理”；Increasingtheworld’sfoodsupply“增加世界糧食供應(yīng)”；Soilerosion“土壤侵蝕”；Fertilizersandpesticides—thewayforward“化肥和殺蟲劑——未來之路”；Farmsubsidies“農(nóng)業(yè)補(bǔ)貼”。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

3.單選題

AlthoughGuthmanwasa（

）ofseveralcampaigns,hehadneverseenactiononthefrontlines.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.veteran

B.volunteer

C.victim

D.villain

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。veteran“老兵；富有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的人”；volunteer“志愿者；志愿兵”；victim“受害人；犧牲者”；villain“壞人；罪犯”。句意：盡管古斯曼是參加過幾場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)役的老兵，但是她從來沒有見過前線的場(chǎng)景。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

4.案例題

Numeration

Oneofthefirstgreatintellectualfeatsofayoungchildislearninghowtotalk,closelyfollowedbylearninghowtocount.Fromearliestchildhoodwearesoboundupwithoursystemofnumerationthatitisafeatofimaginationtoconsidertheproblemsfacedbyearlyhumanswhohadnotyetdevelopedthisfacility.Carefulconsiderationofoursystemofnumerationleadstotheconvictionthat,ratherthanbeingafacilitythatcomesnaturallytoaperson,itisoneofthegreatandremarkableachievementsofthehumanrace.

Itisimpossibletolearnthesequenceofeventsthatledtoourdevelopingtheconceptofnumber.Eventheearliestoftribeshadasystemofnumerationthat,ifnotadvancedwassufficientforthetasksthattheyhadtoperform.Ourancestorshadlittleuseforactualnumbers;insteadtheirconsiderationswouldhavebeenmoreofthekindIsthisenough?Ratherthanhowmany?Whentheywereengagedinfoodgathering,forexample.However,whenearlyhumansfirstbegantoreflectonthenatureofthingsaroundthem,theydiscoveredthattheyneededanideaofnumbersimplytokeeptheirthoughtsinorder.Astheybegantosettle,growplantsandherdanimals,theneedforasophisticatednumbersystembecameparamount.Itwillneverbeknownhowandwhenthisnumerationabilitydeveloped,butitiscertainthatnumerationwaswelldevelopedbythetimehumanshadformedevensemi-permanentsettlements.

Evidenceofearlystagesofarithmeticandnumerationcanbereadilyfound.TheindigenouspeoplesofTasmaniawereonlyabletocountone,two,many;thoseofSouthAfricacountedone,two,twoandone,twotwos,twotwosandone,andsoon.Butinrealsituationsthenumberandwordsareoftenaccompaniedbygesturestohelpresolveanyconfusion.Forexample,whenusingtheone,two,manytypeofsystem,thewordmanywouldmean.LookatmyhandsandseehowmanyfingersIamshowingyou.Thisbasicapproachislimitedintherangeofnumbersthatitcanexpress,butthisrangewillgenerallysufficewhendealingwiththesimpleraspectsofhumanexistence.

Thelackofabilityofsomeculturestodealwithlargenumbersisnotreallysurprising.Europeanlanguages,whentracedbacktotheirearlierversion,areverypoorinnumberwordsandexpressions.TheancientGothicwordforten,tachund,isusedtoexpressthenumber100astachundtachund.Bytheseventhcentury,thewordteonhadbecomeinterchangeablewiththetachundorhundoftheAnglo-Saxonlanguage,andso100wasdenotedashundteontig,ortentimesten.TheaveragepersonintheseventhcenturyinEuropewasnotasfamiliarwithnumbersaswearetoday.Infact,toqualifyasawitnessinacourtoflawamanhadtobeabletocounttonine!

Perhapsthemostfundamentalstepindevelopingasenseofnumberisnottheabilitytocount,butrathertoseethatanumberisreallyanabstractideainsteadofasimpleattachmenttoagroupofparticularobjects.Itmusthavebeenwithinthegraspoftheearliesthumanstoconceivethatfourbirdsaredistinctfromtwobirds;however,itisnotanelementarysteptoassociatethenumber4,asconnectedwithfourbirds,tothenumber4,asconnectedwithfourrocks.Associatinganumberasoneofthequalitiesofaspecificobjectisagreathindrancetothedevelopmentofatruenumbersense.Whenthenumber4canberegisteredinthemindasaspecificword,independentoftheobjectbeingreferenced,theindividualisreadytotakethefirststeptowardthedevelopmentofanotationalsystemfornumbersand,fromthere,toarithmetic.

Tracesoftheveryfirststagesinthedevelopmentofnumerationcanbeseeninseverallivinglanguagestoday.ThenumerationsystemoftheTsimshianlanguageinBritishColumbiacontainssevendistinctsetsofwordsfornumbersaccordingtotheclassoftheitembeingcounted:forcountingflatobjectsandanimals,forroundobjectsandtime,forpeople,forlongobjectsandtrees,forcanoes,formeasures,andforcountingwhennoparticularobjectisbeingnumerated.Itseemsthatthelastisalaterdevelopmentwhilethefirstsixgroupsshowtherelicsofanoldersystem.ThisdiversityofnumbernamescanalsobefoundinsomewidelyusedlanguagessuchasJapanese.

Intermixedwiththedevelopmentofanumbersenseisthedevelopmentofanabilitytocount.Countingisnotdirectlyrelatedtotheformationofanumberconceptbecauseitispossibletocountbymatchingtheitemsbeingcountedagainstagroupofpebbles,grainsofcorn,orthecounter’sfingers.Theseaidswouldhavebeenindispensabletoveryearlypeoplewhowouldhavefoundtheprocessimpossiblewithoutsomeformofmechanicalaid.Suchaids,whiledifferent,arestillusedevenbythemosteducatedintoday’ssocietyduetotheirconvenience.Allcountingultimatelyinvolvesreferencetosomethingotherthanthethingsbeingcounted.Atfirstitmayhavebeengrainsorpebblesbutnowitisamemorisedsequenceofwordsthathappentobethenamesofthenumbers.

DothefollowingstatementsagreewiththeinformationgiveninReadingPassage2?Inboxes28-35onyourAnswerSheet.

T(true)ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformation

F(false)ifthestatementcontradictstheinformation

NG(notgiven)ifthereisnoinformationonthisinthepassage

1.Fortheearliesttribestheconceptofsufficiencywasmoreimportantthantheconceptofquantity.

2.IndigenousTasmaniansusedonlyfourtermstoindicatenumbersofobjects.

3.Somepeopleswithsimplenumbersystemsusebodylanguagetopreventmisunderstandingofexpressionsofnumber.

4.Allcultureshavebeenabletoexpresslargenumbersclearly.

5.Theword“thousand”hasAnglo-Saxonorigins.

6.Ingeneral,peopleinseventh-centuryEuropehadpoorcountingability.

7.IntheTsimshianlanguage,thenumberforlongobjectsandcanoesisexpressedwiththesameword.

8.TheTsimshianlanguagecontainsbotholderandnewersystemsofcounting.

【答案】1.T

2.F

3.T

4.F

5.NG

6.T

7.F

8.T

【解析】1.根據(jù)文章第二段，“Ourancestorshadlittleuseforactualnumbers;insteadtheirconsiderationswouldhavebeenmoreofthekindIsthisenough?Ratherthanhowmany?”，可知我們的祖先很少使用實(shí)際的數(shù)字；相反，他們考慮的更多的是足夠了嗎?而不是有多少?？膳袛喑鲈谠缙谏鐣?huì)，充分性的概念比數(shù)量的概念更為重要。所以表述正確。

2.根據(jù)文章第三段，“TheindigenouspeoplesofTasmaniawereonlyabletocountone,two,many;”，可知塔斯馬尼亞的土著居民只用一、二和許多來計(jì)數(shù)，可判斷出表述“塔斯馬尼亞土著人只使用四個(gè)詞來表示物體的數(shù)”是錯(cuò)誤的。

3.根據(jù)文章第三段，“Butinrealsituationsthenumberandwordsareoftenaccompaniedbygesturestohelpresolveanyconfusion.”，可知但在實(shí)際情況中，數(shù)字和單詞往往伴隨著手勢(shì)，以幫助解決困惑?？膳袛喑觥耙恍碛泻?jiǎn)單數(shù)字概念的人使用肢體語言來避免對(duì)數(shù)字表達(dá)的誤解”“”表述正確。

4.根據(jù)文章第四段，“Thelackofabilityofsomeculturestodealwithlargenumbersisnotreallysurprising.”，可知有些文化缺乏處理大量數(shù)字的能力?？膳袛喑霰硎鲥e(cuò)誤。

5.根據(jù)文章第四段，“thewordteonhadbecomeinterchangeablewiththetachundorhundoftheAnglo-Saxonlanguage,andso100wasdenotedashundteontig,ortentimesten.”，可知teon這個(gè)詞在盎格魯撒克遜語中已經(jīng)和tachund或hund互換了，所以100被表示為hundteontig，或者十乘以十。文中并沒有提到千的表達(dá)，所以相關(guān)表述文章并沒給出。

6.根據(jù)文章第四段，“TheaveragepersonintheseventhcenturyinEuropewasnotasfamiliarwithnumbersaswearetoday.”，可知七世紀(jì)歐洲的普通人對(duì)數(shù)字并不像我們今天這樣熟悉?？膳袛喑隹偟膩碚f，七世紀(jì)的歐洲人的計(jì)算能力很差。表述正確。

7.根據(jù)文章第六段，“ThenumerationsystemoftheTsimshianlanguageinBritishColumbiacontainssevendistinctsetsofwordsfornumbersaccordingtotheclassoftheitembeingcounted:forcountingflatobjectsandanimals,forroundobjectsandtime,forpeople,forlongobjectsandtrees,forcanoes,formeasures,…”，可知Tsimshian語言的記數(shù)系統(tǒng)包含7組不同的單詞，根據(jù)被計(jì)數(shù)物品的類別來表示數(shù)字：用于計(jì)數(shù)扁平物體和動(dòng)物、圓形物體和時(shí)間、人、長(zhǎng)物體和樹木、獨(dú)木舟和度量等，可判斷出對(duì)于長(zhǎng)物和獨(dú)木舟并不是用同一個(gè)數(shù)字表示的，表述錯(cuò)誤。

8.根據(jù)文章第六段，“Itseemsthatthelastisalaterdevelopmentwhilethefirstsixgroupsshowtherelicsofanoldersystem.”，可知最后一組似乎是后來的發(fā)展，而前六組則體現(xiàn)了一個(gè)更古老系統(tǒng)的痕跡?？膳袛喑鯰simshian語言包含了舊的和新的計(jì)數(shù)系統(tǒng)。表述正確。

5.翻譯題

(1)Inmanyofthecountriesstrugglingtofindenoughwaterfortheirpopulations,itisthegovernmentthatistoblame,notgeographyaccordingtoareportoutthisweek.

(2)SeveralrecentUNstudiesshowthatlackofwaterisholdingbackfoodproductionandeconomicdevelopmentinmoreandmoreregionsaroundtheworld.AccordingtotheUNEnvironmentProgram,athirdoftheplanetwillfacewatershortagesby2025.

ButCarolineSullivan,headofwaterpolicyandmanagementatBritain’sCentreforEcologyandHydrology(CEH)inWallingford,Oxfordshire,saystheseproblemsareoftenofacountry’sownmaking.(3)“Itiseasyforgovernmentstoblamegeographywhentheproblemisusuallytheirownfailings.”Shesays.Unlesstheyrealizethis,theywillhavenochanceofachievingthegoalagreedatthisyear’sWorldSummitofhalvingthenumberofpeoplewithoutaccesstocleandrinkingwaterby2015,sheadds.

SullivanisthechiefauthoroftheWaterPovertyIndex,publishedthisweekbytheCEHTheindex,whichwasputtogetherwithSullivan’scolleaguesatthewaterpolicythinktanktheWorldWaterCouncil,rankscountriesbyhowefficientlytheyconserve,useanddeliverwatertothosewhoneedit.

(4)Itrevealsasharpcontrastbetweencountriesthatmanagetheirwaterwellandthosethatdon’t.HaitiandtheDominicanRepublicsharethesameCaribbeanisland,andhavesimilarpopulationsandaccesstosimilaramountsofWater.YetwhiletheDominicanRepublicappearsinthetophalfoftheindex,Haitisufferslastoutofthe147countriesassessed.

Onereasonispoverty,butHaitihasalsochoppeddownitsforest,causing20%muchsoilerosionthatrainfallrunsintotheseainflashfloodsratherthansoakingintothesoilandsupplementingaquifers(地下蓄水層).

Notallrichnationsfarewellintheindex.(5)TheU.S.andJapancome32ndand36threspectively,largelybecausethewaytheycollectandusewateriswastefulanddamagestheenvironment.Australiaranked44th,whileBritainisin11thplace.“Therealcrisisisnottheamountofwater.It’sthewayweuseit.”saysSullivan.

【答案】1.本周公布的報(bào)告表明，在奮力為人民找到充足水源的許多國(guó)家中，應(yīng)該承擔(dān)責(zé)任的是政府，而不是地理環(huán)境。

2.聯(lián)合國(guó)最近的幾項(xiàng)研究表明，在世界上越來越多的地區(qū)，缺水正阻礙糧食生產(chǎn)和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。

3.如果問題基本上是政府自身的過失，政府很容易怪罪于地理環(huán)境。

4.它形成了鮮明的對(duì)比，有的國(guó)家恰如其分地管理了水資源，而有的國(guó)家沒有。

5.美國(guó)和日本分別排在第32位和第36位，這主要是因?yàn)樗麄兪占褪褂盟姆绞皆斐衫速M(fèi)且破壞環(huán)境。

6.單選題

Anyearthquakethattakesplaceinanyareaiscertainlyregardedasakindofa______event.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.dramatic

B.proverbial

C.catastrophic

D.chronic

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.dramatic突然的；引人注目的B.proverbial諺語的；諺語表達(dá)的

C.catastrophic大災(zāi)難的D.chronic慢性的；難以治愈（或根除）的

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞earthquake可知，a______event指的是“災(zāi)難性事件”，故該題選擇C項(xiàng)恰當(dāng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、D項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】任何地區(qū)發(fā)生的任何地震都被認(rèn)為是一種災(zāi)難性事件。

7.單選題

ProfessorTaylor’stalkhasindicatedthatsciencehasaverystrong（）ontheeverydaylifeofnon-scientistsaswellasscientists.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.motivation

B.perspective

C.impression

D.impact

【答案】D

【解析】句意:泰勒教授的報(bào)告表明，科學(xué)已經(jīng)對(duì)非科學(xué)家和科學(xué)家的日常生活產(chǎn)生了強(qiáng)大的影響。

考查固定搭配。haveimpactonsth.對(duì)…產(chǎn)生影響。

8.單選題

Manyeconomicstudieshavetriedtoisolatetheeffectsofdeficits.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.separate

B.giveup

C.reject

D.change

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.separate分開；分離B.giveup放棄

C.reject拒絕；否決D.change改變

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】語義銜接

【解題思路】原句語義為“許多經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)研究試圖____赤字的影響”，原詞isolate“分離”，A選項(xiàng)separate“分開；分離”最符合原文。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)giveup“放棄”，不符合語義銜接，研究沒有辦法放棄赤字的影響；

C選項(xiàng)reject“拒絕；否決”，不符合語義銜接，研究沒有辦法拒絕或否決赤字的影響；

D選項(xiàng)change“改變”，不符合原文語義。

【句意】許多經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)研究試圖將赤字的影響分離開來。

9.單選題

Themedicine（）hispainbutdidnotcurehisillness.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.increased

B.alleviated

C.interrupted

D.deteriorated

【答案】B

【解析】increase增加；alleviate減輕，緩和；interrupt中斷，打擾；deteriorate惡化。根據(jù)句意可知，這里指減輕疼痛，選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

10.單選題

Ahighlifeexpectancycoupledwithahighcrudebirthrate[A]makesitdifficulttoincreasepercapitaGNP.Finally,peoplehavedifferentviewson[B]whatistheproperrateofpopulation.Somefeelthattheearthistoocrowdedalreadyand[C]thatsocietiesshouldworkforzeropopulationgrowth—theconditioninwhichtheaveragenumberofbirthsanddeaths[D]balancessothatapopulationstopsgrowing.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.makesitdifficult

B.what

C.that

D.balances

【答案】B

【解析】考查賓語從句。B選項(xiàng)處為賓語從句，如果使用what，主謂應(yīng)為正序：whattheproperrateofpopulationis。因此此處應(yīng)將what改為which。

11.單選題

Robertsaysheboughtthesebooksina.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.disposal

B.bargain

C.reduction

D.sale

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)disposaln.處理，支配；B選項(xiàng)bargainn.交易，便宜貨，契約；C選項(xiàng)reductionn.減少，下降；D選項(xiàng)salen.銷售，出售，拍賣，廉價(jià)出售。根據(jù)句意可知，Robert說這些書都是打折時(shí)候買的。因此，D項(xiàng)是正確答案。

12.單選題

Igavethecarathorough（）beforebuyingit.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.inspection

B.review

C.survey

D.check-up

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)inspection“視察，檢查（更加仔細(xì)）”；B選項(xiàng)review“回顧，檢查”；C選項(xiàng)survey“調(diào)查”；D選項(xiàng)check-up“檢查，核對(duì)（比較隨意）”。句意：我把車_____了一遍才買下來。本句表達(dá)的是“將車子徹底檢查一遍才買下來”，因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

13.單選題

Mypurposeistoconsiderif,inpoliticalsociety,therecanbeanylegitimateandsureprincipleofgovernment,takingmenastheyareandlawsastheymightbe.InthisinquiryIshalltryalwaystobringtogether（

）with（

）sothatjusticeandutilityareinonewaydivided.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.whichrightpermitted...whichinterestprescribed

B.whatrightpermits...whichinterestprescribed

C.whatrightpermits...whatinterestprescribes

D.whichrightpermitted...whatinterestprescribes

【答案】C

【解析】考查賓語從句。由選項(xiàng)和空格前動(dòng)詞短語bringtogether“使結(jié)合”可知此題考點(diǎn)，with連接的兩個(gè)部分作賓語。which和what都可引導(dǎo)賓語從句，但what指代的對(duì)象沒有限定范圍，而which受限制。由句意判斷此處應(yīng)表示“權(quán)利允許的一切以及利益要求的一切”，因此都應(yīng)用what引導(dǎo)。C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

14.單選題

Atdusk,Mr.Hightowerwouldsitinhisoldarmchairinthebackyardandwistfullyloseinreminiscenceofhisyouthromances.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.hopefully

B.reflectively

C.sympathetically

D.irresistibly

【答案】A

【解析】考查副詞辨析。wistfully在句中是“渴望地，希望地”；A選項(xiàng)hopefully“希望地”；B選項(xiàng)reflectively“沉思地”；C選項(xiàng)sympathetically“同情地，憐憫地”；D選項(xiàng)irresistibly“不可抗拒地”。句意：黃昏時(shí)分，海托先生會(huì)坐在后院的舊扶手椅上渴望沉浸在他青春戀情的回憶中。根據(jù)選項(xiàng)，只有A項(xiàng)符合。

15.單選題

TheAmericanRevolutionhadnomedievallegalinstitutionsto（）ortorootout,apartfrommonarchy.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.discard

B.discreet

C.discord

D.disgorge

【答案】A

【解析】考查形近詞辨析。空格后的or代表并列關(guān)系，因此選項(xiàng)應(yīng)與rootout動(dòng)詞詞性相符合。discard“拋棄，丟棄”；discreet“謹(jǐn)慎的”，沒有動(dòng)詞用法；discord“不一致”；disgorge“吐出，被迫交出”。句意：除了君主政體，美國(guó)革命沒有中世紀(jì)的法律制度可以廢除或……。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

16.單選題

The（）forspeedingisafineofonehundredandfiftydollars.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.penalty

B.benefit

C.criticism

D.remedy

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)penalty“罰款，罰金”；B選項(xiàng)benefit“利益，好處”；C選項(xiàng)criticism“批評(píng)，考證”；D選項(xiàng)remedy“補(bǔ)救，療法補(bǔ)救”。句意：超速的懲罰是罰款150美元。由選項(xiàng)意思和句意可知，A選項(xiàng)符合句意。

17.單選題

16-20

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Becausehehaddifficultyswallowingit.

B.Becauseitwasupsettinghisstomach.

C.Becausehewasallergictoit.

D.Becauseitwastooexpensive.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Hecan’tplaysocceranymore.

B.Hehasaseriousfootproblem.

C.Heneedsanoperation.

D.Hehascancer.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Abloodtransfusion.

B.Anallergytest.

C.Aurinetest..

D.Abiopsy.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Toseeifhehascancer.

B.Toseeifhehasdepression.

C.Toseeifherequiressurgery.

D.Toseeifhehasfoodallergyproblem.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Relieved.

B.Anxious.

C.Angry.

D.Depressed.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】W:Hi,Patrick,howareyoufeelingtoday?

M:Abitbetter.

W:That’sgoodtohear.Areyoustillfeelingnausea?

M:No.(16)Ihaven’tfeltsicktomystomachsinceyouswitchedmymedication.

W.Great,say,yourtestresultcamethismorning

M:It’sabouttime.Isitgoodnewsorbad?

W:Iguessit'sabitofboth.Whichdoyouwantfirst?

M:Let’sgetthebadnewsoverwith.

W:OK.(17)Itlookslikeyouaregoingtoneedsurgerytoremoveyourtumorfromyourleg.Aftertheoperationyou’regoingtohavetostayoffyourfeetforatleast3weeks.Thatmeansnosoccer.

M:Well,Iwasafraidyouweregoingtosaythat.

W:Now.Forthegoodnews.(18)Thebiopsyshowsthetumorisbenignwhichmeansitisnotcancerous.We’regoingtotakeitoutanyway,justtobeonthesafeside.

M:(20)Wow,that’saloadoffmymind.Thanksdoctor.

W:Don’tgettooexcited,westillneedtogettothebottomofallthiswayofloathing...

M:Iprobablyhavejustbeensoworriedaboutstupidlump.

W:Thesethingsoftenarestress-related,butwe’restillgoingtodoafewbloodtestsjusttoruleafewthingsout.

M:Thingslikewhat?Cancer?

W:(19)Actually,Iamthinkingmorealongthelineoffoodallergy.

16.Whatdidthemanhavetoswitchthemedication?

【解析】病人說胃里很惡心（upset），因此醫(yī)生考慮要換藥（switchthemedication）。故本題答案為B。

17.Whatisthebadnewsfortheman?

【解析】醫(yī)生說“Thatmeansnosoccer”，即不能踢球，但并非永遠(yuǎn)不能再踢球，而是3個(gè)星期沒法踢球。導(dǎo)致這個(gè)結(jié)果的原因是該病人腿部需要做一個(gè)手術(shù)。因此本題正確答案為C。

18.Whatmedicalprocedureshavethemanalreadyundergone?

【解析】通過對(duì)話內(nèi)容可知，病人已經(jīng)做了biopsy（活檢）。因此本題答案為D。

19.Whydidthedoctoraskthemantotakeafewbloodtests?

【解析】醫(yī)生告訴病人還需要做幾個(gè)血液化驗(yàn)，來排除過敏（allergy）的問題。因此本題答案為D。

20.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheman’sfeelingintheend?

【解析】醫(yī)生說“Thebeltshowsthetumorisbenignwhichmeansitisnotcancerous.We’regoingtotakeitoutanyway,justtobeonasafeside.”病人排除了惡性腫瘤等問題，應(yīng)該是比較放松的。因此本題答案為A。

18.單選題

3.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.He’llgotoseeMr.Whiteat10:30.

B.He’dliketomakeanearlierappointment.

C.He’dliketocanceltheappointment.

D.He’dliketoseeanotherdentist.

【答案】B

【解析】M:Mytoothisbotheringme.WhencanIseeDr.White?

W:Howabouttomorrow?10:30OK?

M:Isn’tthereanythingearlier?

W:No.ButIwillcallyouifthereisacancellationbeforethen.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

【解析】男士說：Isn’tthereanythingearlier?(有沒有辦法早點(diǎn)兒？)，由此可知他想早些看醫(yī)生。

19.單選題

Science,inpractice,dependsfarlessontheexperimentsitpreparesthanonthepreparednessofthemindsofthemenwhowatchtheexperiments.SirIsaacNewtonsupposedlydiscoveredgravitythroughthefallofanapple.Appleshadbeenfallinginmanyplacesforcenturiesandthousandsofpeoplehadseenthemfall.ButNewtonforyearshadbeencuriousaboutthecauseoftheorbitalmotionofthemoonandplanets.Whatkepttheminplace?Whydidn’ttheyfalloutofthesky?Thefactthattheapplefelldowntowardtheearthandnotupintothetreeansweredthequestionhehadbeenaskinghimselfaboutthoselargerfruitsoftheheavens,themoonandtheplanets.

Howmanymenwouldhaveconsideredthepossibilityofanapplefallingupintothetree?Newtondidbecausehewasnottryingtopredictanything.Hewasjustwondering.Hismindwasreadyfortheunpredictable.Unpredictabilityispartoftheessentialnatureofresearch.Ifyoudon’thaveunpredictablethings,youdon’thaveresearch.Scientiststendtoforgetthiswhenwritingtheircutanddriedreportsforthetechnicaljournalsbuthistoryisfilledwithexamplesofit.

Intalkingtosomescientists,particularlyyoungerones,youmightgathertheimpressionthattheyfindthe“scientificmethod”asubstituteforimaginativethought.I’veattendedresearchconferenceswhereascientisthasbeenaskedwhathethinksabouttheadvisabilityofcontinuingacertainexperiment.Thescientisthasfrowned,lookeda