考研考博-英語-北京工業(yè)職業(yè)技術學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-北京工業(yè)職業(yè)技術學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Hotobjectsemit______coldobjectsdo.

問題1選項

A.raysmorethaninfrared

B.raysaremoreinfraredthan

C.morethaninfraredrays

D.moreinfraredraysthan

【答案】D

【解析】考查語法。emit（發(fā)出，發(fā)射）是及物動詞，后面應該加一個賓語，并且需要than來引導比較從句，句意：熱物體的紅外線輻射比冷物體強。因此只有D項符合條件。

2.單選題

Marybecame（

）homesickandcriticaloftheUnitedStates,soshefledfromherhomeinwestBloomfieldtoherhometowninAustria.

問題1選項

A.completely

B.sincerely

C.absolutely

D.increasingly

【答案】D

【解析】句意:瑪麗越來越想家，對美國越來越不滿，因此她離開了位于布盧姆菲爾德西部的家,逃往了奧地利的故鄉(xiāng)。

考查副詞辨析。Completely完全地,徹底地;sincerely真誠地,由衷地;absolutely絕對地,完全地;increasingly越來越多地。因此D符合句意。

3.單選題

Whileadmiringthatthisforecastwas（）uncertain,thescientistswarnedagainsttreatingitasacryofwolf.

問題1選項

A.anyhow

B.somewhere

C.somewhat

D.anyway

【答案】C

【解析】副詞辨析。句意：雖然承認這次預報不確定，但科學家仍警告不要把它當作危言聳聽。anyhow總之，無論如何；somewhere在某處，到某處；somewhat有點，稍微；anyway總之，無論如何。因此，C項符合句意。

4.單選題

Heaskedmetolendhimsomemoney,whichIagreedtodo,（）thathepaidmebackthefollowingweek.

問題1選項

A.onoccasion

B.onpurpose

C.oncondition

D.onlyif

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項onoccasion“有時；偶爾”；B選項onpurpose“有目的地，故意地”；C選項oncondition“只要”；D選項onlyif“只要……就……”，引導從句的時候，一般不接that。由本句后半句“thathepaidmebackthefollowingweek”（他下周還給我）可知這是前者借錢的一個條件，“只要”符合此處的語境。句意：他要我借給他一些錢，只要他下周能還給我，我就借給他。因此C選項正確。

5.單選題

Oneofthewrongnotionsaboutscienceisthatmanyscientificdiscoverieshavecomeabout（

）.

問題1選項

A.accordingly

B.accidentally

C.artificially

D.additionally

【答案】B

【解析】考查形近詞辨析。A選項accordingly“照著，相應地，因此”；B選項accidentally“偶然地，意外地，非故意地”；C選項artificially“人工的，人造的”；D選項additionally“此外”。空格處副詞修飾動詞，B選項符合語境。句意：關于科學的錯誤觀念之一是許多科學發(fā)現(xiàn)是偶然發(fā)生的。

6.單選題

Thedecision（）,thenextproblemwashowtointroduceanewbudget.

問題1選項

A.beingmade

B.havingmade

C.wasmade

D.havingbeenmade

【答案】D

【解析】考查獨立主格結構。句意：作了決定以后,

下一個問題是如何引進新的預算。make與thedecision之間為被動關系,

首先排除選項B；后面的句子成分完整,

如果填入選項C的話,

缺少連詞,

所以排除。根據句意可知,

應該是先做完決定,

然后再引進預算,

所以這里應該用完成時,

選項D正確。

7.單選題

______inflation,drivenbyrisingfoodandoilcosts,isstrikinghardestattheworld’spoorest,whoareforcedtospend60to80percentoftheirincomeonfood.

問題1選項

A.Sprouting

B.Surging

C.Spilling

D.Spinning

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A項sprout“發(fā)芽，長芽”，B項surge“洶涌，起大浪，蜂擁而來”，C項spill“（使）溢出，流出，（東西）倒出”，D項spin“旋轉，紡紗，吐絲”。空格處填入的是一個現(xiàn)在分詞做inflation“通貨膨脹”的定語，根據后面的isstrikinghardestattheworld’spoorest“對世界上最貧窮的人打擊最大”可知，surging符合語境，表示“（物價等）激增的”。句意：食品和石油價格上漲導致的通貨膨脹對世界上最貧窮的人打擊最大，他們被迫將收入的60%到80%花在食品上。因此，該題選擇B項正確。

8.單選題

Publicgeneralhospitalsoriginatedinthealmshouseinfirmariesestablishedasearlyascolonialtimesbylocalgovernmentstocareforthepoor.Later,inthelateeighteenthandearlynineteenthcenturies,theinfirmaryseparatedfromthealmshouseandbecameanindependentinstitutionsupportedbylocaltaxmoney.Atthesametime,privatecharityhospitalsbegantodevelop.Bothprivateandpublichospitalsprovidedmainlyfoodandshelterfortheimpoverishedsick,sincetherewaslittlethatmedicinecouldactuallydotocureillness,andthemiddleclasswastreatedathomebyprivatephysicians.

Lateinthenineteenthcentury,theprivatecharityhospitalbegantryingtoattractmiddle-classpatients.Althoughthedepressionof1890stimulatedthegrowthofcharitableinstitutionsandanexpandingurbanpopulationbecamedependentonassistance,therewasadeclineinprivatecontributionstotheseorganizationswhichforcedthemtolooktolocalgovernmentforfinancialsupport.Sinceprivateinstitutionshadalsolostbenefactors;theybegantochargepatients.Inordertoattractmiddle-classpatients,privateinstitutionsprovidedservicesandamenitiesthatdistinguishedbetweenpayingandnon-payingpatientsandmadethehospitaladesirableplaceforprivatephysicianstotreattheirownpatients.Aspayingpatientsbecamemorenecessarytothesurvivaloftheprivatehospital,thepublichospitalsslowlybecametheonlyplaceforthepoortogettreatment.Bytheendofthenineteenthcentury,citieswerereimbursingprivatehospitalsfortheircareofindigentpatientsandthepublichospitalsremaineddependentonthetaxdollars.

Theadventofprivatehospitalhealthinsurance,whichprovidedmiddle-classpatientswiththepurchasingpowertopayforprivatehospitalservices,guaranteedtheprivatehospitalaregularsourceofincome.Privatehospitalsrestrictedthemselvestorevenue-generatingpatients,leavingthepublichospitalstocareforfilepoor.Althoughpublichospitalscontinuedtoprovideservicesforpatientswithcommunicablediseasesand-outpatientandemergencyservices,theBlueCrossplansdevelopedaroundtheneedsoftheprivatehospitalsandtheinpatientstheyserved.Thus,reimbursementforambulatorycarehasbeenminimalundermostBlueCrossplans,andprovisionofoutpatientcarehasnotbeenamajorfunctionoftheprivatehospital,inpartbecauseprivatepatientscanaffordtopayfortheservicesofprivatephysicians.Additionally,sinceWorldWarII，therehasbeenatremendousinfluxoffederalmoneyintoprivatemedicalschoolsandthehospitalsassociatedwiththem.Further,largeprivatemedicalcenterswithexpensiveresearchequipmentandprogramshaveattractedthebestadministrators,physicians,andresearchers.Asaresultofthegreaterresourcesavailabletotheprivatemedicalcenters,publichospitalshaveincreasingproblemsattractinghighlyqualifiedresearchandmedicalpersonnel.Withthemainstreamofhealthcarefirmlyestablishedintheprivatemedicalsector,thepublichospitalhasbecomea“dumpingground.”

56.Accordingtothepassage,theveryfirstprivatehospitals______.

57.Itcanbeinferredthattheauthorbelievesthedifferencesthatcurrentlyexistbetweenpublicandprivatehospitalsareprimarilytheresultof______.

58.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethemostlogicaltopicfortheauthortointroduceinthenextparagraph?

59.Theauthor’sprimaryconcernisto______.

60.Theauthor’sattitudetowardpublichospitalscanbestbedescribedas______.

問題1選項

A.developedfromalmshouseinfirmaries

B.wereestablishedmainlytoservicethepoor

C.weresupportedbygovernmentrevenues

D.providedbettercarethanpublicinfirmaries

問題2選項

A.politicalconsiderations

B.legislativerequirements

C.economicfactors

D.ethicalconcerns

問題3選項

A.Aplantoimprovethequalityofpublichospitals.

B.Ananalysisoftheprofitstructureofhealthinsurancecompanies.

C.Aproposaltoraisetaxesonthemiddleclass.

D.Adiscussionofrecentdevelopmentsinmedicaltechnology.

問題4選項

A.describethefinancialstructureofthehealthcareindustry

B.demonstratetheimportanceofgovernmentsupportforhealth-careinstitutions

C.criticizewealthyinstitutionsforrefusingtoprovideservicestothepoor

D.identifythehistoricalcausesofthedivisionbetweenprivateandpublichospitals

問題5選項

A.contemptuousandprejudiced

B.enthusiasticandsupportive

C.apprehensiveanddistrustful

D.concernedandunderstanding

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】56.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“根據文章，最早的私立醫(yī)院……”。文章第一段說到Publicgeneralhospitalsoriginatedinthealmshouseinfirmariesestablishedasearlyascolonialtimesbylocalgovernmentstocareforthepoor.（公立綜合醫(yī)院起源于殖民地時期地方政府為照顧窮人而建立的救濟院醫(yī)務室），由此可知由救濟院醫(yī)務室發(fā)展來的是公立醫(yī)院，而不是私人醫(yī)院，所以A項“由救濟院醫(yī)務室發(fā)展而來”錯誤；根據第一段最后一句Bothprivateandpublichospitalsprovidedmainlyfoodandshelterfortheimpoverishedsick（私立醫(yī)院和公立醫(yī)院主要為貧困病人提供食物和住所）可知，最開始公立醫(yī)院和私立醫(yī)院都是為窮人提供服務的，因此B項“主要是為窮人服務而建立的”符合題意；C項“由政府收入支持”文中未提及；D項“提供比公立醫(yī)院更好的護理”，最初的公立醫(yī)院和私立醫(yī)院都是為窮人服務，沒有好壞之分，因此D項錯誤。故該題選B。

57.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“可以推斷，作者認為目前公立醫(yī)院與私立醫(yī)院之間存在的差異，主要是由于……”。根據文章第二段Sinceprivateinstitutionshadalsolostbenefactors;theybegantochargepatients.Inordertoattractmiddle-classpatients,privateinstitutionsprovidedservicesandamenitiesthatdistinguishedbetweenpayingandnon-payingpatientsandmadethehospitaladesirableplaceforprivatephysicianstotreattheirownpatients.Aspayingpatientsbecamemorenecessarytothesurvivaloftheprivatehospital,thepublichospitalsslowlybecametheonlyplaceforthepoortogettreatment.Bytheendofthenineteenthcentury,citieswerereimbursingprivatehospitalsfortheircareofindigentpatientsandthepublichospitalsremaineddependentonthetaxdollars.（因為私人機構也失去了捐助者；他們開始向病人收費。為了吸引中產階級患者，私人機構提供了區(qū)分付費和非付費患者的服務和設施，使醫(yī)院成為私人醫(yī)生治療自己患者的理想場所。隨著付費病人對私立醫(yī)院的生存變得更加必要，公立醫(yī)院慢慢成為窮人獲得治療的唯一場所。到19世紀末，城市開始償還私立醫(yī)院對貧困病人的護理費用，而公立醫(yī)院仍然依靠納稅人的錢），這一段詳細闡述了私立醫(yī)院是如何從不收費到收費，并且因為資金的慢慢累積而變得更好，而公立醫(yī)院一直都依賴于政府的稅收，很難發(fā)展。所以這是經濟因素導致兩者的差異，而不是政治，立法或者倫理原因。故A項“政治上的考慮”，B項“立法要求”和D項“倫理關懷”錯誤，C項“經濟因素”符合題意。故該題選C。

58.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干意思是“下面哪一項會是作者在下一段中引入的最符合邏輯的主題？”。文章最后兩句話說到Asaresultofthegreaterresourcesavailabletotheprivatemedicalcenters,publichospitalshaveincreasingproblemsattractinghighlyqualifiedresearchandmedicalpersonnel.Withthemainstreamofhealthcarefirmlyestablishedintheprivatemedicalsector,thepublichospitalhasbecomea“dumpingground.”（由于私人醫(yī)療中心擁有更多的資源，公立醫(yī)院在吸引高素質的研究人員和醫(yī)務人員方面面臨越來越多的問題。隨著主流醫(yī)療保健在私營醫(yī)療部門的牢固建立，公立醫(yī)院已成為一個“垃圾場”），根據最后一段講述了公立醫(yī)院因為缺少資金找不高素質的醫(yī)療研究人員，導致其變成了一個垃圾場，根據邏輯推理，在接下來的文章中，作者極可能就此問題進行分析，并給出如何改進這一問題的方案，所以選擇A項“提高公立醫(yī)院質量的計劃”；B項“健康保險公司利潤結構分析”，C項“提高中產階級稅收的提案”和D項“對醫(yī)學技術最近發(fā)展的討論”都與改善公立醫(yī)院無關。故該題選A。

59.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】主旨大意題。題干意思是“作者主要關心的是什么”。全文作者一開始就講述了公立醫(yī)院與私立醫(yī)院的歷史發(fā)展與變化和直到今天各自如此不同的各種原因，所以D項“找出私立醫(yī)院和公立醫(yī)院分離的歷史原因”更能概括作者的意圖。A項“描述醫(yī)療保健行業(yè)的財務結構”，過于片面，這只是說了私立醫(yī)院與公立醫(yī)院不同的一個方面，不夠全面，故不選；B項“證明政府支持保健機構的重要性”，文中作者也沒有說過政府支持對醫(yī)院的重要性，所以B項錯誤；C項“批評富裕的機構拒絕為窮人提供服務”，作者整個態(tài)度是中立的，并沒有批評哪一方面的意思，所以C項不選。故該題選D。

60.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】作者態(tài)度題。題干意思是“作者對公立醫(yī)院的態(tài)度最好的描述是什么”。作者在全文中對于公立醫(yī)院的來源于發(fā)展都是保持一種客觀描述的態(tài)度，對公立醫(yī)院今時今日的處境也表示理解與關心。所以選D項“關心和理解”更符合題意。文中作者并沒有表示任何輕蔑或是十分熱衷，所以A項“輕蔑和偏見”和B項“熱情和支持”均不選；C項“不安和不信任”，文中針對公立醫(yī)院的服務質量作者沒有多做描述，不存在不信任或懷疑；因此該項也不選。故該題選D。

9.單選題

AfricaandSouthAmericanaremovingawayfromeachotherasnewmaterialis（）intothefloorbetweenthem.

問題1選項

A.dejected

B.ejected

C.injected

D.projected

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項deject“使……沮喪；使……灰心”；B選項eject“噴射；驅逐，逐出”；C選項inject“注入；注射”；D選項project“計劃；發(fā)射；放映”。句意：隨著新材料被注入到非洲和南美之間的地板上，它們正在相互遠離，因此C選項正確。

10.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingtextintoEnglish.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.

當科學家希望用一種聲音說話時，他們往往會采用一種非常不科學的方式：共識報告。其理念是：將多個專家的知識濃縮為一種能夠解決爭議、幫助制定政策的單一看法，但是達成這種共識往往違背這些目標，并且會削弱其本欲凸顯的權威。專家小組開始會提出許多有價值的原理和建議。然而，形成專家共識的討論確實在“政治”上的共通性大于其在“科學”上的相同之處。

【答案】Whenscientistswanttospeakwithonevoice,theytendtodosoinaveryunscientificway:consensusreport.Theideaistocondensetheknowledgeofmultipleexpertsintoasingleviewthatcanresolvedisputesandhelppolicymaking.Butreachingsuchaconsensusoftendefeatsthosegoalsandunderminestheauthority.Thepanelwillbeginwithmanyvaluableprinciplesandsuggestions.However,thediscussionsthatformexpertconsensusdohavemoreintercommunitywith“politics”thanwith“science”.

11.單選題

Humansocietiestheworldoverhaveconfrontedthesameexistentialproblemsandhavecometoremarkably（）solutions,differingonlyinsuperficialdetails.

問題1選項

A.identical

B.diverse

C.varied

D.similar

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項identical“完全相同的”；B選項diverse“不同的，多種多樣的”；C選項varied“各式各樣的”；D選項similar“相似的”。句意：人類社會都會面臨同樣的生存問題，但都能找到非常相似的解決方案，只是在表面的細節(jié)上有所不同。選項D符合語境。

12.單選題

Hurricanesarekillerwinds,andtheir（）powerliesinthephysicaldamagetheycando.

問題1選項

A.prevalent

B.turbulent

C.destructive

D.cumulative

【答案】C

【解析】句意:颶風是具有殺傷力的風，其破壞性的力量在于其能夠造成的物質損壞。

考查形容詞辨析。Prevalent普遍的；流行的；turbulent動亂的；猛烈的；destructive毀滅性的；摧毀性的；cumulative累積的；漸增的。因此C項符合句意。

13.單選題

Forpeoplewithdisabilitiesrecentimprovementshavemadethetheatrefully（

）bywheel-chair.

問題1選項

A.accessible

B.available

C.pertinent

D.transparent

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項accessible“易接近的；可進入的”；B選項available“可獲得的；有空的”；C選項pertinent“恰當?shù)?；切題的”；D選項transparent“透明的；顯然的”。句意：對于殘疾人來說，最近的改進使劇院完全可以由輪椅······。此處涉及“劇院”和“輪椅”，顯然A選項符合邏輯。

14.單選題

Susanisstudyingalgebraandgeometry,and（）she’stakingmicrocomputerlessons.

問題1選項

A.inamoment

B.inbrief

C.inaddition

D.inconclusion

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。inamoment“立刻，立即”；inbrief“簡言之”；inaddition“另外，此外”；inconclusion“總之，最后”。句意：Susan正在學習代數(shù)和幾何學，此外，她還在學習微型計算機課程。and表示并列關系，代數(shù)，幾何，微型計算機課程都是并列關系，故C項正確。

15.單選題

Wearedealingwithtwodifferentperspectivesthat（）,intersect,butdon’tseemtoyieldasynthesis.

問題1選項

A.overrun

B.overlap

C.overwork

D.overuse

【答案】B

【解析】句意:我們正在處理有部分重疊、交叉卻似乎不能生成綜合體的兩種不同的透視圖。

考查動詞辨析。Overrun泛濫，橫行，肆虐，多用(時間、錢財?shù)?，超時;overlap部分重疊，部分地同時發(fā)生;overwork工作過度;overuse使用……過度（或過久）。由題干中關鍵信息"intersect交叉”可知“部分重疊”符合。

16.單選題

WhengasstationmanagerRogerRandolphrealizeditwascostinghimmoneyeachtimesomeonefilledupwith$4-a-gallongas,hehungasignonhispumps:“Nomorecreditcards.”HemaybethefirstinWestVirginiatobanplastic,butgasstationoperatorsnationwidearereportingsimilarwoesashigherpricestranslateintohighercreditcardfeesthemanagersmustpay,squeezingprofitsatthepump.“Themoretheybuy,themorewelose,”saidRandolph,whomanagesMr.Ed’sChevroninSt.Albans.“Gaspricesgoup,andourprofitsgodown.”Hiscomplaintstargettheso-calledinterchangefee,apercentageofthesalepricepaidtocreditcardcompaniesoneverytransaction.Thepercentageisfixed,usuallyatjustunder2percent,butthedollaramountofthefeeriseswiththepriceofthegoodsorservices.Asgastops$4agallon,thatpushesfeestoward10centsagallon.Nowstations,whichtypicallymarkupgasolineby11to12centsagallon,areseeingprofitsshrinkorevenreverse.

Inagoodmonth,Randolph’ssmalloperationwouldyielda$60profitongasolinesales.Butthat’sbeenburiedassoaringpricesforcedthestationtopayabout$500amonthininterchangefees.“Attheseprices,peoplearen’tmakinganymoney,”saidJeffLenard,spokesmanfortheAlexandria,Va.-basedNationalAssociationofConvenienceStores.“It’sbrutal.”Lenard’sgroupreportsconveniencestorespaidroughly$7.6billionincreditcardfeeslastyear,whilemaking$3.4billioninprofits.

Thecreditcardcompaniessayfeesarejustpartofthecostofdoingbusiness.MasterCardhascappedinterchangefeesforgaspurchasesof$50ormore,saidcompanyspokeswomanSharonGamsin.AcceptingMasterCardalsogivesgasstations“increasedsales,greatersecurityandconvenience,lowerlaborcosts,andspeedfortheircustomersatthepump,”Gamsinsaidinane-mailtoTheAssociatedPress.Visaarguesthatthefeesareoffset“bythetangiblebenefitstostationsandtheircustomers,suchastheabilitytopayatthepump,”thecompanysaidinastatementtotheAP.

1.Whydosomegasstationownersnolongeracceptcreditcards?

2.Whatistheaverageinterchangefeepaidbygasstationowners?

3.Howmuchprofitdoestheaveragegasstationownermakeonagallonofgas?

4.Visabelievesthatallowingcustomerstopaywithacreditcardoffers（）toeveryoneinvolved.

5.Whenprofitsare"shrinking",theyare（）.

問題1選項

A.Theyareafraidofoutdatedcards.

B.Theypreferthe"instantgratification"ofgettingcash.

C.Theyareafraidofcreditfraud.

D.Theydonotwanttopayhighcreditcardfees.

問題2選項

A.About$4.

B.About2%.

C.About$60.

D.11to12cents.

問題3選項

A.About2%.

B.About$4.

C.11to12cents.

D.About$60.

問題4選項

A.tangiblethreats

B.tangiblebenefits

C.uncertainty

D.inconvenience

問題5選項

A.decreasing

B.holdingsteady

C.increasing

D.undulating

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。由題干關鍵詞“nolongeracceptcreditcards”可以定位到文章第一段中“WhengasstationmanagerRogerRandolphrealizeditwascostinghimmoneyeachtimesomeonefiledupwith$4-a-gallongas,hehungasignonhispumps:“Nomorecreditcards.”譯為：當加油站經理RogerRandolph發(fā)現(xiàn)，在4美元一加侖汽油的情況下，每當有人選擇加滿時，他都會出現(xiàn)負利潤，于是他在加油站掛上了“不支持使用信用卡”的標示，以及“HemaybethefirstinWestVirginiatobanplastic,butgasstationoperatorsnationwidearereportingsimilarwoesashigherpricestranslateintohighercreditcardfeesthemanagersmustpay,squeezingprofitsatthepump.”譯為：也許他是西弗吉尼亞州第一位禁止使用信用卡的人，但是全國各地加油站經營者都曾指出過汽油價格的上漲意味著需要支付的信用卡費用更多，因此實際上是對加油站利益的一種壓榨。由此可以推斷出答案選D。

2.細節(jié)事實題。由題干中關鍵詞“averageinterchangefee”可以定位到文章第一段“Thepercentageisfixed,usuallyatjustunder2percent,butthedollaramountofthefeeriseswiththepriceofthegoodsorservices.”譯為：這個比率是固定的，通常不超過2%，但是隨著商品和服務價格上漲，這部分費用的總量也會增加?？赏茢喑龃鸢高xB。

3.細節(jié)事實題。根據題干可以定位到原文第一段最后一句“Nowstations,whichtypicallymarkupgasolineby11to12centsagallon,areseeingprofitsshrinkorevenreverse.”譯為：現(xiàn)在，加油站通常在成本的基礎上將每一加侖的汽油加價11-12美分，但是它們的利潤正在縮水，甚至出現(xiàn)負利潤。由此推斷答案選C。

4.細節(jié)事實題。根據題干可以定位到原文最后一段中Visaarguesthatthefeesareoffset“bythetangiblebenefitstostationsandtheircustomers,suchastheabilitytopayatthepump”，譯為：維薩卡方面稱，信用卡交換費是可以與其帶給加油站和顧客的實實在在的利益相抵消的，例如在加油站的支付能力。由此可推斷出答案選B。

5.詞匯題。根據題干關鍵詞“shrinking”定位到文章中第一段最后一句“Nowstations,whichtypicallymarkupgasolineby11to12centsagallon,areseeingprofitsshrinkorevenreverse.”由此可推斷出shrink是指利潤減少。因此推斷出答案選A。

17.單選題

TheannualmeetingoftheWorldEconomicForum,(“WEF”)inDavos,Switzerland,waswellunderwaywhenitofficiallycommenced,earlyonaWednesdayeveninginJanuary,withanaddress,intheCongressHalloftheCongressCenter,byAngelaMerkel,theChancellorofGermany.ShehadalottosayaboutEurope.Someofit—“DowedaremoreEurope?Yes,wedodare”—madethenews.ButoutsidethehallmanyDavosparticipantspaidhernomind.Theyloiteredinvariousloungescarryingonconversationswitheachother.Theytalkedandtalked—asthoughtheyhadn'tbeentalkingallday.Theyhadtalkedwhilesittingonpanelsorwhileskippingpanelsthatothersweresittingon.“HistoricComplexity:HowDidWeGetHere?”“TheCompensationQuestion,”“GlobalRisks2012:TheSeedsofDystopia”:overthecourseoffivedays,amancouldskipmorethantwohundredandfiftysuchsessions.

Davosis,fundamentally,anexerciseincorporatespeed-dating.“Everyonecomesbecauseeveryoneelsecomes,”LarrySummerstoldme.Ahedge-fundmanageroraC.E.O.canpackintoafewdaysthedozensofmeetings—withotherexecutives,withheadsofstateortheirdeputies,withnon-governmentalorganizationswhosephonecallsmightotherwisehavebeenignored—thatitwouldnormallytakemonthstoarrangeandtensofthousandsofGulfstreammilestoattend.Theyconductthesecompressedandoccasionallyfruitfulcouplings,theso-calledbilateralmeetings,eitherinprivateroomsthattheW.E.F.hassetasideforthispurposeorinhotelrooms,restaurants,andhallways.Allthat'smissingisthehourlyrate.

ManyDavosparticipantsrarely,ifever,attendevenone.Instead,theyfloataroundintheslackspaces,sittingdowntoonearrangedmeetingafteranother,orelsemakingthemselvesavailableforchanceencounters,eitherwithfriendsorwithstrangerswhomtheywilleverafterbeabletorefertoasfriends.TheCongressCenter,thedaytimehub,isawarrenofinterconnectedlounges,cafes,lobbies,andlecturehalls,withespressobars,juicestations,andstacksofapplesscatteredabout.Theparticipantshavetheirpreferredhoveringareas.Wanderingthecenterinsearchofpeopletotalktowaslikefishingastretchofriver;onecouldobserve,overtime,whichpoolsheldwhichfish,andwhattimesofdaytheylikedtofeed.JamieDimon,runningshoesinhand,neartheespressostandbytheGlobalLeadershipFellowsProgram,inthelateafternoon.FareedZakaria,happilybesieged,intheIndustryPartnersLounge,justbeforelunch.Thelunkerswouldveryoccasionallyemergefromtheirdeepholes(therewererumorsofsecretpassageways)andglidethroughthecrowd,withaidesalongside,likepilotfish.(TheW.E.F.saysthatDavosisanentourage-freezone,butthisdoesn'tseemtoapplytothebiggestofthebigwheels,likeheadsofstate.)Itissaidthatthefasteryouwalkthemoreimportantyouare.

Itisaname-dropper'sparadise.Centralbankers,industrialchiefs,hedge-fundtitans,gloomyforecasters,astrophysicists,monks,rabbis,techwizards,museumcurators,universitypresidents,financialbloggers,virtuousheirs.IfoundmyselfinconversationwithanewspapercolumnistandanexecutivefromMcKinsey&Company,themanagement-consultingfirm.Thiswasserendipitous,assomanyconversationsinDavosturnouttobe,because,attheurgingofmany,IwassupposedtobeanglingforaninvitationtotheMcKinseyparty,attheBelvedereHotel.Amust,peoplesaid,withaglint.Iwassuspicious,owingtoanincongruitybetweenthewords“party”and“managementconsulting.”ButthiswasDavos.Theexecutivecheerfullyaddedmetothelist.AMcKinseyforaMerkel:afairtrade.

ThenewcomerhearsrepeatedbitsofDavosadvice.Ridetheshuttle:youmightmeetsomeone.Gotoasessionthatdealswithasubjectyouknownothingabout:youmightlearnsomething.Comenextyear,andtheoneafter,iftheyinviteyouback:youmightbegintounderstand.Everyonesaysthatyoucan'tgetthehangofDavosuntilyou'vebeenthreeorfourtimes.Somanythingsaregoingonatoncethatitisimpossibletodoevenatenthofthem.Youcouldspendtheweekinyourhotelroom,puzzlingoveraplan,wrestlingwithyourdoubtsandregrets,butapersonwhowoulddothisisnotthekindwhowouldbeinvitedtoDavos.

Anotheradmonition:nomatterhowmuchyoudo,youwillalwayshavethesensethatsomethingelse,somethingbetter,isgoingonelsewhere.Ontheoutskirtsoftown,threemenarehunchedinthecandlelitcornerofapine-panelledGaststube,discussingmattersofgraveimportance.Youmaythinkyoudon'tcareaboutsuchthings,buttheinklingburrowslikeatapeworm.Theappetiteforadmittancecanbecomeinsatiable.WheneverIpassedthroughtown,Inoticedmeningoodsuitsandsturdyboots,walkingwithintentintheoppositedirection.Whereweretheygoing?TheyduckedintoteashopsorintoMercedessedanswithdarkenedpassengerwindows.“Wheelswithinwheels,”onewomanwhisperedtome.“WhathappensinDavosstaysinDavos,”manypeoplesaid,butevenwhenyou'rethereit'shardtoknowwhatishappeninginDavos.YossiVardi,anIsraelitechinvestorandaneighteen-yearDavosveteran,said,“Whatyouseehere,intheCongressCenter,isjusttwentypercentoftheaction.”

ThereareasmanyDavosesasthereareperceptionsofDavos.Schwabmightusetheterm“stakeholders,”andthestakeholdersmaybepartialtotheword“silos,”butanothertermthatspringstomindwhenyouarethereis“cliques.”Acertainfermentoccurswherethecliquesoverlap,butasoftenasnottheypassinthenight.

1.TheWorldEconomicForum(“WEF”)inDavosisaveryimportantworldeventmainlybecause（

）.

2.“Entouragefreezone”isaveryimportantcharacteristicoftheWEFbecause

（

）.

3.WhenthewriterdescribestheWEFasa“Name-Dropper'sParadise”,thewritermeans

（

）.

4.ThegreatestfearofWEFparticipantsis

（

）.

5.WhenparticipantsattendtheWEFtheyimmediatelyfallinto“cliques”.By“cliques”thewritermeans（

）.

問題1選項

A.theimportantlecturesaboutworldeconomicproblemsbyworldleaders

B.peoplemingle

C.Non-GovernmentalOrganizationcanraisecapitalbymeetingwithgovernmentsandcompanies

D.worldeconomictrendsareestablished

問題2選項

A.participantsarefreefromcompany

B.participantsarefreetoexchangeconfidentialbusinessinformation

C.therearezonesinWEFwhereeveryonecanfreelyattendtomakebusinesscontacts

D.noneoftheabove

問題3選項

A.participantscangivetheirnamecardstoalotofpeopletodevelopbusiness

B.participantscanreferbusinesscontactstootherattendees

C.participantseasilymeetotherattendees

D.participantscaneasilymeetotherparticipantsthroughcommonbusinesscontacts

問題4選項

A.notmakingenoughbusinesscontacts

B.notbeingabletoattendfutureevents

C.beingleftoutoftheloop

D.givingoutbusinesssecrets

問題5選項

A.participantsmeetotherparticipantsthatcanbringbusinessandcansharevaluableinformation

B.participantsmeetotherparticipantswithsharedvaluesandinterests

C.participantsmeetotherparticipantsforacommoncause

D.participantscanmeetotherparticipantswithdifferentinterestsandvalues

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:1.判斷推理題。此題可用排除法得出答案。題干意為：為什么說在達沃斯舉行的世界經濟論壇是一場非常重要的世界大事？A項世界領導人關于世界經濟問題的重要演講文中未提及；C項非政府組織通過與政府及公司會面可以籌集資金，文中也未提及；D項世界經濟趨勢被建立，這也是文中未提及的。故排除ACD三項。B項人們聚集在一起。Davosis,fundamentally,anexerciseincorporatespeed-dating.“Everyonecomesbecauseeveryoneelsecomes,”及Itisaname-dropper'sparadise.Centralbankers,industrialchiefs,hedge-fundtitans,gloomyforecasters,astrophysicists,monks,rabbis,techwizards,museumcurators,universitypresidents,financialbloggers,virtuousheirs.可知各行各業(yè)的人們聚集在一起。故答案選B。

第2題:2.判斷推理題。根據題干中的Entouragefreezone定位到第三段ManyDavosparticipantsrarely,ifever,attendevenone.Instead,theyfloataroundintheslackspaces,sittingdowntoonearrangedmeetingafteranother,orelsemakingthemselvesavailableforchanceencounters,eitherwithfriendsorwithstrangerswhomtheywilleverafterbeabletorefertoasfriends.許多達沃斯與會者甚至很少參加達沃斯論壇。相反，他們在空閑的空間里四處游蕩，坐下來參加一個又一個安排好的會議，或者讓自己隨時有機會與朋友或陌生人見面，他們以后可以稱他們?yōu)榕笥选？芍狤ntouragefreezone是指隨從人員自由活動區(qū)域，在這里人們可以非常自由地結交商業(yè)伙伴，故C項正確。AB項文中未提及。答案C。

第3題:3.判斷推理題。此題可用排除法。首先由Name-Dropper'sParadise定位到第四段。由IfoundmyselfinconversationwithanewspapercolumnistandanexecutivefromMcKinsey&Company,themanagement-consultingfirm.Thiswasserendipitous,assomanyconversationsinDavosturnouttobe,because,attheurgingofmany,IwassupposedtobeanglingforaninvitationtotheMcKinseyparty,attheBelvedereHotel.作者遇到了一個報刊專欄作家和麥肯錫公司的主管，作者認為這是一個意外收獲。第四段開頭提到了達沃斯論壇聚集各種名流，所以Name-Dropper'sParadise在這里意為自抬身價者的天堂（在這里很容易遇到許多名人，以此感覺自己身價被抬高了。）故答案選C。AB項文中未提及，D項文中并未提到遇到其他參會者與共同業(yè)務聯(lián)系的關系。答案C。

第4題:4.細節(jié)事實題。由第六段Anotheradmonition:nomatterhowmuchyoudo,youwillalwayshavethesensethatsomethingelse,somethingbetter,isgoingonelsewhere.另一條忠告是：無論你做了多少，你總會有這樣一種感覺，那就是別處正在發(fā)生著一些別的、更好的事情。與A項意思一致，BCD項內容文中均未提及。故答案選A。

第5題:5.語義推測題。由最后一段Schwabmightusetheterm“stakeholders,”andthestakeholdersmaybepartialtotheword“silos,”butanothertermthatspringstomindwhenyouarethereis“cliques.”Acertainfermentoccurswherethecliquesoverlap,butasoftenasnottheypassinthenight.施瓦布可能會使用“利益相關者”這個術語，而利益相關者可能偏愛“糧倉”這個詞，但當你在達沃斯時，另一個浮現(xiàn)在腦海中的術語是“拉幫結派”。兩個派系相遇時會出現(xiàn)發(fā)酵反應，但它們經常發(fā)生在夜晚（白天開會）。結合全文可知，達沃斯世界經濟論壇的參與者來自各行各業(yè)，因此這些“拉幫結派”者并不一定具有共同目的、相同的價值觀以及同樣的利益。所以ABC選項均可排除，D選項正確。

18.單選題

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