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書山有路勤為徑,學海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-天津國土資源和房屋職業(yè)學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Theoriginalelectionsweredeclared(

)bytheformermilitaryruler.

問題1選項

A.void

B.vulgar

C.surplus

D.extravagant

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。void意為“無效的,空的”;vulgar意為“庸俗的,粗俗的,粗野的”;surplus意為“過剩的”;extravagant意為“奢侈的,揮霍的,過分的”。

句意:最初的選舉被先前軍事統(tǒng)治統(tǒng)治者宣布無效。

2.單選題

Hewillbeconsideredtohavenothinglessthanfullacquaintancewiththenatureofthethingandtoshareintheknowledgeofit.

問題1選項

A.limitationt

B.remarkt

C.ownershipt

D.understanding

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。acquaintance表示“了解,相識”;A項limitation“限制”,B項remark“注意,言辭”,C項ownership“所有權(quán),物主身份”,D項understanding“理解”。句意:他將被認為完全了解事物的性質(zhì),并分享對它的知識。根據(jù)句意可知,該題選擇D項正確。

3.問答題

Humanbeingsarepayingalotformedicineandarenotgettingallthat(A)theythinktheyare(B)paying(C)aguaranteeto(D)endlessbetterment.

【答案】試題答案:C;payingfor

【解析】考查固定搭配。payfor(為……而付出,因……而付出)中的pay為不及物動詞,for表示原因。

4.單選題

ThenumberofspeakersofEnglishinShakespeare’stimeisestimatedtohavebeenaboutfivemillion.Todayitisestimatedthatsome260millionpeoplespeakitasanativelanguage,mainlyintheUnitedStates,Canada,GreatBritain,Ireland,SouthAfrica,AustraliaandNewZealand.InadditiontothestandardvarietiesofEnglishfoundintheseareas,thereareagreatmanyregionalandsocialvarietiesofthelanguage,aswellasvariouslevelsofusagethatareemployedbothinitsspokenandwrittenforms.

ItisvirtuallyimpossibletoestimatethenumberofpeopleintheworldwhohaveacquiredanadequateworkingknowledgeofEnglishinadditiontotheirownlanguage.ThepurposesforwhichEnglishislearnedandthesituationsinwhichsuchlearningtakesplacearesovariedthatitisdifficulttodefineandstillmoredifficulttoassesswhatconstitutesanadequateworkingknowledgeforeachsituation.

ThemainreasonforthewidespreaddemandforEnglishisitspresent-dayimportanceasaworldlanguage.Besidesservingtheinfiniteneedsofitsnativespeakers,Englishisalanguageinwhichsomeofthemostimportantworksinscience,technology,andotherfieldsarebeingproduced,andnotalwaysbynativespeakers.Itiswidelyusedforsuchpurposesasmeteorologicalandairportcommunications,internationalconferences,andthedissemination(傳播)ofinformationovertheradioandtelevisionnetworksofmanynations.Itisalanguageofwidercommunicationforanumberofdevelopingcountries,especiallyformerBritishcolonies.Manyofthesecountrieshavemultilingualpopulationsandneedalanguageforinternalcommunicationinsuchmattersasgovernment,commerceindustry,lawandeducationaswellasforinternationalcommunicationandforaccesstothescientificandtechnologicaldevelopmentintheWest.

26.Thereareabout260millionpeoplewhocanspeak__________.

27.Accordingtothispassage,theEnglishlanguagemightbeused

__________.

28.Theauthorseemstobewondering__________.

29.“thesecountries”(Para.3)mostprobablyrefersto__________.

30.Acommonlanguageisnecessaryforsomemulti-lingualcountries__________.

問題1選項

A.Englishinitsregionalvariety

B.Englishinitsstandardvariety

C.Englishasasecondlanguage

D.Englishasaworkinglanguage

問題2選項

A.foronlyonereasonthatEnglishisbecominganinternationallanguage

B.mainlybypeoplefromtheAmericancontinentandtheEuropeancontinent

C.asanofficiallanguageinaninternationalconferenceontheAmericanculture

D.inscienceandtechnologyaswellasinculturalandhistoricalstudiesofallcountries

問題3選項

A.whatmakesupone’sadequateworkingknowledgeofEnglish

B.whyEnglishcanservesomanyneedsofvariouspeople

C.howtorelatethetechnologicalproblemsinairportcommunications

D.whenEnglishbecamesowidelyused

問題4選項

A.thedevelopingcountrieswhichusedtobecolonies

B.theformerBritishcolonieswhichnowaredeveloping

C.thecolonizedcountrieswhichbecomeasstrongasBritain

D.thedevelopingcountrieswhicharestillcolonizedbyBritain

問題5選項

A.forbothinternalandinternationalcommunications

B.foraccesstothedevelopmentinothercountries

C.forhigherefficiencyofthegovernmentandbetterlifeofthepublic

D.forwidercommunicationsamongcolonialnations

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】26.事實細節(jié)題。定位到第一段第二三句,Todayitisestimatedthatsome260millionpeoplespeakitasanativelanguage,mainlyintheUnitedStates,Canada,GreatBritain,Ireland,SouthAfrica,AustraliaandNewZealand.InadditiontothestandardvarietiesofEnglishfoundintheseareas,thereareagreatmanyregionalandsocialvarietiesofthelanguage…“今天,據(jù)估計大約有2.6億人把英語作為母語使用,主要分布在美國、加拿大、英國、愛爾蘭、南非、澳大利亞和新西蘭。除了在這些地區(qū)發(fā)現(xiàn)的標準英語變體外,還有許多地區(qū)和社會的英語變體”,由此可知答案選B選項“標準英語”。

A選項“具有地域多樣性的英語”,見正確選項,由此可知這里錯誤,屬于反向干擾。

C選項“英語作為第二語言”,文章沒有提及屬于無中生有,所以不選。

D選項“作為工作語言的英語”,文章沒有提及屬于無中生有,所以不選。

27.事實細節(jié)題。定位到第三段第二句話Besidesservingtheinfiniteneedsofitsnativespeakers,Englishisalanguageinwhichsomeofthemostimportantworksinscience,technology,andotherfieldsarebeingproduced,andnotalwaysbynativespeakers.“除了滿足以英語為母語的人無窮無盡的需求外,在科學、技術(shù)和其他領(lǐng)域,一些最重要的著作也是用英語寫成的,而且這些著作并不總是由以英語為母語的人寫成的”,從這里可知D選項“(被用)在科學和技術(shù)以及所有國家的文化和歷史研究中”正確;

A選項“英語成為國際語言只有一個原因”,定位到第二段最后一句ThepurposesforwhichEnglishislearnedandthesituationsinwhichsuchlearningtakesplacearesovariedthatitisdifficulttodefineandstillmoredifficulttoassesswhatconstitutesanadequateworkingknowledgeforeachsituation.“學習英語的目的和學習英語的環(huán)境是如此不同,很難定義,更難以評估什么構(gòu)成了每一種情況下的充分的工作知識?!睆倪@里可知人們學習英語的目的不同,也就導致英語成為國際語言的原因是多種因素綜合起來的,所以A選項錯誤,這里屬于以偏概全;

B選項“主要是來自美洲大陸和歐洲大陸的人”,定位到第一段第二句話mainlyintheUnitedStates,Canada,GreatBritain,Ireland,SouthAfrica,AustraliaandNewZealand.“主要分布在美國、加拿大、英國、愛爾蘭、南非、澳大利亞和新西蘭”從這里可知B選項錯誤,非洲大陸也有很多國家講英語,這里屬于以偏概全;

C選項“作為美國文化國際會議的官方語言”,定位到第三段第三句Itiswidelyusedforsuchpurposesasmeteorologicalandairportcommunications,internationalconferences,andthedisseminationofinformationovertheradioandtelevisionnetworksofmanynations.“它被廣泛用于氣象和機場通信、國際會議以及通過許多國家的無線電和電視網(wǎng)絡傳播信息等目的”,從這里可以看出不止是美國,很多國家在開國際會議時都用的是英語,這里屬于以偏概全。

28.主旨大意題。關(guān)注首末兩段中心句,第一段中心句是第二句thereareagreatmanyregionalandsocialvarietiesofthelanguage,aswellasvariouslevelsofusagethatareemployedbothinitsspokenandwrittenforms.“這種語言有許多地區(qū)和社會變體,在口語和書面形式中也有不同程度的用法”,這是文章的中心句,這段說明英語的廣泛使用;第三段中心句是ThemainreasonforthewidespreaddemandforEnglishisitspresent-dayimportanceasaworldlanguage“對英語的廣泛需求的主要原因是它作為一種世界語言在當今的重要性”,這段講的是為什么很多人會學英語的原因。結(jié)合兩者可知作者主要是弄清楚B選項“為什么英語能滿足不同人的需求”。

A選項“是什么構(gòu)成了一個人足夠的英語工作知識”,作者已經(jīng)在第二段最后一句說明了itisdifficulttodefineandstillmoredifficulttoassesswhatconstitutesanadequateworkingknowledgeforeachsituation.“定義每種情況下的充分工作知識是困難的,更困難的是評估”,所以這里不能選,屬于反向干擾。

C選項“如何聯(lián)系機場通訊中的技術(shù)問題”,文章沒有提及屬于無中生有。

D選項“當英語變得如此廣泛使用時”,見正確選項,文章的主要內(nèi)容是為什么英語被廣泛使用的原因,不是時間,這里屬于反向干擾。

29.事實細節(jié)題,定位到第三段倒數(shù)第二句Itisalanguageofwidercommunicationforanumberofdevelopingcountries,especiallyformerBritishcolonies.從這里可以看出“這些國家”指的是以前被英國殖民過的發(fā)展中國家,B選項“現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)展的前英國殖民地”是其同義替代選項,所以答案選B選項;

A選項“曾經(jīng)是殖民地的發(fā)展中國家”,見正確選項,以前是殖民地但不一定是英國的殖民地,屬于偷換概念。

C選項“成為和英國一樣強大的殖民地國家”,文章沒有提及,屬于無中生有。

D選項“仍然被英國殖民的發(fā)展中國家”,文章沒有提及,屬于無中生有。

30.事實細節(jié)題。定位到第三段最后一句話Manyofthesecountrieshavemultilingualpopulationsandneedalanguageforinternalcommunicationinsuchmattersasgovernment,commerceindustry,lawandeducationaswellasforinternationalcommunicationandforaccesstothescientificandtechnologicaldevelopmentintheWest.“這些國家中有許多人口使用多種語言,在政府、商業(yè)、工業(yè)、法律和教育等方面的內(nèi)部交流以及國際交流和了解西方的科學和技術(shù)發(fā)展都需要一種語言。”從這里可以知道答案選A選項“用于國內(nèi)和國際交流”。

B選項“為了和其他國家的發(fā)展接軌”文章沒有提及,屬于無中生有。

C選項“為了更高的效率和更好的公眾生活”,文章沒有提及,屬于無中生有。

D選項“殖民國家之間更廣泛的交流”,文章沒有提及,屬于無中生有。

5.單選題

Recently,JapaneseimportsofmanufacturedgoodsfromChinahavesurgedandthereputationofChineseproductshasimprovedsubstantially,givingrisetoconcernthatChinawillsoonreplaceJapanasthe"factoryoftheworld".AnobjectiveevaluationofChina'sindustrialstrength,however,suggeststhatthereisstillalongwaytogobeforeitwillbecomeatrulyadvancedindustrialcountryonparwithJapan.

Firstofall,thehighproportionoflabor-intensiveproductsinChina'sexportsmeansthatitstradestructureistypicalofanewlyindustrializingeconomy(NIE).

Thisisdifferentfromthatofdevelopedcountries,wherethemajorexportitems,suchasmachinery,aretechnology-intensive.AlthoughChinaisincreasingitsshareoftheglobalmarketformanufacturedgoods,includingsomeinformation-technology(IT)productsthatareclassifiedashigh-tech,Chineseexportsarestillhighlyconcentratedinlower-endproducts.Intheeaseoftelevisions,forinstance,Japanspecializesinhigh-definitionandotherhigher-endmodels,whileChinaproducesstandardmodelswhoseunitvaluesaremuchlower.

ReflectingChinasemphasisonprocessingtrade,goods"madeinChina"containlargenumbersofoverseascomponents,someofwhicharemadeinJapan.AccordingtoofficialChinesestatistics,increasingexportsbyUSS1millionrequiresimportingintermediategoodsandcomponentsworth$500,000,whichdonotformpartofChina'sgrossdomesticproduct(GDP).Moreover,theproportionofthisimportedcontentishigherforhigh-techthanforlow-techproducts.Acomputerlabeled"madeinChina"islikelytocontainalargeportionofimportedcontentsincludinganIntelcentralprocessingunit(CPU),MicrosoftWindowsoperatingsystem,andaliquidcrystaldisplaymadeinJapanorSouthKorea.

Inaddition,approximatelyhalfofChina'sexportsareproducedbysubsidiariesofforeigncompanies,towhichdividends,interestcharges,royaltiesandotherfeesmustbepaid.EvenamongChinesecompanieswithnocapitalrelationswithoverseascompanies,themajorityoftheirexportsareprocessedunderOEM(originalequipmentmanufacturing)contractsandsoldwithforeignbrandnames.Thusonlyaverysmallpercentageofthevalue-addedofproductslabeled"madeinChina"isactually"madebyChina".ThelattercorrespondstotheconceptofChina'sgrossnationalproduct(GNP),andexcludesimportchargesonintermediategoodsandinvestmentincomepaidtooverseascountries.

Chinaissoheavilydependentonforeignpartnersthatithasyettodevelopitsownedge-cuttingtechnologyandinternationallyrecognizedbrandnames.Ontopofthis;Chinesecompaniesareinferiortotheiroverseascounterpartsinvirtuallyeveryaspect,beitcapital,humanresources,orbusinessmanagement.Asaresult,Chinahasnooptionbuttolooktocheaplaborforitsexportcompetitiveness.Indeed,themajorityofChinascontributiontothevalue-addedofitsexportslieswiththecostoflabor,andtheverylowwagesinChina,averaginglessthan$100amonth,implythatthiscontributionmustbeverysmall.Assuch,thecommonassumptionthatChinesegoodsarecompetitivebecausethecountry'swagelevelsarelowholdstrueonlyforlabor-intensiveproductsanddoesnotnecessarilyapplytoindustryasawhole.Instead,China'slowwagesshouldbeinterpretedasareflectionofthefactthatitslaborproductivityispoor.ItiswhenChina'swagelevelsapproachthoseofJapan,reflectingariseinproductivity,whichChinawillreallybecomeaformidablecompetitorforJapan.

1.Whydoestheauthorsay"thereisstillalongwaytogobeforeitwillbecomeatrulyadvancedindustrialcountryonparwithJapan"?

2.Accordingtotheauthor,what'sthedifferencebetweenproductslabeled"madeinChina"andthoselabeled"madebyChina'?

3.WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutthecompetitivenessofJapan'sproducts?

4.Theword“subsidiaries”inParagraph4isclosestinmeaningto().

5.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

問題1選項

A.China'stradestructureisstilllaggingbehindthatofdevelopedcountries.

B.China'sexportgoodsarenotascompetitiveasJapan's.

C.WithoutforeignhelpandadvancedtechnologyChinacannotproducemostofitsproducts.

D.Chinaisstillfacedwiththeproblemsofbackwardtradestructure,low-techandlabor-intensiveproducts.

問題2選項

A.Productslabeled"madeinChina"arehigh-techproductswhilethelatterarenot.

B.WhetherChinaisthemanufactureroftheoriginalpartofproductsandsellsthoseproductswithChinesebrandnames.

C.WhetherChinesecompaniesaresubsidiariesofforeigncompanies.

D.WhetherChinesecompaniesaredependentonforeignpartners.

問題3選項

A.Japandoesn'texportlower-endproducts.

B.Japanisthe'factoryoftheworld".

C.Japan'smajorexportitemsarehigh-techproductsandcompetitiveinbusinessmanagement.

D.Japandoesn'tputstressonprocessinggoods.

問題4選項

A.furnishingaids

B.asumofmoney

C.assistants

D.affiliates

問題5選項

A.Chinaisn'taDevelopedCountry.

B.So-called'MadeinChina'Label.

C.JapanWon'tFear'MadeinChina'Label.

D.ChinaWillReplaceJapanastheFactoryofWorld.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段和第三段,“Firstofall,thehighproportionoflabor-intensiveproductsinChina'sexports…Chineseexportsarestillhighlyconcentratedinlower-endproducts.”,可知二三段總結(jié)了中國工業(yè)發(fā)展的問題,包括勞動密集型產(chǎn)品占比重過高,中國出口仍高度集中于低端產(chǎn)品。可推斷出中國仍然面臨貿(mào)易結(jié)構(gòu)落后、科技含量低、勞動密集型產(chǎn)品等問題。選項D符合題意。

2.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段,“ReflectingChinasemphasisonprocessingtrade,goods"madeinChina"containlargenumbersofoverseascomponents,someofwhicharemadeinJapan.”,可知“中國制造”的商品含有大量海外零部件,其中一些是日本制造的,這反映出中國對加工貿(mào)易的重視。根據(jù)文章第四段,“Thusonlyaverysmallpercentageofthevalue-addedofproductslabeled"madeinChina"isactually"madebyChina".”,可知產(chǎn)品的研發(fā)不在中國??赏茢喑鲋袊圃旌椭袊鴦?chuàng)造的區(qū)別在于中國是否是原裝產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)商,并銷售那些有中國品牌的產(chǎn)品。選項B符合題意。

3.推斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段,“Japanspecializesinhigh-definitionandotherhigher-endmodels,whileChinaproducesstandardmodelswhoseunitvaluesaremuchlower.”,可知日本生產(chǎn)高清和高端機型。根據(jù)文章第六段,“Chinaissoheavilydependentonforeignpartnersthatithasyettodevelopitsownedge-cuttingtechnologyandinternationallyrecognizedbrandnames.”,可知中國嚴重依賴外國合作伙伴,以至于尚未開發(fā)出自己的尖端技術(shù)和國際知名品牌。可推斷出日本的主要出口產(chǎn)品是高科技產(chǎn)品,在企業(yè)管理方面具有競爭優(yōu)勢。選項C符合題意。

4.詞義理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段,“…approximatelyhalfofChina'sexportsareproducedbysubsidiariesofforeigncompanies,towhichdividends,interestcharges,royaltiesandotherfeesmustbepaid.”,可知中國大約一半的出口產(chǎn)品是由外國公司的子公司生產(chǎn)的,必須向這些子公司支付股息、利息、特許權(quán)使用費和其他費用。可知subsidiaries意思為子公司。選項D符合題意。

5.主旨題。文章第一段提出中國很快取代日本成為“世界工廠”的觀點,接下里討論了中國工業(yè)發(fā)展過程中面臨的問題,最終得出結(jié)論中國成為高端科技的工業(yè)國還需要更多的時間和努力,所以目前中國可能還不是日本的競爭對手和威脅因素??赏茢喑鋈毡緹o懼“中國制造”是符合整個文章意思的。選項C符合題意。

6.單選題

Today’scollegestudentsaremorenarcissistic(自戀的)andself-centeredthantheirpredecessors,accordingtoacomprehensivenewstudybyfivepsychologistswhoworrythatthetrendcouldbeharmfultopersonalrelationshipsandAmericansociety.

“Weneedtostopendlesslyrepeating‘You’respecial’andhavingchildrenrepeatthatback,”saidthestudy’sleadauthor,ProfessorJeanTwengeofSanDiegoStateUniversity.“Kidsareself-centeredenoughalready.”“Unfortunately,narcissismcanalsohaveverynegativeconsequencesforsociety,includingthebreakdownofcloserelationshipswithothers,”hesaid.Thestudyassertsthatnarcissists“aremorelikelytohaveromanticrelationshipsthatareshort-lived,atriskforinfidelity,lackemotionalwarmth,andtoexhibitgame-playing,dishonesty,andover-controllingandviolentbehaviors”.Twenge,theauthorof“GenerationMe:WhyToday’sYoungAmericansAreMoreConfident,

Assertive,Entitled—andMoreMiserableThanEverBefore”,saidnarcissiststendtolackempathy,reactaggressivelytocriticismandfavorself-promotionoverhelpingothers.

Someanalystshavecommendedtoday’syoungpeopleforincreasedcommitmenttovolunteerwork.ButTwengeviewedeventhisphenomenonskeptically,notingthatmanyhighschoolsrequirecommunityserviceandmanyyouthsfeelpressuretolistsuchendeavorsoncollegeapplications.

Campbellsaidthenarcissismupsurgeseemedsopronounced(非常明顯的)thathewasunsureiftherewereobviousremedies.“Permissivenessseemstobeacomponent,”hesaid.“Apotentialantidotewouldbemoreauthoritativeparenting.Lessindulgencemightbecalledfor.”

Yetstudents,whileacknowledgingsomelegitimacytosuchfindings,don’tnecessarilyacceptnegativegeneralizationsabouttheirgeneration.

HanadyKader,aUniversityofWashingtonsenior,saidsheworkedunpaidlastsummerhelpingresettlerefugeesandconsidersmanyofherpeerstobecivic-minded.Butsheisdismayed(氣餒,灰心)bythecompetitivenessofsomestudentswhoseemprematurelyfocusedoncareerstatus.“We’re

encouragedalottobeindividualsandgooutthereanddowhatyouwant,andnobodyshouldstandinyourway,”Kadersaid.“Icanseegoalsandambitionsgettinginthewayofotherthingslikerelationships.”

KariDalane,aUniversityofVermontsophomore,saysmostofhercontemporariesarepoliticallyactiveandnotoverlyself-centered.“Peopleareworriedaboutthemselves—butinthesenseofwherethey’regoingtofindaplaceintheworld,”shesaid.“Peoplewanttolooktheirbest,haveagoodtime,butitdoesn’tmeanthey’renotconcernedabouttherestoftheworld.”

Besides,someoftheresponsesonthenarcissismtestmightnotbeworrisome,Dalanesaid,“Itwouldbemoredepressingifpeopleanswered,‘No,I’mnotspecial’.”

1.Accordingtothepassage,anarcissisticpersonmay().

2.Theitalicizedword“commended”(Line1,Para.3)means().

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

4.Itisimpliedthat().

5.Itispropertobe()whenyouhearsomeonesay“I’mspecial”.

問題1選項

A.hatecriticism

B.bedishonesttohis/herpartner

C.beunwillingtohelpothers

D.alltheabove

問題2選項

A.praised

B.criticized

C.recommended

D.disfavored

問題3選項

A.Narcissismmayresultinbadconsequences.

B.Collegestudentsareactivetoparticipateinvolunteerwork.

C.Somepeopledoubtwhetherthereareremediestocounterthenarcissismupsurge.

D.Somecollegestudentsareoverlyengagedinself-promotion.

問題4選項

A.boththeresearchersandcollegestudentsareworriedaboutthetrendofnarcissism

B.theresearchersandcollegestudentsdisagreeonthefindingsofthestudy

C.theresearchersandcollegestudentsdisagreeonsomeofthefindingsofthestudy

D.collegestudentsarepessimisticabouttheirfuture

問題5選項

A.objective

B.pessimistic

C.optimistic

D.worried

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.細節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞narcissistic定位到原文第二段第四句,原文指出at?risk?for?infidelity,?lack?emotional?warmth,and?to?exhibitor?game-playing,dishonesty是選項C,B,A的同義表達。

2.語義題。第三段第一行句中,研究人員commended的是increased?commitment?to?volunteer?work(年輕人參加志愿活動的責任心增加),所以應該是肯定的態(tài)度。句后But?Twenge?viewed?even?this?phenomenon?skeptically(Twenge對此現(xiàn)象持否定懷疑態(tài)度)更加斷定,commended為肯定,選項A與之對應。

3.細節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)原文第四段首句unsure?if?there?were?obvious?remedie可知不明確的是是否有明顯的治療法,而不是沒有治療法,而且之后文章舉了一些治療法的例子。

4.細節(jié)判斷題。關(guān)鍵詞collegestudents體現(xiàn)到文章第五段acknowledging?some?legitimacy?to?such?findings,don't?necessarily?accept?negative?generalizations?about?their?generation,因此研究者和學生只是部分意見不符。

5.態(tài)度題。文章最后一句說到It?would?be?more?depressing?if?people?answered,?‘No,?I’m?not?special’(如果有人回答,不,我不特別,這可能更讓人沮喪),由此判斷,當聽人說I’m?not?special,應該持積極樂觀的態(tài)度。

7.問答題

Iwasfinallyabletoconvincehimofitsvalue.(Ifinallysucceeded)

【答案】Ifinallysucceededinconvincinghimofitsvalue.

8.單選題

Bethworkedhardto()inwiththelocalsduringhervisit.

問題1選項

A.encounter

B.blend

C.merge

D.adapt

【答案】B

【解析】動詞辨析。句意:貝絲在她的訪問期間努力地()當?shù)厝酥小?/p>

encounter遭遇,邂逅,遇到;blend混合,協(xié)調(diào),融入;merge合并,使合并,吞,沒;adapt適應,改變。

選項Bblendinwith為固定搭配,表示“融入,融合”,符合句意。

9.單選題

Consumersandproducersobviouslymakedecisionsthatmoldtheeconomy,butthereisathirdmajor(1)toconsidertheroleofgovernment.Governmenthasapowerful(2)ontheeconomyinatleastfourways:

DirectServices.Thepostalsystem,forexample,isafederalsystem(3)theentirenation,asisthelargeandcomplexmilitaryestablishment.Conversely,theconstructionand(4)ofmosthighways,the(5)oftheindividualstates,andthepubliceducationalsystems,despitealargefundingrolebythefederalgovernment,areprimarily(6)forbycountyorcitygovernments.Policeandfireprotectionandsanitation(7)arealsotheresponsibilitiesoflocalgovernment.

RegulationandControl.Thegovernmentregulatesandcontrolsprivate(8)inmanyways,forthe(9)ofassuringthatbusinessservesthebest(10)ofthepeopleasawhole.Regulationisnecessaryinareaswhereprivateenterpriseisgranteda(11),suchasintelephoneorelectricservice,orinotherareaswherethereislimitedcompetition,aswithrailroadsorairlines.Publicpolicypermitssuchcompaniestomakeareasonable(12),butlimitstheirabilitytoraiseprices(13),sincethepublicdependsontheirservices.Oftencontrolis(14)toprotectthepublic,asforexample,whentheFoodandDrugAdministrationbansharmfuldrugs,orrequiresstandardsof(15)infood.Inotherindustries,governmentsetsguidelinestoensurefaircompetitionwithoutusingdirectcontrol.

StabilizationandGrowth.Branchesofgovernment,includingCongressandsuchentitiesastheFederalReserveBoard,attempttocontroltheextremesofboomandbust,ofinflationanddepression,by(16)taxrates,themoneysupply,andtheuseofcredit.Theycanalso(17)theeconomythroughchangesintheamountofpublicspendingbythegovernmentitself.

DirectAssistance.Thegovernmentprovidesmanykindsofhelpto(18)andindividuals.Forexample,tariffs(19)certainproductstoremainrelativelyfreeofforeigncompetition;importsaresometimestaxedsothatAmericanproductsareableto(20)betterwithcertainforeigngoods.Governmentsupportsindividualswhocannotadequatelycareforthemselves,bymakinggrantstoworkingparentswithdependentchildren,byprovidingmedicalcarefortheagedandtheindigent,andthroughsocialwelfaresystem.

問題1選項

A.economy

B.horror

C.magnifier

D.element

問題2選項

A.elevation

B.emotion

C.effect

D.election

問題3選項

A.dripping

B.serving

C.diverging

D.clamping

問題4選項

A.clearance

B.combustion

C.commence

D.maintenance

問題5選項

A.commonplace

B.responsibility

C.conductivity

D.consequence

問題6選項

A.consoled

B.compacted

C.paid

D.bracketed

問題7選項

A.services

B.boycotts

C.budgets

D.charters

問題8選項

A.banquet

B.boom

C.arena

D.enterprise

問題9選項

A.assertion

B.purpose

C.asset

D.assumption

問題10選項

A.admiration

B.interests

C.adoption

D.accuracy

問題11選項

A.monopoly

B.acceptance

C.abolition

D.morality

問題12選項

A.proximity

B.blend

C.breast

D.profit

問題13選項

A.fairly

B.unfairly

C.friendly

D.unnecessarily

問題14選項

A.exercised

B.broadened

C.bankrupted

D.exemplified

問題15選項

A.faculty

B.quantity

C.quality

D.fragment

問題16選項

A.applauding

B.assessing

C.ascending

D.adjusting

問題17選項

A.affect

B.accommodate

C.adhere

D.affirm

問題18選項

A.beverage

B.businesses

C.bondage

D.botany

問題19選項

A.perplex

B.permit

C.perturb

D.plunder

問題20選項

A.compensate

B.confront

C.console

D.compete

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:B

第6題:C

第7題:A

第8題:D

第9題:B

第10題:B

第11題:A

第12題:D

第13題:B

第14題:A

第15題:C

第16題:D

第17題:A

第18題:B

第19題:B

第20題:D

【解析】1.考查邏輯關(guān)系。element“元素、要素”;magnifier“放大鏡”;horror“恐怖”;economy“經(jīng)濟”。文章開頭第一句就講到消費者與生產(chǎn)者會對經(jīng)濟產(chǎn)生影響,由此可以推出文章接下來要講另一個影響因素,只有D符合題意。

2.考查詞匯辨析。elevation”海撥,提高”;emotion“情感、情緒”;election“選舉”;powerfuleffect“強大的影響力”,選項C符合題意。

3.考查邏輯關(guān)系。drip”滴下”;diverge“偏離、分叉”;clamp“夾住”。郵政系統(tǒng)屬于服務行業(yè),故選擇B“服務”。

4.考查名詞詞義辨析。clearance“清除”;combustion“燃燒、氧化”;commence“開始,著手”;maintenance“維修;維護”高速公路除了建設(shè),還需要對其進行保養(yǎng),才保證正常使用。選項D符合題意。

5.考查名詞詞義辨析。commonplace“老生常談、司空見慣的事”;conductivity“導電性”;consequence“結(jié)果,后果”。高速公路建設(shè)與保養(yǎng)問題,涉及一個歸屬與責任權(quán)的問題,句中提到individualstates(各個州)。由此可知選B(責任)符合題意。

6.考查動詞詞義辨析。console“安慰”;compact“壓縮、壓緊”;bracket“把...歸入同一類”。句中提到thepubliceducationalsystems,despitealargefundingrolebythefederalgovernment(公共教育系統(tǒng)大多數(shù)的資金由聯(lián)邦政府提供)。由此可知,接下來繼續(xù)談論費用的承擔問題。選項C(支付)符合題意。

7.考查固定搭配。boycott“聯(lián)合抵制”;budget“預算”;charter”憲章、特許狀”;

service“局、部”。Policeandfireprotectionandsanitation

Services(警察局、消防部門、衛(wèi)生局)。故選擇A。

8.考查名詞詞義辨析。banquet“宴會”;boom“興旺,繁榮”;arena“舞臺”;enterprise“企業(yè)”。文章是講政府在經(jīng)濟中發(fā)揮的作用,推動經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展很大程度上取決于企業(yè)的發(fā)展,句中business:此處理解為企業(yè)。選項D符合題意。

9.考查名詞詞義辨析。assertion“斷言、聲明”;asset“資產(chǎn),財產(chǎn)”;assumption“假定,假設(shè)”。政府實施對企業(yè)的管理是為了達到某一目的,故選擇B(目的,企圖)。

10.考查名詞詞義辨析。admiration”欽佩,贊賞”;adoption“采用,收養(yǎng)”;accuracy“精確度,準確性”。政府指導企業(yè)的發(fā)展,讓企業(yè)在盈利的同時,也需要滿足全社會的利益,故選擇B(利益)。

11.考查名詞詞義辨析。acceptance“接受”;abolition”廢除,廢止”;morality“道德,品行”。企業(yè)為了個人利益難免會壟斷某個行業(yè),Regulationisnecessaryinareas:政府在某些行業(yè)采取調(diào)控是有必要的。故得知選擇A(壟斷)。

12.考查名詞詞義辨析。proximity“接近,鄰近”;blend“混合”;breast“胸懷,乳房”。

企業(yè)要生存就必須盈利,故選擇D(利潤)。

13.考查副詞詞義辨析。fairly“公平地”;friendly“友好的”;unnecessarily“不必要地”。企業(yè)為了賺得更多的利潤,會打價格戰(zhàn),會惡意提高價格,故選擇B(不公平地)。

14.考查動詞詞義辨析。broaden“擴大,變寬”;bankrupt“破產(chǎn)”;exemplify”例證,例示”。control此處理解為調(diào)控,而這一行為是需要實施,故選擇A(運用,執(zhí)行)。

15.考查名詞詞義辨析。faculty“科,系”;quantity“量,數(shù)量”;fragment“碎片,片段”。theFoodandDrugAdministrationbansharmfuldrugs,orrequiresstandardsof65infood:食品藥品管理局禁止生產(chǎn)有害藥品,提出食品加工的質(zhì)量標準,由此可知選擇C(質(zhì)量)。

16.考查動詞詞義辨析。applaud“贊同,鼓掌”;assess“評定,估計”;ascend“上升,攀登”。...controltheextremesofboomandbust,ofinflation...:調(diào)控經(jīng)濟過熱和過度衰退,抑制通貨膨脹。要解決這些問題需要采用一些經(jīng)濟手段,如:調(diào)整稅率,貨幣發(fā)行量(themoneysupply),故選擇D(調(diào)整)。

17.考查名詞詞義辨析。accommodate“適應,調(diào)解”;adhere“堅持”;affirm“肯定,斷言”。運用經(jīng)濟手段(調(diào)整稅率、貨幣發(fā)行量),會對經(jīng)濟產(chǎn)生一定影響,故選擇A(影響)。

18.考查名詞詞義辨析。beverage“飲料”;bondage“束縛,奴役”;botany“植物學”。individual:個人,政府要保證個體利益也需要照顧全局,由此可以得知選擇B(企業(yè))。

19.考查動詞詞義辨析。Perplex“困惑,為難”;perturb“擾亂”;plunder”搶奪,搶劫”。tariffscertainproductstoremainrelativelyfreeofforeigncompetition;為了企業(yè)的更好的發(fā)展,可以允許減免某些企業(yè)的稅收,故選擇B(允許)。

20.考查動詞詞義辨析。compensate“補償、賠償”;confront“面對,遭遇”;console“安慰,慰藉”。...Americanproducts...withcertainforeigngoods(美國產(chǎn)品、外國產(chǎn)品),可得知國內(nèi)產(chǎn)品與外國產(chǎn)品為了爭得市場,必然存在競爭,故選D(競爭)。

10.單選題

TheshiftfromthemorepoliticaltothemoreindividualisticviewoflibertymaybeseeninhowtheconstitutionalguaranteeswithrespecttospeechandthepressaretypicallyspokenofintheUnitedStatestoday.Restraintsuponspeakingandpublishing,andindeeduponactiongenerally,arefewerthanatanytimeinthehistoryofthecountry.Thisabsenceofrestraintsisreflectedaswellintheverytermsinwhichtheserightsandprivilegesaredescribed.Whatwouldoncehavebeenreferredtoas“freedomofspeechandofthepress”(drawinguponthelanguageoftheFirstAmendmenttotheConstitutionoftheUnitedStates)isnowoftenreferredtoas“freedomofexpression”.

Tomakemuchoffreedomofexpressionistoencouragealiberationoftheselffromtheconstraintsofthecommunity.Itevencanassumethattheselfhas,intrinsictoitorsomehowavailabletoit,independentofanysocialguidance,intimationsofwhatitisandwhatitwants.

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