高三語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)

doing動(dòng)名詞gerundtodo不定式infinitivedoing/done分詞participle高三語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)3：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

Non-finites高三語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)共62頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第1頁(yè)!ThesignificanceofNon-finites1.單項(xiàng)填空的需要。2009年北京高考卷第24、28、34題。24.Forbreakfastheonlydrinksjuicefromfreshfruit____onhisownfarm.A.grownB.beinggrownC.tobegrownD.togrow答案為：A高三語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)共62頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第2頁(yè)!28.Allofthemtrytousethepoweroftheworkstation___informationinamoreeffectiveway.A.presentingB.presentedC.beingpresentedD.topresent

34.___twice,thepostmanrefusedtodeliverourlettersunlesswechainedourdog.A.BeingbittenB.BittenC.HavingbittenD.Tobebitten

答案為：28.D34.B高三語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)共62頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第3頁(yè)!3.書(shū)面表達(dá)的需要。

2009北京卷書(shū)面表達(dá)一.情景作文

（參考答案）

高三語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)共62頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第4頁(yè)!非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

答題技巧一、看缺謂語(yǔ)還是非謂語(yǔ)二、看主被動(dòng)關(guān)系三、看時(shí)間關(guān)系高三語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)共62頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第5頁(yè)!辨別缺少謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞還是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞Hehadhisleg___(break)while___(play)football.2.___(notdo)suchdifficultworkbefore,hefeltitwasterriblyhardforhim.3.Thestudents,___(work)hardthewholeterm,wanttorelaxthemselvesduringthesummerholidays.4.Theyoungman,

___(believe)tobethesonofthedetective

___(bite)byasnakeanddied.

高三語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)共62頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第6頁(yè)!非謂語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)的形式todoonlytodo/nevertododoing主動(dòng)、同時(shí)havingdone主動(dòng)、先于謂語(yǔ)發(fā)生done被動(dòng)beingdone被動(dòng)、同時(shí)havingbeendone被動(dòng)、先于謂語(yǔ)發(fā)生高三語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)共62頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第7頁(yè)!5.Onewomanwaslyinginbed,awake,____(listen)totherushingwinds.6.Theteachercameintotheclassroom,____(follow)bysomestudents.7.____(catch)thefirstbus,hegotupveryearly.8.Hewentbackonly___(find)hishousebrokeninto.listeningfollowedTocatchtofind高三語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)共62頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第8頁(yè)!不定式做定語(yǔ)1.不定式做定語(yǔ)，表將來(lái)Thecartobeboughtisforhissister.2.用來(lái)修飾被序數(shù)詞、最高級(jí)等限定的中心詞。Hewasthebestmantodothejob.HewasthefirstwomantowinthegoldmedalintheOlympicGames.高三語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)共62頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第9頁(yè)!現(xiàn)在/過(guò)去分詞做定語(yǔ)doing主動(dòng)beingdone被動(dòng)、進(jìn)行（正在被做）done被動(dòng)、完成高三語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)共62頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第10頁(yè)!Thehouse____(build)nowwillbeusedasourclassroombuilding.Thehouse______(build)nextmonthwillbeusedasourclassroombuilding.Thehouse____(build)lastyearwillbeusedasourclassroombuilding.beingbuilttobebuiltbuilt高三語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)共62頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第11頁(yè)!

主動(dòng)被動(dòng)todotobedonetobedoing……tohavedonetohavebeendone不定式

todo否定形式

復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)nottodoforsbtodo高三語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)共62頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第12頁(yè)!Weintend

tohaveapicniconSunday.Ifind

itinterestingtoworkwithhim.Idon’tknow

howtoworkitout.Ourteacherencouragesustoreadmore.I’llshowyouhowtofindthemuseum.句型：1.動(dòng)詞+todo/howtodo2.動(dòng)詞+sb.todo/

sb.howtodo3.動(dòng)詞+it+形容詞+todo賓語(yǔ)、賓補(bǔ)高三語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)共62頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第13頁(yè)!Ihavealotofwork

todo.

(doalotofwork;Idowork)Hehadnoroom

tolivein.(livein…room)Thefarmersthoughtofways

toprotecttheircrops.(=waysofprotecting…)Heisthefirst

toeeveryday.

定語(yǔ)高三語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)共62頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第14頁(yè)!找出不定式短語(yǔ)并判斷做什么成分Theydon’tliketobetooclosetooneanother.Theywillmovebacktokeepacertaindistanceaway.Wouldyoulikemetodosomethingforyou?高三語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)共62頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第15頁(yè)!不定式主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)高三語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)共62頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第16頁(yè)!3、不定式與其所修飾的名詞構(gòu)成邏輯上主謂關(guān)系Doyouhaveaknifetocutthewatermelon?4、由于表語(yǔ)形容詞后，和句中主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系Thisbookisdifficulttounderstand.Thiskindoffishisnicetoeat.knifedifficultnice高三語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)共62頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第17頁(yè)!非謂語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)非謂語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞-ing和不定式todo習(xí)慣用法高三語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)共62頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第18頁(yè)!Thehouse____(build)nowwillbeusedasourclassroombuilding.Thehouse______(build)nextmonthwillbeusedasourclassroombuilding.Thehouse____(build)lastyearwillbeusedasourclassroombuilding.beingbuilttobebuiltbuilt高三語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)共62頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第19頁(yè)!Iheardhimsingingasonginthenextroom.Iheardhimsingasongjustnow.IheardasongsungbyhiminEnglish.注意：1判斷非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與賓語(yǔ)的主被動(dòng)關(guān)系

2判斷時(shí)間關(guān)系高三語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)共62頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第20頁(yè)!動(dòng)詞-ing和不定式todo習(xí)慣用法非謂語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)高三語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)共62頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第21頁(yè)!某些V+todo作賓語(yǔ)決心學(xué)會(huì)想希望，拒絕設(shè)法愿假裝。主動(dòng)答應(yīng)選計(jì)劃，同意請(qǐng)求幫一幫。☆decide/determine,learn,want,expect/hope/wish/desire;

refuse,manage,care,pretend;☆offer,promise,choose,plan;

agree,ask/beg,help高三語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)共62頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第22頁(yè)!動(dòng)詞-ing---賓語(yǔ)1、以下詞組后can’thelp,can’tstand,bebusy,feellikebeused

to,lookforward

to,devoteto,stick

to,object

to,

getdown

to,giveup,goon,keepon,insiston,putoff;thank..for；prevent…from;stop…fromhavedifficulty/troubleinhaveawonderful/hardtimein高三語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)共62頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第23頁(yè)!窗戶該擦了.Thewindowneeds(requires/wants)cleaning=tobecleaned.這個(gè)地方值得參觀.Theplaceisworth

visiting.Theplaceisworthy

of

beingvisited.Theplaceisworthy

tobevisited.高三語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)共62頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第24頁(yè)!動(dòng)詞不定式todo1.一些固定的句型hadbetterdosth.wouldratherdosth.thandosth.prefertodoratherthandosth.

preferdoingtodoingWhynotdosth？/Whydosth?What/howaboutdoingsth?

高三語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)共62頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第25頁(yè)!不定式的省略，單獨(dú)保留to1.動(dòng)詞：tell，ask，advise，wish，permit，force，expect,forget,refuse,intend,like,mean,seem,try,want,hope,love,be

afraid后的動(dòng)詞不定式可省，但留toIaskedhimtoseethefilm,buthedidn’twantto.2.形容詞：不定式在happy，glad，eager，ready，willing，pleased的詞后可以省略，但要保留不定式符號(hào)to。--Willyoujoininthegame?--I’dbegladto.高三語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)共62頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第26頁(yè)!—Youshouldhavethankedherbeforeyouleft.—Imeant_____,butwhenIwasleavingIcouldn'tfindheranywhere.todoB.toC.doingD.doingto

B.to高三語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)共62頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第27頁(yè)!特殊情況獨(dú)立成份:有些短語(yǔ)，不受上下文影響，叫做獨(dú)立成份，常見(jiàn)的有Generallyspeaking,Franklyspeaking,Judgingfrom…Considering(takingeverythingintoconsideration)…Totellyouthetruth,Tobefrank,Comparedwith…高三語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)共62頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第28頁(yè)!make主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一般式進(jìn)行式完成式一般式完成式不定式towritetobemakingtohavemadetobemadetohavebeenmade現(xiàn)在分詞making

havingmadebeingmadehavingbeenmade動(dòng)名詞過(guò)去分詞

made

非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用法比較詳析高三語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)共62頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第29頁(yè)!5+3高三語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)共62頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第30頁(yè)!Translatethefollowingsentences:1.為了減肥，她每天只吃一些水果。2.我叔叔醒了,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)自己躺在醫(yī)院病床上.3.由于不知道如何做這事，我向我的老師尋求幫助。4.被父親打了一頓，那個(gè)小男孩不敢出門(mén)。5.在操場(chǎng)上踢足球的那個(gè)男孩是我的同桌。高三語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)共62頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第31頁(yè)!5.在操場(chǎng)上踢足球的那個(gè)男孩是我的同桌。Theboyplayingfootballontheplaygroundismydeskmate.高三語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)共62頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第32頁(yè)!2.閱讀理解的需要。2009北京卷閱讀E…Campingisabouthavingrelaxation,sleepingoutdoors,experiencingbadweathers,andmakingdowithoutmodernconveniences.Abusy,fully-equippedcampsite(野營(yíng)地）seemstogoagainstthis,…看閱讀5+3P218高三語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)共62頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第33頁(yè)!….Inthemorning,webicycledtothesuburbstoplanttrees,talkingandlaughing

allthetime.….Aftergettingtheworkdone,weputupaboardremindingpeopletoprotect

thetrees.Before

leaving

wetooksomephotostorecordourgreenaction.

Seeingthelinesoftrees,weallhadasenseofachievement.Wefeelit'sourdutytoprotectandbeautifyourenvironment.GREENACTIONINOURCLASS高三語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)共62頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第34頁(yè)!辨別是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞還是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞iswritingwrittenhavewrittenwrotetohavebeenwrittenwritehavebeenwrittentowrite

havebeenwritingwriteshavingwritteniswrittenbeingwrittenwriting辨別是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞還是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞iswritingwrittenhavewritten

wrotetohavebeenwrittenwritehavebeenwrittentowrite

havebeenwriting

writeshavingwritteniswritten

beingwrittenwriting高三語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)共62頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第35頁(yè)!非謂語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞done---時(shí)間、原因、伴隨、條件等現(xiàn)在分詞doing--時(shí)間、原因、伴隨不定式todo----目的、結(jié)果高三語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)共62頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第36頁(yè)!用所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空(doing/done/todo)1.____(knock)downbyacar,shehadtostayinbedforsometime.2.___(noreceive)anynewsfromhomeforsolong,shegotmoreandmorehomesick.3.____(cross)thestreet,shewasknockeddownbyamotorbike.4.____(heat),waterwillturnintovapor.KnockedNothavingreceivedCrossingHeated高三語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)共62頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第37頁(yè)!非謂語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞doing----過(guò)去分詞done----不定式todo----進(jìn)行完成將來(lái)主動(dòng)被動(dòng)高三語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)共62頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第38頁(yè)!3.被修飾的詞為抽象名詞時(shí)，用不定式。常見(jiàn)的有：ability,chance,idea,fact,belief,way…DoyouhavetheabilitytoreadandwriteinEnglish?Ihavenochancetogosightseeing.高三語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)共62頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第39頁(yè)!1.Ihaveneverseenamoremoving

movie.2.Listen!Thesong

beingsungisverypopularwiththestudents.3.Haveyoureadthenovel

writtenbyDickens?比較：Thequestion

tobediscussedattomorrow’smeetingisaveryimportantone.高三語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)共62頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第40頁(yè)!不定式用法及功能高三語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)共62頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第41頁(yè)!Tolearnchemistrywell

isn’t

easy.(=)Howtosolvetheproblem

isveryimportant.Ourworkis

tocleanthewindows.Myquestion

is

whentostart.注意：1.謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)形式2.用it做形式主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)Itisn’teasytolearnchemistrywell.)高三語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)共62頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第42頁(yè)!某些V+todo作賓語(yǔ)決心學(xué)會(huì)想希望，拒絕設(shè)法愿假裝。主動(dòng)答應(yīng)選計(jì)劃，同意請(qǐng)求幫一幫?！頳ecide/determine,learn,want,expect/hope/wish;

refuse,manage,care,pretend;☆offer,promise,choose,plan;

agree,ask/beg,help高三語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)共62頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第43頁(yè)!Weeattolive.Wedon’tlivetoeat.Peopleshaketheirheadsinordertoshowdisagreement.Heworkshardsoasto

catchupwiththeothersinhisclass.Heworkssohardasto

catchupwiththeothersinhisclass.Wewereveryexcitedtohearthenews.Hewokeuponly

tofindeverybodygone.inordertodo目的soastodo目的so…astodo結(jié)果onlytodo（未預(yù)料到的）結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)高三語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)共62頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第44頁(yè)!Haveyougotanythingtosay?Itisapleasuretomeetyou.Wavingone’shandistosay“Goodbye”.Idon’tknowhowtomunicatewithforeigners.高三語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)共62頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第45頁(yè)!–Wouldyouliketojoinusintheparty?--I’dliketo,butIhavealotofthings____.A.tobedoneB.tohavedoneC.todoD.beingdone2.Atpresent,Englishisthemainsubject____here.A.tobetaughtB.beingtaughtC.toteachD.teachingIEnglish1.

不定式與被修飾名詞形成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，同時(shí)與句子主語(yǔ)形成主謂關(guān)系時(shí)，不定式用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)。2.不定式與被修飾名詞雖然形成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，但與句子主語(yǔ)并非主謂關(guān)系時(shí)，用被動(dòng)形式。高三語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)共62頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第46頁(yè)!–Wouldyouliketojoinusintheparty?--I’dliketo,butIhavealotofthingstodo.2.Doyouhaveaknifetocutthewatermelon?3.Thisbookisdifficulttounderstand.

Readaloud高三語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)共62頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第47頁(yè)!非謂語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞doing----過(guò)去分詞done----不定式todo----進(jìn)行完成將來(lái)主動(dòng)被動(dòng)高三語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)共62頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第48頁(yè)!非謂語(yǔ)作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)

主動(dòng)？被動(dòng)？高三語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)共62頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第49頁(yè)!Doyouliketheroom____________now?

A.cleaningB.tobecleaned

C.cleanedD.beingcleaned

2.Hehadhisleg______whileplayingfootball.A.breakingB.tobreakC.brokenD.bebrokenbeingcleanedbroken高三語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)共62頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第50頁(yè)!一、不定式todo-----作賓語(yǔ)1、常見(jiàn)的及物動(dòng)詞：wish,hope,intend,desire,expectask,refuse,agree,promise,plan;decide;

afford;offer,manage,pretend,fail;happentodo

（碰巧做某事）高三語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)共62頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第51頁(yè)!二、動(dòng)詞-ing---賓語(yǔ)以下動(dòng)詞直接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)practice,keep,imagine,minddislike,enjoy,appreciateescape,avoid,miss,delay,admitfinish,risk,resist,suggest，excusepermit,allow,forbid,advise,considerV-ing作賓語(yǔ)；todo作賓補(bǔ)高三語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)共62頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第52頁(yè)!動(dòng)詞-ing---賓語(yǔ)2.動(dòng)詞need,require,want，beworth

作“需要”解時(shí)，其后用動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)性式或不定式的被動(dòng)形式作賓語(yǔ)。

need,require,want還可以跟不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。物+need/require/want+doing=tobedoneneed,require,wantsb.todosth.beworth+表示錢(qián)數(shù)/相當(dāng)于錢(qián)數(shù)的名詞beworthdoingsth./n.beworthyofsth.beworthyofbeingdone=tobedone高三語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)共62頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第53頁(yè)!只能用V-ing作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞口訣：考慮建議盼原諒，承認(rèn)推遲沒(méi)得想。避免錯(cuò)過(guò)繼續(xù)練，否認(rèn)完成就欣賞。禁止想象才冒險(xiǎn)，不禁介意準(zhǔn)逃亡?！頲onsider,suggest/advise,lookforwardto,excuse/pardon

admit,delay/putoff,fancy(設(shè)想；猜測(cè)).☆avoid,misskeep/keepon,practice

deny,finish,enjoy/appreciate☆forbid,imagine,riskcan’thelp,mind,allow/permit,escape《5+3》P61高三語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)共62頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第54頁(yè)!不定式==作賓語(yǔ)2.to的省略當(dāng)but之前有do的某種形式；Wecoulddonothingbut

wait.Wehadnothingtodo

but

wait.can’tchoosebutdo;can’thelpbutdoWecouldn’tchoose

but

standhim.Wecan’thelp

buttellhimthetruth.Wehavenochoicebut

towait.高三語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)共62頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第55頁(yè)!不定式的省略注意：1）其否定形式的省略式notto.--shallIgoinsteadofhim?--Iprefernotto.2）如果不定式中含有“be,havedone,havebeen”,則通常保留be,have,havebeen--Areyouasailor?--No,butIusedtobe.--Hehasn’tfinishedyet.--Well,heoughttohave.--Theworkhasn’tbeenfinishedyet.--well,itoughttohavebeen