大學(xué)英語學(xué)習(xí)課件U2-1

Unit2ChildhoodMemories12CulturalChildhoodsSupermanText

SUPERMAN1heyearthewarbeganIwasinthe

fifthgradeattheAnnieF.Warren

GrammarSchoolinWinthrop,and

TextTthatwasthewinterIwontheprizefordrawingthebestCivilDefensesigns.ThatwasalsothewinterofPaulaBrown'snewsnowsuit,andevennow,13yearslater,Icanrecallthechangingcolorsofthosedays,clearanddefiniteasapatternseenthroughakaleidoscope.2

Ilivedonthebaysideoftown,onJohnson

Avenue,oppositetheLoganAirport,andbefore

Iwenttobedeachnight,Iusedtokneelby

thewestwindowofmyroomandlookover

thelightsofBostonthatblazedandblinked

far

offacrossthedarkeningwater.

Text

Thesunset

flaunteditspinkflagabovetheairport,and

thesoundofwaveswaslostintheperpetual

droningoftheplanes.Imarveledatthe

movingbeaconsontherunwayandwatched,

untilitgrewcompletelydark,theflashingred

andgreenlightsthatroseandsetinthesky

likeshootingstars.TheairportwasmyMecca,myJerusalem.AllnightIdreamedofflying.

Text3

Thosewerethedaysofmytechnicolor

dreams.MotherbelievedthatIshouldhave

anenormousamountofsleep,andsoIwas

neverreallytiredwhenIwenttobed.Thiswas

thebesttimeoftheday,whenIcouldliein

thevaguetwilight,driftingofftosleep,making

updreamsinsidemyheadthewaythey

shouldgo.Myflyingdreamswerebelievable

asalandscapebyDali,sorealthatIwould

awakewithasuddenshock,abreathless

senseofhavingtumbledlikeIcarusfromthe

skyandcaughtmyselfonthesoftbedjustin

time.

Text

roaring

by

inhis

shiningblue

suitwith

hiscape

whistling

inthe

wind,lookingremarkablylikemyUncleFrankwhowaslivingwithmother

andme.InthemagicwhirlingofhiscapeIcouldhearthewingsofa

hundredseagulls,themotorsofathousandplanes.Text

These

nightly

adventures

in

space

began

whenSupermanstartedinvadingmydreams

andteachingmehowtofly.Heusedtocome4

IwasnottheonlyworshipperofSupermaninour

block.David

Stirling,apale,

bookishboywholived

downthe

street,

sharedmy

loveforthesheerpoetry

offlight.Beforesupper

everynight,we

listenedtoSuperman

togetherontheradio,andduringthedaywemadeupourownadventuresonthewaytoschool.Text5

TheAnnieF.WarrenGrammarSchoolwasared-brickbuilding,

setbackfromthemainhighway

onablacktarstreet,surrounded

bybarrengravelplaygrounds.OutbytheparkinglotDavidandI

foundtheperfectalcoveforourSupermandramas.Thedingyback

entrancetotheschoolwasdeep-set

inalongpassageway

which

wasanexcellentplaceforsurprisecapturesandsuddenrescues.

Text6

Duringrecess,DavidandIcameintoourown.Weignored

the

boysplayingbaseball

onthegravel

courtandthe

girlsgigglingat

dodge-ballinthedell.OurSuperman

gamesmadeusoutlaws,

yet

gaveusasenseofwindy

superiority.Weevenfoundastand-infor

avillaininSheldonFein,thesallow

mamma'sboyonourblockwho

wasleftoutoftheboys'gamesbecausehecriedwheneveranybody

taggedhimandalwaysmanagedtofalldownandskinhisfatknees.Text7

Atfirst,wehadtopromptSheldoninhispart,butafterawhilehe

becameanexpert

oninventingtortures

andevencarriedthemoutin

private,beyondthegame.Heusedto

pullthewings

fromflies

and

thelegsoffgrasshoppers,andkeepthebrokeninsectscaptiveina

jarhiddenunderhisbedwherehecouldtake

themoutinsecretand

watchthemstruggling.David

andIneverplayedwithSheldonexcept

atrecess.Afterschoolwelefthimtohismamma

andhisbonbons

andhishelplessinsects.Text8

AtthetimemyUncleFrankwaslivingwithuswhilewaitingtobe

drafted,andIwassurethatheboreanextraordinaryresemblance

toSupermanincognito.Davidcouldn'tseethelikenessasclearlyas

Idid,butheadmittedthatUncleFrankwasthestrongestmanhe

hadeverknown,andcoulddolotsoftrickslikemakingcaramels

disappearundernapkinsandwalkingonhishands.Text超人1

戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)的那一年，我在溫斯羅普的安妮·F.沃倫文法學(xué)校讀五年級，那年冬天我獲得了民防圖標設(shè)計賽冠軍。也就是在那個冬天，波拉·布朗買了新的防雪服，即便是13年后的今天，我仍然能清晰地記起那些精彩紛呈的日子，它們歷歷在目，猶如萬花筒里看到的圖案那樣色彩斑斕。Text

2

我的家位于城里靠海灣的一側(cè)，在洛根機場對面的約翰遜大道上。每天晚上睡覺前，我都會跪在臥室朝西的窗戶旁，眺望黑幽幽的海水那邊波士頓城明亮閃爍的燈光。Text

夕陽將粉色的余暉灑在機場上空，浪濤的聲音永遠淹沒在一架架飛機永無休止的嗡嗡聲中。我驚奇地望著跑道上的移動信標，看著那些閃爍的紅燈、綠燈像流星般升起、降落，直到機場變得一片漆黑為止。機場就是我的麥加，我的耶路撒冷。我整夜都在做夢，夢見自己在空中飛行。Text

3

那正是我夢想斑斕的歲月。媽媽認為我需要大量的睡眠，所以我每天上床睡覺時一點兒都不覺得累。那是一天中最美好的時光，我可以躺下，在昏暗的暮色中慢慢進入夢鄉(xiāng)，腦子里制造出許多奇異的夢來。我的飛行夢像達利的風(fēng)景畫那么真實可信，以致于自己常常會在一陣驚嚇中醒來，好像伊卡羅斯那樣從天空中摔下來，雖然發(fā)現(xiàn)自己剛好掉到軟軟的床上，但也被嚇得喘不過氣來。Text

當超人開始侵入我的夢鄉(xiāng)，并教給我飛行的技巧之后，我每夜的太空冒險便開始了。超人身著耀眼的藍色衣服，肩披隨風(fēng)颼颼作響的斗篷，經(jīng)常從我身邊呼嘯而過。他長得太像我的舅舅弗蘭克了，舅舅那會兒正跟媽媽和我住在一起。超人的斗篷神奇地旋轉(zhuǎn)時，我好像能聽見上百只海鷗的振翅聲，上千架飛機的馬達轟鳴聲。Text

4

我不是這個街區(qū)里唯一的超人崇拜者，在街另一頭，那個臉色蒼白、有點書呆子氣的男孩兒戴維·斯特令和我一樣，熱愛飛行的純粹的詩意。每天晚飯前，我們一起收聽電臺的超人故事，白天在上學(xué)的路上，我們自己設(shè)計出各種各樣的冒險活動。Text

5

安妮·F.沃倫文法學(xué)校是一座紅磚樓，座落在遠離主干道的一條黑色柏油街道上，學(xué)校四周是光禿禿的鋪著碎石的操場。戴維和我發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)校外面停車場附近有一個角落，那里是我們玩超人游戲的絕佳場所。那條長長的過道通向?qū)W校又黑又臟的后門，非常適合玩意外抓捕和快速解救的游戲。Text

6

課間休息時，我和戴維可以大展身手了。我們對在碎石操場上打棒球的男孩兒們視而不見，也不搭理那些在小山谷里一邊玩躲球游戲一邊咯咯傻笑的女孩兒們。超人游戲讓我們變得像兩個逃犯似的，但也給了我們一種虛幻的優(yōu)越感，我們甚至找謝爾登·費恩來充當惡棍。他是街區(qū)里一個臉色蒼白、膽小怕事的孩子，沒有男孩兒愿意和他玩，因為一有人追他他就哭，而且老是自己摔倒在地，擦傷他那胖胖的膝蓋。Text

7

一開始我們還得教謝爾登怎么扮演他的角色，可沒過多久他就變成了一位發(fā)明虐刑的專家，甚至私下里悄悄實施他的刑罰。他常常扯下蒼蠅的翅膀，揪掉蚱蜢的腿，并把這些殘廢了的昆蟲囚禁在瓶子里，藏到床底下，這樣他就可以偷偷把它們拿出來，看著它們痛苦掙扎的樣子。戴維和我只在課間休息的時候和謝爾登玩，放學(xué)后我們就讓他回家跟他的媽媽、棒棒糖以及那些無助的昆蟲為伴。Text

8

那時候，弗蘭克舅舅住在我們家，等著參軍。我肯定他和隱姓埋名的超人長得特別像。戴維卻看不出我舅舅和超人有多么相像，但他承認弗蘭克舅舅是他這輩子所見過的最強壯的人，而且他會變很多戲法，比如用餐巾一蓋上糖果，糖就沒了，他還能倒立行走。TextWords&PhrasesgrammarschoolkaleidoscopedarkendronerunwaytwilightbreathlesstumbledriftshootingstarmarvelflauntblazesnowsuitnightlybelievabletechnicolorbeaconperpetualblinkdefinitecapebookishbarrenalcovepoetrywhirldingytarworshipperWords&Phrasespassagewayrecessgiggledodgedodgeballdelloutlawbonbongrasshoppertortureprompttagsallowvillainnapkincaramellikenessincognitowindysuperioritydrafthelplessstand-inresemblanceWords&Phrasesdriftoffsetbackcomeintoone’sownbeara…resemblancetoWords&PhrasesWinthrop溫斯洛普（美國一地名）CivilDefense民防系統(tǒng)PaulaBrown波拉·布朗（人名）JohnsonAvenue約翰遜大街LoganAirport（波士頓）洛根機場Boston波士頓Mecca麥加Jerusalem耶路撒冷Dali達里（1904-1989）

Words&PhrasesDavidStirling戴維·斯特令（人名）Icarus

伊卡羅斯

SheldonFein謝爾登·費恩（人名）grammarschooln.[C]1)(AmE)aprimaryschool小學(xué)e.g.HealmostcertainlyattendedtheGrammarSchoolinthetown,butwecannotbesureofthis.

幾乎可以肯定他當時在鎮(zhèn)上念小學(xué)，但對此我們沒有絕對把握。Agrammarschoolisaslightlyold-fashionedtermforanelementaryschoolintheUS.Words&Phrases2)(BrE)

aschoolintheUKforchildrenbetweentheagesof11and18whohavepassedaspecialexaminationtobeallowedtogothere文法學(xué)校（供11歲至18歲孩子上的學(xué)校，需通過特殊考試后方能獲準進入）e.g.SomanystudentsgainedentrytoOxfordthisyear,whichwasprettygoodgoingforaprovincialGrammarSchool.今年這么多學(xué)生考進了牛津大學(xué)。這對一個偏遠的文法學(xué)校來說是相當大的進步。

InBritainagrammarschoolreferstoasecondaryschool.Words&Phrasessnowsuitn.

[C]

achild'sovergarmentforcoldweather兒童風(fēng)雪服e.g.Iputonmyredsnowsuitandblackboots.

我穿上紅色滑雪服和黑色的靴子。Words&Phrases

definitea.

1)

(neverbeforenoun)

veryclearaboutwhatyousaysothateveryoneunderstandsyou;(ofaperson)certainorsureaboutsth.清楚的；清晰的；（人）確信的，肯定的

e.g.

1.She’snotdefiniteaboutretiringfromthegame.

她尚未表明是否退出比賽。2.ThedoctorisquitedefiniteaboutTomhavingmeasles.

醫(yī)生十分肯定湯姆得了麻疹。

2)clearlydecidedandspecific明確的；確切的e.g.Wehaven’tarrangedadefinitedateforourvisityet.

我們還沒有安排訪問的確切日期。

Words&Phraseskaleidoscopen.

[C]

atoythatshowschangingpatterns,consistingofatubewithcolouredpiecesinside萬花筒e.g.Tomwasgivenakaleidoscopeonhisbirthday.湯姆在他生日當天得到一支萬花筒。Words&Phrasesblazevi.1)shineverybrightly發(fā)強光；閃耀e.g.Thesunblazeddownaswewalkedalongthevalley.我們沿著山谷走，頭頂太陽灼人。

2)burnstronglyandbrightly熊熊燃燒e.g.Thefollowingmorningthebuildingwasstillblazing.

第二天早上，那座建筑還在熊熊燃燒。Words&Phrases

blinkvi.

1)ifalightblinks,itgoesonandoffcontinuously（燈）閃爍e.g.Neonsignswereblinkingoutsidebarsandcasinos.酒吧和賭場外霓虹燈招牌閃爍。

2)

closeyoureyesforaveryshorttimeandquicklyopenthemagain眨（眼）e.g.Heblinkedhiseyesnervously.他緊張地眨著眼睛。Words&Phrases

darkenv.becomedarker,ormakesth.darker（使）變暗；（使）變黑e.g.

1.Theskydarkenedandafewdropsofrainfell.天空暗了下來，下了幾滴雨。2.Theeveningshadowsdarkenedtheroom.

黑夜來臨，房子里暗了下來。Wordfamily:dark

a.Wordformation:a.

+en→v.red→redden short→shorten sharp→sharpenWords&Phrases

flauntvt.

deliberatelytrytomakepeoplenoticeyourpossessions,beauty,abilitiesetc,becauseyouwantthemtoadmireyou炫耀；夸耀；夸示e.g.

1.

Lawrencedidn’tflaunthiswealth–helivedasimplelife.

勞倫斯從不炫富，他過著簡樸的生活。2.Ifyouhavelotsofmoney,doyouliketoflauntit?

如果很富有，你會想要去炫耀嗎？Words&Phrasesperpetuala.

continuingallthetime;happeningsooftenthatyoubecomeannoyedasaresult無休止的；頻繁（以致令人生厭）的e.g.1.Manypeopleliveinperpetualfearoflosingtheirjobs.

許多人老是生活在失業(yè)的恐懼中。2.

Weheardhisperpetualnoiseintheroom.

我們聽見他在房間里老是發(fā)出聲音。

Words&Phrases

dronevi.

makealowcontinuousnoise發(fā)出嗡嗡聲e.g.

1.Anairplanedronedoverhead.一架飛機在頭上嗡嗡飛過。2.Igotridofthefan,becauseitwasmuchmorepleasanttoworkonacomputerthatdidn'tdroneallthetime.

我去掉了散熱扇，因為使用一臺不嗡嗡作響的電腦來工作更令人愉悅。Words&Phrasesmarvelv.(~at/over)

showorfeelsurpriseoradmiration

(對……)感到驚訝；欽佩e.g.1.Wemarvelledattheviewthatopenedupbeforeus.

我們對展現(xiàn)在面前的一片景色驚佩不已。2.VisitorstoRomemarveloverthebeautyofthecity.

來到羅馬的游客無不驚嘆于它的美麗。Wordfamily:marvelous

a.e.g.

Neverhaveweseensomarvelouslandscape.

我們從來沒有見過如此美妙的風(fēng)景。Words&Phrases

beaconn.[C]

abrightlightorfirethatshinesinthedarkandisusedasasignaltowarnpeopleagainstdangerortoshowthemthewaysomewhere指示燈；燈標；烽火B(yǎng)eaconsareusedinairportstoshowapproachinganddepartingplanesthepositionoftherunwaystohelpthemlandandtakeoffsafely.e.g.Thebeacononthecoastistowarnandguideships.

海岸上的信號燈是用來提醒和引導(dǎo)船舶的。Words&Phrases

runwayn.[C]

alongroadusedbyplaneswhentheylandandtakeoff,usuallyatanairport（通常指機場的）跑道e.g.1.Aplanethissizecan'tflyoffsuchashortrunway.這樣大的飛機無法從這么短的跑道上起飛。

2.Therunwayhasbeenclearedfortake-off.

跑道已經(jīng)暢通，可以起飛。

Words&Phrasesshootingstarn.[C]

ameteorthatmakesalineoflightasitfallsthroughthesky流星e.g.

1.Ashootingstarlightenedthesky.一顆流星劃亮了天空。2.Doyouwishwhenyouseeashootingstar?你看見流星時許愿嗎？Words&Phrases

technicolorn.[U](AmE)anextremelycolorfulqualityorappearance,especiallyonethatlooksartificial（尤指看起來不自然的）鮮艷的色彩e.g.Itisalushtechnicolorcoat.

這件外套顏色艷麗。

Words&Phrasestwilightn.[U]

1)thesoftglowinglightfromtheskywhenthesunisbelowthehorizon,causedbythereflectionofthesun'sraysfromtheatmosphere

暮色；暮光e.g.Cloudsarevioletinthesummertwilight.

夏天暮色中云彩是紫羅蘭色的。2)thetimeintheeveningwhentheskyisbeginningtogetdark黃昏；薄暮時分e.g.Twilightwasfallingaswelefttheplace.我們離開那里時已是傍晚。

Words&Phrases

driftvi.

1)bepushedalongveryslowlybythemovementofairorwater漂流；漂e.g.Thicksmokedriftedacrossthetown.

濃煙在鎮(zhèn)上飄蕩。

2)movesomewhereslowlyasthoughyoudonotknowwhereyouaregoing隨意走動；游蕩e.g.HespenttheyeardriftingaroundtheEurope.

他這一年來一直在歐洲各地漂泊。Seealso:driftoff.Words&Phrases

ChoosetheONEthatbestcompletesthesentence.Inordertomakethingsconvenientforthepeople,thedepartmentisplanningtosetupsome________shopsintheresidentialarea.(CET4-2004-06-41)

A)flowingB)driftingC)mobileD)unstableWords&Phrases

Cbelievableadj.seemingpossibleortrue可相信的；可信任的e.g.

1.Theevidencemustbeconsideredbelievableorworthyoftrust.

證據(jù)必須是可信的或令人信服的。2.Charactersmustbebelievablesothattheaudiencecancareaboutthem.角色必須是可信的，這樣觀眾才能關(guān)注他們。

Wordfamily:believe

v.Words&Phrases

breathlessadj.breathingveryfastandhard,forexampleafterexercising;holdingorasifholdingthebreathduetoexcitementorotherstrongfeelings呼吸急促的；氣喘吁吁的；（由于激動或其他強烈的感情而）屏息的

e.g.

1.Shewasbreathlessafterrunningupthestairs.跑上樓梯她就氣喘吁吁了。2.Thechildrenarebreathlessastheywatchthetightropeact.

孩子們在看走繩索表演時都屏住了呼吸。Wordfamily:breath

n.Words&Phrases

tumblevi.

1)falltoground摔倒；跌倒e.g.Jacklosthisbalanceandtumbledbackwards.

杰克失去了平衡，仰天摔了一跤。

2)fallsuddenlyandsharply（價格或價值）猛跌；暴跌e.g.

1.Oilpriceshavetumbled.

油價已暴跌。2.Sharepricestumbledonthestock-market.

股市上股票價格暴跌。

Words&Phrases

nightlya.

&ad.(happening)everynight每夜(的)；每晚(的)e.g.

1.MyhusbandandIlikewatchingthenightlytalkshow.

我和丈夫愛看每晚的談話節(jié)目。2.Themysteriouslightsappearnightlyintheabandonedhouse.

神秘的亮光每天晚上都在那間廢棄的房子里出現(xiàn)。Wordfamily:night

n.Words&Phrasescapen.[C]1)aloosepieceofclothingwithoutsleevesthathangsfromyourshoulders披肩；披風(fēng)

e.g.Whatdoyouthinkofmynewcape?

你覺得我新披肩怎么樣？2)Alargeareaoflandthatcontinuesfurtheroutintoseathanthelanditispartof.Thiswordisoftenusedinthenamesofplaces.海角；岬（常用于地名）e.g.TheyknewbyradiothattheshiphadjustcircledtheHopeCape.他們通過無線電了解到船剛剛繞過了好望角。Words&Phrases

whirlv.spinquicklyincircles（使）飛旋；（使）旋轉(zhuǎn)

e.g.

1.Wewatchedtheseagullswhirlingandshriekingovertheharbour.

我們看海鷗在港口上空盤旋鳴叫。2.Itmaywhirleitherclockwiseorcounterclockwise.它可能順時針方向或逆時針方向旋轉(zhuǎn)。Words&Phrases

worshippern.[C]1)someonewholovessomeoneorsomethingverymuch崇拜者e.g.Hehas

receivedapostcardfromaworshipper.

他收到了一張來自崇拜者的明信片。2)someonewhoworshipsagod敬神者；拜神者e.g.Beforethetemplewasopened,theworshipperhadbegunhischants.

寺廟還沒有開門，拜神者已經(jīng)開始了吟唱。

Wordfamily:worship

v.Words&Phrases

bookish

a.moreinterestedinstudyingandreadingbooksthanintakingpartinphysicalactivitiessuchassports好學(xué)習(xí)的；喜歡讀書的e.g.

1.Janewasalwaysabookishchild.

簡一直是個愛學(xué)習(xí)的孩子。2.TheythinkCharlesmightnotbelearnedandbookishenoughtopleaseLadyRussel.他們認為，也許因為查爾斯沒有學(xué)問，缺乏書卷氣，不討拉塞爾夫人喜歡。Words&Phrases

poetryn.[U]

1)

someoneorsomethingofgreatbeauty,emotion,orimagination,orthequalityofbeauty,emotion,orimaginationWords詩一般的美（或感受、想象）；詩意；詩情e.g.PerhapsthereismorepoetryintraditionalChinesepaintings.

也許中國畫里的詩意較多一點。2)poems詩；詩歌e.g.Poetryhelpstointerpretlife.

詩歌有助于闡釋人生的意義。Words&Phrasestarn.[U]athickblackliquidmadefromcoal,usedespeciallyformakingthesurfacesofroads（尤指用于鋪路的）瀝青；柏油

e.g.

1.Thisisanewlytarredroad.

這是一條新鋪的柏油馬路。2.Theroofwascoveredwithtar.屋頂涂抹了一層瀝青。

Words&Phrasesbarrena.(ofland)toopoortoproducemuchoranyvegetation

（土地）貧瘠的；（地方）荒蕪的，不毛的e.g.1.Nothingcangrowinthisbarrenland.在這塊不毛之地上什么也不能生長。2.Suchabarrendesertcansupportveryfewcreatures.

在這樣荒瘠的沙漠里，很少生物能夠存活。

Words&Phrasesalcoven.[C]

asmallareainaroomthatiscreatedbybuildingpartofonewallfurtherbackthantherestofthewall凹室；壁龕Words&Phrasese.g.Acardtablewassetupinanalcoveinthelivingroom.

起居室的凹室里放著一張牌桌。dingy

a.adingyplaceorobjectisratherdarkinanunpleasantwayandoftenlooksdirty暗淡的；灰暗無光的

e.g.

1.Heatelunchinadingylittlecafenexttothestation.他中飯是在車站旁一家的灰暗的咖啡廳里吃的。2.Heleftforhissmalldingyroom.他走向自己狹窄昏暗的房間。Words&Phrases

passagewayn.[C]

alongnarrowareawithwallsoneachsidethatleadsfromoneroomorplacetoanother走廊；過道e.g.

1.Heledmedownanarrowpassageway.他帶我走過一條狹長的走道。2.Amusicalbellsoftlysoundedsomewhereinthepassageway.走廊的某處響起輕柔悅耳的鈴聲。

Words&Phrasesrecessn.

1)[C,U](AmE)aperiodbetweenschoollessonswhenstudentscaneat,rest,orplay課間休息e.g.Herfavoritethingsatschoolaremusicandrecess.她在學(xué)校最喜歡的是音樂課和課間休息。

2)[C]aspaceinaroomwherepartofawallisfurtherbackthantherestofit凹進處；壁龕e.g.Youcouldcreatetwogroupsofminiaturesintherecessesoneithersideofthefireplace.

你可以在壁爐兩邊的凹陷處創(chuàng)作兩組縮微畫。

Words&Phrases

Wordfamily：recession

n.aperiodwhentradeandindustryarenotsuccessfulandthereisalotofunemployment（經(jīng)濟）衰退，蕭條ChoosetheONEthatbestcompletesthesentence.Weshouldconcentrateonsharplyreducinginterestratestopulltheeconomyoutof________.(CET4-2003-06-43)

A)rejectionB)restrictionC)retreatD)recessionWords&PhrasesDgigglevi.(~at)

laughinanervous,excited,orsillywaythatisdifficulttocontrol咯咯笑；傻笑e.g.

1.LindaandChristinaweregigglingatsomeprivatejoke.

琳達和克里斯蒂娜正因一些私人笑話而咯咯發(fā)笑。2.Thechildrencouldn'tstopgigglingattheteacher'shigh-pitchedvoice.教師的調(diào)門兒高，孩子們都不禁咯咯地笑起來。Words&Phrases

Cf.

laugh,smile,giggle,grin,beam,sneer均含“笑”之意laugh:

最常用詞，指因喜悅、愉快或輕視而出聲的笑或大笑。smile:

指面露微笑，側(cè)重于無聲。grin:

指露齒而笑。beam:

書面用詞，指因心情舒暢而發(fā)出的笑，喜形于色地笑。sneer:

指冷笑、嘲笑。giggle:

指發(fā)出咯咯的笑聲，較多地用于女人或孩子。

Words&Phrases

dodgen.

[C]aquickmovementtoavoidsth.躲閃

e.g.

1.Hemadeasuddendodgeaside.

他迅速閃避到一旁。2.Flandersinsistedhewasnotusinghismedicalconditionasadodgetoavoidtestifying.

弗蘭達堅稱他沒有利用自己的病情為借口躲避作證。

Seealso:dodgeball.Words&Phrases

dodgeballn.[C]

agameplayedbychildrenstandinginacircleusingalargerubberballthatonechildthrowsatanother,whotriestoavoidbeinghit躲球游戲（兒童玩的游戲，在一個圈中盡量躲開別人投過來的皮球）e.g.Let’sgoandplaydodgeball.

我們?nèi)ネ娑闱蛴螒虬?。Seealso:dodge.Words&Phrasesdelln.[C]

(literary)

asmallvalley小山谷e.g.1.

It’sabeautifulquietdell.

這是一個美麗寂靜的山谷。2.Thedriverbrokethesilence,bycallingattentiontothelushgreenvalleysandwoodeddells.駕駛員打破沉默，讓大家看繁茂青蔥的山谷和樹木茂盛的小溪谷。Words&Phrasesoutlawn.[C]

acriminal,especiallyonewhomovesfromplacetoplacetoavoidbeingcaught不法之徒；（尤指）逃犯e.g.1.

RobinHood,anEnglisharcherandoutlaw,stolefromtherichtogivetothepoor.羅賓遜是英國的弓箭手兼逃犯，他劫富濟貧。2.Thelandscapeinthisphotographwasfamiliartotheoutlaw.這張照片中的環(huán)境對這個歹徒來說是相當熟悉的。Words&Phraseswindya.

1)

usingalotoflongwordstotrytoimpresspeoplebutnotreallysayingverymuch浮夸的；夸夸其談的e.g.Iamnotimpressedbythepolitician’swindytalk.政治家的夸夸其談沒有給我留下什么印象。2)withalotofwind

刮大風(fēng)的；多風(fēng)的e.g.Afeatherfloatsaboutontheair,especiallyonawindyday.

羽毛會在空中四處飄動，尤其是在多風(fēng)的天氣。Wordfamily:wind

n.

Words&Phrasessuperiorityn.[U]

thefactthatonepersonorthingisbetter,morepowerfuletc.thananother優(yōu)秀；優(yōu)良；優(yōu)越e.g.Theintellectualsuperiorityofhumanoverotheranimalsisquiteclear.

人類與動物相比，智力上的優(yōu)勢是顯而易見的。Wordfamily:superior

a.

e.g.Theindividualaskingthequestionsisunderstoodtobeinapositionsuperiortotheindividualbeingasked.

人們通常認為，和被提問的人相比，提問的人更優(yōu)越。

Antonym:inferior

a.

inferiority

n.

Words&Phrasesstand-inn.[C]

someoneorsomethingthattakestheplaceofanotherpersonorthingforashorttime,especiallyinordertodotheirjobwhiletheyarenotavailable(某人或某物的)臨時代替者e.g.1.Thestarhadastand-infordangerousscenes.這個明星有一個替身來應(yīng)付危險場景。2.Gilbertfailedtofindastand-inandsocouldnotgototheparty.

吉爾伯特找不到代替他的人，也就去不了聚會了。Words&Phrasesvillainn.[C]

themainbadcharacterinastory,play,filmetc.（故事、戲劇、電影等中的）反派角色，反面人物e.g.1.

Attheendofthestory,thevillainiscaughtandpunished.

故事結(jié)束的時候，那個反派角色被逮住并且受到了懲罰。2.

Finallysheaskswhetherinallhisstoriesshehasbeen,nottheheroine,butthevillain.

最后，她問是否在他的所有故事里，她都是反面角色，而不是正派角色。Words&Phrasessallowa.apaleyellowcolouranddoesnotlookhealthy（皮膚）灰黃色的，土色的e.g.1.

Sheisillwithasallowface.

她病了，面色發(fā)黃。2.

Hewasfollowedbyasallow,thinlawyer.

跟在他后面的是個面色灰黃、瘦弱的律師。Words&Phrasestag

vt.

1)touchanotherplayerinsomechildren’sgames（在一些兒童游戲中）碰觸而抓獲（游戲者）e.g.Jeterwastaggedoutbetweensecondandthirdbase.基特在第一和第二壘之間就被碰觸出局了。

2)fixasmallpieceofpaperorothermaterialtosth.togiveinformationaboutit

給……加標簽e.g.Everyitemistaggedwithanumberthatidentifiesit.每件物品都有數(shù)字標簽加以辨別。

Words&Phrases

prompt

vt.

1)encouragesomeonetospeakorcontinuespeaking鼓勵（某人說話或繼續(xù)說下去）e.g.Thespeakerwasratherhesitantandhadtobefrequentlypromptedbythechairman.那個發(fā)言人講話結(jié)結(jié)巴巴的，經(jīng)常得由主席來鼓勵。2)(mainlyjournalism)causesth.tohappenorbedone

導(dǎo)致；促使；促發(fā)e.g.NewsofthescandalpromptedaSenateinvestigation.有關(guān)丑聞的消息促使參議院進行調(diào)查。Words&Phrases

torturen.[C]

extremephysicalpaincausedbysomeoneorsomething,especiallyasapunishmentorasawaytomakesomeonesaysomething拷打；拷問；酷刑逼供e.g.1.

Theconfessionwasmadeundertorture.

屈打成招。2.

Theuseoftorturemustdisgustanycivilizedperson.施用酷刑必為文明社會的人所不齒。Words&Phrasesgrasshoppern.[C]

alargeinsectwithlongbacklegsthatmovesbyjumpingandmakesshorthighsounds螞蚱；蝗蟲；蚱蜢e.g.

1.

Grasshoppershavelong,powerfulhindlegsadaptedforjumping.

蝗蟲有適于跳躍的長的、強有力的后腿。2.Agrasshopperattheendofautumn–itsjumpingdaysarenumbered.

秋后的螞蚱，日子長不了。

Words&Phrasesbonbonn.[C]

candies

糖果e.g.

Helikestoeatbonbonsverymuch.

他非常喜歡吃糖果。Words&Phraseshelplessa.[C]

notabletodoanythingwithouthelp無助的；無奈的e.g.1.

Helookedhelplesssittingthereallalone.

他坐在那兒顯得孤單無助。2.

ThepeoplefelthelplessastheywatchedMotherNatureshowherpower.看著老天爺發(fā)威，人們束手無策。Wordfamily：helpful

a.helplessnessn.Words&Phrasesdraftvt.(AmE)(oftenpassive)conscriptsomeoneintothearmedforces征召（某人）入伍e.g.1.

Mydadwassixteenwhenhegotdraftedintothearmy.

我爸被征入伍的時候才16歲。2.

Hundredsofyoungmeninthevillageweredraftedintothearmy.

農(nóng)村的許多年輕人被征召入伍。Words&Phrasesresemblancen.[C,U]

ifthereisaresemblancebetweentwopeopleorthings,theyaresimilar,especiallyintheirappearance

（尤指外表的）相似，類似e.g.1.

TheboybearsastrikingresemblancetoJim.Aretheytwins?這男孩與吉姆極其相像，他們是雙胞胎嗎?2.Marcushasagreatresemblancetohisfather.

馬卡斯長得跟他父親一模一樣。Seealso:beara…resemblancetosb.

Words&Phrasesincognitoad.usingafalsename,orchangingyourappearancesothatyouwillnotberecognized

隱名埋姓地；使用化名地e.g.1.Hedidn'twanttoberecognized,sohetravelledincognito.他不想被人認出，所以出行時隱瞞了身份。2.Theprincetravelledincognitotoavoidcrowdsandceremonies.王子微服旅行以避開人群及歡迎儀式。Words&Phraseslikenessn.[C,U]

thequalityofbeingsimilartosomeoneorsomethingelse

相像；相似e.g.1.Hismannerismsbearastronglikenesstothoseofhisfather.他的舉止極像他父親。2.Afamilylikenesscanbeseenamongalltheboyswithalongcurvednoseineveryface.這家男孩們長得很像，都長著長長的彎勾鼻。Words&Phrasescarameln.[C,U]

asweetmadefromsugar,butter,andmilk卡拉梅爾奶糖；焦糖e.g.Fatherboughtmeagateaufrostedwithcaramelonmybirthday.我生日那天，父親給我買了一個撒了糖霜的奶油蛋糕。

Words&Phrasesnapkinn.[C]

apieceofclothorpaperusedforprotectingyourclothesandwipingyourmouthandhandswhileyouareeating餐巾；餐巾紙e.g.Floraputhernapkinonthetableandlefttheroom.芙羅拉把餐巾放在桌上就離開房間了。

Words&Phrasesdriftoff:starttosleep

開始入睡e.g.Iwasjustdriftingoffwhenthephonerang.我正要睡著，電話鈴響了。Seealso:drift.

Words&Phrasessetback:(oftenpassive)

placeorsituate(ahouseetc.)somedistancefromthestreetetc.

使（房屋等）離開馬路等一段距離；（使建筑物等）位于不突出處e.g.1.Thehouse