人教版英語選修八第一單元集體備課

人教版英語選修八第一單元集體備課人教版英語選修八第一單元集體備課人教版英語選修八第一單元集體備課xxx公司人教版英語選修八第一單元集體備課文件編號：文件日期：修訂次數(shù)：第1.0次更改批準(zhǔn)審核制定方案設(shè)計，管理制度Unit1alandofdiversity教材分詞與重組本單元的主題是：一個地區(qū)的文化多元現(xiàn)象。通過兩篇課文，一篇是reading部分的California,重點介紹加利福尼亞的移民歷史；一篇是readingandwriting部分的George’sdiary,重點展示了George眼中的加利福尼亞，進而向我們展示加利福尼亞州的文化多元現(xiàn)象。從而我們可以以加利福尼亞為例，通過想象與推理了解文化多元(multicultural)現(xiàn)象。本單元的語法為：名詞性從句，是對這個語法模塊的復(fù)習(xí)與升華。Period1:warming-upandreading用一副美國地圖啟發(fā)學(xué)生運用已有知識，以看圖填充的形式引導(dǎo)學(xué)生對美國整個地理位置有個大致的全面認(rèn)識。并讓學(xué)生看“閱讀”部分的圖，敘述加州的土著人，引發(fā)學(xué)生對加利福尼亞的興趣。了解加利福尼亞的移民歷史Period2:languagepointsandexerciseaboutthereading通過靈活多樣的練習(xí)促使學(xué)生進一步對文章進行理解，并學(xué)習(xí)掌握遇到的新表達。Period3:grammar復(fù)習(xí)名詞性從句作主語、賓語和表語Period4：writingWriteaessayaboutacity,provinceorzoneinChina.重組原因：根據(jù)一周的課時量及學(xué)生基礎(chǔ)，本單對readingandwriting部分只作簡單處理。Period1Warmingup&ReadingI.TeachingAims;Knowledgegoals:1.HelpstudentstolearnabouttheknowledgeofUSAespeciallyCalifornia.Abilitygoals:2.DevelopSs’readingabilitybyskimming,scanningandcarefulreading.EmotionGoals3.ArouseSs’interestinscience.II.TeachingImportantPointsLearnthehugediversityofracesandculturesinCalifornia.III.TeachingDifficultPointsEncouragethestudentstodiscussthequestioninpage3Ex3andmakeasummaryofthepassage.IV.TeachingAidsThemultimediaandothernormalteachingtoolsV.TeachingProcedures:TeachingproceduresStep1Warmingup.AskthestudentstodiscussIfyouwanttolearnsomethingaboutacountry,astate,etc,whatwewanttoknow.SizeLocationCapitalPopulationLanguageHistorygeographyCustomscultureclimate,agricultureindustry,educationmedicalcare……2.AquizaboutthegeneralknowledgeoftheUSA(inthePPT-reading)Groupwork:lookatthemapoftheUSAwithyourgroup.Writeonthemapthenamesofasmanyofthefollowingasyoucan.Compareyournameswithothergroups.Oceanonthewestcoast:PacificOceanCountrytothenorthofUSA:CanadaCountrytothesouthofUSA:MexicoMountainrangeinthewest:RockyMountainsGreatLakes:Superior,Michigan,Huron,ErieandOntarioLongestriverintheUSA:MississSomeimportantcities:NewYork,WashingtonDC,LosAngeles,SanFrancisco,Chicago,NewOrleansStep2Pre-readingAskthestudentstotellthingsaboutCaliforniaincludingitslocation,size,population,economy,historyetc.WhatdoyoulearnaboutCalifornia

Step3FastreadingReadthroughthepassageandgetthemainidea.1.What’sthetopicofthistext?A.thecultureofCaliforniaB.thehistoryofCaliforniaC.theweatherofCaliforniaD.thehistoryofUSA2.WhichstateintheUSAhasthelargestPopulation?California(over30millionpeople)3.HowmanykindsofpeoplearementionedinthistextStep4DetailreadingNativeAmericans:Answerthefollowingquestions1.Time:15000yearsago2.Wheredidtheycomefrom:fromAsiantoAlaska3.Whathappenedinthesixteenthcentury?NativeAmericanswerekilledbyEuropeanwereforcedintoslaverydiedfromthediseasesurvivedtheterribletimesTheSpanishFillintheform:notedownanimportantevent16thcenturySpainsoldiersarrivedandtooktheirland18thcenturyCaliforniawasruledbySpainIn1821CaliforniabecamepartofMexicoin1846MexicogaveCaliforniatotheUnitedStatesRussians&GoldMinersDosomeTorFquestions:1.Intheearly1800s,RussianfurtrappersbegansettlinginCalifornia.T2.In1848,beforetheAmerican-Mexicanwar,goldwasdiscoveredinCalifornia.F3.Alotofadventuresachievedtheirdreamofbecomingrich.F4.Californiabecomethethirty-firststateoftheUnitedstatesofAmericanin1850.TFillingtheblacksStagePeople TimeEventLaterarrivalsAfricans

1800sMovedfromMexicoChinese

1860sBuildtherailwayJapanese

Early1900sFarmedDenmark

1911EstablishedatownJewish

By1920DevelopedindustryItalians

Late1900sFishedandmadewineAfricans1942-1945Workedinship&aircraftindustriesStep5AfterreadingWhyisCaliforniainthe21stcenturysuchamulticulturalcommunity

(Using3or4sentencestoexplain.)

ThestateofCaliforniaisamulticulturalcommunitybecauseEuropean,AfricanandAsianpeoplehavebeenimmigratingtothestateforthelast200years.Beforetheirarrival,nativeAmericanpeoplehadlivedthereforthousandsofyears.PeoplefromallovertheworldarestillcomingtosettleinCaliforniabecauseofitsgoodclimateandthelifestyleitoffers.Step6HomeworkFinish“Learningaboutlanguage”onpage4.Period2LanguagePointsTeachingaims1．Tolearntheusefulexpressionsandsentencestructuresinthereading.2．Toenablestudentstouselanguagepointsbothorallyandinwrittenforms.3．Tofurthergetstudentsinspired.Difficultpoints:Somekeywordsoftenusedintheexams.Importantpoints:Howtousethewordsandsomeimportantrulesrelatedtothenewwords.Teachingsteps:Step1Learningfollowingwordsandphrasesinreadingtext.1.distinctionn.差別；區(qū)分；卓著常用結(jié)構(gòu)：makeadistinctionbetween對……加以區(qū)分winadistinctionfor因……而獲功勛withoutdistinction無差別地；一視同仁地distinctadj.清晰的；明顯的；明確的bedistinctfrom...與……不同（的）Hehasadistinctgiftfordrawing.他有很明顯的繪畫天賦。Youshouldmakeyourwritingdistinct.你應(yīng)該把字寫清楚。Mozart’sstyleisquitedistinctfromHaydn’s.2.meansn.手段；方法（單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)形式相同）常用結(jié)構(gòu)：bymeansof用……辦法；借助……byallmeans一定，務(wù)必；好的，當(dāng)然可以bynomeans決不，一點也不（位于句首時，句子用部分倒裝）byeverymeans用盡一切可能的辦法means/way/methodmeans指“方法、方式、工具”，著重于具體的手段（單復(fù)數(shù)形式相同）。way指“一般的方法、方式或個人的特殊方法、方式”，與技巧或效果的好壞無關(guān)。method指“有系統(tǒng)的、有效率的精心擬定的方法”，也可以指抽象概念“條理”。awaytodosth.／awayofdoingsth./amethodofdoingsth.做……的方法inthisway/withthemethod/bythismeans用這種／些方法means作主語且有every,each等詞修飾時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)；有some,several,many,few等詞修飾時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。Everymeanshasbeentried.每種方法都試過了。Allmeanshavebeentried.所有方法都試過了。3.majorityn.大多數(shù)；大半A/Themajorityofdoctorsagreethatsmokingisextremelyharmfultohealth.大多數(shù)醫(yī)生認(rèn)為吸煙對健康極為有害。Themajoritywas/wereinfavouroftheproposal.多數(shù)人贊成這個建議。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：beinthe/amajority構(gòu)成大部分/大多數(shù)amajorityoversb.超過對方的票數(shù)with/byamajority以多數(shù)，大半majoradj.&n.較大的；主要的；主修，專攻minorityadj.&n.少數(shù)；少數(shù)民族；（與majority互為反義詞）4.electvt.選擇；決定做某事；選舉某人electtodo選擇或決…electsb.(tobe/as)+n.選某人當(dāng)electsb.todosth.選某人做某事electionn.選舉5.occurvi.發(fā)生；存在；出現(xiàn)常用結(jié)構(gòu)：occurto(主意或想法突然)浮現(xiàn)于腦中;被想起，被想到itoccurstosb.todosth.使某人想到做某事itoccurstosb.that...某人想到……Justthenanideaoccurredtome.就在那時我想起了一個主意。ItsuddenlyoccurredtomethatIhadleftmyumbrellaupstairs.我突然想到我把傘忘在樓上了。happen/occur/takeplacehappen是一般用語，尤其指偶然發(fā)生，表示“碰巧、恰好”的意思。Occur發(fā)生、突然想起，相當(dāng)于happen，也可以表示某種想法出現(xiàn)在人的頭腦中。takeplace指事先計劃或預(yù)料到的“發(fā)生”，非偶然的發(fā)生。此外還有“舉行”的意思。breakout發(fā)生、爆發(fā)常指戰(zhàn)爭、災(zāi)難、疾病等事件的發(fā)生。Newthingsarehappeningallaroundus.新事物在我們周圍不斷發(fā)生。Theexplosionoccurredat5:30a.m.爆炸發(fā)生在早上5點30分。Whenwillthebasketballgametakeplace?6.indicatevt.指出；標(biāo)示；表明；暗示Iaskedhimwheremysisterwasandheindicatedtheshopopposite.我問他我姐姐在哪，他指了指對面的商店。Researchindicatesthatmenfinditeasiertogiveupsmokingthanwomen.研究顯示男人比女人更容易戒煙。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：indicatesth.(tosb.)向（某人）表示某事；把……指給（某人）看indicatethat...表示……；示意……indicationn.指出；表明indicativeadj.指示的；暗示的7.hirevt.&n.租用；雇用(employ)hiresb.todosth.雇傭某人做某事hireout出租,租出去Theyhireoutboatsbythehourhire指“臨時或一次性雇傭”；employ指“長時間雇傭”。重點短語1.liveon繼續(xù)存在；繼續(xù)生存liveonsth.以某物為食；靠某種經(jīng)濟來源生活livebydoingsth.靠做某事為生liveforsth.以某事物為生活目標(biāo)livethroughsth.經(jīng)歷某事物而幸存liveuptosth.依照某事物行事；表現(xiàn)出符合某事物的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)livewithsth.接受或容忍某現(xiàn)象livetobe...=livetotheageof...活到……歲livea...life過著……的生活2.teamupwith（與某人）一起工作（尤指為共同目標(biāo)）；與……合作Thetwocompanieshaveteameduptodevelopanewracingcar.那兩個公司已合作研制新型賽車。3.markout劃線；標(biāo)出……的界線marksb.outforsth.選出/選定某人做某事markdown寫下，記下；降低……的價格markup標(biāo)出；提高……的價格markin加畫；繪入markoutfor看中；選定Justamoment.Letmemarkdownyournameandaddress.等一下，讓我把你的姓名和地址記下來。Someshopsmarkedupthegoodsunfairly.有幾家商店的貨價提高得不合理。Hemarkedthebookdownto49cents.他把書的標(biāo)價降為49分。4.takein包括；吸收；接納；欺騙takeapart拆開；剖析，抨擊(論點等) takedown拿下，取下；拆卸；記下takeback取回，帶回；收回說過的話；使……回憶起昔日takecareof照料；保管takeup開始從事；占用(時間或空間)；著手處理takemedicine服藥takeiteasy別緊張，慢慢來 takeover繼承；接收，接管takeoff脫下(衣服等)；起飛takeon承擔(dān)，從事；呈現(xiàn)takeonesplace入座；代替某人的位置takeonestime不急，慢慢干：5.keepup保持；堅持；維持；沿襲（風(fēng)俗、傳統(tǒng)等）keepupwith跟上Keepondoing繼續(xù)、反復(fù)做某事keepback;抑制或阻止感情等的流露，隱瞞、拒絕告知某事keep…..from…..忍住不做某事keepout;使不進入、防止進入keepoutof;避免某事，不受…的影響keepoff使遠離、不接觸某人某事keepintouchwith與…保持聯(lián)系keeptosth堅持、不違背（諾言、計劃等）keepawayfrom躲開、避開Step2UsingwordsandphrasesDoExercises1,2and3onPage4inLearningaboutLanguage.Step3ConsolidationAskstudentstoretellthetextafterlearningtheusefulwordsandphrases.Step4HomeworkGoovertheusefulwordsandphrasesinthetext.Period3GrammarI.TeachingAims:Knowledgegoals:1.Learngrammar:NounClause（SubjectCause、ObjectCause）Abilitygoals:2.EnableSstouseNounClauseEmotionGoals:3.ArousetheSs’interestinlearningEnglishgrammar.II.TeachingImportant&DifficultPoints:HowtouseNounClausecorrectlyIII.TeachingmethodsDiscussing,explaining,andpracticingandsoon.IV.TeachingAidsThemultimediaandothernormalteachingtoolsV.TeachingProcedures:Step1Lead-inCompletethesentenceswiththeproperwordsgiveninthebrackets.（that\what\whether\how\why）Step2.Presentation名詞性從句的定義、分類、及連接詞1、定義：在句子中起名詞作用的句子叫名詞性從句（NounClause）名詞、性從句包。引導(dǎo)的連詞有：名詞性從句2、分類根據(jù)它在句子中不同的語法功能，名詞性從句分為主語從句（SubjectCause）、表語從句(PredictiveCause、賓語從句(ObjectCause)和同位語從句（AppositiveCause）。3、連接詞連接詞詞義功能that無詞義不作成分，只起連接作用whether/if是否不作成分，起連接作用what,which什么，哪個作主語、賓語、表語who,whom,whose誰，誰的作主語、賓語、定語when,where,how,why什么時候/地方，怎么樣，為什么作狀語howmany/much多少作定語howsoon/often/long/much多久，多久一次，多長，多么作狀語詞義及功能同疑問詞whatever=anythingthat無論什么作主語、賓語、表語、定語whosever=anyonewhose無論誰的作主語、賓語、定語、表語whichever=anythingthat無論哪個作賓語、定語、主語、表語whoever=anyonewho無論誰作主語whomever=anyonewhom無論誰作賓語Step3.exercise一、判斷下列各句哪句含有名詞性從句，并指出是什么從句：1.Chinaisnolongerwhatitusedtobe.2.Thetruththattheearthturnaroundthesunisknowntoall.3.Itwassnowingwhenhearrivedatthestation.4.Howhepersuadedthemanagertochangetheplanisinterestingtousall.5.Thenewsthattheyhadwonthegamesoonspreadoverthewholeschool.6.Thenewsthatyoutoldmeyesterdaywasreallydisappointing.7.ThatiswhereLuXunusedtolive.8.Hespokeasifheunderstoodwhathewastalkingabout.9.DoyouremembertheteacherwhotaughtusEnglishatmiddleschool?10.Iwonderwhysherefusedmyinvitation.二、用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞填空：1.Ican’tdecide____________dictionaryIshouldbuy.2.That’s____________herefusedmyinvitation.3.Iamveryinterestedin____________hehasimprovedhispronunciationinsuchashorttime.4.____________weneedismoretime.5.Thefact____________shehadnotsaidanythingatthemeetingsurprisedeverybody.6.____________and____________theywillmeethasnotbeendecidedyet.7.Pleasetellme____________youarewaitingfor.8.Isthat____________youarelookingfor?9.Wouldyoupleasetellme____________thenearestpostofficeis?10.Idon’tknow____________hewillagreetotheplanornot.三、選擇填空：1.Doyousee_____Imean?A.that B./ C.how D.what2.Tellme_____isonyourmind.A.that B.what C.whichD.why3.Wemuststickto_____wehaveagreedon.A.what B.that C./ D.how4.Letmesee_____.A.thatcanIrepairtheradio B.whether-IcanrepairtheradioC.Icanrepairtheradio D.whethercanIrepairtheradio5.Keepinmind_____.A.thattheteachersaid B.whatdidtheteachersayC.thatdidtheteachersay D.whattheteachersaid6.Couldyouadviseme_____A.whichbookshouldIreadfirst B.whatbookshouldIreadfirstC.thatbook1shouldreadfirst D.whichbookIshouldreadfirst7.Hewascriticizedfor_____.A.hehaddoneit B.whathehaddone C.whathadhedone D.thathehaddoneit8.Wouldyoukindlytellme_____A.howcanIgettotheBeijingRailwayStation B.howIcangettotheBeijingRailwayStationC.wherecanIgettotheBeijingRailwayStationD.whethercanIgettotheBeijingRailwayStation9.Mrs.Smithwasverymuchimpressedby_____.A.whathadsheseeninChina B.thatshehadseeninChinaC.whatshehadseeninChina D.whichhadsheseeninChina10.Wetookitforgranted___A.thattheywerenotcoming B.thatweretheynotcomingC.theywerecomingnot D.weretheynotcoining11.Ireallydon'tknow_____A.Ishoulddonext B.whatshouldIdonextC.whatIshoulddonext D.howIshoulddonext12.I'mafraid_____.A.thelittlegirlwillhavetobeoperatedonB.thatwillthelittlegirlhavetooperateonC.thelittlegirlwillhavetooperateonD.thatwillthelittlegirlhavetobeoperatedon13.Shewalkedupto_____.A.wheredidIstand B.whereIstood C.Istoodthere D.whereIstoodthere14.Canyoutellme_____A.whoisthatgentleman B.thatgentlemaniswhoC.whothatgentlemenanis D.whom.isthatgentleman15.We'llgiveyou_____.A.thatdoyouneed B.whatdoyouneedC.whateveryouneed D.whetherdoyouneed16.Theywantustoknow_____tohelpus.A.whatcantheyB.whattheycan C.howtheycanD.howcanthey17.Wemustput_____intopractice.A.whatwehavelearned B.thatwehavelearnedC.thathavewelearned D.whathavewelearned18.Didshesayanythingabout_____A.thattheworkwastobedone B.howwastheworktobedoneC.thatwastheworktobedone D.howtheworkwastobedone19.Hewasneversatisfiedwith_____.A.whatshehadachieved B.hadwhatsheachievedC.shehadachieved D.thatsheachieved20.Thesephotographswillshowyou_____.A.whatdoesourvillagelooklike B.whatourvillagelookslikeC.howdoesourvillagelooklike D.howourvillagelookslike名詞性從句一、1、表語從句；2、同位語從句；3、不是；4、主語從句；5、同位語從句；6、不是；7、表語從句；8、賓語從句；9、不是；10、賓語從句二、1.which;2.why;3.how;4.What;5.that;6.when,where;7.who(m);8.what;9.where;10.whether三、1~5DBABD6~10DBBCA11~15CABCC16~20BADAB◆精編陷阱題訓(xùn)練◆

1.Theylosttheirwayintheforest,and_______mademattersworsewasthatnightbegantofall.

A.it

B.which

C.that

D.what

2.Patienceisakindofquality—andthatis___A___ittakestodoanythingwell.

A.what

B.which

C.which

D.how

3.Ithascometomynotice_______someofyouhavemissedclasses.

A.what

B.which

C.that

D.when

4.“Whatwereyoutryingtoprovetothepolice”

“___Iwaslastnight.”

A.That

B.When

C.Where

D.What

5.Countrylifegiveshimpeaceandquiet,whichis______hecan’tenjoywhilelivinginbigcities.

A.that

B.why

C.where

D.what

6.Itisprettywellunderstood_______controlstheflowofcarbondioxideinandouttheatmospheretoday.

A.that

B.when

C.what

D.how

7._______shecouldn’tunderstandwas______fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.

A.What;why

B.That;what

C.What;because

D.Why;that

8._______wearedoinghasneverbeendonebefore.

A.That

B.What

C.Which

D.Whether

9.Peoplehaveheard_______thePresidenthassaid;theyarewaitingtosee_______hewilldo.

A.how,how

B.what,what

C.when,how

D.that,what

10.Whenyouanswerquestionsinajobinterview,pleaserememberthegoldenrule：Alwaysgivethemonkeyexactly_______hewants.

A.what

B.which

C.when

D.that11.ThesewildflowersaresospecialIwoulddo_______Icantosavethem.

A.whatever

B.that

C.which

D.whichever

12._______shewasinvitedtotheballmadeherveryhappy.

A.What

B.That

C.When

D.Because

13.Eat______cakeyoulikeandleavetheothersfor______comesinlate.

A.any,whoB.every,whoever

C.whichever,whoeverD.either,whoever

14.Ihadneitheraraincoatnoranumbrella._______Igotwetthrough.

A.It’sthereasonB.That’swhy

C.There’swhyD.That’sbecause

15.____hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.

A.WhoB.Theone

C.Anyone

D.Whoever

16._______medicineworksinahumanbodyisaquestion_______noteveryonecanunderstandfully.

A.How;thatB.That;whichC.That;whichD.What;that

◆答案與解析◆

1.D2.A3.C4.C5.D6.C7.A8.B9.B10.A11.A12.B13.C14.B15.D16.APeriod4writingTeachinggoalsHelptheSslearnhowtoDescriptionofaplaceTeachingimportantanddifficultpointsHelptheSstomastertheusefulexpressionsandlearntousethemtoDescriptionofaplaceEmotiongoals:arousetheirinterestinwritingTeachingmethodsDiscussing,guidedwritingandspeaking.Teachingaids:themultimediaandlearning-paperTeachingprocedures&waysI.寫作注意事項1．選擇合適的視角和最佳的描寫順序。2．選擇最主要的細節(jié)，著力描寫突出的特征。3.使用具體細節(jié)詞，描寫多種感官印象，力圖使讀者有身臨其境的感覺。II.文章結(jié)構(gòu)：1.開頭：簡要說明你要描寫的地方或建筑等2.主體：細節(jié)描寫3.結(jié)尾：對此地的感覺、感想及推薦III.地點描寫常用表達：一、地理位置①besituated／locatedin/on/to②be/liein/on/to+方向③be/lieoff+地點，常為海岸等(常指水中島嶼等，意“相隔、相離”)④lie/beontheriver/coastof…(在…河畔或海濱)⑤Therestands(使屹立)…⑥besurroundedby/with…e.g.GuangdongliesonthesouthofHuman.ManyislandslieoffChina'seastcoast.LondonliesontheRiverThames.Therestandsanoldtempleonthetopofthemountain.Thecityissurroundedbysuburbs.二、占地面積①某地+coversanareaof...某地占地…面積。②某地+takesup+...③某地+is+數(shù)詞+longand+數(shù)詞+wide.某地多長多寬。Thesmalltowncoversanareaof5squaremiles.Xingjiangtakesupaboutone-sixthofourterritory.Thegardenis30metreslongand20metreswide.常用度量單位：inch英寸，foot英尺,mile英里，millimetre毫米，centimetre厘米,metre米,kilometers公里,squaremetres平方米,squarekilometres平方公里。三、人口狀況①某地+hasalarge/smallpopulation.②某地+hasapopulationof+數(shù)詞。③Thepopulationof+地名+is+數(shù)詞。④數(shù)詞+percentofthepopulationare...。Thiscityhasapopulationofmorethan1,000,000.Theruralpopulationofthecountyis400,000.Eightypercentofthepopulationherearefarmers.四、歷史背景①某地+hasalonghistoryof...years.②某地+isa...place/countrywith...history.某地是具有…年歷史的地方/國家。③某地+datesbackto/datefrom...回溯到…,遠在…年代。Theoldtowerhasalonghistoryof2000years.EgyptisanArabiancountrywithalonghistory.Theoldtowndatesbacktothelateseventeenthcentury.五、自然特點①某地+becoveredwith+某地為……所覆蓋。②某地+bemadeupof/consistsof…某地由…組成。如：ThisareaiscoveredwithgrasslandSichuan(二)常用詞語：continent大陸,mainland大陸，mountain山,plain平原，grassland草原,desert沙漠，forest森林，valley山谷地，island島，ocean大洋，peak山頂,巔，slope山坡，hill小山，rock巖石，bank河岸，stream小溪，source源頭，spring泉水，canal運河，lake湖泊，pond池塘，basin盆地，coast海岸，gulf海灣，beach海灘，shore海灘，tide潮，wave浪