什么是人際關(guān)系和人際溝通課件

Chapter6RoleRelationshipPatterns

1Chapter61whatkindsofoutline

arethemostimportantinthechapter?RoleRelationshipPatterns2whatkindsofoutlineareRoBasicConceptsDefinitionsRelatedTerms

PersonalInterpretationsofRoleSocietalInterpretationsRoleEffectsofAlterationinRolePerformanceonOthersOUTLINEp.108RoleRelationshipPatterns3BasicConceptsOUTLINEp.108RolApplications

ProfessionalNurseRoleTypesofProfessionalRoles

RoleSocializationRoleStressSelf-awarenessintheProfessionalRoleOUTLINEp.108RoleRelationshipPatterns4ApplicationsOUTLINEp.108Role4ClientRolePatient'sBillofRightsRolePerformanceasaNursingDiagnosisSupportiveInterventionsDevelopingNewSolutionsSummary

OUTLINEp.108RoleRelationshipPatterns5ClientRoleOUTLINEp.108RoWhataretheobjectives

oflearningorstudyinginourlesson?RoleRelationshipPatterns6WhataretheobjectivesRole6Attheendofthechapter,thestudentwillbeableto1.Defineroleandroleperformance2.Describethefourcomponentsofprofessionalrolesocialization3.Discusstheprofessionalrolesofthenurse4.Discussthecharacteristicsofthesickrole

Objectivesp.108RoleRelationshipPatterns7Attheendofthechapter,theRoleRelationshipPatternsObjectiveOne:Defineroleandroleperformance8RoleObjectiveOne:8

Whatisrole?A

role

isdefinedasasetofexpectedbehavioralstandardsestablishedbythesocietyorcommunitytowhichapersonbelongs(Creasia,1991).

Definitionsp.109-110RoleRelationshipPatterns9Whatisrol

Whatisrolerelationship?Rolerelationshipsinfluencecommunicationcontentandprocess.Consideryourown"role”asanursingstudentandhowitinfluencescommunicationcontentandprocess.

Definitionsp.109-110RoleRelationshipPatterns10Whatisrolerelation

什么是人際關(guān)系和人際溝通？人際關(guān)系——人際關(guān)系是人們通過(guò)交流與相互作用而形成的比較穩(wěn)定的心理關(guān)系，反映著個(gè)體或群體滿足其社會(huì)需要的心理狀態(tài)，其發(fā)展變化取決于雙方社會(huì)需要的滿足程度。人際關(guān)系外延很廣，包括朋友關(guān)系、夫妻關(guān)系、師生關(guān)系、同學(xué)關(guān)系、同事關(guān)系等。內(nèi)涵是個(gè)體之間的心理上的關(guān)系，表現(xiàn)為親近或疏遠(yuǎn)、敵對(duì)或友好等心理上的距離。p.310RoleRelationshipPatterns11什么是人際關(guān)系和人際溝通？人際關(guān)系——人

什么是人際關(guān)系和人際溝通？人際溝通——人際溝通是指人際間的信息交流。可以是面對(duì)面的，也可以是非面對(duì)面的，可以是語(yǔ)言的，也可以是非語(yǔ)言的，旨在傳達(dá)思想、交換意見(jiàn)、表達(dá)感情和需要等。它包括關(guān)系溝通與內(nèi)容溝通，即每個(gè)溝通都包含著一定的內(nèi)容和確定一定的關(guān)系。內(nèi)容是指溝通中所傳信息的實(shí)質(zhì)含義，關(guān)系是指溝通各方在溝通中所處的地位和聯(lián)系方式。p.303p.310RoleRelationshipPatterns12什么是人際關(guān)系和人際溝通？人際溝通——人際溝通是你能舉例說(shuō)明人際關(guān)系溝通和內(nèi)容溝通之間的聯(lián)系嗎？護(hù)士：“昨晚我給xx（患者）的藥為什么沒(méi)吃？護(hù)患關(guān)系內(nèi)容溝通效果很熟悉成功一般有心理距離但可能成功緊張很難有效，患者家屬可能說(shuō)“我怎么知道？……沒(méi)吃藥到底是誰(shuí)的責(zé)任?！盧oleRelationshipPatterns13你能舉例說(shuō)明人際關(guān)系溝通和內(nèi)容溝通之間的聯(lián)系嗎？護(hù)士：“昨晚Whatisroleperformance?

Roleperformance

referstoaperson'scapacitytofunctioninaccordwithsocialexpectationsofaparticularrole.

Perceptionsofbehavioralstandardsforroleperformancedifferfrombasedoncultural,gender,institutional,andfamilyexpectations;Peoplestillexpectdifferentrolebehaviorsfrommenandwomendespitetremendousadvancesinequalopportunity.

Definitionsp.109-110RoleRelationshipPatterns14Whatisroleperformance?

Roletransitiondescribeschangesinroleexpectationsthatoccurasdevelopmentallifecrisesorwhenunexpectedlifeeventssuchasillnessorinjuryalterrolefunction.Forexample,newmotherexperiencesasignificantroletransitionwiththebirthofherfirstchild,asdoesayoungathletestruckdowninaballgamewithaspinalcordinjury.

Whatisroletransition?

Definitionsp.109-110RoleRelationshipPatterns15Roletransitiondescribesc

Whatisposition?

Positionrepresentsastandardizeddescriptionofaroleandassociatedexpectationsthatmakesitunderstandabletoothersinthecommunityorgroup.

Socialpositionrelatestothestatusandidentitythepersonholdsinthecommunity.Theconceptofposition

sometimesplaysaroleinhowhelpingprofessionalsrespondtoclients:theysometimestreatclientsinhighpositionsdifferentlythanthosewithnomoneyorlowsocialstatus.

Definitionsp.109-110RoleRelationshipPatterns16WhatisWhereasitisimportantforthenursetorecognizedifferencesinpositionasrelevantfactorsinsupportingclientintegrityandself-esteem,nursesneedtoviewallclientsasveryimportantpersons,treatingthemallwiththesamerespectandgivingthemallqualitycareregardlessofposition.

Definitionsp.109-110

Whatisposition?RoleRelationshipPatterns17WhereasitisimportantfoRoleRelationshipPatternsObjectiveTwo:Describethefourcomponentsofprofessionalrolesocialization18RoleObjectiveTwo:18

Unlikeotherformsofeducation,thenursingstudentmustsimultaneously(同時(shí)地)adjusttolearningnewmaterialwhilestartingonthejobtraininginwhichthestakes(風(fēng)險(xiǎn))arehigh.

Cohenidentifiedfourgoalsofprofessionalsocialization(seeBox6-4).

Whichisthefourcomponentsofprofessionalrolesocialization?

ProfessionalNurseRolep.114-115RoleRelationshipPatterns19WhichisthefourcomponentsBox6-4.StepsintheSocializationProcessLearnthetechnologyoftheprofession:thefacts,skills,andtheory.Internalize(使內(nèi)在化)theprofessionalcultureFindapersonallyandprofessionallyacceptable

versionoftherole.Integratethisprofessionalroleintoalltheotherliferoles.RoleRelationshipPatterns20Box6-4.StepsintheSocializa

Box6-4.StepsintheSocializationProcess學(xué)會(huì)專(zhuān)業(yè)技能：專(zhuān)業(yè)法規(guī)、技術(shù)和理論。與專(zhuān)業(yè)文化融為一體。找到就個(gè)人和職業(yè)而言都可接受的角色類(lèi)型。把職業(yè)角色整合到所有其它生活角色中。RoleRelationshipPatterns21

Role21ExerciseLookingatMyDevelopmentasaProfessionalNursePurpose:Tohelpyoufocusonyourself-developmentasaprofessionalnurseRoleRelationshipPatterns22ExerciseLookingatMyDevelExerciseLookingatMyDevelopmentasaProfessionalNurseProcedure:Writethestoryofhowyouchosetobecomeanurseinaone-totwoessay(maybedoneasahomeworkassignment).Therearenorightorwronganswers;thisissimplyyourstory.Youmayusethefollowingasguidesindevelopingyourstory.RoleRelationshipPatterns23ExerciseLookingatMyDevelExerciseLookingatMyDevelopmentasaProfessionalNurseProcedure:Whatareyourreasonsforchoosingnursingasaprofession?Whatfactorsinfluencedyourdecision;people,circumstances,orsituations?Describeyourvisionofyourselfasanurse.Whatfearsdoyouhaveaboutyourabilitytofunctionasaprofessionalnurse?Howdoyouthinkbeinganursewillaffectyourpersonallife?RoleRelationshipPatterns24ExerciseLookingatMyDevelInwhatwaysisyourstorysimilartoordifferentfromthoseofyourclassmates?Asyouwroteyourstory,wereyousurprisedbyanyofthedataorfeelings?RoleRelationshipPatternsDiscussion:25RoleDiscussion:25Studentscandiscusssomeoftherealisticdifficultiesencounteredasnursingstudentsbothprofessionallyandpersonallyandwaystohandlethem.Explorethroughdiscussionthefollowing:ThepracticesnursingstudentswillneedtofollowtoachievetheirvisionThetypesofsupportsnursesneedtofostertheirongoingprofessionaldevelopmentRoleRelationshipPatternsDiscussion:26StudentscandiscRoleRelationshipPatternsObjectiveThree:Discusstheprofessionalrolesofthenurse27RoleObjectiveThree:27WhicharethereProfessionalNursingRoles

P.1161.Caregiver:a.

Providescompleteorpartialcompensatory

careforclientswhocannotprovidetheseself-carefunctionsforthemselvesb.Implementssupportive/educativeactionstopromoteoptimumhealthReinforcesthenatural,developmental,andhealingprocesseswithinapersontoenhancewell-being,comfort,function,andpersonalgrowth

ProfessionalNurseRoleRoleRelationshipPatterns28WhicharethereProfessionalN2.Teacher:a.Provideshealthteachingtoindividualclientsandfamiliesb.Developsandimplementspatienteducationprograms

topromote/maintainhealthfulpracticesandcompliancewithtreatmentrecommendationsc.Guidesindividualsintheirhumanjourneytowardwholenessandwell-beingthrough

psychoeducationWhichareProfessionalNursingRoles

P.116RoleRelationshipPatterns292.Teacher:WhichareProfessi3.Clientadvocate:a.Protectsclient'srighttoself-determinationb.

Motivatesindividualsandfamiliestobecomeinformedactiveparticipantsintheirhealthcarec.

MediatesbetweenclientandothersinthehealthcareenvironmentActsasclient'sagentincoordinatingeffectivehealthcareservicesWhichareProfessionalNursingRoles

P.116RoleRelationshipPatterns303.Clientadvocate:Whichare4.Manager:a.Coordinates

staffandproductivityb.DelegatesdifferentiatedtaskstoappropriatepersonnelFacilitatescommunicationwithinandamongdepartmentsServesoncommitteestoimproveandmaintainqualityofcaree.Makesdecisionsanddirectsrelevantchanges

toensurequalitycareWhichareProfessionalNursingRoles

P.116RoleRelationshipPatterns314.Manager:WhichareProfess5.Evaluator:a.Setsqualityassurance/carestandardsReviewsrecordsandmonitorscompliancewith

standardsc.MakesrecommendationsforimprovementWhichareProfessionalNursingRoles

P.116RoleRelationshipPatterns325.Evaluator:WhichareProfes6.Researcher:

Developsandimplementresearch/grantproposalstobroadenunderstandingofimportantissuesinclinicalpracticeandvalidatenursingtheoriesasabasisforeffectivenursingpracticeWhichareProfessionalNursingRoles

P.116RoleRelationshipPatterns336.Researcher:WhichareProfe7.Consultant:Providesspecializedknowledge/advicetoothersonhealthcareissuesb.Evaluates

programs,curricula,andcomplexclinicaldatac.ServesasexpertwitnessinlegalcasesWhichareProfessionalNursingRoles

P.116RoleRelationshipPatterns347.Consultant:WhichareProfe8.CaseManager:a.Administerscareforacaseloadofclientsb.Coordinatescost-effectivecareoptionsMonitorsclientprogresstowardexpectedbehavioraloutcomesCollaborateswithotherprofessionalstoensurequalitycareacrosshealthcaresettingsWhichareProfessionalNursingRoles

P.116RoleRelationshipPatterns358.CaseManager:WhichareProRoleRelationshipPatternsObjectiveFour:Discussthecharacteristicsofthesickrole

36RoleObjectiveFour:36Fromtheclientperspective,lossoforchangesinnormalroles,rolerelationships,androleperformanceareimportantdimensions(尺度/元)oftheemotionalpainclient’sexperienceinhealthcaresituations.Howwellpeopleareabletoperformtheirroleswithinthefamilyandsocietyinfluencestheirreputationwithinthecommunityandtheirsenseofself-esteem.Whenillnessorinjuryaffectsroleperformance,italsoimpactsrolerelationshipswithothersandself-esteem.HowtounderstandClientrole

,rolerelationships,performanceand

transition?

p.119RoleRelationshipPatterns37Fromtheclientperspective,

Thenursemaybetheonlypersonwhohastheexpertiseandwillingnesstofacilitatediscussionsoftheimplicationsofrolechanges

stemmingfrom(源于)alteredhealthstatusfortheclient

inanobjective,compassionatemanner.

p.119HowtounderstandClientrole

,rolerelationships,performanceand

transition?

RoleRelationshipPatterns38Thenursemaybetheonlyp

Talkingaboutthemeaningofrolechangeisjustasimportantastalkingabouthowtochangeadressingorwhataphysicalsymptommeans.

Lossofrole,changesinroleexpectationsandperformance,rolerelationshipsandroletransitionscanoccurasaresultofage,illness,lossofjoborsignificantperson,injury,andmentaldisorders

HowtounderstandClientrole

,rolerelationships,performanceand

transition?

p.119RoleRelationshipPatterns39TalkingaboutthemeaningoMostpeopledonotassumethesick

role

voluntarily.Illnessortrauma(外傷)canchangeanindividual’ssocialrolefromoneofindependentself-sufficiencytooneofvulnerability(脆弱性)andvaryingdegreesofdependencyonothers,apersonalrolefromoneofindependencetodependence.Whenclientsenterahealthcaresituation,theyencounteraninterpersonalenvironmentthatencouragesthedevelopmentoffeelingsofanonymity(無(wú)名)andhelplessness.HowtounderstandClientrole

,rolerelationships,performanceand

transition?

p.119RoleRelationshipPatterns40MostpeopledonotassumetAtthehospitaldoor,theclientforsakes(放棄)recognizedsocialrolesinthefamily,worksituation,andcommunity,temporarilyorpermanently.Regardlessofhowcompetentthepersonmaybeinotherliferoles,whenillnessstrikes(打擊),questionsaboutroleperformanceinevitablyarise.Oftenclientsmustlearnnewrolebehaviorsthatareunfamiliarandunsettlingtopreviouslyheldself-concepts.HowtounderstandthetransitionofClientrole

,rolerelationships,androleperformance?

RoleRelationshipPatternsp.11941Atthehospitaldoor,thecliAdjustmenttoachangeinhealthcarestatusrequiresawholenewsetofcopingskillswithoutnecessarilyhavingthesamesocialsupports.Clientsclearlyneedthesupportofthenursetoincorporatetherapidlychangingmeaningoftheenvironmentalandpersonalchangesencounteredinillness

into

anotherwisebasicallyhealthyself-concept.HowtounderstandthetransitionofClientrole

,rolerelationships,androleperformance?

RoleRelationshipPatternsp.11942AdjustmenttoachangeinheDifferencesinperspectivesplayamajorpartindeterminingwhichillnessesanddisordersarerecognizedaslegitimate(合理的),theroles

clientsassumeintheirhealthcare,and

whobecomestheculturallyassigned

expert(在...中當(dāng)專(zhuān)家)inpromoting,maintaining,andrestoringhealth.Forexample,someculturesbelievethatillnessispunishmentfromGodoranimbalanceofenergythatinterfereswiththebody'sfunctioning.Theseculturalunderstandingscanaffectrolerelationshipsinhealthcaresettings.HowtounderstandthetransitionofClientrole

,rolerelationships,androleperformance?

RoleRelationshipPatternsp.11943Differencesinperspectivespl

ClientRole

Clientsareexpectedtoactasparticipating,cooperativeagentsintheirrecoveryprocess.However,anAsianclientmayappearasapassiverecipientofhealthcare,strikinglydependentonfamilyandhealthcaregiverforallguidanceandcare.Withoutaclearunderstandingofthisculturallyacceptableexpressionofthesickrole,thenursemayrespondinappropriately.

p.120RoleRelationshipPatterns44ClientRoleClientsareexWhatisaPatient'sBillofRights?p.1211.Thepatienthastherighttoconsiderateandrespectfulcare.

ClientRole

RoleRelationshipPatterns45WhatisaPatient'sBillofWhatisaPatient'sBillofRights?p.1212.Thepatienthastherightto,andisencouragedtoobtainfromphysiciansandotherdirectcaregivers,relevant,current,andunderstandableinformationconcerningdiagnosis,treatment,andprognosis.Exceptinemergencieswhenthepatientlacksdecisionmakingcapacityandtheneedfortreatmentisurgent,thepatientisentitledtotheopportunitytodiscussandrequestinformationrelatedtothespecificproceduresandtreatments,risksinvolved,lengthofrecuperation,andmedicallyreasonablealternativesandtheiraccompanyingrisksandbenefits.

ClientRole

RoleRelationshipPatterns46WhatisaPatient'sBillofWhatisaPatient'sBillofRights?

ClientRole

3.Patientshavetherighttoknowtheidentityofphysicians,nurses,andothersinvolvedintheircare,aswellasthestatusofthecaregivers(e.g.,whenthoseinvolvedarestudents,residents,orothertrainees.).p.121RoleRelationshipPatterns47WhatisaPatient'sBillofWhatisaPatient'sBillofRights?

ClientRole

4.Thepatienthastherighttomakedecisionsabouttheplanofcarebeforeandduringthecourseoftreatment,torefusearecommendedtreatmentorplanofcaretotheextentpermittedbylawandhospitalpolicy,andtobeinformedofthemedicalconsequencesofthisaction.

p.121RoleRelationshipPatterns48WhatisaPatient'sBillofWhatisaPatient'sBillofRights?

ClientRole

5.Thepatienthastherighttohaveanadvancedirective(suchaslivingwill,healthcareproxy,ordurablepowerofattorneyoverhealthcare)concerningtreatmentordesignatingasurrogatedecisionmakerwiththeexpectationthatthehealthcareinstitutionwillhonortheintentofthatdirectivetotheextentpermittedbylawandhospitalpolicy.Healthcareinstitutionsmustadvisepatientsoftheirrighttomakeinformedmedicalchoices.p.121RoleRelationshipPatterns49WhatisaPatient'sBillofWhatisaPatient'sBillofRights?

ClientRole

6.Thepatienthastherighttoeveryconsiderationofprivacy.Casediscussion,consultation,examination,andtreatmentshouldbeconductedsoastoprotectthepatient'sprivacy.7.Thepatienthastherighttoexpectthatallcommunicationsandrecordspertainingtocarewillbetreatedasconfidentialbythehospital,exceptincasessuchassuspectedabuseandpublichealthhazards,whenreportingispermittedorrequiredbylaw.

p.121RoleRelationshipPatterns50WhatisaPatient'sBillofWhatisaPatient'sBillofRights?

ClientRole

8.Thepatienthastherighttoreviewrecordspertainingtomedicalcareandtohavetheinformationexplainedorinterpretedasnecessary,exceptwhenrestrictedbylaw.9.Thepatienthastherighttoexpectthat,withinitscapacityandpolicies,ahospitalwillmakereasonableresponsetotherequestofapatientforappropriateandmedicallyindicatedcareandservices.Thehospitalmustprovideevaluation,service,andreferralasindicatedbytheurgencyofthecase.

p.121RoleRelationshipPatterns51WhatisaPatient'sBillofWhatisaPatient'sBillofRights?

ClientRole

10.Thepatienthastherighttoaskandbeinformedoftheexistenceofbusinessrelationshipsamongthehospital,educationalinstitutions,andotherhealthcareprovidersorpayersthatmayinfluencethepatient'streatmentandcare.p.121RoleRelationshipPatterns52WhatisaPatient'sBillofWhatisaPatient'sBillofRights?

ClientRole

11.Thepatienthastherighttoconsentdeclinetoparticipateinproposedresearchstudiesorhumanexperimentationaffectingcareandtreatmentorrequiringdirectpatientsinvolvementandtohavethosestudiesfullyexplainedbeforeconsent.

p.121RoleRelationshipPatterns53WhatisaPatient'sBillofWhatisaPatient'sBillofRights?

ClientRole

12.Thepatienthastherighttoexpectreasonablecontinuityofcarewhenappropriateandtobeinformedbyphysiciansandothercaregiversofavailableandrealisticpatientcareoptionswhenhospitalcareisnolongerappropriate.

Thepatienthastherighttobeinformedofhospitalpoliciesandpracticesthatrelatetopatientcare,treatment,andresponsibilitiesandtobeinformedofavailableresourcesforresolvingconflicts.

p.121RoleRelationshipPatterns54WhatisaPatient'sBilloflicensurelegalconfidentialityidentificationinformedconsentethicalcodeconsideration

inconsiderate

impulse

appetitecapriceparameterssequenceassumedisciplineprescribeappropriatemutuallyperformanceVocabularycompensationsubstantialfindingcounseling

supervisiondelegationexecutionregimenregisterednurseaccountableresponsiblecompetencystatuteterritorymonitorprioritizecoordinatepersonnelboardmandaterepresentativeviolationrevisearticulatebenchmarkoncologicalgerontologicalpsychiatrictenetrelevancetortbenchmarkjudgenegligencebreachdocumentfalsifywithholdprivilegedcommunicationcompromisemandatecommunicablestatutoryInadditiontoinanywayInformedConsentknowledgeable55licensureVocabularyrepresentat5656BasicConceptsAmericanNursesAssociation'sDefinitionofProfessionalNursingPracticeProfessionalLicensureNursePracticeActsProfessionalStandardsofCareLegalStandardsConfidentialityInformedConsentProtectingClientRightsOUTLINE57BasicConceptsOUTLINE5OUTLINEEthicalCodeforNursesApplicationsNursingProcessNursingProcessandProfessionalRelationsAssessmentDiagnosisPlanningandOutcomeIdentificationImplementationEvaluationCriticalPathwaysSummary58OUTLINEEthicalCodefo

OBJECTIVES1.Defineprofessionalnursing2.Discusstheimplicationsofnursepracticeactsinthenurse-clientrelationship3.Identifyprofessionalstandardsofcare

4.Discusslegalstandards5.Discussimplicationsofthecodeofethicswithinterpretivestatementsforthenurse-clientrelationship6.Describethenursingprocessasaframe-workforprofessionalnursingpracticeandthenurse-clientrelationship7.Discusscriticalpathwaysasamethodofcommunication

59OBJECTIVES59Ifaman'sactionsarenotguidedbythoughtfulconsiderations,thentheyareguidedbyinconsiderateimpulse,unbalancedappetite,capriceortheCircumstancesofthemoment.

JohnDewey(1933)

如果一個(gè)人的行為不被深思熟慮的思想所指導(dǎo),那么他們就受輕帥的沖動(dòng)，不平衡的欲望,反復(fù)無(wú)?；蚱痰沫h(huán)境所左右。

約翰?Dewey(1933)60Ifaman'sactionsarenotguiProfessionalLicensureTheregisterednurse’sprofessionallicenseensuresthateachindividualnursehassuccessfullycompletednursingprogramrequirementsandcandemonstratetheknowledge,skills,andcompetenciestofunctionasahealthproviderofsafe,effectivenursingcare.Allpersonspracticingnursingarerequiredbylawtohaveacurrentlicenseinthestateinwhichtheypracticeandtoupdatetheirlicensureyearly.Thislicenserequiresanyonepracticingnursingtocomplywithallstatelawsgoverningpractice.TheANAtestscorenursingknowledgebeforegrantinganurseaprofessionallicense.Nursinglicensurehelpsmaintainstandardsfornursing.Eachstatecurrentlyhastherighttodeterminewhodoesandwhodoesnotpracticeinthatstate.61Theregisterednurse’sproBox2-1.ProfessionalStandardsGuidingtheNurse-ClientRelationshipStandardsofCareⅠ.AssessmentThenursecollectsclienthealthdata.Ⅱ.DiagnosisThenurseanalyzedtheassessmentdataindeterminingdiagnoses.Ⅲ.OutcomeIdentificationThenurseidentifiesexpectedoutcomesindividualizedtotheclient.Ⅳ.PlanningThenursedevelopsaplanofcarethatprescribesinterventionstoattainexpectedoutcomes.Ⅴ.ImplementationThenurseimplementstheinterventionsidentifiedintheplanofcare.Ⅵ.EvaluationThenurseevaluatestheclient'sprogresstowardattainmentofoutcomes.62Box2-1.ProfessionalStandards護(hù)理程序的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

Ⅰ.評(píng)估護(hù)士收集患者的健康資料。

Ⅱ.診斷護(hù)士分析評(píng)估資料作出診斷。

Ⅲ.結(jié)果鑒定護(hù)士確定患者預(yù)期的個(gè)案結(jié)果

Ⅳ.計(jì)劃護(hù)士制定護(hù)理計(jì)劃，以陳述要達(dá)到預(yù)期目標(biāo)所采取的護(hù)理措施。

Ⅴ.實(shí)施護(hù)士將制定的措施落實(shí)到護(hù)理計(jì)劃中。

Ⅵ.評(píng)價(jià)護(hù)士根據(jù)預(yù)期目標(biāo)評(píng)價(jià)患者的轉(zhuǎn)歸。

BOX2-1指導(dǎo)護(hù)患關(guān)系的專(zhuān)業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)63護(hù)理程序的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)BOX2-1指導(dǎo)護(hù)患關(guān)系的專(zhuān)業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)63Ⅰ.QualityofCareThenursesystematicallyevaluatesthequalityandeffectivenessofnursingpractice

Ⅱ.PerformanceAppraisalThenurseevaluateshis/herownnursingpracticeinrelationtoprofessionalpracticestandardsandrelevantstatutesandregulations.Ⅲ.EducationThenurseacquiresandmaintainscurrentknowledgeinnursingpractice.Ⅳ.Collegiality

Thenursecontributestotheprofessionaldevelopmentofpeers,colleagues,andothers.Ⅴ.EthicsThenurse’sdecisionsandactionsonbehalfofclientsaredeterminedinanethicalmanner.Ⅵ.CollaborationThenursecollaborateswiththeclient,significantothers,andhealthcareprovidersinprovidingclientcare.Ⅶ.ResearchThenurseusesresearchfindingsinpractice.Ⅷ.ResourceUtilizationThenurseconsidersfactorsrelatedtosafety,effectiveness,andcostinplanninganddeliveringclientcare.StandardsofProfessionalPerformance64StandardsofProfessionalPerf

Ⅰ.護(hù)理質(zhì)量護(hù)士系統(tǒng)地對(duì)護(hù)理實(shí)踐的質(zhì)量和效力進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)。

Ⅱ.業(yè)績(jī)?cè)u(píng)價(jià)護(hù)士在專(zhuān)業(yè)操作標(biāo)準(zhǔn)以及有關(guān)法令法規(guī)方面評(píng)價(jià)自己的護(hù)理實(shí)踐。

Ⅲ.教育護(hù)士在護(hù)理實(shí)踐中獲得和提供現(xiàn)有的知識(shí)。

Ⅳ.同事關(guān)系護(hù)士幫助同伴，同事和其他人的專(zhuān)業(yè)進(jìn)步。Ⅴ.道德準(zhǔn)則護(hù)士根據(jù)患者的利益，以符合道德的規(guī)范代表患者做出決定和行動(dòng)。

Ⅵ.合作護(hù)士在護(hù)理時(shí)應(yīng)與患者、其他重要人員以及衛(wèi)生保健人員合作。

Ⅶ.研究在實(shí)踐中護(hù)士應(yīng)用研究結(jié)果。

Ⅷ.資源利用護(hù)士在計(jì)劃和護(hù)理方面考慮與安全，效率和費(fèi)用相關(guān)的因素。

專(zhuān)業(yè)素質(zhì)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)65Ⅰ.護(hù)理質(zhì)量專(zhuān)業(yè)素質(zhì)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)65演講完畢，謝謝觀看！演講完畢，謝謝觀看！Chapter6RoleRelationshipPatterns

67Chapter61whatkindsofoutline

arethemostimportantinthechapter?RoleRelationshipPatterns68whatkindsofoutlineareRoBasicConceptsDefinitionsRelatedTerms

PersonalInterpretationsofRoleSocietalInterpretationsRoleEffectsofAlterationinRolePerformanceonOthersOUTLINEp.108RoleRelationshipPatterns69BasicConceptsOUTLINEp.108RolApplications

ProfessionalNurseRoleTypesofProfessionalRoles

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