英語語法教學：非謂語動詞 課件

非謂語動詞編輯ppt一、非謂語動詞的考點1、謂語動詞與非謂語動詞的區(qū)別；2、非謂語動詞作定語；3、非謂語動詞作主語和表語；4、非謂語動詞作賓語；5、非謂語動詞作賓補；6、非謂語動詞作狀語；7、非謂語動詞的時態(tài)語態(tài)和被動。編輯ppt二、非謂語動詞的句法功能不定式主語賓語表語賓補定語狀語動名詞主語賓語表語定語分詞表語賓補定語狀語編輯ppt三、謂語動詞與非謂語動詞的區(qū)別高考題點擊：1.“Can’tyouread?”Marysaid_____tothenotice.(93N)A.angrilypointing B.andpointangrilyC.angrilypointed D.andangrilypointing2.Suddenly,atallmandrivingagoldencarriage____thegirlandtookheraway,____intothewoods.（04上海春季）A.seizing..,disappearedB.seized..,disappearedC.seizing,disappearingD.seized,disappearing兩個動作之間用and連接稱為并列謂語，并列謂語需注意兩個動詞的形式的一致性，故B、D皆錯；不用and連接時稱之為狀語，只能用非謂語動詞作狀語，故C錯。seized和took是并列謂語，disappearing是伴隨狀語。此題的關鍵是and的位置，如果and在disappear前，則三個動詞并列。AD編輯ppt四、非謂語動詞作主語和表語高考題點擊：1.Fishingishisfavoritehobby,and_____.(01上海)A.he’dliketocollectcoinsaswellB.hefeelslikecollectingcoins,tooC.tocollectcoinsisalsohishobbyD.collectingcoinsalsogiveshimgreatpleasure2.It’snecessarytobepreparedforajobinterview.____theanswersreadywillbeofgreathelp.(05北京卷)A.TohavehadB.HavinghadC.HaveD.Having在and連接的并列句中，兩個主語最好要保持一致的形式。動名詞fishing和collectingcoins分別作兩個簡單句的主語。這句話的意思為“釣魚是他的愛好，集郵也給他帶來極大的樂趣?！盌D編輯ppt非謂語動詞作主語時要注意以下兩個重要問題：第一是并行結構問題，如：Seeingisbelieving./Toseeistobelieve.第二需要注意一些結構：A)在It’snouse(good;value;importance)等結構中只用動名詞作主語。如：It’snousequarrellingwithsuchafellow.注意比較：There’snoneedtotellhimaboutit.B)在It’s+adj.結構中都用不定式作主語。注意兩種句型：It’seasy(difficult,hard,important,possible,impossible,comfortable,necessary,better;thefirst,thenext,thelast,thebest,toomuch,toolittle,notenough)后加forsb.todoIt’skind(nice,stupid,rude,clever,foolish,thoughtful,thoughtless,brave,considerate(考慮周到的),silly,selfish(自私的))后加ofsb.todo編輯ppt3.Thepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier,_____itmoredifficult.(99N)A.notmake B.nottomake C.notmaking D.donotmakeB動詞不定式短語tomakelifeeasier及nottomakeitmoredifficult都作purpose的表語。非謂語動詞作表語時要特別注意兩個問題，一是并行結構問題，二是時間問題。一般來說，不定式作表語都表示該動作發(fā)生在將來，故在表示“目的、愿望、夢想、需求”等名詞作主語時其表語應該用不定式。動名詞作表語一般用來表示“身份、職業(yè)”等。另外要特別注意現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞作表語的區(qū)別。編輯ppt五、非謂語動詞作定語

高考題點擊：1.Theflowers____sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.（04上海）A.tosmellB.smellingC.smelt D.tobesmelt

2.Amanisbeingquestionedinrelationtothe________murderlastnight.（04江蘇）A.advisedB.attendedC.attemptedD.admitted該題的謂語動詞是attract，“聞起來很香”用來作定語修飾主語flowers。BC“謀殺”只能被預謀，故該用過去分詞作定語表示被動。編輯ppt3.Thepicture_____onthewallispaintedbymynephew.(00北京春季)A.havinghungB.hangingC.hangs D.beinghung4.Therearefivepairs_____,butI’matalosswhichtobuy.(99上海)A.tobechosen B.tochoosefrom C.tochoose D.forchoosingBBhang作及物動詞用時表示人為的“掛”；作不及物動詞用時表示東西掛在某處的狀態(tài)。本句中的hang為不及物動詞，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語。動詞不定式tochoosefrom和tochoose都可以作定語，問題是tochoose作定語時該名詞是choose的對象；tochoosefrom作定語時，該名詞是choose的范圍。該題指的是范圍.編輯ppt非謂語動詞作定語時要注意以下區(qū)別：分詞作定語時與其所修飾的名詞有邏輯上的主謂關系；動名詞作定語時只表示用途、場所等意義；不定式作定語時要注意以下一些固定結構：在time,chance,right等名詞后；在序數(shù)詞后；在wish,need,demand,requirement…等詞后。D)表示被動意義的非謂語動詞作定語時的用法：done表示已經完成的動作tobedone表示尚未開始的動作beingdone表示正在進行之中的動作編輯ppt六、非謂語動詞作賓補高考題點擊：

Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim_____.(95N)A.notto B.nottodo C.nottoit D.donottoA為了避免重復，常用省略形式to來代替前面的動作。如：Wouldyouliketovisitourschool?Yes,I’dliketo.有些動詞后面需要用不定式作賓補，除tell外，常見的還有：adviseallowcauseconsiderencourageforbidforceintendorderpermitpersuaderemindrequestrequireurgewarnaskwishwant等特別注意：hope,agree,demand,suggest等沒有賓補。編輯ppt2.Pauldoesn’thavetobemade_____.Healwaysworkshard.(95N)A.learn B.tolearn C.learned D.learning3.Acomputerdoesonlywhatthinkingpeople___.(99上海)A.haveitdo B.haveitdone C.havedoneit D.havingitdone使役動詞make/have/letsb.dosth.但改為被動語態(tài)后，則應為：bemade/lettodo。注意其它不帶to的動詞不定式的用法。此句中的it指代的是acomputer，what在從句中作do的賓語，表示“人們讓計算機所做的事“應該用…peoplehaveacomputerdo…這一結構。需要注意的是have的幾個常用結構：havesb./sth.do…;havesb./sth.done…;havesb./sth.doing…;havesb./sth.todoBA編輯ppt4.Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee_____thenextyear.(00N)A.carryout B.carryingoutC.carriedout D.tocarryout5.Themissingboyswerelastseen___neartheriver.(94N)A.playing B.tobeplaying C.play D.toplaythat引導的是定語從句，修飾plan，在從句中作see的賓語。因此從句中的結構應為seetheplancarriedout。特別注意現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞作賓補的區(qū)別。感官性動詞后面的賓補若用不定式，則表示一個完整的動作；若用現(xiàn)在分詞，則表示正在進行的動作。本句應理解為正在進行的動作。CA編輯ppt七、非謂語動詞作賓語

高考題點擊：

1.Weagreed_____herebutsofarshehasn’tturnedupyet.(95N)A.havingmetB.meetingC.tomeet D.tohavemet2.I’veworkedwithchildrenbefore,soIknowwhat_____tomynewjob.(00N)A.expected B.toexpectC.tobeexpectingD.expectsCB注意1：僅帶不定式作賓語的動詞有：agree,refuse,offer,promise,decide,determine,intend,manage,fail,hope,expect,long,wish,tend,desire,plan,pretend,等；注意2：動詞know,show等常帶疑問詞加todo作賓語。編輯ppt3.Ireallyappreciate_____torelaxwithyouonthisniceisland.(01上海)A.tohavehadtime B.havingtime C.tohavetime D.tohavingtimeB僅帶動名詞作賓語的動詞為：admitappreciateavoiddelayenjoyescapeexcusepreventfinishimaginemindpractiseresistrisksuggeststandforgivekeepallowadvisepermitforbid但如果在allowadvisepermitforbid后提到有關的人，就只能用不定式作賓補。在動詞want,need,require,demand等詞后加動名詞作賓語時表示被動意義，相當于tobedone。編輯ppt4.---Youwerebraveenoughtoraiseobjectionsatthemeeting.---Well,nowIregret_____that.(95N)A.todoB.tobedoingC.tohavedoneD.havingdone5.---Letmetellyousomethingaboutthejournalists.---Don’tyouremember_____methestoryyesterday?(99上海)A.told B.telling C.totell tohavetold6.InsomepartsofLondon,missingabusmeans_____foranotherhour.(02上海春季)A.waiting B.towait C.waitD.tobewaitingDBA特別注意帶不定式和動名詞作賓語時意義不同的動詞：remember,forget,regret,try,goon,mean,miss,stop編輯ppt7.Howaboutthetwoofus___awalkdownthegarden?(93N)A.totake B.take C.taking D.tobetaking8.---Imustapologizefor_____aheadoftime.---That’sallright.(94N)A.lettingyounotknow B.notlettingyouknowC.lettingyouknownot D.lettingnotyouknow9.Sandycoulddonothingbut_____tohisteacherthathewaswrong.(01上海春季)A.admit B.admitted C.admitting D.toadmitCBA介詞的賓語一般都用動名詞，但有三個介詞but(except)/than/beabout后要接不定式作賓語。編輯ppt10.Ratherthan____onacrowdedbus,healwaysprefers____abicycle.(94N)A.ride…ride B.riding…ride C.ride…toride D.toride…riding注意prefer的幾個常用句型：prefertodosth.thandosth.preferdoingsth.todoingsth.prefer+n.to+n.C編輯ppt11.Mr.Reedmadeuphismindtodevoteallhehadto_____someschoolsforpoorchildren.(01上海春季)A.setupB.settingup C.havesetupD.havingsetup12.---Howdoyoudealwiththedisagreementbetweenthecompanyandthecustomers?---Thekey_____theproblemistomeetthedemand_____bythecustomers.(02北京)A.tosolving…making B.tosolving…madeC.tosolve…making D.tosolve…madeBB要特別注意to的詞性，分析其為介詞還是不定式。admitto，beaccustomedto習慣于，beusedto，stickto，turnto，devoteoneselfto，bedevotedto，lookforwardto，payattentionto,getdownto等編輯ppt八、非謂語動詞作狀語高考題點擊：

1.---Mum,whydoyoualwaysmakemeeataneggeveryday?---_____enoughproteinandnutritionasyouaregrowingup.(99上海)A.Get B.Getting C.Toget D.Tobegetting2._____lateintheafternoon,Bobturnedoffthealarm.(01北京春季)A.Tosleep B.Sleeping C.Sleep D.Havingslept3.Inordertomakeourcitygreen,_____.(02上海春季)A.itisnecessarytohaveplantedmoretreesB.manymoretreesneedtoplantC.ourcityneedsmoretreesD.wemustplantmoretreesCAD編輯ppt4._____inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.(96N)A.Losing B.HavinglostC.LostD.Tolose5._____thegeneralstateofhishealth,itmaytakehimawhiletorecoverfromtheoperation.(00北京春季)A.Given B.Togive C.Giving D.Havinggiven6.HesentmeanE-mail,_____togetfurtherinformation.(00上海)A.hoped B.hoping C.tohope D.hopeloseoneselfinsth.表示“陷入…”，主語he為lose的賓語。given作狀語意為“考慮到”，意思相當于considering。注意hoping為伴隨狀語而非目的狀語，真正的目的是后面的toget…。CAB編輯ppt7.Theresearchissodesignedthatonce_____nothingcanbedonetochangeit.(02N)A.begins B.havingbegun C.beginning D.begun8.Findinghercarstolen,_____.(01上海).A.apolicemanwasaskedtohelp B.theareawassearchingthoroughlyC.itwaslookedforeverywhere D.shehurriedtoapolicemanforhelponce在此處只是副詞，后面的分詞必須考慮到與句子主語的關系。begin為及物動詞，意為“開始、啟動”，故該用過去分詞。本句要特別注意其邏輯主語。DD編輯ppt九、非謂語動詞的時態(tài)語態(tài)和被動

高考題點擊：

Iwouldlove_____tothepartylastnightbutIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishareport.(97N)A.togoB.havinggone C.going D.tohavegone2.Robertissaid_____abroad,butIdon’tknowwhatcountryhestudiedin.(99N)A.tohavestudied B.tostudy C.tobestudying D.tohavebeenstudyingDAwouldlovetohavedone表示本想去做，但沒做成。本題的關鍵是“whatcountryhestudiedin”，由此可知事情發(fā)生在過去。編輯ppt3.Doletyourmotherknowallthetruth.Sheappears_____everything.(01上海)A.totell B.tobetoldC.tobetelling D.tohavebeentold4.Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple,butitremains_____whethertheywillenjoyit.(02N)A.tosee B.tobeseen C.seeing D.seen本題中母親被告知真象顯然發(fā)生在以前，所以你現(xiàn)在沒有必要再隱瞞了。remain后接todo，此處it指代的是后面的主語從句。他們是否喜歡有待于觀察，此處應為被動。DB編輯ppt5._____tosunlightfortoomuchtimewilldoharmtoone’sskin.(02上海)A.Exposed B.Havingexposed C.Beingexposed D.Afterbeingexposed6._____suchheavypollutionalready,itmaynowbetoolatetocleanuptheriver.(01N)A.Havingsuffered B.Suffering C.Tosuffer D.Suffered7.Tonywasveryunhappyfor_____totheparty.(00上海)A.havingnotbeeninvited B.nothavinginvitedC.havingnotinvited D.nothavingbeeninvited該句缺主語，只能用動名詞才能作主語。CAD編輯ppt8.Withalotofdifficultproblems_____,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.(02上海春季)A.settled B.settling C.tosettle D.beingsettledwith+n./pron.+O.C.構成一個獨立主格結構，在句中作狀語。用settled表示已經解決了的問題；用beingsettled表示正在被解決的問題；用tobesettled表示將要被解決的問題。而此處的tosettle是用來作定語修飾前面的problems。另外還要注意一下分詞的獨立主格結構的基本用法。C編輯pptGood-bye!編輯ppt編輯ppt9、靜夜四無鄰，荒居舊業(yè)貧。。2023/1/52023/1/5Thursday,January5,202310、雨中黃葉樹，燈下白頭人。。2023/1/52023/1/52023/1/51/5/20238:19:13PM11、以我獨沈久，愧君相見頻。。2023/1/52023/1/52023/1/5Jan-2305-Jan-2312、故人江海別，幾度隔山川。。2023/1/52023/1/52023/1/5Thursday,January5,202313、乍見翻疑夢，相悲各問年。。2023/1/52023/1/52023/1/52023/1/51/5/202314、他鄉(xiāng)生白發(fā)，舊國見青山。。05一月20232023/1/52023/1/52023/1/515、比不了得就不比，得不到的就不要。。。一月232023/1/52023/1/52023/1/51/5/202316、行動出成果，工作出財富。。2023/1/52023/1/505January202317、做前，能夠環(huán)視四周；做時，你只能或者最好沿著以腳為起點的射線向前。。2023/1/52023/1/52023/1/52023/1/59、沒有失敗，只有暫時停止成功！。2023/1/52023/1/5Thursday,Janu