MA《戰(zhàn)略管理》中英文

戰(zhàn)略管理

StrategicManagement公共管理學(xué)院城市管理系2003年9月第三講戰(zhàn)略匹配StrategicMatch內(nèi)外條件的分類ClassificationofInternalandExternalConditions優(yōu)勢(shì)Strengths:競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)competitiveadvantage+stableandhealthyinternalatmosphere（穩(wěn)定、健康的條件）.弱勢(shì)Weaknesses:競(jìng)爭(zhēng)弱勢(shì)competitivedisadvantages+anunstableandunhealthyinternalatmosphere（不穩(wěn)定的內(nèi)部條件）一、優(yōu)勢(shì)和弱勢(shì)

StrengthsandWeaknesses

1.優(yōu)勢(shì)Strengths(1)核心競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力Distinctivecompetency(leverage):productdesign,lowcost,highefficiency,leadershipinproductinnovation,abilitytoinfluencelegislation,controlofcostandother,massiveavailabilityofcapital,CRM-customerrelationsmanagement.Examples:Toyota—quality;Benz—image,IBM—service;CocaCola—internationalbrandrecognition;HP—innovation;AT&T—technologicalexpertise.開(kāi)發(fā)Developingadistinctivecompetency利用Exploitingdistinctivecompetency保護(hù)Protectingdistinctivecompetency1.優(yōu)勢(shì)Strengths(2)穩(wěn)定器stabilizers:maintenancestrengthFairwagesandsalaries;goodworkingconditions;efficientemployeehiringpractices,promotionfromwithin,aclearsenseofmission,efficientworkflow,availabilityofexecutivetrainingprogram,effectivesuperior-subordinatecommunication.組織正常運(yùn)作的必要條件。2.弱勢(shì)Weaknesses(1)下沉者Sinkers關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)出現(xiàn)大問(wèn)題，災(zāi)難來(lái)臨。largeholeintheshipstructureShoddyworkmanshipordefectivemerchandise;poorcustomerservice;badlocation;disloyalemployees,lackofproductinnovation,poorcreditline;lackofleadershipandmanagerialskillsatthecorporatelevel.(2)動(dòng)蕩者Destabilizers保證順利航行內(nèi)部權(quán)責(zé)不清Lackofclearjobdescriptions,widespanofsupervision,deviationfromthecompany’spolicyofpromotionfromwithin;poorworkingcondition;inadequateexecutivetrainingprogram.3、如何判斷優(yōu)勢(shì)和弱勢(shì)？1、歷史的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)HistoricalCriterion特定條件下，將現(xiàn)在與過(guò)去的績(jī)效進(jìn)行比較。2、競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)CompetitiveCriterion和第一名相比，處于何種地位。3、名義的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)NormativeCriterion“Howthingsoughttobe”insteadofwith“howthingsare”與最新的理論研究成果相比。二、機(jī)會(huì)和威脅

OpportunitiesandThreats1.機(jī)會(huì)Opportunities市場(chǎng)增長(zhǎng)等Growthofcustomer;exitofcompetitor;increasesofsuppliers,abundancesoflabor;fewgovernmentregulations,populationgrowth,culturalchanges,lowerinflation，favorabletechnologicalbreakthroughs,improvedpoliticalrelationsbetweenacountryandforeignnationwithlargemarket.2.威脅ThreatsDeclineinthesizeofthecustomerbase,entryofapowerfulcompetitorintotheindustry,decreaseinthenumberofsuppliers,increaseinthecostofrawmaterials,shortageoflabor,greatergovernmentregulations,adverseculturaltrends,higherinflationrates,recession,higherunemploymentrates,deteriorationinthepoliticalrelationsbetweentwocountries,andsoon….

1.機(jī)會(huì)Opportunities

(1)未來(lái)的機(jī)會(huì)FutureOpportunitiesEarlydetection(2)現(xiàn)在的機(jī)會(huì)CurrentOpportunities----漸進(jìn)性evolvedopportunities;----突發(fā)性suddenopportunities;----潛在hiddenopportunities.2.威脅Threats未來(lái)的威脅FutureThreats現(xiàn)在的威脅CurrentThreats----漸進(jìn)的evolvedthreats----突發(fā)的suddenthreats----潛在的hiddenthreats3.變威脅為機(jī)會(huì)Turningthreatstoopportunities決斷力Earlyrecognition三、戰(zhàn)略匹配StrategicMatch1.杠桿力Leverage----StrengthstoOpportunities----Strategicwindow(windowofopportunity）2.維持力Maintenance----StrengthstoThreats----maintainorprotecttheirmarketposition3.局限力Constraint--Weaknessestoopportunities----abiggovernmentbureaucracyvs.theprivatesector4.脆弱力Vulnerability----WeaknessestoThreatsSWOT分分析的的5種力量量分析SWOT分析提供了了四種戰(zhàn)略略9、靜夜夜四無(wú)無(wú)鄰，，荒居居舊業(yè)業(yè)貧。。。1月-231月-23Sunday,January1,202310、雨中黃黃葉樹(shù)，，燈下白白頭人。。。15:01:2115:01:2115:011/1/20233:01:21PM11、以以我我獨(dú)獨(dú)沈沈久久，，愧愧君君相相見(jiàn)見(jiàn)頻頻。。。。1月月-2315:01:2115:01Jan-2301-Jan-2312、故人江海別別，幾度隔山山川。。15:01:2115:01:2115:01Sunday,January1,202313、乍見(jiàn)翻疑疑夢(mèng)，相悲悲各問(wèn)年。。。1月-231月-2315:01:2115:01:21January1,202314、他他鄉(xiāng)鄉(xiāng)生生白白發(fā)發(fā)，，舊舊國(guó)國(guó)見(jiàn)見(jiàn)青青山山。。。。01一一月月20233:01:21下下午午15:01:211月月-2315、比不了了得就不不比，得得不到的的就不要要。。。。一月233:01下午午1月-2315:01January1,202316、行動(dòng)動(dòng)出成成果，，工作作出財(cái)財(cái)富。。。2023/1/115:01:2115:01:2101January202317、做前前，能能夠環(huán)環(huán)視四四周；；做時(shí)時(shí)，你你只能能或者者最好好沿著著以腳腳為起起點(diǎn)的的射線線向前前。。。3:01:21下下午3:01下下午午15:01:211月-239、沒(méi)有有失敗敗，只只有暫暫時(shí)停停止成成功??！。1月-231月-23Sunday,January1,202310、很多事情努努力了未必有有結(jié)果，但是是不努力卻什什么改變也沒(méi)沒(méi)有。。15:01:2115:01:2115:011/1/20233:01:21PM11、成功就是是日復(fù)一日日那一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)點(diǎn)小小努力力的積累。。。1月-2315:01:2115:01Jan-2301-Jan-2312、世間成事事，不求其其絕對(duì)圓滿滿，留一份份不足，可可得無(wú)限完完美。。15:01:2115:01:2115:01Sunday,January1,202313、不知知香積積寺，，數(shù)里里入云云峰。。。1月-231月-2315:01:2115:01:21January1,202314、意志堅(jiān)強(qiáng)強(qiáng)的人能把把世界放在在手中像泥泥塊一樣任任意揉捏。。01一月月20233:01:21下下午15:01:211月-2315、楚塞塞三湘湘接，，荊門門九派派通。。。。。一月233:01下下午午1月-2315:01January1,202316、少年十五二二十時(shí)，步行行奪得胡馬騎騎。。2023/1/115:01:2215:01:2201January202317、空山新新雨后，，天氣晚晚來(lái)秋。。。3:01:22下午午3:01下午午15:01:221月-239、楊柳散和風(fēng)風(fēng)，青山澹吾吾慮。。1月-231月-23Sunday,January1,202310、閱讀一切好好書(shū)如同和過(guò)過(guò)去最杰出的的人談話。15:01:2215:01:2215:011/1/20233:01:22PM11、越越是是沒(méi)沒(méi)有有本本領(lǐng)領(lǐng)的的就就越越加加自自命命不不凡凡。。1月月-2315:01:2215:01Jan-2301-Jan-2312、越是無(wú)無(wú)能的人人，越喜喜歡挑剔剔別人的的錯(cuò)兒。。15:01:2215:01:2215:01Sunday,January1,202313、知知人人者者智智，，自自知知者者明明。。勝勝人人者者有有力力，，自自勝勝者者強(qiáng)強(qiáng)。。1月月-231月月-2315:01:2215:01:22January1,202314、意志堅(jiān)堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的人人能把世世界放在在手中像像泥塊一一樣任意意揉捏。。01一一月20233:01:22下午午15:01:221月-2315、最具挑挑戰(zhàn)性的的挑戰(zhàn)莫莫過(guò)于提提升自我我。。一月233:01下午午1月-2315:01January1,202316、業(yè)余生生活要有有意義，，不要越越軌。2023/1/115:01:2215:01:2201January202317、一一