MA《戰(zhàn)略管理》中英文

戰(zhàn)略管理

StrategicManagement公共管理學(xué)院城市管理系2003年9月第三講戰(zhàn)略匹配StrategicMatch內(nèi)外條件的分類ClassificationofInternalandExternalConditions優(yōu)勢Strengths:競爭優(yōu)勢competitiveadvantage+stableandhealthyinternalatmosphere（穩(wěn)定、健康的條件）.弱勢Weaknesses:競爭弱勢competitivedisadvantages+anunstableandunhealthyinternalatmosphere（不穩(wěn)定的內(nèi)部條件）一、優(yōu)勢和弱勢

StrengthsandWeaknesses

1.優(yōu)勢Strengths(1)核心競爭力Distinctivecompetency(leverage):productdesign,lowcost,highefficiency,leadershipinproductinnovation,abilitytoinfluencelegislation,controlofcostandother,massiveavailabilityofcapital,CRM-customerrelationsmanagement.Examples:Toyota—quality;Benz—image,IBM—service;CocaCola—internationalbrandrecognition;HP—innovation;AT&T—technologicalexpertise.開發(fā)Developingadistinctivecompetency利用Exploitingdistinctivecompetency保護Protectingdistinctivecompetency1.優(yōu)勢Strengths(2)穩(wěn)定器stabilizers:maintenancestrengthFairwagesandsalaries;goodworkingconditions;efficientemployeehiringpractices,promotionfromwithin,aclearsenseofmission,efficientworkflow,availabilityofexecutivetrainingprogram,effectivesuperior-subordinatecommunication.組織正常運作的必要條件。2.弱勢Weaknesses(1)下沉者Sinkers關(guān)鍵點出現(xiàn)大問題，災(zāi)難來臨。largeholeintheshipstructureShoddyworkmanshipordefectivemerchandise;poorcustomerservice;badlocation;disloyalemployees,lackofproductinnovation,poorcreditline;lackofleadershipandmanagerialskillsatthecorporatelevel.(2)動蕩者Destabilizers保證順利航行內(nèi)部權(quán)責(zé)不清Lackofclearjobdescriptions,widespanofsupervision,deviationfromthecompany’spolicyofpromotionfromwithin;poorworkingcondition;inadequateexecutivetrainingprogram.3、如何判斷優(yōu)勢和弱勢？1、歷史的標準HistoricalCriterion特定條件下，將現(xiàn)在與過去的績效進行比較。2、競爭的標準CompetitiveCriterion和第一名相比，處于何種地位。3、名義的標準NormativeCriterion“Howthingsoughttobe”insteadofwith“howthingsare”與最新的理論研究成果相比。二、機會和威脅

OpportunitiesandThreats1.機會Opportunities市場增長等Growthofcustomer;exitofcompetitor;increasesofsuppliers,abundancesoflabor;fewgovernmentregulations,populationgrowth,culturalchanges,lowerinflation，favorabletechnologicalbreakthroughs,improvedpoliticalrelationsbetweenacountryandforeignnationwithlargemarket.2.威脅ThreatsDeclineinthesizeofthecustomerbase,entryofapowerfulcompetitorintotheindustry,decreaseinthenumberofsuppliers,increaseinthecostofrawmaterials,shortageoflabor,greatergovernmentregulations,adverseculturaltrends,higherinflationrates,recession,higherunemploymentrates,deteriorationinthepoliticalrelationsbetweentwocountries,andsoon….

1.機會Opportunities

(1)未來的機會FutureOpportunitiesEarlydetection(2)現(xiàn)在的機會CurrentOpportunities----漸進性evolvedopportunities;----突發(fā)性suddenopportunities;----潛在hiddenopportunities.2.威脅Threats未來的威脅FutureThreats現(xiàn)在的威脅CurrentThreats----漸進的evolvedthreats----突發(fā)的suddenthreats----潛在的hiddenthreats3.變威脅為機會Turningthreatstoopportunities決斷力Earlyrecognition三、戰(zhàn)略匹配StrategicMatch1.杠桿力Leverage----StrengthstoOpportunities----Strategicwindow(windowofopportunity）2.維持力Maintenance----StrengthstoThreats----maintainorprotecttheirmarketposition3.局限力Constraint--Weaknessestoopportunities----abiggovernmentbureaucracyvs.theprivatesector4.脆弱力Vulnerability----WeaknessestoThreatsSWOT分分析的的5種力量量分析SWOT分析提供了了四種戰(zhàn)略略9、靜夜夜四無無鄰，，荒居居舊業(yè)業(yè)貧。。。1月-231月-23Sunday,January1,202310、雨中黃黃葉樹，，燈下白白頭人。。。15:01:2115:01:2115:011/1/20233:01:21PM11、以以我我獨獨沈沈久久，，愧愧君君相相見見頻頻。。。。1月月-2315:01:2115:01Jan-2301-Jan-2312、故人江海別別，幾度隔山山川。。15:01:2115:01:2115:01Sunday,January1,202313、乍見翻疑疑夢，相悲悲各問年。。。1月-231月-2315:01:2115:01:21January1,202314、他他鄉(xiāng)鄉(xiāng)生生白白發(fā)發(fā)，，舊舊國國見見青青山山。。。。01一一月月20233:01:21下下午午15:01:211月月-2315、比不了了得就不不比，得得不到的的就不要要。。。。一月233:01下午午1月-2315:01January1,202316、行動動出成成果，，工作作出財財富。。。2023/1/115:01:2115:01:2101January202317、做前前，能能夠環(huán)環(huán)視四四周；；做時時，你你只能能或者者最好好沿著著以腳腳為起起點的的射線線向前前。。。3:01:21下下午3:01下下午午15:01:211月-239、沒有有失敗敗，只只有暫暫時停停止成成功??！。1月-231月-23Sunday,January1,202310、很多事情努努力了未必有有結(jié)果，但是是不努力卻什什么改變也沒沒有。。15:01:2115:01:2115:011/1/20233:01:21PM11、成功就是是日復(fù)一日日那一點點點小小努力力的積累。。。1月-2315:01:2115:01Jan-2301-Jan-2312、世間成事事，不求其其絕對圓滿滿，留一份份不足，可可得無限完完美。。15:01:2115:01:2115:01Sunday,January1,202313、不知知香積積寺，，數(shù)里里入云云峰。。。1月-231月-2315:01:2115:01:21January1,202314、意志堅強強的人能把把世界放在在手中像泥泥塊一樣任任意揉捏。。01一月月20233:01:21下下午15:01:211月-2315、楚塞塞三湘湘接，，荊門門九派派通。。。。。一月233:01下下午午1月-2315:01January1,202316、少年十五二二十時，步行行奪得胡馬騎騎。。2023/1/115:01:2215:01:2201January202317、空山新新雨后，，天氣晚晚來秋。。。3:01:22下午午3:01下午午15:01:221月-239、楊柳散和風(fēng)風(fēng)，青山澹吾吾慮。。1月-231月-23Sunday,January1,202310、閱讀一切好好書如同和過過去最杰出的的人談話。15:01:2215:01:2215:011/1/20233:01:22PM11、越越是是沒沒有有本本領(lǐng)領(lǐng)的的就就越越加加自自命命不不凡凡。。1月月-2315:01:2215:01Jan-2301-Jan-2312、越是無無能的人人，越喜喜歡挑剔剔別人的的錯兒。。15:01:2215:01:2215:01Sunday,January1,202313、知知人人者者智智，，自自知知者者明明。。勝勝人人者者有有力力，，自自勝勝者者強強。。1月月-231月月-2315:01:2215:01:22January1,202314、意志堅堅強的人人能把世世界放在在手中像像泥塊一一樣任意意揉捏。。01一一月20233:01:22下午午15:01:221月-2315、最具挑挑戰(zhàn)性的的挑戰(zhàn)莫莫過于提提升自我我。。一月233:01下午午1月-2315:01January1,202316、業(yè)余生生活要有有意義，，不要越越軌。2023/1/115:01:2215:01:2201January202317、一一