老師每日筆記-第六天

51頁allowance:英語釋義：anallowanceismoneythatisgiventosomeone,usuallyonaregularbasis,inordertohelpthempayforthethingthattheyneed.這個釋義中onaregularbasis,payforthethingthattheyneed對關(guān)的英文搭配是什么呢？搭配用法有很多：如childallowance兒童補貼；disabilityallowance傷殘補貼；housingallowance住房補貼；livingallowance生活；travelallowance:旅行補貼,holidayallowance假。1）例句為：Helivesonasingleparent’sallowanceofHelivesonasingleparent'sallowanceof70poundsaweek.(pound在字典中用符號表示)2）配還有beentitled,grant,receive，將其與allowanceOneisentitledtoahousingallowanceifheisinalow-paid52頁ally:Acountry’sallyisanothercountrythathasanagreementtosupportit,especiallyin高階的解釋為：Acountrythathasagreedofficiallytogivehelpandsupporttoanotheroneespeciallyduringawar.牛津詞典的解釋為：acountrythathasagreedtohelpandsupportanothercountryespeciallyincaseofawar.不同的詞典都強調(diào)ally是形成的，釋義中“的”這個限定值得格外注意。由“”的聯(lián)想，導(dǎo)致大量和ally的搭配都和“”有著或多或少的聯(lián)系，如wartimeally,NATOally,westernally.alliancealliance:一起看英文釋義：anallianceisagroupofcountriesorpoliticalpartiesthatareformallyunitedandworkingtogether,becausetheyhavesimilaraims.在這個解釋里面，有哪些英文單詞沒有在中文釋義中涵蓋呢？“為了共同的目標(biāo)”在中文釋義中看不到，再看后面的例句，多為政黨做主語，如FreeDemocrats自由黨，GreenParty綠黨等，可見alliance這個詞匯有多大，這些釋義都會讓閱讀者想當(dāng)然的認為，alliance一定是政黨的才行，但是alliance的搭配遠不止這些，經(jīng)常用的有：buildupaglobalalliance建立全球的；strikeupamilitaryalliance打造軍事；forgeapoliticalalliance建立政治，53aloofSomeonewhoisaloofisnotveryfriendlyanddoesnotliketospendtimewithotherpeople.由此暗英文搭配用法講得比較少例句Sheseemedaloofanddetached.表明可以和系表動詞形成搭配，如look,remain,也可以和stand或者keep組合，寫起和“愛心、養(yǎng)老”等話題來就不費勁：Thereweremanythingsthathadkeptusaloofandapartfromthecrowd.然后和我們學(xué)過的組合串接，Butwestillgivetheworldalongandaffectionatehug.就能寫出不錯的句子或者干脆就用字典上的例句，換個主語：Sometimeswemightfeelthattheworldisaloofanddetached,butwestillgiveitalongandaffectionatehug.54alter:很糾結(jié)的一個詞，很早就背過，寫作時用得很少，釋義很平淡，：Ifsomethingaltersorifsomething,usuallyslightly《牛津高級辭典》的解釋是：toedifferent…，看來alter基本是和edifferent那么怎么將alter用到寫作中呢？可以說Notingcanalterourwill.或者…h(huán)asdramaticallyalteredourlifestyle.alter還有一個習(xí)語使用中階沒有收，但是在寫作中可以選擇，notalterthefactthat….例如：或者將這個詞插入第四天的agony做復(fù)習(xí)：Inajourneyfullofhazards,weenduretheagony,lonelinessandmiserySometimes,wearereluctantadventurerswishingourselvesbackinaquietandcarefreelife.Howeverthisdoesn’talterthefactthatwestillcherishadreamintheirhearts,andbravelystrivefortheirgoals.但是總體而言，alter還是比較正式，寫作的時候用得少，不如換成change如：Weneedachangeforthebetter.Noonecanholdbackthetideofchange.也能起到不錯的寫作效果。第55頁寫作詞:altitude本頁的altitude（海拔高度）和其他A字母詞匯容易產(chǎn)生，attitude（態(tài)度）,aptitude（能力穿成句子Attituderatherthanaptitudedecidesaltitude.態(tài)度而非能力56頁寫作詞amazementandamazement:Amazementisthefeelingyouhavewhensomethingsurprisesyouverymuch.amazing:Yousaythatsomethingisamazingwhenitisverysurprisingandmakesyoufeel,例句：Istaredatherin例句：It'samazingwhatwecanrememberwithalittle例句：Toheramazementshegotthe搭配用法還有一個inmockamazement,查查，猜猜什么意思57頁寫作詞英文釋義：Ifyouhaveanambitiontodoorachievesomething,youwantverymuchtodoitorachieveit.而第二釋義為：Ambitionisthedesiretobesuccessful,rich,orpowerful.看來一旦可以將ambition和aspiration連在一起看，形成a-a字母聯(lián)想，Ambitionandaspirationburnedwithinher.或者寫成：Atlastherealizedhislife’sambition.如果記不住這么多，就復(fù)習(xí)aim，在aim,ambition,aspiration,dream這樣的詞匯之間建立聯(lián)想，寫起人生觀念的體裁就不發(fā)愁：Wearesupposedtoaimhigh,butstartfromsmalldetails.Inthisway,successisneverfaraway.Holdinggreatambitionandaspiration,wecherishdreamintheheartandstrifeforagoal.ambition是來自于我們本性的詞匯，不要背它，它58頁：amiableandamiable：Someonewhoisamiableisfriendlyandpleasanttobewith.(WRITTEN)，突出性amicable:Whenpeoplehaveanamicablerelationship,theyarepleasanttoeachotherandsolvetheirproblemswithoutquarrelling突出關(guān)系友好，不爭吵：友善的，溫和的，平心靜氣中文意思看比較相似，英文的內(nèi)涵不同。例句：Hehopedthedisputecouldbesettledamicably.withoutquarreling構(gòu)成內(nèi)涵匹配。59amounttoifsomethingamountstoaparticulartotalallthepartsofitadduptothattotal.Consumerspendingonsports-relateditemsamountedtos9.75billion.…共計…frombeingentertainedorfromngsomethinginteresting.做有趣的事