山西省太原市吳村中學(xué)2021-2022學(xué)年高一英語下學(xué)期期末試題含解析

山西省太原市吳村中學(xué)2021-2022學(xué)年高一英語下學(xué)期期末試題含解析一、選擇題1.Foodpriceshavebeengoingupsharplyinthelasttwomonths,______manypeopletobuyless.A.toforce B.forcing C.forced D.havingforced參考答案：B

2.Thetrafficisheavythesedays.I________arriveabitlate,socouldyousavemeaplace?A.can

B.must

C.needD.might參考答案：C3.---HaveyouheardthenewsthatanincidenthappenedinacoalmineinShanxi?---Yes.______news!A.Whatastonishing

B.Howastonishing

C.Howastonishinga

D.Whatastonishinga參考答案：A4.--Whyisthelibrarianlookingsohardatme?--You_____toreadaloudinthereadingroom.

A.don’tsuppose

B.haven’tsupposed

C.arenotsupposed

D.arenotsupposing參考答案：C5.Howlongdoyouthink______therescueteamsfindtheplaneblackbox?A.itwillbebefore

B.willitbeuntilC.willitbewhen

D.itwillbethat參考答案：A6.Youshould_______beforetheduetime;thetrainlefttenminutesago.A.arrive

B.bearriving

C.havearrived

D.

havebeenarrived.參考答案：C7.Ihaveneverbeeninsuchasituation________Iamincontrolofnothing.(

)A.which

B.that

C.what

D.where參考答案：8.【答案】D

8.—Hey,John.I________tomeetyouhere.—Oh,yes.ThisismyfirsttimetobeattheInternetcafé.Doyouoftencomehere?A.haven’texpected

B.wasn’texpecting

C.hadn’texpected

D.didn’texpected參考答案：D9.---CanIhavethesportssection?

---Yeah,__________.Ihavereadit.

A.comeon

B.goahead

C.keepitup

D.makeit參考答案：B略10.Thereisnodoubt______ourmonitorisresponsibleforthisaction.A.if

B.howC.that

D.why參考答案：C11.Theairqualityinourcity,

isshowninthechart,hasbeenbadoverthelastthreemonths.A.that B.it C.as D.which參考答案：C12.Ratherthan________onacrowdedbus,healwaysprefers________abike.A．ride;ride

B．riding;rideC．ride;toride

D．toride;riding參考答案：C[考查固定句式。句意：他喜歡騎自行車而不喜歡乘坐擁擠的公交。根據(jù)句式此處為prefertodo...ratherthando句式，意思為“寧愿……而不愿……”。]13.Mr.Williamsdoesn’tbelievethatJackisabletodowellinthejobinterview,

?A.doeshe B.ishe C.doesn’the D.isn’the參考答案：A14.Studyingingroupsisnecessary______youwanttodowellinschool

A.if

B.until

C.unless

D.though參考答案：A略15.–WouldyouliketogohikingwithusthisSunday?--_____.That’sthelastthingintheworldIeverwanttodo.A.No,thanks. B.It’suptoyou.C.Italldepends. D.Icouldn’tagreemore.參考答案：A16.Thereportsays________numberofendangeredanimalsisincreasing,for________numberofthemarebeinghuntedorhavingnofoodtoeat．A．the;aB．the;theCa;aD．a(chǎn);the參考答案：A略17.—Couldyoudomeafavorandtakethesebookstomyoffice? —yes,______. A.withpleasure B.Icould C.mypleasure D.forpleasure參考答案：A18.Heopenedthedoor,________somebooksinhishandandwentintothekitchen.A.took B.taken C.held D.holding參考答案：D試題分析：考查分詞做狀語。本句中動(dòng)詞open和gointo...是并列謂語，holdsomebooks與openthedoor是同時(shí)發(fā)生的事情，且holdsomebooks與he構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以使用現(xiàn)在分詞短語做狀語。句意：手里拿著一些書，他打開門，走進(jìn)了廚房。故D正確?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】一、時(shí)間狀語

Hearingthenews,hejumpedforjoy.聽了這消息時(shí)高興得跳了起來。

Askedwhohewas,hemadenoreply.當(dāng)問到他是誰時(shí)，他沒作回答。

上面兩句中的分詞短語均用作時(shí)間狀語，均可改為時(shí)間狀語從句，其中現(xiàn)在分詞短語hearingthenews相當(dāng)于whenheheardthenews，過去分詞短語askedwhohewas相當(dāng)于whenhewasaskedwhohewas。二、原因狀語

BeingsickIstayedathome.我因病呆在家中。

Muchdiscouraged，shemovedontoLondon.她很沮喪，搬到了倫敦。

兩句中的分詞短語均用作原因狀語，其中現(xiàn)在分詞短語beingsick相當(dāng)于ashewassick，過去分詞短語muchdiscourage相當(dāng)于asshewasdiscouraged。三、條件狀語

Workinghard,youwillsucceed.如果努力工作，你就可以成功。

Comparedwithyou,Istillhavealongwaytogo.跟你比較起來，我還差得很遠(yuǎn)呢。

兩句中的分詞短語均用作條件狀語，其中第一句中的現(xiàn)在分詞短語workinghard相當(dāng)于ifyouworkhard，第二句中的comparedwithyou相當(dāng)于ifIwascomparedwithyou。四、讓步狀語

Althoughlivingmilesaway,henevercamelate.雖然住在幾英里以外，他從未遲到。

Defeated,heremainedapopularboxer.雖然被擊敗了，他仍是一個(gè)受歡迎的拳擊手。

兩句中的分詞短短語均表示讓步，含有“雖然”“盡管”之意，其中第一句中的althoughlivingmilesaway相當(dāng)于althoughhelivedmilesaway；第二句中的defeated相當(dāng)于thoughhewasdefeated。五、方式狀語

Hemadealotofmoneysellingwastematerials.他靠賣廢料賺了不少錢。

I’mreturningyouletterasrequested.我按要求給你退信。

第一句中的現(xiàn)在分詞短語sellingwastematerials表示方式，相當(dāng)于bysellingwastematerials；第二句的asrequested也表示方式，相當(dāng)于asitisrequired。六、伴隨狀語

HewaslyingonthesofawatchingTV.他躺在沙發(fā)上看電視。

Hecamein,followedbyhiswife.他走了進(jìn)來，后面跟著他的妻子。

兩句中的分詞短語均表示伴隨，第一句中的watchingTV伴隨謂語動(dòng)作waslying同時(shí)進(jìn)行；第二句中的followedbyhiswife伴隨謂語動(dòng)作camein同時(shí)發(fā)生。七、結(jié)果狀語

Ifell,strikingmyheadagainstthedoor.我摔倒在地，頭撞到門上。

Hedied,leavinghiswifewithfivechildren.他死了，留下他妻子和五個(gè)孩子。兩句中的strikingmyheadagainstthedoor和leavinghiswifewithfivechildren均為結(jié)果狀語，分別表示“摔倒”和“死”所帶來的結(jié)果。二、書面表達(dá)19.書面表達(dá)（滿分15分）4月23日是“世界讀書日”（WorldReadingDay），假如你是班長，請(qǐng)你起草一份倡儀書，號(hào)召全班同學(xué)以實(shí)際行動(dòng)迎接“世界讀書日”的到來，為創(chuàng)建“書香校園”，多讀書、讀好書，養(yǎng)成課外讀書的好習(xí)慣。字?jǐn)?shù)100左右。倡儀書應(yīng)包括以下內(nèi)容：1．現(xiàn)狀（看電視、上網(wǎng)時(shí)間更多）2．列舉一些閱讀的好處；(豐富知識(shí)，完善自我等)3．建議每位同學(xué)每學(xué)期至少讀1—2本好書。開頭已給，不計(jì)入詞數(shù)。Goodmorning!Boysandgirls,__Asweknow,WorldReadingDaywhichfallsonApril23rdisdrawingnear.Thepurposeoftheglobalfestivalistopromotereadingandpublishing._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________參考答案：20.調(diào)查表明，有許多青少年有不吃早餐的習(xí)慣。請(qǐng)根據(jù)表格內(nèi)容用英語寫一篇短文。原因晚上學(xué)習(xí)太晚，早上起得遲；用吃早餐的錢去上網(wǎng)玩游戲；一些女孩為保持苗條身材常不吃早餐。結(jié)果不利于身體健康；上課時(shí)想睡覺；影響記憶力和學(xué)習(xí)成績。建議早餐不可少，它能提供全天所需能量的30%。青少年健康應(yīng)從早餐開始。注意：1.不要逐條翻譯，可適當(dāng)增加情節(jié)，使內(nèi)容連貫。2.詞數(shù)100左右；3.參考詞匯：苗條的：slim能量：energy。Asurveyshowsthatmanystudentsdonothavebreakfast.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________參考答案：Asurveyshowsthatmanystudentsdonothavebreakfast.Therearedifferentreasonsforthis.Somestudentsstudylateintothenightandgetuplate,sothereisnotenoughtimetohavebreakfast.SomestudentsdonothavebreakfasttosavemoneytoplaygamesontheInternet.Besides,somegirlswanttostayslimandoftengotoschoolwithoutbreakfast.Ifteenagersoftendon'thavebreakfast,itisbadfortheirhealth.Theywillfeelsleepyinclass.Itwillhavebadeffectsontheirmemoriesandstudies.Infact,breakfastplaysanimportantpart.Itcanprovideuswith30%oftheenergythatthebodyneedsthewholeday.Tokeepfit,teenagersshouldstarttheirdaywitharegularbreakfast.這是一篇提綱作文，要求根據(jù)表格內(nèi)容用英文寫一篇短文，包括學(xué)生不吃早餐的原因，結(jié)果以及提出相應(yīng)的建議。應(yīng)根據(jù)表格所列提綱，靈活運(yùn)用不同的句式，適當(dāng)增加情節(jié)，是文章表達(dá)流暢，結(jié)構(gòu)層次突出。此篇文章應(yīng)主要包括三部分內(nèi)容：學(xué)生不吃早餐的原因：晚上學(xué)習(xí)太晚，早上起得遲；用吃早餐的錢去上網(wǎng)玩游戲；一些女孩為保持苗條身材常不吃早餐學(xué)生不吃早餐的后果：不利于身體健康；上課時(shí)想睡覺；影響記憶力和學(xué)習(xí)成績提出相應(yīng)建議：早餐不可少，它能提供全天所需能量的30%。青少年健康應(yīng)從早餐開始寫作時(shí)應(yīng)注意本文是基于調(diào)差報(bào)告來寫的，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，注意語態(tài)。【范文亮點(diǎn)】結(jié)構(gòu)層次分明，第一段用一句話總結(jié)調(diào)差報(bào)告結(jié)果，第二段緊接著闡明原因，說出后果，最后一段說明早餐的重要性并對(duì)學(xué)生提出建議。連接詞使用自然，使文章表達(dá)清晰連貫。闡明原因時(shí)用“somestudents……somestudents……besides……”三個(gè)緊密連接的句子表達(dá)，使文意表達(dá)清晰自然流暢。三、閱讀理解21.Peoplerealizethat,althoughanimalsmaynothavethesameintelligenceashumanbeings,theyaresmartenoughtolearncertainthings.Dogsareextremelyusefulascompanionsforblindpeople.Whenadoghasbeenproperlytrained,hewillalwaysleadhisblindmasterintherightdirectionandkeephimoutofdanger.Forexample,seeing-eyedogslearnnevertocrossabusyroadwhencarsarecoming,eveniftheirmasterorderedthemtodoso.Horsesarealsoabletolearnmanythings.Horsesthatareusedforguardorpolicedutymustlearnnevertobefrightenedofnoises,traffic,andotherdisturbances.Racinghorsesareabletorunmuchfasterthanotherhorses,buttheyarealsoquitehighstrung(易緊張).Therefore,itisnecessaryforthosepeoplewhotrainthemtobeverypatientandunderstanding.Themovingpicturesandtelevisioncanusetrainedanimalstoo.Someanimals,suchasmonkeysandfoxes,areeasytofilm.Allyouhavetodoismakeatrailinfrontofthecamerabydraggingsomethingthatsmellsgoodtotheanimalsovertheground.Biganimals,suchaslionsandtigers,canbephotographedastheyboundhappilybacktotheirfamiliesanddinner.Ifamovieactorisnearby,thewell-trainedanimalwillpaynoattentiontohim.However,theaudiencemayimaginethattheactorescapedaterribledeathbytheskinofhisteeth.60.Dogswhohelpblindpeoplemustlearn

.

A.toobeyallorders

B.toobeyonlysafeorders

C.nevertocrossroads

D.tocrossroadwhenorderedtodoso61.Racehorsesarehardtotrainbecausetheyare

A.fasterthanotherhorses

B.smallerthanotherhorses

C.cleverthanotherhorse

D.morenervousthanotherhorses62.Whatdoes“makeatrail”meanhereinthelastparagraph?

A.placesomethingtoattracttheanimal

B.givetheanimalacertaintask

C.ordertheanimaltodothings

D.followtheanimaltohunt參考答案：60-62BDA22.Alittlesocialsupportfromyourbestbudsgoesalongway,whetheryou’reahumanorachimpanzee(黑猩猩).AnewstudythatfollowedachimpanzeecommunityintheforestsofUgandahasfoundthatqualitytimewithclosecompanionssignificantlydecreasedstresshormonelevelsintheprimates—whethertheywereresting,groomingorfacingoffagainstrivalgroups.Thefindings,describedthisweekinthejournalNatureCommunications,shedlightonthephysiologicaleffectsofclosecompanionshipinchimpanzees—andcouldhaveimplicationsforhumanhealthtoo.Researchershavelongknownthatstresscanworsenhealthandraisetheriskofearlydeathinhumansaswellasothersocialmammals.“Itcanhaveeffectsonimmunefunction,cardiofunction,fertility,cognition,andevenyourmood,”saidstudycoauthorKevinLangergraber,aprimatologistatArizonaStateUniversity.Maintainingclosesocialbondscanhelptheseanimals(humansincluded)reducesomeofthatstress,potentiallyminimizingsomehealthrisks.Butscientistshaveyettopindowntheexactphysiologicalmechanismsatwork.“Socialbondsmakeyousurviveandproducebetter—buthowdotheydothat?”Langergrabersaid.Tofindout,theinternationalteamofresearchersstudiedmembersoftheSonsochimpanzeecommunityinUganda’sBudongoForest,agroupconsistingof15males,35femalesand28juvenilesandinfantsduringthestudyperiodfromFebruary2008toJuly2010.Likehumans,chimpanzeestendtohavebesties—bondpartnerswithwhomtheyappeartofeelclose.Theresearcherswantedtoseewhetherinteractionswiththesebondpartnersledtolowerstresslevelsduringparticularlystressfulsituations,suchaswhenfightingrivalgroups,orwhethertimespentwithfriendshelpedlowerstresslevelsmoregenerally,throughouttheday.Thescientistsobservedthechimpsperformthreetypesofactivities:resting,groomingorquarrellingwithothergroupsofchimps.Theresearcherskepttrackofwhetherthechimpsweredoinganyofthesethreethingswiththeirbondpartnersorwithotherchimpsintheirgroup.Ateamofuptosixobserverswatchedthechimpsandfolloweddiemaroundtocollecturine(尿液)samples.Thesamples,collectedfromnineadultmaleandeightadultfemalechimps,weretestedtoseehowmuchofthestresshormonecortisol(荷爾蒙皮質(zhì)醇)theycontained.Thescientistsfoundthatchimpanzees’levelsofurinarycortisolwere23%lower,onaverage,duringtheactivitieswhentheywerewiththeirbondpartner.Thiswasespeciallytrueforstressfulactivities,suchastheintergrouprivalries,wherean