高考英語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞用法詳解學(xué)案設(shè)計(jì)

/8高考英語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞用法詳解I.動(dòng)名詞具有名詞和動(dòng)詞的特征，可以帶有自己的賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)。動(dòng)名詞可以作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)。主動(dòng)被動(dòng)基本式doing/notdoingbeingdone完成式havingdonehavingbeendone1、作主語(yǔ)表示比較抽象，或者泛指習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，或表示說(shuō)話者對(duì)所述動(dòng)作有過(guò)經(jīng)驗(yàn)或多次做過(guò)。Swimmingismyfavoritesport.Collectinginformationisveryimportanttobusinessman.Readingbooksmakesonewise.讀書(shū)使人明智。Listening,speaking,readingandwritingaretheimportantthingsyoumustdoinlearningaforeignlanguage.注：動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)，有時(shí)先用it作形式主語(yǔ)，把動(dòng)名詞置于句末。這種用法以下句型中常用。It'snouse/nogood/useless/notanyuse/notanygood+(sb's)doing.??It'snousewatchingtoomuchTV.It'snogoodtalkingtohim.It'snousecryingoverspiltmilk.(覆水難收)Itisawasteoftime+doing???It'sawasteoftimetryingtotalktoherwhensheisinabadmood.Itisfun+doing…Itisfunplayingwithchildren.和孩子們一起玩真好2、作表語(yǔ)僅限于表示工作、任務(wù)等抽象名詞表示主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)涵。Herjobisteaching.WhatIhatemostisbeinglaughedat.Teachingislearning.教學(xué)相長(zhǎng)。3、作賓語(yǔ)表示一般的、抽象的、經(jīng)常性的行為。Icouldn'triskmissingthattrain.Theywentonwalkingandneverstoppedtalking.他們繼續(xù)走，說(shuō)個(gè)不停。Jimdislikeseatingchocolate.列動(dòng)詞后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)admit,advise,allow,appreciate,avoid,ban,confess,consider,delay,deny,dislike,endure,enjoy,ensure,escape,excuse,feellike,finish,forbid,forgive,giveup,imagine,involve,include,keep,mention,mind,miss,permit,postpone,practice,quit,recommend,report,resist,risk,suggest,tolerate,understand,can'thelp(禁不住),can'tresist(忍不住)+doingIadmittedbreakingthewindow.WeareconsideringmovingtoSeattle.Wouldyoumindopeningthewindow.Haveyoufinishedreadingthebook?(1)以上黑體單詞可用于“動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+doing”結(jié)構(gòu)。Ican'timagineJessicawearingthatdress.(2)allow,permit,forbid,advise,recommend,encourage,+doingsth.+sb.todosth.Wedon'tallowsmokingher.Wedon'tallowstudentstosmokehere.Irecommendtakingaholiday.Irecommendyoutotakingaholiday.(3)need,require,want(需要)deserve(應(yīng)得)+doingsth.+tobedoneThewindowneeds/requires/wantscleaning(tobecleaned).Hedeservedhanging/tobehanged.(4)在excuse,forgive,pardon后接動(dòng)名詞時(shí)，通常在動(dòng)名詞前加上形容詞性物主代詞，也可接賓格人稱(chēng)代詞+for+v-ing.Forgivemyopeningyourletterbymistake.Forgivemeforopeningyourletterbymistake.做介詞賓語(yǔ)用在介詞構(gòu)成的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)后：goondoing,giveupdoing,feellikedoing,thinkofdoing,insistondoing,sticktodoingIfyouinsistonleavingnow,pleasegoahead.Ilookforwardtohearingfromyouinthenearfuture.用在“be+形容詞+介詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)后begoodatdoing,befondofdoing,beafraidofdoing,beproudofdoing等。Sheisgoodatdescribingthingsorexpressingideas.IamveryproudofbeingavolunteerinAIDSpreventionprograms.用在“及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+介詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)后prevent.??fTomdoing,keep???fTomdoing,stop???(fTom)doing,protect.??fTomdoing.thank???fbrdoing

Mrs.Browndevotedherselftohelpinghomelesschildren.Shewaspraisedofdoingherhomeworkwell.某些介詞構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)后，接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。Wereturnedtotheparkinthehopeoffindingherwallet.（5）常接名詞或動(dòng)名詞的帶to的介詞短語(yǔ)（這些短語(yǔ)中的to不是不定式符號(hào)）beaccustomedtobedevotedto獻(xiàn)身于befamiliartobeopposedto反對(duì)berelatedto與…有關(guān)besubjectedto遭受到becommittedto答應(yīng)；有義務(wù)beequalto能勝任beopento愿意接受bereducedto淪為，降為besentencedto被判刑beusedtoadmitto承認(rèn)amountto等于cometobeaccustomedtobedevotedto獻(xiàn)身于befamiliartobeopposedto反對(duì)berelatedto與…有關(guān)besubjectedto遭受到becommittedto答應(yīng)；有義務(wù)beequalto能勝任beopento愿意接受bereducedto淪為，降為besentencedto被判刑beusedtoadmitto承認(rèn)amountto等于cometo談至Udevoteoneselfto獻(xiàn)身于getdownto著手做giveone'smindto專(zhuān)心于inadditionto除…外lookupto尊敬lookforwardto盼望objectto反對(duì)respondto作出反應(yīng)standupto勇敢面對(duì)sayyes/noto同意/不同意turnto求助于動(dòng)詞-ing形式作介詞賓語(yǔ)-beafraidof害怕-befondof喜歡-beinterestedin對(duì).??…感興趣-giveup放棄-be/getusedto習(xí)慣于-hearof聽(tīng)說(shuō)-devote...to...把……奉獻(xiàn)給-succeedin成功-lookforwardto盼望-prevent...ftom...阻止-spend...(in)花??做某事-betiredof厭煩-beengagedin從事于-begoodat擅長(zhǎng)于-besentencedto被宣判-persistin堅(jiān)持-dependon依靠-feellike想要-beproudof為自豪-insiston堅(jiān)持-setabout開(kāi)始-stop...ftom...避免-thinkof想到■4、作定語(yǔ)說(shuō)明該名詞的功用或與之有關(guān)的動(dòng)作。Thisisawashingmachine.asmilingface笑臉aleadingfigure領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人物awritingdeskasmokingroomawalkingstickafightingpost5、動(dòng)名詞的慣用句型：主語(yǔ)+havetrouble/difficulty/aproblem/astruggle/agoodtime/fun/headaches+(in)+動(dòng)詞-ing形式>Doyouhaveanydifficulty(in)understandingspokenEnglish?主語(yǔ)+spendtime/money+(in)+動(dòng)詞-ing形式haveahard/goodtime主語(yǔ)+spendalotoftime(in)+doinglostnotime(立即做)Ispenttwohours(in)writingmycomposition.Whenwearrivedwelostnotimeinfindingahotel.主語(yǔ)+bebusy+(in)+動(dòng)詞-ing形式Theyarebusy(in)preparingfortheexamination.Thereisno/nopoint結(jié)構(gòu)Thereisno+doing根本不可能Thereisnopoint/notmuchpoint+(in)doing'沒(méi)有意義"Thereisnojokingaboutthematter.Thereisnotellingwhatwillhappen.Thereisnopointarguingwiththem.dosome/much/alotof/any+cooking,cleaning,reading,sewing,shopping,washing,sightseeing常接一些表示室內(nèi)活動(dòng)的詞goswimming/boating/shopping/climbing/dancing/jogging/sailing/skating/skiing/surfing常接一些表示運(yùn)動(dòng)或休閑的動(dòng)名詞小試牛刀：(play)loudmusicinpublicisagainstthelawintheUK.(do)wellinaninterviewwillbeanimportantpartofgettingaplaceatuniversity.(kick)awetfootballcanhurtyourfootifyouarenotcareful.(expose)tosunlightfortoomuchtimewilldoharmtoone'sskin.Eugene'sneverwillingtoalteranyofhisopinions.It'snouse(argue)withhim.Somethingassimpleas(drink)somecoldwatermayclearyourmindandrelievepressure.It'snouse(complain)withouttakingaction.Mr.Reedmadeuphismindtodevoteallhehadto(set)upsomeschoolsforpoorchildren.InsomepartsofLondon,missingabusmeans(wait)foranotherhour.Accustomedto(climb)thesteepmountains,hehadnodifficultyreachingthetop.Allthestaffinourcompanyareconsidering(go)tothecitycentreforthefashionshowAsanewdrive,Ihavetopractice(park)thecarinmysmallgarageagainandagain.Ireallyappreciate(have)timetorelaxwithyouonthisniceislandThepresident's(attend)themeetinghimselfgavethemagreatdealofencouragement.AccordingtoarecentU.S.survey,childrenspentupto25hoursaweek(watch)TV.Hegotwell-preparedforthejobinterview,forhecouldn'trisk(lose)thegoodopportunity.Billsuggested(hold)ameetingonwhattodofortheShanghaiExpoduringthevacation.Ihadgreatdifficulty(find)thesuitablefoodonthemenuinthatrestaurant.Ihearthey'vepromotedTom,buthedidn'tmentionhavingbeenpromoted(promote)whenwetalkedonthephone.Playing,2.doing,3.kicking,4.beingexposed,5.arguing,6.drinking,7.complaining,8Setting,9waiting,10climbing,11going,12parking,13having,14attending,15watching,16losing,17holding,18finding,19havingbeenpromoted.4)動(dòng)詞-ing的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)形容詞性物主代詞或名詞所有格+動(dòng)詞-ing形式，這種結(jié)構(gòu)稱(chēng)為動(dòng)詞-ing形式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。在這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中，物主代詞或名詞所有格是動(dòng)詞-ing形式的邏輯主語(yǔ)。這種結(jié)構(gòu)在句中常作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。Doyoumindmysmoking?Yourgoingtherewillhelpalot.IrememberWeiFang'sgoingthere.如果不是在句子開(kāi)頭，這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)?？梢杂妹~的普通格(或人稱(chēng)代詞的賓格)，這比用所有格更自然些。Idon'tmindXiaoLi(him)going.LaoLi'sgoingwon'tbeofmuchhelp.(LaoLi'sgoing作主語(yǔ)，因此不能用普通格來(lái)替代所有格)Hesuggestedmestayingforlunch.綜合練習(xí)：Itisnousemenottoworry。A)youtellB)yourtellingC)foryoutohavetoldD)havingtoldIremembertohelpusifweevergotintrouble。A)onceofferingB)himonceofferingC)himtoofferD)toofferhimIdon'tlikeatme。A)themlaughingB)theirlaughC)themlaughD)themtohavelaughedAfter(leave)hisgovernmentserviceasalawyer,hecreatedmanyfamouscompositions.Livinginrooms(equip)withairconditioners,manypeopledon'tevenfeelthechangesintheseason.equippedTherewereabout90talksgivenbyauthors,withanaudiencequestion-and-answerperiod(follow)eachtalk.followingWiththeeyesofthesportnowfirmly(focus)onAsia,Icanseeseveraloftheworld'sTop10comingfromAsiaandseveralmoreglobaltournamentshostedthereby2020focused8.In2012Iwasfoundtohavedevelopedlungdisease．(believe)mycareerwasover,Ifeltextremelylow．BelievingWalkingtowardsthefrontdoorwenoticedagentleman(stand)atoneside.standing(go)alittleway,wesawbeforeus,atthedistanceofabouthalfamile,averylargestonebuilding,withahighwallroundit,neitherfieldnortreenear.Havinggone/Going11．Forexample,plantsgrowinginareaswithlowrainfallorareas(expose)todrywindrequiremorewater.exposedTheboymadenoresponse,(sit)therewithhismouthhangingopen,wide-eyed.sittingAustralia,firstly(turn)intoacolonybyEnglishprisoners,wasunliketheUnitedStates,anditseconomicdevelopmentwasinwheatgrowingandsheepraising.turnedYoucanalwaysgetyourwritings(check)byreviewersatDailyThemesbeforeyoushareitonotherchannels.checked15.OnenightwhenIwalkedaloneonthebeach,Isawtheredorangelava(火山巖)(pour)outofKilaueaVolcanointhedistance.Itwastimetolivemyimagination!pouring評(píng)論家有關(guān)影響市政建設(shè)因素的評(píng)論對(duì)政府的最終決策有很大的影響。(impact)現(xiàn)在有越來(lái)越多的人認(rèn)為過(guò)分的追求時(shí)尚其實(shí)是放棄了自己的選擇的自由(argue)商家制造的一年一度的消費(fèi)節(jié)為老百姓提供了花小錢(qián)買(mǎi)高質(zhì)商品的機(jī)會(huì)。(provide)漢語(yǔ)是世界上最難的語(yǔ)言之一，學(xué)習(xí)這種語(yǔ)言的人就會(huì)很快發(fā)現(xiàn)自己遇到了挑戰(zhàn)。(challenge)Thecritics'commentonthefactorsinfluencingthecityconstructionhaveagreatimpactonthegovernment'sfinaldecision.Nowdays,anincreasingnumberofpeoplearguethatseekingfashiontoomuchisequaltoabandoningone'sfreedomofchoice.Theannualspendingholidayproducedbymerchantsprovidescommonpeoplewithachancetobuyhigh-qualitygoodsatlowprices.Chinese/TheChineselanguageisoneofthemostdifficult/hardestlanguagesintheworldand/sopeople(whoare)learningit/wholearnitquickly/soonfindthemselveschallenged/thattheysoonmeeta/thechallenge.背誦內(nèi)容：Lastyear,mytotalincome,withmyrewardaddedto,addedupto15,000yuan,whichwasnotinproportiontowhatIdid.去年我的總收入，加上獎(jiǎng)金，總計(jì)為一萬(wàn)五千元，這與我的付出不成正比。Thesedesignersarediscussinghowtodoublethescaleoftheparksothatmorepeoplecanenterandrelaxthemselvesatweekends.設(shè)計(jì)師們正在討論如何使公園的規(guī)模翻一番以便更多的人可以在周末游園休閑。Theretiredministerwholikesexcursionlivesaloneinamountainvillage,buthedoesn'tfeellonelybecausehehasmadefriendswithhisdigitalcamera.退休的部長(zhǎng)喜歡遠(yuǎn)足，他獨(dú)自一人住在一個(gè)偏僻的山村里，但并不覺(jué)得孤獨(dú)，因?yàn)樗袛?shù)碼相機(jī)為伴?！狣avidhasmadesodistinctprogressinEnglishrecentlythathecanspeakEnglishfluently.—Sohehas,andsohaveyou.CongratulationsonbeingenrolledinHarvardUniversity.—最近David英語(yǔ)進(jìn)步如此之快，他現(xiàn)在能流利地說(shuō)英語(yǔ)了。—他確實(shí)進(jìn)步很大，你也是；祝賀你被哈佛大學(xué)錄用。25.Accordingtoyourlanguageability,wecanrecommend3levelsofcoursesrangingfromelementary,intermediatetoadvanced.根據(jù)你的語(yǔ)言水平，我們向你推薦3種課程，分別為初級(jí)、中級(jí)和高級(jí)。26.Thisrespectableexpertsaidhewouldratheracceptarespectfulstudentwhowasnottemporarilysuccessfulinhisstudythanatopstudentwhodidn'tknowhowtorespectothers.這位受人尊敬的專(zhuān)家表示，他寧可招收一名有禮貌但學(xué)習(xí)上還不太成功的學(xué)生，也不接受一個(gè)不知如何尊重他人的優(yōu)等生。27.Theexpertswilltaketheamateur'sadviceintoacacnodutnhtendecidetoadoptitornotintheautomaticheatingsystem.專(zhuān)家們會(huì)考慮下這個(gè)業(yè)余愛(ài)好者的建議然后決定是否在自動(dòng)加熱系統(tǒng)中采用這個(gè)建議。28.Electronicgamesdon'thavemanyeffectsonadultsbutaffectstudentsagreatdeal;therefore,manyparentsmakeeffortstolimittheirchildren'splayingtime.電子游戲?qū)Τ赡耆擞绊懖淮螅菍?duì)學(xué)生影響很大。所以許多家長(zhǎng)努力限制孩子的游戲時(shí)間。29.Afterseeingplentyofsolidevidence,thegreedythiefhadnoalternativebuttoacknowledgethatitwashethatstolethegoldwatch.在看見(jiàn)了許多的鐵證之后，這個(gè)貪婪的賊不得不承認(rèn)是他偷了金表。30.Afterthecommitteedeclaresthattheticketsfortheconcertareavailabletothepublic,manypeoplearewillingtowaitinalongqueuetobuyone.在委員會(huì)宣布音樂(lè)會(huì)門(mén)票對(duì)公眾開(kāi)放之后，很多人心甘情愿排長(zhǎng)隊(duì)買(mǎi)票。31.Regardlessofhispartner'sobjection,hestilldeterminedtoapplyforthepositionofmanagerbecauseheknewhowtoapplythecommercialtheorytothereality.不顧他伙伴的反對(duì)，他仍決定申請(qǐng)經(jīng)理這個(gè)崗位，因?yàn)樗廊绾螌⑸虡I(yè)理論應(yīng)用到實(shí)際中去。32.Bycontrast,beforesigningthecontract,thisuniversitystudentdidn'tcontacthisparentsbutmakecontactwithhisnewcolleague.相反，在簽署合同之前，這個(gè)大學(xué)生沒(méi)有聯(lián)系他的父母而是聯(lián)系了他的新同事。33.Hewaspermittedtopracticethepianonomorethanonehourada