版權(quán)說(shuō)明:本文檔由用戶提供并上傳,收益歸屬內(nèi)容提供方,若內(nèi)容存在侵權(quán),請(qǐng)進(jìn)行舉報(bào)或認(rèn)領(lǐng)
文檔簡(jiǎn)介
[模擬]考研英語(yǔ)模擬291
多項(xiàng)選擇
Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumbered
blankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET1.(10points)
Mostofusareunawareofourownmanagementstyle,letalonethose
ofourcolleagues.—1_aleadingpsychologist,temperamentplacesa
signatureorthumbprintoneachofouractions._2_temperament,
managerscanbedividedintofourgroups.
FirstistheTroubleshooter.His_3_areboldness,bravery,
endurance,andcleverness.Heisgoodat_4_firesandstraightening
things_5_.Helovestotakerisksandsolvecrises.Butheresents_6_
howtoworkandisnotverygoodatfollowing_7_agreements.Thesecond
istheTraditionalist.Astabilizerandconsolidator,hisabilities_8—
establishingpolicies,schedules,regulationsandhierarchy.Heis_9_
whenhecanplanhiswork.Butheestablishesaformal,impersonalstyle
indealingwithcolleaguesuntilheiswell_10_withthem.Thethird
istheConceptualiser.Heuseshisintellectto_11_complexities,to
getmodelsontopaper.Heisthearchitectofchangeandhisfocusison
possibility.Sinceheismoreinvolved_12_thecreativeprocess,he
prefersotherstotake_13_execution.ThelastistheCatalyst.Heis
personaland_14_.Hehastheabilitytodrawoutthebestinpeople
asheis_15_people-oriented.Heexcelsattheheadofdemocratically
runorganization.Butheletsotherpeople,s_16_eatupmuchofhis
time.Heisliable_17_makedecisions_18_hispersonallikesand
dislikes_19_whatisbestfortheorganization.
Tobeawareofthesetemperamentsistoappreciatethat
differencesareneitherflawsnorafflictions.Understandingthiscan
leadtoavoidingmuchmutual_20_andenhancingrelationshipwith
businessassociatesandcolleagues.
A.Asto
B.Accordingto
C.Asfor
D.Intermsof
參考答案:B
答案解析:
1
句意要求Accordingto,即根據(jù)一位重要心理學(xué)家的看法,人們的性情影響人
們的一切行動(dòng)。語(yǔ)義正確。Asto和Asfor詞義相近:至于,涉及到;interms
of依照,依據(jù),三者都與句意不符。
第2題:
A.Basedon
B.Judgedfrom
C.Embeddedin
D.Rootedin
參考答案:A
答案解析:
句意要求Basedon,即管理者依據(jù)其性格不同可分為四類。judgedfrom(依
據(jù)來(lái)判斷);Embeddedin和Rootedin詞義相近:根深蒂固于,三者皆不
合句意。
第3題:
A.attributes
B.attitudes
C.altitudes
D.latitudes
參考答案:A
答案解析:
注意區(qū)分:attributes(品格);attitudes(態(tài)度);altitudes(高度);latitudes
(緯度),四個(gè)詞外表有點(diǎn)相似,但詞義差別甚大,句意分析,選用attributes
是對(duì)的:解決麻煩的能手的大膽勇敢、忍耐是其品格特征。
第4題:
A.settingon
B.turningon
C.puttingup
D.puttingout
參考答案:D
答案解析:
句中fire暗示答案是Puttingoutfire,直譯是滅火,意譯是解決問(wèn)題,此處
正是用的這種詞義。seton著手,動(dòng)身;turnon開;putup舉起,掛起。
第5題:
A.out
B.away
C.aside
D.over
2
參考答案:A
答案解析:
straightenout是詞組,表示解決、整頓、清理;away,aside,over都不與
straighten連用,英語(yǔ)中有straightenup,也表示清理,整頓。句意要求
straightenout:處理麻煩的能手善于解決問(wèn)題,善于把事情處理得有條有理。
第6題:
A.totell
B.telling
C.beingtold
D.havingtold
參考答案:C
答案解析:
resent(憎惡)后邊常跟動(dòng)名詞,此外,本句中,需要被動(dòng)形式的動(dòng)名詞,這兩
個(gè)條件決定只有beingtold可選,符合句意:處理困難的能手憎惡別人告訴他
如何去工作。
第7題:
A.through
B.on
C.up
D.about
參考答案:A
答案解析:
句中follow(ing)暗示要選through,因?yàn)閒ollowthrough是詞組,表示貫徹
執(zhí)行,貫徹到底。句意為:處理麻煩的能手非常不善于貫徹執(zhí)行一致作出的決定。
第8題:
A.relyon
B.liein
C.composeof
D.lieon
參考答案:B
答案解析:
relyon和lieon意思接近,依靠;composeof應(yīng)改為becomposedof故僅有
liein可用。句意為:傳統(tǒng)主義者的能力在于能夠制定政策和各種規(guī)定。
第9題:
A.onthetop
B.inhisprimeyears
3
C.atthebottom
D.athisbest
參考答案:D
答案解析:
onthetop應(yīng)改成onthetopof(在...上面,止匕夕卜)才對(duì):inhisprimeyears
(在其最重要的年代);atthebottom(實(shí)際上),后二者都與句意不符,只
有athisbest可用:傳統(tǒng)主義者在規(guī)劃工作時(shí)狀態(tài)最佳。
第10題:
A.identified
B.distinguished
C.recognized
D.acquainted
參考答案:D
答案解析:
句中介詞with暗示應(yīng)選acquainted,因?yàn)槭谴钆洌鳾A],[B],[D]三個(gè)動(dòng)詞
皆不與with搭配。bewellacquaintedwith與...非常熟悉,非常了解。
第11題:
A.embarkon
B.figureout
C.workat
D.figureon
參考答案:B
答案解析:
figureon(計(jì)劃,指望);embarkon(從事,著手);workat從事,研究。
句中complexities暗示答案是figureout。意思是:概念主義者利用其才智去
解決復(fù)雜問(wèn)題。
第12題:
A.at
B.into
C.in
D.by
參考答案:C
答案解析:
句中involved暗示答案是介詞in,heinvolvedin(陷入,獻(xiàn)身于)是動(dòng)詞搭
配,也符合句意:更多地參與創(chuàng)新過(guò)程。at,into,by等介詞均不與involve
搭配。
4
第13題:
A.over
B.up
C.on
D.for
參考答案:A
答案解析:
注意分辯:takeover(接管);takeup(開始作,占據(jù));takeon(承擔(dān),
采納);takefor(把...誤認(rèn)為,把....當(dāng)作),從句意分析,應(yīng)選takeover;
由于他(概念主義者)更多的參與創(chuàng)新過(guò)程,因此,只希望別人承擔(dān)去干就行了。
第14題:
A.personable
B.private
C.personnel
D.intimate
參考答案:A
答案解析:
句意要求Personable:這種善于用熱情和語(yǔ)言打動(dòng)他人的人是有個(gè)性的、有風(fēng)
度的人。注意不要混淆personnel(全體人員:人事部)。
第15題:
A.partially
B.primarily
C.promptly
D.uniquely
參考答案:B
答案解析:
beprimarilypeople-oriented(以人為本的),符合句意:由于能以人為本,
所以他能使人們處于最佳狀態(tài)。
第16題:
A.privileges
B.promotions
C.priorities
D.emotions
參考答案:C
答案解析:
上下文要求選擇priorities,前一句講,這種人辦事民主,即讓他人講話,發(fā)
表意見,接下來(lái),他人的這種權(quán)力就消耗了他很多時(shí)間,即發(fā)揚(yáng)民主后要集中,
5
要集中就得花費(fèi)時(shí)間。
第17題:
A.for
B.of
C.to
D.with
參考答案:C
答案解析:
句中beliable暗示要選to,beliabletodosth.,表示:常常會(huì)做...。
句意為:這種人(指有感染力的人)常常會(huì)做決定。注意,beliablefor表示:
對(duì)...負(fù)責(zé),后邊也不能跟動(dòng)詞,故排除,而of,with不與liable連用。
第18題:
A.withrelationto
B.inspiteof
C.asto
D.onthebasisof
參考答案:D
答案解析:
句意要求:根據(jù)個(gè)人的好惡。所以,不能用withrelationto(與...相關(guān))
或inspiteof(不顧)或asto(關(guān)于)。
第19題:
A.morethan
B.ratherthan
C.instead
D.inplaceof
參考答案:B
答案解析:
morethan(多于,大于),instead不能用,應(yīng)是insteadof(what),inplace
of(代替),與句意不符,故只有ratherthan可選,句意為:這種人常常按照
個(gè)人好惡而不是根據(jù)公司最高利益做決定。
第20題:
A.aggravation
B.gravity
C.aggression
D.intensity
參考答案:A
6
答案解析:
句意要求aggravation,“了解這一點(diǎn)有助于避免相互間關(guān)系惡化,并改善商業(yè)
合作和同事間的關(guān)系”。gravity(重力),aggression(侵略),intensity
(強(qiáng)度),顯然這三個(gè)詞無(wú)法用于句中。
多項(xiàng)選擇
Althoughnooneiscertainwhymigrationoccurs,thereareseveral
theories.OnetheoryclaimsthatprehistoricbirdsoftheNorthern
HemispherewereforcedsouthduringtheIceAge.Astheglaciersmelted,
thebirdscamebacktotheirhomelands,spentthesummer,andthenwent
southagainastheiceadvancedinwinter.Intime,themigrationbecame
ahabitinspiteofthedisappearanceofglaciers.
Anothertheoryproposesthattheancestralhomeofallmodern
birdswasthetropics.Whentheregionbecameoverpopulated,manyspecies
werecrowdednorth.Duringthesummer,therewasplentyoffood,butduring
thewinter,scarcityforcedthemtoreturntothetropics.
Amorerecenttheorysuggestsarelationshipbetweenincreasing
daylightandthestimulationofcertainglands(腺)inthebirds'bodies
thatmaypreparethemformigration.Onescientisthasbeenabletocause
midwintermigrationsbyexposingbirdstoartificialperiodsofdaylight.
Hehasconcludedthatchangesoccurinthebodiesofbirdsduetoseasonal
changesinthelengthofdaylight.
第21題:
Accordingtoonetheory,whentheglaciersdisappeared,birds.
A.stoppedmigrating
B.continuedmigrating
C.stayedinthenorth
D.migratedsouthandstayedthere
參考答案:B
答案解析:
注釋:本題考查對(duì)文中細(xì)節(jié)的理解,題干里的theglaciersdisappeared是關(guān)
鍵詞語(yǔ),依據(jù)是首段最后一句中的themigrationbecameahabitinspiteof
thedisappearanceofglacierso
第22題:
Theauthorstatesthatbirdsliftthetropicsbecause
A.therewasnotenoughfoodthereinthewinter
B.thereweretoomanybirds
7
C.thereweretoomanyglaciers
D.therewastoomuchdaylight
參考答案:B
答案解析:
注釋:本題依據(jù)是第二段前兩句,關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)是。verpopulated,意思是“數(shù)量過(guò)
3夕/”o
第23題:
Whydidonescientistexposebirdstoartificialdaylight?
A.Totesttherelationshipbetweendaylightandadiseaseoftheglands
commontobirds
B.Totesttherelationshipbetweendaylightandmigration
C.Totesttherelationshipbetweenmigrationandtemperature
D.Totesttherelationshipbetweendaylightandchangesintheseason
參考答案:B
答案解析:
注釋:本題依據(jù)是第三段首句,關(guān)鍵部分是arelationshipbetweenincreasing
daylightand...maypreparethemformigration。
第24題:
Accordingtothetheoryofphoto-periodism,.
A.birdsshouldmigrateinthemiddleofthewinter
B.longerdayscausechangesinthebodiesofbirds
C.seasonalchangesinthelengthofdaysdonotaffectmigration
D.increasingdaylightincreasesthedistanceofmigration
參考答案:B
答案解析:
注釋:本題解答依據(jù)在最后一句changesoccurinthebodiesofbirdsdueto
seasonalchangesinthelengthofdaylight,即“日照時(shí)間的季節(jié)性變化會(huì)
造成鳥類身體生理變化"由此推斷白天不論長(zhǎng)還是短的變化都可能引起鳥類體
內(nèi)變化。故B.longerdayscausechangesinthebodiesofbirds正確。
第25題:
Thispassagesupportsthebeliefthat.
A.exactreasonsformigrationarenotknown
B.birdsmigratebecauseofchangesintemperature
C.theancestralhomeofallbirdswasthetropics
D.glacierscausedbirdstomigrate
參考答案:A
答案解析:
8
注釋:本題考查應(yīng)試者對(duì)作者態(tài)度的理解,文章客觀地介紹了關(guān)于候鳥遷徙的觀
,點(diǎn),全篇除了首句Althoughnooneiscertainwhymigrationoccurs,...,其
他地方并沒(méi)有表露作者觀點(diǎn)。所以只能從這兒得出結(jié)論:exactreasonsfor
migrationarenotknowno
WhenIarrivedatafewminutesbeforeseven,Ifoundtheplatoon
assembledandreadytogo.Itwascold,andintheranksthemenwere
shiveringanddancingupanddowntokeepwarm.Iwasonlythe
second-in-commandoftheplatoonatthattime,underinstructionfroma
seniorlieutenant,whowastheplatooncommander.PunctuallyatsevenI
saidtoBroadhurst,“Marchoff,Sergeant,Totheaerodrome,atthedouble.”
Broadhurstaskeddoubtfullywhetherweshouldn,twaitforthe
platooncommander,whohadnotturnup.Unversedinthewaysofthearmy,
Isaid,“No,marchoff.Themenarecold."Wedoubledoff.
Threeorfourminuteslatertheplatooncommander,whohadabout
fourteenyearsofservice,appeared.Hewasinatoweringrage.Herushed
straightuptoBroadhurstandaskedhimfuriouslywhathemeantbymarching
offwithoutpermission.
Broadhurstsaid,"I'nisorry,sir.”
Myfeetwouldn,tmove.Mymouthwouldn,topen.Imadeagigantic
effortandsaid,"Sir—"ButthelieutenanthadgivenBroadhurstafinal
blastandtakencommand.IlookedatBroadhurst,buthewasbusy.After
paradeIapologizedtohim,butIneverexplainedtothelieutenant.
Broadhursttoldmetheincidentwasn,tworthworryingabout.
ItwastheworstthingthatIeverdidinthearmy,becausein
itIshowedcowardiceanddisloyalty.TheonlyexcusesIcouldfindfor
myselfwerethatithappenedquicklyandthatIwasveryyoung.Ithad
aresult,though.Ihadbeenfrightenedofthelieutenant,frightenedof
beingreprimanded,frightenedoffailureeveninthesmallestendeavor.
Idiscoverednowthatbeingashamedofyourselfisworsethananyfear.
Duty,orders,loyalty,obedience-allthingsboileddowntoonesingle
idea:Whatevertheconsequences,amanmustactsothathecanlivewith
himself.
第26題:
Thenarratorprobablygavetheordertomarchoffbecausehe
A.wantedachancetoshowhisauthority
B.wasconsiderateofthetroops
C.secretlywantedBroadhursttoreceiveareprimand
D.wantedtobeingoodfavorwiththetroop
9
參考答案:B
答案解析:
[B]意為:為士兵們著想。第一段指出,當(dāng)作者七點(diǎn)前到達(dá)的時(shí)候,士兵
們已經(jīng)排好了隊(duì)待命出發(fā)了,天氣很冷,隊(duì)里的每個(gè)人都打著寒戰(zhàn),上下跳動(dòng)著
驅(qū)寒,所以,他七點(diǎn)鐘時(shí)準(zhǔn)時(shí)發(fā)出了出發(fā)的命令;在第二段,上士問(wèn)作者是否等
排長(zhǎng)來(lái)了再走,作為副排長(zhǎng)的他回答道:不等了,出發(fā),士兵們都太冷了??梢?
他是因?yàn)榭蓱z士兵們才不等排長(zhǎng)到來(lái)就下命令出發(fā)的。
第27題:
Whichstatementcanmostsafelybemadeabouttheplatooncommander?
A.Herefusedtogivethenarratoranyinstructions.
B.HegavecommandofthetroopstoBroadhurst.
C.Heexpectedhissubordinatestoexecuteordersontheirown.
D.Heobservedarmycustomstotheletter.
參考答案:B
答案解析:
[B]意為:他將部隊(duì)交給了布洛德赫斯特指揮(言外之意,根本沒(méi)把副排長(zhǎng)放在
眼里)。在第二段中,當(dāng)作者向他下達(dá)出發(fā)的命令時(shí),布洛德赫斯特產(chǎn)
生了猶豫,排長(zhǎng)來(lái)后又直接質(zhì)問(wèn)他為什么(自己沒(méi)有來(lái)就)下達(dá)出發(fā)的命令(第
三段);訓(xùn)斥完布洛德赫斯特后,排長(zhǎng)下令出發(fā)??梢姡砰L(zhǎng)沒(méi)將指揮權(quán)交給作
者,來(lái)后也根本沒(méi)理睬作者。
第28題:
Itismostprobablethatbeforethisepisodetookplace.
A.planshadbeenmadeforthetroopstomarch
B.thenarratorhadnotbeentoldthetimeofdeparture
C.thenarratorhadgivenseveralotherincorrectorders
D.theplatooncommanderhadreliedgreatlyuponthenarrator
參考答案:A
答案解析:
[A]意為:已安排好了部隊(duì)什么時(shí)候出發(fā)。從第一段可以推測(cè)出,部隊(duì)
原定于七點(diǎn)出發(fā)。
第29題:
Thenarratordidn,tsayanythingwhentheplatooncommandershoutedat
Broadhurstprobablybecause.
A.hehadjustarrivedandthecommanderdidn'tknowhim
B.hewasatalosswhatwashappening
C.hewastooafraidtosayanythingatthetime
D.thecommanderdidn'tgivehimachancetotalk
參考答案:C
io
答案解析:
[C]在最后一段,作者對(duì)這個(gè)事件進(jìn)行了自省,其中提到了自己的膽怯
(cowardice)。參閱第5題題解。
第30題:
Thetitlethatbestexpressesthemainideaofthispassageis
A.LivingintheArmy
B.AFriendinNeed
C.ALessonLearned
D.YouthandDuty
參考答案:C
答案解析:
[C]意為:一次教訓(xùn)。作者在最后一段對(duì)這次經(jīng)歷進(jìn)行了總結(jié),認(rèn)為,這
是他在當(dāng)兵期間做的最糟糕的事,因?yàn)樵谶@件事上,他表現(xiàn)出懦弱、不誠(chéng)實(shí)。他
能為自己找到的惟一理由是:事情發(fā)生在瞬間,來(lái)不及理智地反應(yīng);或者,自己
當(dāng)時(shí)還年輕。但是,無(wú)論怎樣解釋,結(jié)果是擺在那兒了。他現(xiàn)在感到,自慚形穢
是最糟糕的心理,責(zé)任、命令、誠(chéng)實(shí)、服從一一所有這一切可以歸做一點(diǎn):無(wú)論
結(jié)果如何,人必須學(xué)會(huì)原諒自己的過(guò)失。可見,他從這次經(jīng)歷中得出不少教訓(xùn)I。
Everyyear,nearlyamillion12-to-19-year-oldsaremurdered,robbed,
orassaulted一manybetheirpeers一andthenumberofteensarrestedfor
murderhasincreasedashocking85percentsince1987,reportsBarbara
Kantrowitzin“WildintheStreets”,Newsweek*scoverstoryforAugust
2,1993.Althoughthegrowingproblemofyouthviolenceisfartoocomplex
foranyonesolution.Teachingyoungpeopleconflictresolutionskills,
thatis,nonviolenttechniquesforresolvingdisputesseemstohelp.To
reduceyouthviolence,conflictresolutionskillsshouldbetaughttoall
childrenbeforetheyreachjuniorhighschool.
Firstandmostimportant,youngpeopleneedtolearnnonviolent
waysofdealingwithconflict.Inadangeroussocietywheregunsare
readilyavailable,manyyoungstersfeeltheyhavenochoicebuttorespond
toaninsultoranargumentwithviolence.Iftheyhavegrownupseeing
familymembersandneighborsreacttostresswithverbalorphysical
violence,theymaynotknowthatotherchoicesexist.RobertSteinback,
aMiamiHeraldcolumnistwhoworkswithatriskyouthinMiami,writes
thatbehaviorlikecarryingaweaponorrefusingtobackdowngivesyoung
people“theillusionofcontrolv,butwhattheydesperatelyneedisto
learnrealcontrol一forexample,whenprovoked,towalkawayfromafight.
Next,conflictresolutionprogramshavebeenshowntoreduce
violentincidentsandempoweryoungpeopleinahealthyway.Manyprograms
andcoursesaroundthecountryareteachingpreteensandteenstowork
throughdisagreementswithoutviolence.Toolsincludecalmlytelling
one'sownsideofthestoryandlisteningtotheotherpersonwithout
11
interruptingorblaming-skillsthatmanyadultsdon,thave!Conflict
Busters,aLosAngelespublicschoolprogram,startsinthethirdgrade;
ittrainsstudentstobemediators,helpingpeersfindtheirownsolutions
toconflictsrangingfrom"sandboxfightstointerracialgangdisputes”,
accordingtoNewsweek.SchoolsinClaremont,Connecticut,runaconflict
resolutioncoursewrittenbyDr.LuzRivera,whosaidinaphoneinterview
thatfewerviolentschoolincidentshavebeenreportedsincethecourse
began.[1]Although!conflictresolutionisusefulatanyage,experts
agreethatstudentsshouldfirstbeexposedbeforetheyarehitbythe
doublejoltsofhormonesandjuniorhighschool.
Finally,althoughopponentsclaimthatthisisa“Band-Aid”
solutionthatdoesnotaddresstherootcausesofteenviolence一poverty,
troubledfamilies,badschools,anddrugs,tonameafew一infact
resolutiontrainingsaveslivesnow.[2]Thelargersocialissuesmust
beaddressed,buttheywilltakeyearstosolve,whereasteachingstudents
newattitudesand“peopleskillsvwillempowerthemimmediatelyandserve
themforalifetime.Althoughitisjustonesolutionamongmany,this
solutiontapsintogreatpower;thehearts,minds,andcharactersofyoung
people.
(510words)
1.assault[v.]突襲,突擊[同義]attack,onset,onslaught,
aggression
2.nonviolent[n.]非暴力的
3.columnist[nJ專欄作家
4.jolt[v.]震搖[同義]shake,shock
into兌進(jìn)
[聽力原文]
參考譯文
每年有將近100萬(wàn)12到19歲的孩子遭到攻擊、搶劫或者被謀殺,而這些
事件多數(shù)是他們的同齡人干的。因犯謀殺罪而被拘留的10來(lái)歲的孩子竟比1987
年增加了85%。這是BarbaraKantrowitz在《新聞周刊》1993年8月2號(hào)刊的
封面新聞《野蠻的街道》中報(bào)道的。盡管青少年暴力現(xiàn)象的增長(zhǎng)情況非常復(fù)雜,
不是單獨(dú)一種方法就能解決的。教會(huì)青年人化解沖突的技巧,即用非暴力手段解
決爭(zhēng)端還是有用的。為減少青少年暴力,應(yīng)該在孩子升入初中前教給他們化解沖
突的技巧。
首先,同時(shí)也是最重要的是:青年人要學(xué)會(huì)非暴力地解決沖突。在這個(gè)槍
支隨處可見的危險(xiǎn)社會(huì)里,許多青少年感到除了用暴力回答侮辱和爭(zhēng)吵外,他們
別無(wú)選擇。如果他們?cè)谝粋€(gè)一有緊張就會(huì)發(fā)生爭(zhēng)吵或打斗的家庭或鄰里長(zhǎng)大,他
們或許不知道還有其他的解決方法。以問(wèn)題青少年為工作對(duì)象的邁阿密《先驅(qū)報(bào)》
12
專欄作家RobertSteinback寫道,拿把武器或者拒絕讓步給年輕人一種“幻想
中的控制”的感覺(jué),但他們迫切需要學(xué)會(huì)真正控制局面一一比如受到挑釁時(shí)應(yīng)該
走開進(jìn)而避免打斗。
另外,化解沖突的節(jié)目已被播出,旨在減少暴力事件并使青年學(xué)會(huì)健康的
解決方式。遍及全國(guó)的節(jié)目及課程正教育青少年以非暴力方式解決問(wèn)題。這些手
段包括平靜的解釋自己的情況并且傾聽對(duì)方的情況,而且不要打斷或指責(zé)對(duì)方一
一這是甚至一些中年人也不會(huì)的技巧。據(jù)《新聞周刊》報(bào)道,洛杉磯一所公立學(xué)
校從三年級(jí)就開設(shè)了名為“沖突終結(jié)者”,以訓(xùn)練學(xué)生成為調(diào)停人,學(xué)會(huì)幫助同
齡人找到解決沖突一一從雞毛蒜皮到種族問(wèn)題的爭(zhēng)端一一的辦法。康涅狄格州的
克萊蒙市的學(xué)校正在開設(shè)一門由LuzRivera博士編寫的如何解決沖突的課程。
在電話采訪中,LuzRivera博士說(shuō):自課程開始以來(lái),報(bào)道的暴力事件已開始
下降。盡管矛盾解決技巧能適用于任何年齡段,但專家們認(rèn)為學(xué)生們應(yīng)該在經(jīng)受
荷爾蒙和初中階段問(wèn)題困擾之前就受到這方面的教育。
最后,盡管有人反對(duì)說(shuō):這是一種“權(quán)宜式”的幫助,它不能解決青少年
暴力的根本原因一一貧窮、糟糕的家庭背景、差勁的學(xué)校以及毒品等因素。但這
種訓(xùn)練確實(shí)挽救了不少性命。這些重要的社會(huì)問(wèn)題理應(yīng)得到重視,但解決它們要
花很多時(shí)間,而教會(huì)學(xué)生新的態(tài)度和待人處事的方法則會(huì)起到“立竿見影”的效
果,并且對(duì)他們一生都有好處。盡管現(xiàn)存方法只是諸多方法中的一種,但這種方
法對(duì)青少年的心靈和性格都產(chǎn)生了巨大的觸動(dòng)。
第31題:
Itimpliedinthefirstparagraphthat
A.youthviolencewilldisappearaslongasyoungpeoplearetaught
conflictresolutionskills.
B.”wildinthestreetsvwasanarticleaimingatteachingyoungpeople
complicateresolutionskills.
C.therateofyouthviolencewillkeepincreasing.
D.toteachyoungpeopleconflictresolutionskillscan,tbetheonly
certaincureforyouthviolence.
參考答案:D
答案解析:
本題是推理判斷題,答案見第一段中Althoughthegrowingproblem...seemsto
help一句。
第32題:
Youngpeopleresorttoviolenceforallofthefollowingreasonsexcept
A.theyarefollowingsuitafterseeingviolencebehaviorsfrompeople
aroundthem.
B.thereisnobetterwaytoreacttoinsultsanddisputes.
C.theyhaveeasyaccesstoguns.
D.theyfeelempoweredbyusingviolence.
參考答案:B
答案解析:
13
本題是正誤判斷題,用排除法根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容排除[A],[C],[D]。
第33題:
Theauthorcomplainsinthethirdparagraphthat
A.youngpeopleintoday'ssocietyhavetoomuchpower.
B.therearenotenoughcoursesteachingyoungpeopletosolve
conflictsinapeacefulway.
C.somegrown-upsdon,tknowhowtosettledisputesinanonviolent
way.
D.studentsareexposedtoviolenceinsociety.
參考答案:C
答案解析:
本題是細(xì)節(jié)題。第三段介紹了Toolsinclude...,并指出這些是skillsthatmany
adultsdon,thave。
第34題:
Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardconflictresolutionskills?
A.HeregardsitaBand-Aidresolution.
B.Hethinksthatittakeslongertimetocomeintoeffect.
C.Heholdsthatitsnegativesideoverweighsitpositiveside.
D.Hethinksthatitexertsfavorableinfluenceonyoungsters.
參考答案:D
答案解析:
本題是細(xì)節(jié)題,最后一段可見作者對(duì)conflictresolutionskills的看法。見
Thelargersocialissues...一句。
第35題:
Whatistheauthor'stoneinwritingthisarticle?
A.Biased.
B.Neutral.
C.Matter-of-fact.
D.Objective.
參考答案:A
答案解析:
本題是作者語(yǔ)氣題,跟第4題是相關(guān)聯(lián)的,作者對(duì)conflictresolutionskills
持肯定態(tài)度,故選A。
Recentyearshavebroughtminority-ownedbusinessinUnitedStates
unprecedentedopportunitiesaswellasnewandsignificantrisks.Civil
rightsactivistshavelongarguedthatoneoftheprincipalreasonswhy
Blacks,Hispanics,andotherminoritygroupshavedifficultyestablishing
14
themselvesinbusinessisthattheylackaccesstothesizableordersand
subcontractsthataregeneratedbylargecompanies.NowCongress,in
apparentagreement,hasrequiredbylawthatbusinessesawardedfederal
contractsofmorethan$500,000dotheirbesttofindminority
subcontractorsandrecordtheireffortstodosoonformsfiledwiththe
government.Indeed,somefederalandlocalagencieshavegonesofaras
tosetspecificpercentagegoalsforapportioningpartsofpublicworks
contractstominorityenterprises.
Corporateresponseappearstohavebeensubstantial.According
tofigurescollectedin1977,thetotalofcorporatecontractswith
minoritybusinessesrosefrom$77millionin1972to$1.1billionin
1977.Theprojectedtotalofcorporatecontractswithminoritybusinesses
fortheearly1980,sisestimatedtoheover$3billionperyearwith
noletupanticipatedinthenextdecade.
Promisingasitisforminoritybusinesses,thisincreased
patronageposeddangersforthem,too.First,minorityfirmsrisk
expandingtoofastandoverextendingthemselvesfinancially,sincemost
aresmallconcernsand,unlikelargebusinesses,theyoftenneedtomake
substantialinvestmentsinnewplants,staff,equipmentinorderto
performworksubcontractedtothem.If,thereafter,theirsubcontracts
areforsomereasonreduced,suchfirmscanfacepotentiallycrippling
fixedexpenses.Theworldofcorporatepurchasingcanbefrustratingfor
smallentrepreneurswhogetrequestsforelaborateformalestimatesand
bids.Bothconsumevaluabletimeandresources,andasmallcompany,s
effortsmustsoonresultinorders,orboththemoraleandthefinancial
healthofthebusinesswillsuffer.
AsecondriskisthatWhite-ownedcompaniesmayseektocash
inontheincreasingapportionmentsthroughformationofjointventures
withminority-ownedconcerns.Ofcourse,inmanyinstancesthereare
legitimatereasonsforjointventuresclearly,Whiteandminority
enterprisescanteamuptoacquirebusinessthatneithercouldacquire
alone.Butcivilrightsgroupsandminoritybusinessownershave
complainedtoCongressaboutminoritiesbeingsetupas^fronts^withWhite
backing,ratherthanbeingacceptedasfullpartnersinlegitimatejoint
ventures.
Third,aminorityenterprisethatsecuresthebusinessofone
largecorporatecustomeroftenrunsthedangerofbecoming一and
remaining一dependent.Eveninthebestofcircumstances,fierce
competitionfromlarger,moreestablishedcompaniesmakesitdifficult
forsmallconcernstobroadentheircustomerbases;whensuchfirmshave
nearlyguaranteedordersfromasinglecorporatebenefactor,theymay
trulyhavetostruggleagainstcomplacencyarisingfromtheircurrent
success.
15
第36題:
Theprimarypurposeofthetextisto
A.presentacommonplaceideaanditsinaccuracies.
B.describeasituationanditspotentialdrawbacks.
C.proposeatemporarysolutiontoaproblem.
D.analyzeafrequentsourceofdisagreement.
參考答案:B
答案解析:
[B]討論少數(shù)民族企業(yè)的處境與潛在的問(wèn)題。第一段第一句講:近幾年來(lái),美國(guó)
的少數(shù)民族企業(yè)具有空前的發(fā)展機(jī)遇,但同時(shí)也存在著新的、巨大的危機(jī)。第3、
4兩句又講,現(xiàn)在國(guó)會(huì)已同意,根據(jù)法律少數(shù)民族企業(yè)可獲得50萬(wàn)元以上的訂
單,的確,某些聯(lián)邦和地方機(jī)構(gòu)為少數(shù)民族企業(yè)確定了一定百分比的定單。第二
段用具體數(shù)字說(shuō)明:根據(jù)1997年的數(shù)字,1972年少數(shù)民族企業(yè)得到的合同數(shù)值
為七千七百萬(wàn)美元,到1977年,就增加到1億1千萬(wàn)美元。預(yù)計(jì)到1980年初期,
每年可達(dá)到3億美元。盡管現(xiàn)狀很好,前景又光明,但是仍存在三個(gè)大問(wèn)題,即
后邊講的risk,由此可見,本文中心議題是研討少數(shù)民族企業(yè)的現(xiàn)狀及存在的
問(wèn)題的。[A]關(guān)于少數(shù)民族的一般狀況及其不確定性。[C]提出暫時(shí)解決問(wèn)題的
辦法。[D]分析經(jīng)常存在的分歧。
第37題:
Thewordupatronagevinthirdparagraphmightmean
A.support.
B.appointment.
C.treatment.
D.patrimony.
參考答案:A
答案解析:
[A]patronage在本文中相當(dāng)于support支持,保護(hù),培植。請(qǐng)看該句內(nèi)容:看
起來(lái),少數(shù)民族企業(yè)前景光明,但是,日益增長(zhǎng)的支持對(duì)它們來(lái)講也出現(xiàn)了危機(jī),
其后具體分析了三種危機(jī)。[B]任命,選派。[C]處理,解決。[D]世襲財(cái)產(chǎn),傳
統(tǒng)。
第38題:
Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat,comparedwiththerequirementof
law,thepercentagegoalssetby“somefederalandlocalagencies”(in
Line7)are
A.morepopularwithlargecorporations.
B.morespecific.
16
C.lesscontroversial.
D.lessexpensivetoenforce.
參考答案:B
答案解析:
[B]某些聯(lián)邦和地方機(jī)構(gòu)所確定(為少數(shù)民族企業(yè))的百分比指標(biāo)更加明確具體。
這是道推論題,答案可參
溫馨提示
- 1. 本站所有資源如無(wú)特殊說(shuō)明,都需要本地電腦安裝OFFICE2007和PDF閱讀器。圖紙軟件為CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.壓縮文件請(qǐng)下載最新的WinRAR軟件解壓。
- 2. 本站的文檔不包含任何第三方提供的附件圖紙等,如果需要附件,請(qǐng)聯(lián)系上傳者。文件的所有權(quán)益歸上傳用戶所有。
- 3. 本站RAR壓縮包中若帶圖紙,網(wǎng)頁(yè)內(nèi)容里面會(huì)有圖紙預(yù)覽,若沒(méi)有圖紙預(yù)覽就沒(méi)有圖紙。
- 4. 未經(jīng)權(quán)益所有人同意不得將文件中的內(nèi)容挪作商業(yè)或盈利用途。
- 5. 人人文庫(kù)網(wǎng)僅提供信息存儲(chǔ)空間,僅對(duì)用戶上傳內(nèi)容的表現(xiàn)方式做保護(hù)處理,對(duì)用戶上傳分享的文檔內(nèi)容本身不做任何修改或編輯,并不能對(duì)任何下載內(nèi)容負(fù)責(zé)。
- 6. 下載文件中如有侵權(quán)或不適當(dāng)內(nèi)容,請(qǐng)與我們聯(lián)系,我們立即糾正。
- 7. 本站不保證下載資源的準(zhǔn)確性、安全性和完整性, 同時(shí)也不承擔(dān)用戶因使用這些下載資源對(duì)自己和他人造成任何形式的傷害或損失。
最新文檔
- 2024年度年福建省高校教師資格證之高等教育學(xué)題庫(kù)練習(xí)試卷B卷附答案
- 2024年度山西省高校教師資格證之高等教育法規(guī)綜合練習(xí)試卷B卷附答案
- 2023年眼鏡類產(chǎn)品及其零部件和眼鏡盒資金需求報(bào)告
- 第41章 氨基甙類抗生素課件
- 社區(qū)消防安全集中除患攻堅(jiān)大整治工作總結(jié)
- 運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)入場(chǎng)式方案
- 2024年拍賣交易協(xié)議模板集錦
- 2024年設(shè)計(jì)師服務(wù)結(jié)束協(xié)議模板
- 2024年度防洪排水項(xiàng)目施工協(xié)議
- 2024年勞動(dòng)協(xié)議格式與條款匯編
- 2024年新人教版七年級(jí)上冊(cè)數(shù)學(xué)教學(xué)課件 4.2 整式的加法與減法 第2課時(shí) 去括號(hào)
- 高校實(shí)驗(yàn)室安全通識(shí)課學(xué)習(xí)通超星期末考試答案章節(jié)答案2024年
- 2024年秋季新人教版七年級(jí)上冊(cè)生物全冊(cè)教案設(shè)計(jì)
- 《2023級(jí)學(xué)生手冊(cè)》獎(jiǎng)、懲資助、文明部分學(xué)習(xí)通超星期末考試答案章節(jié)答案2024年
- 第15課 兩次鴉片戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng) 教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì) 高中歷史統(tǒng)編版(2019)必修中外歷史綱要上冊(cè)+
- 期末知識(shí)點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí) 2024-2025學(xué)年統(tǒng)編版語(yǔ)文九年級(jí)上冊(cè)
- 《江蘇省一年級(jí)上學(xué)期數(shù)學(xué)第二單元試卷》
- 上海市普通高中學(xué)業(yè)水平合格性考試地理基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)提綱
- 廢舊風(fēng)機(jī)葉片循環(huán)利用項(xiàng)目可行性研究報(bào)告-積極穩(wěn)妥推進(jìn)碳達(dá)峰碳中和
- 中國(guó)人工智能系列白皮書一元宇宙技術(shù)(2024 版)
- 《甘肅省中醫(yī)康復(fù)中心建設(shè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(2021版)》
評(píng)論
0/150
提交評(píng)論