高中英語選修8北師大版課件：Unit22-EnvironmentalProtection22-1課件

Warm-up&Lesson1

GlobalWarming一二三四五六Pre-reading一、將下列每幅圖片表示的人類面臨的威脅的名稱與選項(xiàng)搭配起來

1.Thefirstpictureismainlyabout

.

2.Thesecondpictureismainlyabout

.

3.Thethirdpictureismainlyabout

.

4.Thefourthpictureismainlyabout

.

A.drought

B.globalwarmingC.poverty D.endangeredanimalsDACB一二三四五六二、釋義搭配1.trap

a.therelationofplantsandlivingcreaturestoeachotherandtotheirsurroundings2.ecology b.anexpertwhogivesadvice3.principle c.tokeepsb.inadangerousplaceorbadsituationfromwhichitishardtoescape4.conservationd.aruleorstandardespeciallyofgoodbehavior5.consultant e.theactofkeepingsth.frombeingwastedorlost6.threaten f.totreatthingsthathavealreadybeenusedsothattheycanbeusedagain7.recycle g.tosaythatyouwillcausesomeonepain,unhappiness,ortroubleiftheydonotdowhatyouwant8.coincidence h.topubliclysupportawayofdoingsth.9.corrupt i.asurprisingandunexpectedsituationinwhichtwothingsthatareconnectedhappenatthesametime,orinthesameplace,ortothesamepeople10.advocate j.touseyourpowerinadishonestorillegalwayinordertogetanadvantageforyourself一二三四五六答案:1.c

2.a

3.d

4.e

5.b

6.g

7.f

8.i

9.j

10.h一二三四五六三、短語互譯1.對……有害

2.在過去的幾十年里

3.超出……的控制,不受……的控制

4.加快速度

5.展望未來

6.提及,參考

7.依次,輪流

8.把……加起來

beharmfulto

in/during/overthelast/pastfewdecades

beyondone’scontrol

speedup

lookahead

referto

inturn

addup

一二三四五六9.atrisk

10.anumberof

11.pumpinto

12.leadto

13.asaresultof

14.takeaction

15.switchoff

16.aheadof

有危險(xiǎn),處于危險(xiǎn)中

一些,許多,大量的

注入

引起,導(dǎo)致

由于,因?yàn)?/p>

采取行動

關(guān)掉

在……前面一二三四五六While-reading四、根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容選擇正確答案1.Themainpurposeofthefirstparagraphis

.

A.tointroducethetopicofglobalwarmingtothereadersB.toremindthereadersofhumanactivitiesinthepastC.tointroducethegreatesttroubleinthefutureD.tomentiontheprocessofglobalwarminginhistory2.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutgreenhousegases?A.Greenhousegaseswillonlydousharm.B.Greenhousegasesdomoreharmthangoodtohumans.C.Greenhousegasesdomoregoodthanharmtohumans.D.PropergreenhousegasesarequitenecessarytotheEarth.AD一二三四五六3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedastheresultofglobalwarming?A.Typhoons.

B.Seriousdiseases.C.Polaricemelting. D.Heatwaves.4.Whichistheproperorderofthefollowingdisasters?A.globalwarming→floodingislandsandcities→raisingsealevels→polaricemeltingB.polaricemelting→globalwarming→raisingsealevels→floodingislandsandcitiesC.raisingsealevels→globalwarming→polaricemelting→floodingislandsandcitiesD.globalwarming→polaricemelting→raisingsealevels→floodingislandsandcitiesAD一二三四五六5.Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A.TheUSAshouldplayanimportantpartinreducingcarbondioxide.B.Everyoneshouldtryhisbesttosaveenergyandreducecarbondioxide.C.Wemuststudyhardandoftendoexperiments.D.Itissuggestedthatthepupilsshouldturnoffthelights.B一二三五六四五、根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容回答下列問題1.Whatisglobalwarming?答案:GlobalwarmingreferstoanaverageincreaseintheEarth’stemperaturethatleadstoclimatechange.2.Whathumanactivitiesarecausingglobalwarming?答案:Increasedindustry,agriculture,thecuttingdownofforests,theincreaseintransportandtheburningoffuelsarecausingglobalwarming.3.Byhowmuchhastheglobalaveragetemperatureincreasedinthelast100years?答案:By1℉(onedegreeFahrenheit).一二三五六四4.AregreenhousegasesnecessaryforlifeonEarth?答案:Yes,theyare.BecausetheytrapheatfromthesunintheEarth’satmosphere.OtherwisetheEarthwouldbecoldandimpossibletoliveon.5.Howcanwehelpsolvetheproblemofglobalwarming?答案:Wecanmakesmallchangesliketakingpublictransport,recycling,usinglow-flowshowerheads,andbuyingenergy-efficientlightbulbstohelpsolveglobalwarming.Evenwecandosomesimplethingslikeusingrecycledpaperorswitchingoffthelightswhenweleavearoom.一二三五六四Post-reading六、閱讀課文將下面表格補(bǔ)充完整warmingtemperaturebecausesituationeffectsrising一二三五六四Governmentsreduceproducedchanges12356478109111.Because

of

the

greenhouse

effect,the

Earth

is

warmed

by

gases

trapped

in

the

atmosphere.由于溫室效應(yīng),滯留在大氣層的氣體使地球變暖。剖析trappedintheatmosphere是過去分詞短語作后置定語,修飾gases?？键c(diǎn)trapvt.使困住Afiltertrapsdustfromtheair.過濾網(wǎng)可存住空氣中的塵埃。Theliftbrokedownandweweretrappedinside.電梯出故障了,我們被困在里面。【高考典句】Theponyhadactuallybeentrappedbetweentworocks.實(shí)際上這匹小馬駒已被困在了兩塊巖石之間。歸納

be

trapped

in...意為“被困在……”。1235647810911By

cleverquestioning,theytrapped

him

into

making

a

confession.他們用巧妙的提問誘使他招認(rèn)了。That

trap

is

intended

for

you.那個圈套是為你而設(shè)的。To

get

rid

of

the

poverty

trap,they

need

help

from

the

government.為了擺脫貧困的處境,他們需要政府的幫助。歸納

trap

用作動詞,還可以表示“誘騙,使陷入困境”,trap

o

doing

sth.表示“誘騙某人做某事”;trap還可以用作名詞,表示“圈套”和“困境”。僅供學(xué)習(xí)交流?。?！1235647810911活學(xué)活用語法填空(1)

(trap)inthesnowstorm,thedrivercalled110andhewasrescuedintheend.

(2)Iwastrapped

signingacontract.

Trappedinto12356478109112.Looking

ahead,scientists

believe

that

global

warming

could

be

one

of

the

biggest

environmental

problems

facing

the

21st

century.展望未來,科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為,全球變暖可能是21世紀(jì)人類面臨的最嚴(yán)重的環(huán)境問題之一。剖析Lookingahead是動詞-ing形式在句中作狀語,和句子的主語scientists之間是主謂關(guān)系。動詞believe的后面是一個賓語從句。賓語從句中的facingthe21stcentury在句中作定語,修飾前面的名詞environmentalproblems。lookahead展望未來Looking

ahead,weexpectchangestobemadeinthesystemofeducation.展望未來,我們期待對教育體制進(jìn)行改革。Wemustlook

aheadbeforewemakeadecision.我們做出決定之前必須想得遠(yuǎn)一點(diǎn)。1235647810911活學(xué)活用語法填空(1)Tomlentmethemoney,

(hope)thatI’ddoasmuchforhim.

(2)It’sbeenatoughyear,buttheWhitesarelooking

tothefuture.

hopingahead12356478109113.But

what

exactly

is

global

warming,why

is

it

seen

as

a

danger,and

how

is

it

relevant

to

our

lives?但是,確切地說,什么是全球變暖?為什么把它視為一種危險(xiǎn)?它如何與我們的生活相關(guān)呢?考點(diǎn)relevantadj.有關(guān)的Apaperrelevanttothisresearchwaspublishedbyhim.與本研究相關(guān)的一篇論文是他發(fā)表的?！靖呖嫉渚洹縈oreover,IcompletedtheseniorcourseofComputerBasics,plusfiverelevantpre-collegecourses.此外,我完成了計(jì)算機(jī)基礎(chǔ)的高級課程,加上五門相關(guān)的大學(xué)預(yù)科課程。歸納

be

relevant

to

表示“與……有關(guān)”。1235647810911relevance

n.關(guān)聯(lián);相關(guān)性have

relevance

to...與……有關(guān)have

no

relevance

to...=have

nothing

to

do

with...與……無關(guān)活學(xué)活用同義句轉(zhuǎn)換(1)Thisyoungmanhadsomethingtodowiththemurder.→

語法填空(2)Themeetinghas

(relevant)tothematterinhand.

Thisyoungmanwasrelevanttothemurder.relevance12356478109114.Global

warming

refers

to

an

average

increase

in

the

Earth’s

temperature

that,in

turn,leads

to

climate

change.全球變暖指的是地球溫度平均增長,繼而導(dǎo)致氣候變化?？键c(diǎn)一referto指,意即Iwasnotreferring

toherwhenIsaidso.當(dāng)我那么說時,我并不是指她。

1235647810911(1)閱讀下列句子歸納referto

的其他含義He

referredtohisinjuryinhis

letter.他在信中提到了他的傷情。Don’t

refer

to

the

dictionary

every

time

you

come

across

a

new

word.你不要一遇到生詞就查詞典。He

is

often

referred

to

by

basketball

fans

as

“the

Little

Giant”.他常常被籃球迷們稱為“小巨人”。歸納

refer

to

還可以表示“提到”和“查閱”;refer

to

sb./sth.as意思是“稱某人/某物為……”。(2)reference

n.提及;參考You’d

better

write

down

the

phone

number

of

that

restaurant

for

future

reference.你最好寫下那個餐館的電話號碼,以供日后參考。1235647810911考點(diǎn)二inturn依次;轉(zhuǎn)而Thestudentsansweredtheteacher’squestionsin

turn.學(xué)生們依次回答老師的問題。WefoundthatHelenhadtoldTomthesecret,andhein

turnhadtoldittoHelen’ssister.我們發(fā)現(xiàn)海倫已經(jīng)告訴了湯姆那個秘密,而湯姆又將它告訴了海倫的妹妹。1235647810911與turn相關(guān)的其他短語take

turns

todosth.=taketurns

at

doing

sth.輪流做某事by

turns

輪流地;交替地turn

off

關(guān)掉,關(guān)閉;拐彎,轉(zhuǎn)入另一條路turn

on

打開,發(fā)動turn

out

生產(chǎn);結(jié)果是;出席;驅(qū)逐turn

over

移交給;翻轉(zhuǎn);營業(yè)額達(dá)到turn

in

交上;歸還;告發(fā)turn

up

(指股票、股市等)上揚(yáng),反彈;出現(xiàn);開大,調(diào)高(音量)turn

down

拒絕;調(diào)低(音量)1235647810911考點(diǎn)三leadto引起,導(dǎo)致(to是介詞)【高考典句】Thisaffectstheirnervoussystemsandabilitytoproducebabybirds,andcanlead

tokidneyfailureanddeath.這會影響它們的神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)和生育幼鳥的能力,并可能導(dǎo)致腎衰竭和死亡。【高考典句】Questioningcanlead

tosearchingforananswer.質(zhì)疑會引起對答案的探求。Suchamistakewouldperhapslead

toaterribleaccident.這樣一個錯誤可能會導(dǎo)致一場可怕的事故。1235647810911閱讀下列句子歸納lead的用法All

roads

lead

to

Rome.條條道路通羅馬。What

leads

you

to

the

conclusion

that

he

isn’t

fit

for

the

job?什么讓你得出他不適合這個工作這一結(jié)論的?He

had

led

everyone

to

believe

that

his

family

was

very

wealthy.他使得大家都相信他家境很富裕。歸納

lead

to

還可以表示“通往”;lead

sb.to...引導(dǎo)某人……;lead

sb.to

do

sth.意思是“導(dǎo)致某人做某事”。1235647810911活學(xué)活用用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空(1)Ireallydon’tknowwhathasled

thisterribleaccidentthatnight.

(2)Theterm“Arts”usuallyrefers

humanitiesandsocialsciences.

(3)Peopletrytoavoidpublictransportationdelaysbyusingtheirowncars,andthis

turncreatesfurtherproblems.

完成句子(4)Itisafoolishactto

(查閱)notesduringatestasyouwillbeseverelypunished.

(5)Thoughplasticbagsreallybroughtconveniencetous,theyalso

(導(dǎo)致)manyproblemsfortheenvironment.

totoinrefertoledto12356478109115.Without

these

naturally

occurring

gases,the

sun’s

rays

would

bounce

back

into

space

leaving

the

Earth

cold

and

impossible

to

live

on.如果沒有這些自然產(chǎn)生的氣體,太陽的光線將會被反射回太空中去,地球?qū)⑻幱诤渲?而使生物不可能在地球上存活。剖析withoutthesenaturallyoccurringgases是介詞短語作狀語,表示假設(shè),相當(dāng)于if條件句,所以主句要用虛擬語氣;leavingtheEarthcoldandimpossibletoliveon是動詞-ing

形式短語作結(jié)果狀語。Thestudentswouldliveaneasierlifewithoutexams.如果沒有考試,學(xué)生們的生活會更輕松些。Maryfailedherexams,makingherparentsveryangry.瑪麗未能通過考試,這使她父母非常生氣。1235647810911考點(diǎn)bouncevi.反彈Thefootballbouncedoffthegoalpost.足球擊中門柱反彈了出去。Thelightbouncedofftheriveranddazzledher.河面上銀波粼粼,令她目眩。1235647810911活學(xué)活用語法填空(1)Withoutyourinstruction,I

(make)nosuchgreatprogress.

(2)Hegotuplateandhurriedtohisoffice,

(leave)thebreakfastuntouched.

(3)Theboywasstandingthere,seeingtheballhitthewallandbounce

it.

wouldhavemadeleavingoff12356478109116.Over

the

last

100

years,the

global

average

temperature

has

increased

by

1°F

and

many

experts

insist

that

the

blame

for

this

global

warming

can

mostly

be

pinned

on

human

activities.在過去的100年里,全球的平均溫度增加了1華氏度,許多專家堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為,在很大程度上,人類的活動是導(dǎo)致全球變暖的重要原因。剖析that引導(dǎo)賓語從句。1235647810911考點(diǎn)一insistv.堅(jiān)持;堅(jiān)決要求;堅(jiān)決認(rèn)為Themaninsistedthatwhathehaddonewasright.那位男士堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為他做的事是正確的?！靖呖嫉渚洹縏hus,Papainsistedthatwelearnatleastonenewthingeachday.于是,父親堅(jiān)決要求我們每天至少學(xué)一點(diǎn)新東西。Theheadmasterinsistedthat500books(should)besenttothepoorpupils.校長堅(jiān)決要求把500本書送給貧困學(xué)生。歸納

insist作“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為,堅(jiān)決說”講時,賓語從句不用虛擬語氣。insist作“堅(jiān)決要求,堅(jiān)決主張”講時,賓語從句用虛擬語氣,謂語用“should+動詞原形”,should可以省略。1235647810911考點(diǎn)二pin...on...把責(zé)任加在……上;把……歸罪于……Thisaffairwillbepinned

ononeofusifwearenotcareful.如果我們不謹(jǐn)慎的話,這件事的責(zé)任就會落在我們其中一個人身上。Youcan’tpinthisonme.這事你不能怪罪我。1235647810911活學(xué)活用語法填空(1)Theoldprofessorinsistedthatwe

(leave)thebuildingatonce.

(2)Thetradeunionsarepinningtheblamefortheviolence

thegovernment.

(should)leaveon12356478109117.Given

this

data,it

seems

that

the

link

between

human

activities

and

rising

global

temperatures

is

not

merely

a

coincidence.根據(jù)這一數(shù)據(jù)推斷,人類活動與全球變暖之間的關(guān)系好像不僅僅是一個巧合。剖析

這是一個主從復(fù)合句,itseems...是主句,it是形式主語,真正的主語是thelink...isnotmerelyacoincidence;betweenhumanactivitiesandrisingglobaltemperatures是介詞短語作定語?？键c(diǎn)givenprep.考慮到;鑒于Giventhatthey’reinexperienced,they’vedoneagoodjob.考慮到他們?nèi)狈?jīng)驗(yàn),他們的工作已經(jīng)算是做得相當(dāng)不錯了。1235647810911considering

prep.考慮到seeing

that...鑒于……活學(xué)活用語法填空

(give)herage,theoldwomanisveryactiveandenergetic.

Given12356478109118.But

why

wait

around

for

governments

to

take

action?但是為什么要等待政府來采取行動呢?考點(diǎn)takeaction采取行動Youhavetotake

actionanddealwithproblemsastheyarise.你必須在問題出現(xiàn)的時候采取行動處理問題。與take相關(guān)的其他短語takeeffect見效take

notice

注意take

care小心take

office上臺take

measures

采取措施take

advantage

of利用;欺負(fù),占……的便宜1235647810911活學(xué)活用完成句子Ithinkthatitisnousecomplainingwithout

(采取行動)inthissituation.

takingaction12356478109119.Experts

advocate

that

each

person

play

their

part.專家主張每個人都發(fā)揮作用?？键c(diǎn)一advocatevt.主張,提倡Headvocateshighersalariesforworkers.他主張?zhí)岣吖と说墓べY。Iadvocatepraisingthechildrenfortheirgoodbehaviour.我主張對孩子們的良好表現(xiàn)給予表揚(yáng)。Headvocatedthatthechildren(should)takepartinsportsgames.他主張兒童應(yīng)該參加體育活動。歸納

advocate后接名詞或動詞-ing形式。advocate后接從句,從句用虛擬語氣,其謂語動詞用“should+動詞原形”,should可以省略。1235647810911考點(diǎn)二playone’spart起作用;盡責(zé)任Weallshouldplay

our

partintheenvironmentalprotection.我們都應(yīng)該為環(huán)境保護(hù)盡自己的一分力量。Womenareplaying

an

important

partinsocietytoday.婦女在當(dāng)今社會中起到重要作用。歸納

play

an

important

part

in

表示“在……中起到重要作用”。1235647810911活學(xué)活用語法填空(1)Inthatvillage,theoldpeopledon’tadvocatewomen’s

(stay)athomealldaylong.

完成句子(2)Besidesdieting,exercise

(在……方面起著重要作用)losingweight.

stayingplaysanimportantpartin123564781091110.After

all,there’s

no

substitute

for

our

Earth.畢竟,我們的地球沒有替代品?？键c(diǎn)一afterall畢竟【高考典句】

After

all,adollarwasatidysumforan11-year-oldboyin1961.畢竟,在1961年,一美元對于一個11歲的男孩來說是一筆可觀的數(shù)目。Youshouldbecharitablewithhim;he’sachildafter

all.你應(yīng)該對他寬容些,他畢竟還是個孩子。

Whyshouldn’tDaneatthecake?After

all,hebakedit.為什么丹不該吃蛋糕?不管怎么說蛋糕還是他烤的呢。1235647810911與all相關(guān)的其他短語above

all最重要的是

first

of

all首先all

in

all總的來說

in

all總共(not)at

all根本(不)1235647810911考點(diǎn)二substituten.代替品,代用品;代替者Thecourseteachesyouthetheory,butthereisnosubstituteforpracticalexperience.這門課教的是理論,但沒有任何東西能代替實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)。Paul’sfatheronlysawhimasasubstituteforhisdeadbrother.保羅的父親只是把他當(dāng)作他死去的哥哥來看待。1235647810911閱讀下列句子歸納substitute的用法【高考典句】Ifwesubstituteanumberforeachletter,themessage“Meetme”wouldread“135520135”.如果我們把每一個字母換成數(shù)字,信息“滿足我”將讀作“13

5

5

20

13

5”。She

often

substitutes

for

absent

teachers

in

their

Spanish

classes.她經(jīng)常代替缺勤的老師上西班牙語課。歸納

substitute

A

for

B表示“用A來代替B”;A

substitute

for

B表示“A代替B”。1235647810911活學(xué)活用完成句子(1)Whyareyousoanxious?Itisn’tyourproblem

(畢竟).(2)

(總的來說),itwasagreatsuccess.

(3)

(首先),youshouldknowwhatprofessionsuitsyou.

選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)亩陶Z填空(all

in

all/i