高中英語(yǔ)-閱讀七選五解題技巧-課件

閱讀七選五

byViola1閱讀七選五

byViola101題型解讀02解題關(guān)鍵03解題步驟04解題技巧Content201題型解讀02解題關(guān)鍵03解題步驟04解題技巧Conten1題型解讀31題型解讀3理解文章主旨和段落大意的能力理解文章結(jié)構(gòu)的能力理解段落和句子之間邏輯的能力題型解讀：七選五考什么4理解文章主旨和段落大意的能力理解文章結(jié)構(gòu)的能力理解段落和句子卷名體裁主題考點(diǎn)主題語(yǔ)境主題語(yǔ)境內(nèi)容細(xì)節(jié)句主旨句過(guò)渡句2020課標(biāo)全國(guó)I說(shuō)明文人與自我接受自我2122019說(shuō)明文人與自然人與環(huán)境2212018說(shuō)明文人與自我家庭生活3112017記敘文人與自我生活方式1132016說(shuō)明文人與社會(huì)創(chuàng)新技術(shù)212題型解讀：七選五怎么考5卷名體裁主題考點(diǎn)主題語(yǔ)境主題語(yǔ)境內(nèi)容細(xì)節(jié)句主旨句過(guò)渡句202卷名體裁主題考點(diǎn)主題語(yǔ)境主題語(yǔ)境內(nèi)容細(xì)節(jié)句主旨句過(guò)渡句2020課標(biāo)全國(guó)II說(shuō)明文人與自我社會(huì)交往3122019說(shuō)明文人與自然完善自我1132018說(shuō)明文人與自我生活方式2212017說(shuō)明文人與自我人際交往2122016說(shuō)明文人與社會(huì)家庭生活112題型解讀：七選五怎么考6卷名體裁主題考點(diǎn)主題語(yǔ)境主題語(yǔ)境內(nèi)容細(xì)節(jié)句主旨句過(guò)渡句202主題明確結(jié)構(gòu)清晰邏輯嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)題型解讀：七選五為什么常考說(shuō)明文？？？

英語(yǔ)說(shuō)明文是以說(shuō)明為主要表達(dá)方式，以客觀事物的特點(diǎn)和性質(zhì)，事物發(fā)生和發(fā)展過(guò)程為主要表達(dá)內(nèi)容，給讀者以知識(shí)的一種文體。7主題結(jié)構(gòu)邏輯題型解讀：七選五為什么?？颊f(shuō)明文？？？ 英語(yǔ)說(shuō)明主題明確：說(shuō)明文通常只有一個(gè)說(shuō)明對(duì)象。抓住說(shuō)明對(duì)象，就抓住了文章的中心，有助于理解各個(gè)段落的主要內(nèi)容。例：2019全國(guó)I卷Is

Fresh

Air

Really

Good

for

you?Para1Freshairisgoodforus.Para2FreshaircleansourlungsPara4GetsunlightPara3Beinginnaturecanheal.BenefitsofFreshAir8主題明確：說(shuō)明文通常只有一個(gè)說(shuō)明對(duì)象。抓住說(shuō)明對(duì)象，就抓住了Part1Para1(引入段)Workingoutinthemorningisbeneficialtous.Para2ProductivityPart2(para2-5正文)FourbenefitsoftakingexerciseinthemorningPara3metabolismPara4qualityofsleep結(jié)構(gòu)清晰：說(shuō)明文通常由引入段、正文和結(jié)尾段組成。段首往往有主題句，主題句表達(dá)及支配全段的主要內(nèi)容。例：2018全國(guó)卷IIPara5healthyfoodchoicesPart3Para6(結(jié)尾段)Conclusion9Part1Para1(引入段)Para2Prod邏輯嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)：說(shuō)明文會(huì)按照一定的說(shuō)明順序來(lái)介紹、解說(shuō)事物或事理，如事件順序、空間順序、邏輯順序等。也就是說(shuō)，全篇各段之間存在著一定的邏輯順序，分別從不同的角度來(lái)說(shuō)明文章的主題。Butgoodnewsisthattherearereallythreekindsofdecisions

youneedtomakeaboutcolorinyouhome:thesmallones,themediumonesandthelargeones. __38_____.Theyarethelittlespotsofcolorlikethrowpillows,mirrorsandbasketsthatmostofususetoaddvisualinterestto…

Mediumcolorchoicesaregenerallyfurniturepiecessuchassofas,….

Thelargercolordecisionsinyourroomsconcernthewalls,ceilings,andfloors例：2018全國(guó)課標(biāo)卷ID.Smallcolorchoicesaretheoneswe’remostfamiliarwith.10邏輯嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)：說(shuō)明文會(huì)按照一定的說(shuō)明順序來(lái)介紹、解說(shuō)事物或事理，2解題關(guān)鍵112解題關(guān)鍵11解題關(guān)鍵：文章還是句子？？？

從語(yǔ)篇層面，整體把握文章的主要內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)，進(jìn)而概括段落大意，理清段落、句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系，才能對(duì)混淆的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)加以區(qū)分，做出正確選擇。12解題關(guān)鍵：文章還是句子？？？ 從語(yǔ)篇層面，整體把握文章的主要3解題步驟133解題步驟13

瀏覽全文，把握主旨

詳讀段落，概括大意

研讀選項(xiàng)，準(zhǔn)確定位

代入原文，通讀復(fù)檢解題步驟010103040203解題步驟14

15154解題技巧164解題技巧1612解題技巧代詞同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)同義復(fù)現(xiàn)反義詞句式結(jié)構(gòu)詞匯銜接邏輯銜接轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系解釋關(guān)系因果關(guān)系并列關(guān)系對(duì)比關(guān)系遞進(jìn)關(guān)系總分關(guān)系分總關(guān)系1712解題技巧代詞同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)同義復(fù)現(xiàn)反義詞句式結(jié)構(gòu)詞轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系解釋1.1詞匯銜接——詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)（Repetitionofwords）

詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)，即在上下文不同的位置對(duì)同一個(gè)概念進(jìn)行重復(fù)敘述，是實(shí)現(xiàn)語(yǔ)篇前后連貫的常用手段。也就是說(shuō)語(yǔ)篇中的每一個(gè)詞都與它的前后詞語(yǔ)、句子、段落有關(guān)。181.1詞匯銜接——詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)（Repetitionofwo1.____37____.Somepeopleregisteralistofthingstheywantorneedfortheirnewhomeatalocalstoreorstores.Somecommonthingspeoplewillputongiftregistryincludekitchentoolslikeknivesandthingslikecurtains.（From2020全國(guó)課標(biāo)卷III）Thisisn’tusualthough.Itistraditionaltobringagifttohousewarmingparty.Youcanalsobringfoodordrinkstosharewiththeotherguests.Ifyou’reluckyenoughtoreceivegifts,keeptheminasafeplace.Italsogivespeopleachancetoseewhatthenewhomelookslike.Thebesthousewarmingpartiesencourageoldfriendstogettogether.Thiswassothatthepersoncouldkeeptheirhomewarmforthewinter.B.Itistraditionaltobringagifttohousewarmingparty.191.____37____.Somepeoplereg同義復(fù)現(xiàn)2.Yourproductivityisimproved.Exercisingmakesyoumoreawakeandreadytohandlewhateverisaheadofyoufortheday.____37____（From2018全國(guó)課標(biāo)卷II）Youwillsticktoyourdiet.Yourqualityofsleepimproves.Youpreferhealthyfoodtofastfood.Thereisnoreasonyoushouldexerciseinthemorning.Youcankeepyourheadclearfor4-10hoursafterexercise.Afteryouexercise,youcontinuetoburncaloriesthroughtheday.Ifyouareplanningtodoexerciseregularly,oryou’redoingitnow,thenlistenup!E.Youcankeepyourheadclearfor4-10hoursafterexercise.20同義復(fù)現(xiàn)2.Yourproductivityisim1.2代詞指代Theuseofpronouns

在語(yǔ)篇構(gòu)建的過(guò)程中，代詞常被用來(lái)指代語(yǔ)篇中曾出現(xiàn)過(guò)的信息（名詞或名詞短語(yǔ)），以此來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)語(yǔ)篇的連貫和銜接，使之成為一個(gè)統(tǒng)一的語(yǔ)義整體。因此，分析代詞的指代有助于理清段落、句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系。211.2代詞指代Theuseofpronouns 在3.In

Asia,

messaging

platforms

are

growing

rapidly,withusersinthehundredsofmillions,bothatworkandtheplay.__36____.It’sbeenreportedthat76percentemployeesinsomewesterncountriesareusingemojisatwork.（From2020全國(guó)課標(biāo)卷I）A.Messageswithemojisfeelmoreconversational.B.

Evenaformalemailcanseemcoldandunfriendly.C.Sendingsmilingfacestocolleaguesmayseemstrange.D.Thepopularityoftheseplatformsisspreadingglobally.E.GivingemployeesthetoolsenablesthemtocommunicatehonestlyF.Studiesshowthatfriendliercommunicationleadstoahappierworkplace.G.Aneasywaytobringallworkgenerationstogetheriswithachatplatform.D.Thepopularityoftheseplatformsisspreadingglobally.223.InAsia,messagingplatform1.3動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)Tense

七選五的文章常見(jiàn)體裁是說(shuō)明文。有的說(shuō)明文會(huì)按照時(shí)間順序說(shuō)明事物，或者闡述所說(shuō)明事物的過(guò)去情況，這時(shí)就會(huì)用到過(guò)去的時(shí)態(tài)。閱讀這樣的文章或者文段時(shí)，分析動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)有助于縮小選擇范圍，鎖定正選。231.3動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)Tense 七選五的文章常見(jiàn)體裁是說(shuō)明文。4.Housewarmingpartiesgettheirnamefromthefactthatalongtimeagopeoplewouldactuallybringfirewoodtoanewhomeasagift.___40__Nowmosthomeshavecentralheatinganddon’tusefirestokeepwarm.（From2020全國(guó)課標(biāo)卷II）Thisisn’tusualthough.Itistraditionaltobringagifttohousewarmingparty.Youcanalsobringfoodordrinkstosharewiththeotherguests.Ifyou’reluckyenoughtoreceivegifts,keeptheminasafeplace.Italsogivespeopleachancetoseewhatthenewhomelookslike.Thebesthousewarmingpartiesencourageoldfriendstogettogether.Thiswassothatthepersoncouldkeeptheirhomewarmforthewinter.Thiswassothatthepersoncouldkeeptheirhomewarmforthewinter.244.Housewarmingpartiesgetth1.4句式結(jié)構(gòu)Sentence

patterns

有的說(shuō)明文會(huì)注意句子表達(dá)形式的一致性，比如使用句式結(jié)構(gòu)相同或相似的排比句。如果遇到這種情況，可以利用句式結(jié)構(gòu)縮小范圍，鎖定正選。251.4句式結(jié)構(gòu)Sentencepatterns 有的Feelingupsetagain?Wheredoyoustart?Nothingistoosmalltocelebrate.D.Remember,youareonlyhuman.E.Setan

intention

for

self-acceptance.F.Stopcomparingyourselfwithothers.G.Whendoesthecomparisongamestart?5.Nowthatyou’velistedyourstrength,listyourimperfections.Turnthepageinyourjournal.Putintowordswhyyoufeelunworthy,whyyoudon’tfeelgoodenough.Now,readthesewordsbacktoyourself.____40_____Turntoapageinyourjournaltoyourlistofstrengthsandachievements.Seehowawesomeyouare?（From2020全國(guó)課標(biāo)卷I）A.Feelingupsetagain?26Feelingupsetagain?5.Nowthat2.邏輯銜接LogicalCohesion

篇章的邏輯銜接是篇章內(nèi)句與句之間、部分與部分之間如何統(tǒng)一成一個(gè)整體。注意設(shè)空的位置，位于句首、句中還是句尾，當(dāng)題目設(shè)置在句中時(shí)，篇章的段落和句子之間經(jīng)常會(huì)運(yùn)用連接詞表示過(guò)渡和銜接，使文章意義更連貫、邏輯更清晰。

但是有時(shí)沒(méi)有明顯的邏輯連接詞，這就需要通過(guò)上下文語(yǔ)義和具體的語(yǔ)境分析句子間邏輯關(guān)系。272.邏輯銜接LogicalCohesion 篇章的邏輯Whileallofthemareuseful.Whateveryou’relookingfor.Ifyou’reexperimentingwithacolorSmallcolorchoicesaretheoneswe’remostfamiliarwith.It’snotreallyagoodideatousetoomanysmallcolorpieces.Soitpaystobesure,becauseyouwanttogetitrightthefirsttime.Colorchoicesinthisrangeareastepupfromthesmallonesintwomajorways6.Butgoodnewsisthattherearereally

threekindsofdecisions

youneedtomakeaboutcolorinyouhome:thesmallones,themediumonesandthelargeones. __38_____.Theyarethelittlespotsofcolorlikethrowpillows,mirrorsandbasketsthatmostofususetoaddvisualinterestto…

Mediumcolorchoicesaregenerallyfurniturepiecessuchassofas,….

Thelargercolordecisionsinyourroomsconcernthewalls,ceilings,andfloors（From2018全國(guó)課標(biāo)卷I）

總分關(guān)系+詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)2345D.Smallcolorchoicesaretheoneswe’remostfamiliarwith.28Whileallofthemareuseful.We

should

also

try

tosleepwellthenightbefore.It’s

also

as

ifthebrainispreservingitsmostimportantmemories.Similarly,whenpeoplegoforafewdayswithoutsleeping,theygetsick.Theprocessestakeplacetostopourbrainsbecomingloadedwithmemories.That’swhystudentsdobetterintestsiftheygetachancetosleepafterlearning.“Sleepisthepricewepayforlearning,”saysGiulioTononi,whodevelopedtheidea.Tononi’steammeasuredthesizeoftheseconnections,orsynapses,inthebrainsof12mice.7.Everyanimalsleeps,butthereasonforthishasremainedfoggy.Whenlabratsarenotallowedtosleep,theydiewithinamonth.___71____.

(From2017北京卷）并列關(guān)系+句式結(jié)構(gòu)C.Similarly,whenpeoplegoforafewdayswithoutsleeping,theygetsick29WeshouldalsotrytosleepweThiscanaffectyourwork.Sohowshouldyoumotivateyourself?However,thiscouldnotdiscourageyou.Sowhyshouldwetrytosetspecificgoals?Theycanchangeaccordingtocircumstances.Motivationiswhatyouneedmosttodoagoodjob.Withoutmotivation,youcanneithersetagoalnorreachit.8.Imagineachildstandingonadivingboardfourfeethighandaskinghimselfthequestion:“ShouldIjump?”Thisiswhatmotivationorlackofitcando.Motivationandgoalsettingarethetwosidesofthesamecoin.______Likethechildonthediving