Unit 4 Natural Disasters 單詞課件-2023-2024學(xué)年高中英語(yǔ)人教版（2019）必修第一冊(cè)

Unit4NaturalDisastersVocabularytornadodroughtlandslide/landfalltsunamifloodvolcaniceruptiontyphoonhurricanedisaster n.災(zāi)難；災(zāi)害；徹底失敗的人或物anaturaldisaster自然災(zāi)難anairdisaster一場(chǎng)空難Thewholethingisatotaldisaster.整件事情就是徹頭徹底的災(zāi)難。disastrous

adj.

極糟糕的；災(zāi)難性的；完全失敗的slide

vi.&vt（使）滑行；滑動(dòng)

slide-slid-slid-slidingaslidingdoor滑門；推拉門Isawamanslideonabananaskin.我看到有個(gè)人踩在香蕉皮上滑了一下。slideinto...悄悄進(jìn)入……slideintoaroom偷偷溜進(jìn)房間floodn.

洪水；大量

vi.淹沒(méi)；大量涌入

vt.使灌滿水；淹沒(méi)theflood-hitarea洪災(zāi)地區(qū)floodwarnings洪水警告Theriverwasinflood.河水泛濫。afloodof/floodsof大量；大批floodsofrain傾盆大雨afloodofmusic海量的音樂(lè)Heavyrainfallsfloodedthevillage.大雨淹沒(méi)了村莊。Schoolswithbetterreputationswillbefloodedwithapplications.較有名氣的學(xué)校將會(huì)收到如潮水涌至般的申請(qǐng)。rescue

n.&vt.營(yíng)救；救援a(chǎn)rescueteam 救援隊(duì)rescueworkers 救援人員cometoone’srescue 來(lái)援救某人rescue...from...

把……從……營(yíng)救出來(lái)①

Thefirefightersrescuedfivechildren

theburninghouseyesterday.②

Itwaswiththehelpofthelocalguidethatthemountainclimber__________(rescue).fromwasrescueddamagevt.損害；破壞

n.損壞；損失damageone’shealth 損害某人的健康cause/dodamagetosth 對(duì)……造成損害

damages損害賠償金Hewasorderedtopaydamagesof$30,000.他被責(zé)令支付3萬(wàn)美元的損害賠償金。眾所周知，抽煙會(huì)損害我們的健康。①

Asweallknow,smokingcan______________

________

_.(damagen.)②

Itiswellknownthatsmokingcan_____________

_.(damagevt.)do/causedamagetoourhealthdamageourhealthdestroy

vt.

摧毀；毀滅你若折我姐妹翅膀我定毀你整座天堂。

you_______mysister’swings,Iwill_______yourwholeparadise.Ifbreakdestroydestroyone’sconfidence/hope/faith摧毀某人的信心/希望/信仰evacuate

vt.疏散；撤出

vi.撤離beevacuatedfrom從……中撤離為躲避轟炸，孩子們都撤離里倫敦。Childrenwere

Londontoescapethebombing.evacuatedfromevacuationn.疏散；撤離affect

vt.

影響；（疾病）侵襲；深深打動(dòng)(1)affectsb./sth.

影響某人/某事

be(deeply)affectedby被（深深）打動(dòng)了(2)effectn. 作用；影響

haveaneffecton/uponsth. 對(duì)……產(chǎn)生影響comeintoeffect 生效；開(kāi)始實(shí)施takeeffect 開(kāi)始起作用，見(jiàn)效；生效，開(kāi)始實(shí)施Thegovernmentmustfindoutthecauseandeffectofthetsunami，whichhasgreatly

affectedthewholearea.說(shuō)出下列句子中affect的含義①Affectedbythemovingstory,heburstintotears.___

______②Diseasesaffectalmosteveryoneatsometimeduringtheirlives._____

______③Thediseaseisbeginningtoaffecthiseyesight.____

________vt.深深打動(dòng)vt.（疾?。┣忠uvt.（疾?。┣忠ushelter

n.避難處；居所；庇護(hù)

vt.保護(hù)；掩蔽

vi.

躲避

(風(fēng)、雨或危險(xiǎn))find/takeshelterfrom

躲避…… undertheshelterof

在……的庇護(hù)下 shelterfrom

躲避……【注意】shelter作名詞，意為“遮蓋物；躲避處；避難所”時(shí)，為可數(shù)名詞；意為“居所；住處”和“保護(hù)；掩蓋；庇護(hù)”時(shí)，為不可數(shù)名詞。①(2009湖北改)Someparentsarejusttooprotective.Theywanttosheltertheirkids

everykindofdanger,realorimagined. ②Weshouldfind

thewind.我們應(yīng)該找個(gè)避風(fēng)的地方。③Theywerestandingundertheshelter

ahugetree.fromashelterfromofasif似乎；好像；仿佛Itseemsasif...似乎……Itlooksasif...看上去好像……Itseemsasifhewon’tbeabletocomethisweekItlooksasiftherearegoingtobealotofdifficulties.asif虛擬語(yǔ)氣用法總結(jié)當(dāng)說(shuō)話人認(rèn)為句子所述的是不真實(shí)的或極少有可能發(fā)生或存在的情況時(shí)，asif從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。如果從句表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。如果從句表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“had+過(guò)去分詞”。如果從句表示與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“would/could/might+動(dòng)詞原形”。如果從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是系動(dòng)詞“be”,一律用“were”Youlookasifyoudidn’tcare.你看上去好像并不在乎。HetalksaboutRomeasifhehadbeentherebefore.他說(shuō)起羅馬來(lái)好像他以前去過(guò)羅馬似的。Heopenedhismouthasifhewouldsaysomething.他張開(kāi)嘴好像要說(shuō)什么。Shetreatshimasifhewereherborther.她把他當(dāng)成弟弟。ruin

n.&vt.

破壞；毀壞be/lieinruins

成為廢墟；毀滅fallintoruin

成為廢墟；破敗不堪ruinone’shope/future/health毀掉某人的希望/將來(lái)/健康ruinoneself

自我毀滅Havinggonethroughtwoworldwars,thecastlehasfallenintoruin.ruinedadj.毀壞了的；嚴(yán)重受損的（只用于名詞前）shock

n.震驚；令人震驚的事；休克

vt.(使)震驚shocking

adj.令人震驚的shockedadj.感到震驚的inshock 震驚地；吃驚地beshockedat/by... 對(duì)……吃驚beshockedtodosth. 做某事很吃驚Youmustgetusedtothenewenvironmenttodealwithcultureshock.①Thenews

(shock)

thepublic,leadingtogreatconcernaboutstudents’safetyatschool.②Thenewsofhissuddendeathisso

thateveryoneisverymuch

atit.（shock）③

(shock)

attheunexpectedguestandgift,Iwasatalosswhattosay.shockedshockingshockedShockedtrap

vt.使落入險(xiǎn)境；使陷入圈套

n.

險(xiǎn)境；陷阱betrappedin...

被困于……trapsb.intodoingsth. 誘騙某人做某事setatrap 設(shè)置陷阱/布下圈套fallintoatrap 落入圈套①Therewasapowerfailure,sothey__________(trap)inthelift.②Bycleverquestioning,theytrappedhim

__________tellingthetruth.weretrappedintobury vt.埋葬；安葬burysthin...把……埋進(jìn)…… beburiedin=buryoneselfin埋頭于；專心致志于Sheburiedherfaceinhandsandweptwhensheheardthebadnews.

(bury)inhisstudy,hedidn’tknowalltheothershadleft.Apartfromfinishingmyhomework,I’dliketobury

(I)inlearningsomethingmoreabouttherobot.Buriedmyselfbreathe

vi.&vt.呼吸breathein吸入breatheout呼出breathn.呼吸outofbreath喘不上氣；上期不接下氣；氣喘吁吁takeadeepbreath深呼吸effort

n.努力；艱難的嘗試；盡力sparenoefforttodosth.不遺余力地做某事makean/everyefforttodosth.盡（全）力做某事witheffort費(fèi)力地effortlessadj.不需要費(fèi)力的；容易的We’ll

tryourbesttohelpyou,butyoumustgetpreparedtomeetallkindsofdifficulties.We’llmakeevery/anefforttohelpyou,butyoumustgetpreparedtomeetallkindsofdifficulties.We’ll

sparenoeffortstohelpyou,butyoumustgetpreparedtomeetallkindsofdifficulties.suffer

vt.遭受；蒙受

vi.（因疾病、痛苦、悲傷等）受苦sufferfrom...

患……病；因……而受苦sufferfromcoldandhunger 忍饑挨凍sufferlosses/pains 遭受損失/痛苦sufferingn. 苦難，痛苦sufferern. 受難者①Alotofmoneyhasbeencollectedtohelpthose

(suffer)fromthefloods.②Shereceivedmanylettersofsupportfromsomecancer___________(suffer).③Thesurvivornevertalkedabouthis

(suffer)inthedisaster.sufferingsufferersuffering(s)supplyn.供應(yīng)（量）；補(bǔ)給；[pl]補(bǔ)給品vt.供應(yīng)；供給supplyanddemand

供應(yīng)與需求 aplentifulsupplyof

有大量……inshortsupply供應(yīng)不足school/medical/relief/emergencysupplies學(xué)校用品/醫(yī)療用品/救援物資/應(yīng)急物資 supplysthtosb=supplysbwithsth給某人供應(yīng)某物①I’dliketoknowthereasonwhythemilkis

shortsupplyinthisareanow.②Weshouldeatfreshvegetablesandfruiteveryday,whichsupplyrichandnecessaryvitamins

us.intosurvive

vi.生存；存活

vt.幸存；艱難度過(guò)surviveon依靠……生存下來(lái)survivefrom從……存活下來(lái)，流傳下來(lái)survive...by比……活得長(zhǎng)survivor

n.幸存者survival

n.[U]幸存；[C]殘存物①Idon’tknowhowyoucansurvive

solittlemoney.②Hediedin1940,buthiswifesurvivedhim

another20years.③Laterallthe

(survive)wererescuedincludingTom’swife.onbysurvivorspower

n.電力供應(yīng)；力量；能量；控制力cometopower上臺(tái)；執(zhí)政（動(dòng)作）beinpower

執(zhí)政；掌權(quán)（狀態(tài)）beyondone’spower超出某人的能力范圍world/industrialpowers世界強(qiáng)國(guó)/工業(yè)大國(guó)powerstation發(fā)電站powerfailure停電powerfuladj.強(qiáng)大的powerlessadj.五影響力的；無(wú)權(quán)的Asisknowntous,knowledgeispower.emergency

n.突發(fā)事件；緊急情況anemergencyexit/call/kit/room緊急出口/緊急呼叫/急救箱/急診室emergentadj.新興的；處于發(fā)展初期的emergentnations/states新興民族/國(guó)家calm

adj.鎮(zhèn)靜的；沉著的

vt.使平靜；使鎮(zhèn)靜calmdown 平靜下來(lái)calmsb.down 使某人鎮(zhèn)定下來(lái)keep/staycalm 保持鎮(zhèn)靜calmlyadv.冷靜地；平靜地aid

n.援助；幫助；救援物資

vi.&vt.(formal)

幫助；援助givefirstaidtosb. 對(duì)某人急救withtheaidof... 在……的幫助下cometoone’said 幫助某人幫助某人做某事：aidsb.indoingsth.aidsb.withsth.aidsb.todosth.Withtheaidofourteachers,welearnedhowtodofirstaid.onhand

現(xiàn)有（尤指幫助）Nowforouremergencysupplies,wewouldsuggestalwayshavingonhandenoughwaterandfoodforthreedays.關(guān)于應(yīng)急物資，我們建議始終備有夠使用三天的水和食物。與hand相關(guān)的短語(yǔ)：ontheonehand一方面

inhand

在手頭；在進(jìn)行中；在控制中ontheotherhand另一方面

handin 交上；提交；呈送handinhand

手拉手

handover 交出；移交crash

vt.&vi.碰撞；撞擊

n.撞車；碰撞crashinto/onto撞到……里/上Hiscarcrashedintoatreewhilehewasdrivinginthesnowstorm.sweepaway消滅；徹底消除Fishermen,tourists,hotels,homes,andcarsweresweptawaybyhugewavescausedbythestrongearthquake.漁民、游客、酒店、住房和汽車都被強(qiáng)震所引發(fā)的巨浪卷走。與away相關(guān)的短語(yǔ)：takeaway帶走；拿走

runaway 逃避；回避giveaway贈(zèng)送；泄露

goaway

走開(kāi)；消失wave

n.海浪；波浪

vi.&vt.揮手；招手wavegoodbyetosb.向某人揮手告別waveto/atsb.向某人告別awaveof一陣……strike

vi侵襲；突擊；擊打

n.

罷工；罷課；襲擊strikeamatch劃火柴Itstrikessbthat從句某人突然意識(shí)到……bestruckby被……打動(dòng)/迷住 strikefor...為……而罷工goonstrike罷工strikeabalance達(dá)到平衡strikeadeal達(dá)成協(xié)議strickenadj.受災(zāi)的；患病的；受苦的strikern.罷工者；（足球的）前鋒；（棒球的）擊球手①Theboyfell,

(strike)hisheadontheedgeofthetable.（撞）②Aterribleearthquake