高一英語(yǔ)選擇性必修一課文及翻譯（外研版新教材）中英Word精編文檔

高一英語(yǔ)選擇性必修一課文及翻譯（外研版新教材）中英Word精編文檔Unit1Laughoutloud!UnderstandingideasTheBestMedicine最佳妙方1AsIapproachthehospitalwearingmywhitecoat,Ilookjustlikeanyotherdoctor.ThatisuntilIputonmycurlyrainbowwig,bigrednose,andaddmynamebadge“DoctorLarryLaugh-Out-Loud”.Iwalkthroughthedoorsintothewaitingarea,wherethere’safamiliaratmosphereofboredomandtension.Peoplesituncomfortablyonplasticchairs,lookingthrougholdmagazines,allofwhichhavebeenreadhundredsoftimespreviously.Anxiousparentsdowhattheycantocomfortnervousandcryingchildren.當(dāng)我穿著白大褂走進(jìn)醫(yī)院時(shí)，我看起來(lái)和其他醫(yī)生沒什么兩樣——直到我戴上卷曲的彩虹色假發(fā)和大紅鼻子，別上我的名牌“拉里，笑哈哈醫(yī)生”。我穿過一道道門進(jìn)入候診區(qū)，這里充斥著常見的厭煩和緊張情緒。人們別扭地坐在塑料椅上，翻閱著那些已經(jīng)被讀過數(shù)百遍的舊雜志。焦慮的父母?jìng)冋M其所能安撫緊張哭鬧的孩子。2InthemiddleofthisparticularsceneIspotasmallgirlwhoseankleistwiceitsnormalsize.Ispeakwiththeon-dutynurse,whotellsmethatLara’sparentsrushedhertothehospitalaftershefelloffherbicycle.Sincegettinghere,Larahasspenthertimecryinginpain.Althoughit’sthedoctorsandnurseswhowilltreatherinjury,it’smyjobtomakeherfeelbetter.在這個(gè)特別的場(chǎng)景里，我注意到一個(gè)小女孩，她的腳踝腫成了原來(lái)的兩倍。我和值班護(hù)士交談時(shí)她告訴我，勞拉從自行車上摔下來(lái)，她父母趕緊將她送到醫(yī)院。自從來(lái)到這里，勞拉就因?yàn)樘弁炊恢贝罂蕖１M管為她治療傷痛的是醫(yī)生和護(hù)士，但讓她的心情變好則是我的工作。3Scientificstudiesshowthatlaughterproduceschemicalstomakepeoplefeelbetter,whichmeansclowndoctorscanbehelpful.Wearespeciallytrainedclownswhoworkaspartofaprogrammeknownas“hospitalclowning”.IchosethiscareerbecauseofmyexperienceofgoingtohospitalwhenIwasakid.Althoughthedoctorsandnursesdidagreatjob,hospitalsweren’treallydesignedforchildren.IspentmuchofthetimewhenIwastherefeelingfrightenedandmorethanlittlebored!BeingaclowndoctormeansIcanhelppeoplebyentertainingthem.科學(xué)研究表明，歡笑能產(chǎn)生使人心情變好的化學(xué)物質(zhì)，這就意味著小丑醫(yī)生能幫到患者。我們是受過專門培訓(xùn)的小丑，是“醫(yī)院小丑”項(xiàng)目的成員。我之所以選擇這個(gè)職業(yè)，是因?yàn)槲易约盒r(shí)候去醫(yī)院的經(jīng)歷。盡管當(dāng)時(shí)醫(yī)生和護(hù)士都盡職盡責(zé)，但醫(yī)院實(shí)在不是個(gè)適合孩子們待的地方。我在那里度過的大部分時(shí)間要么覺得害怕，要么感到非常無(wú)聊！而成為小丑醫(yī)生意味著我可以通過娛樂人們的方4Visitinghospitalsandotherhealthcarefacilities,weclowndoctorsworktogetherwithmedicalprofessionals.Onatypicalday,wespendourtimecheeringuppatients,theirfamilies,andmoreoftenthannot,thehospitalstaff,too!Wedothisbydoingmagictricks,singingsongs,tellingstoriesand,ofcourse,tellingsillyjokes.Somechildren,though,don’tfeellikelaughing,especiallyifthey’reinpain.Wehavetobeverysensitiveandworkcloselywiththedoctorsandnurses,whokeepusupdatedoneachpatient.我們小丑醫(yī)生和專業(yè)醫(yī)療人員一起工作，要走訪醫(yī)院和其他的醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)。我們一天的工作內(nèi)容通常是為病人、病人家屬，甚至是醫(yī)院的工作人員帶來(lái)歡樂！為此，我們會(huì)變魔術(shù)、唱歌、講故事，當(dāng)然還會(huì)講一些滑稽的笑話。不過，有些孩子并不想笑，特別是在他們很疼痛的時(shí)候。所以我們必須非常善解人意，并且與醫(yī)護(hù)人員密切合作，他們會(huì)為我們提供每個(gè)病人的最新情況。5Andmymagicmedicinedoesindeedseemtodothetrick.WhilethedoctorconcentratesonexaminingLara’sankle,Igetherattentionbydoingamagictrick.Althoughsheisclearlystillinsomepain,herscaredandanxiouslookhasbeenreplaced—firstbyasmallsmile,andthenbyloudlaughterasI“magically”producehersockfromoutofmypocket.SeeingtheirdaughtersomuchhappierhasinturnmadeLara’sparentsmorerelaxed.而我的靈藥似乎確實(shí)起作用了。當(dāng)醫(yī)生集中精力檢查勞拉的腳踝時(shí)，我用魔術(shù)來(lái)吸引勞拉的注意力。盡管她顯然仍然有些痛苦，但她恐懼和焦慮的表情已經(jīng)不見了：先是一個(gè)小小的微笑，接著變成了大笑——因?yàn)槲摇澳g(shù)般地”從我的口袋里變出了她的一只襪子?？吹脚畠浩铺闉樾?，勞拉的父母也松了一口氣。6Andasforme?Well,whenItakeoffmywigandmyrednose,I’mstillwearingabigsmile,asIrememberallthefunandlaughteroftheday.WhiletheremightbemorehospitalvisitsaheadforLaraandothers,Ihopethatclowndoctorshelpmakeitafriendlierplacetovisit.Afterall,itreallyistruethat“l(fā)aughteristhebestmedicine”.至于我呢？當(dāng)我摘下假發(fā)和紅鼻子的時(shí)候，我臉上仍然帶著大大的微笑，因?yàn)槲矣浀眠@天所有的樂趣和歡笑。也許將來(lái)，對(duì)于勞拉或者其他人來(lái)說，他們還有更多到醫(yī)院就診的需要，但我希望，小丑醫(yī)生能夠幫助醫(yī)院成為一個(gè)更溫暖友善的就診場(chǎng)所。畢竟，“歡笑是最佳妙方”，這句話是真的。Unit1Laughoutloud!DevelopingideasTheImportanceofHumour幽默的重要性years.ThereiscomedyinthetextsofAncientGreece,andmedievalwritingsarefilledwithjokes.Whilethesesamejokesmightnotbeasfunnytousnowastheywerethen,theirauthorsunderstoodthathumourcouldnotonlyentertainbutalsothrownewlightonsensitiveoremotiveissues.數(shù)千年來(lái)，幽默一直是人類行為的重要組成部分。古希臘的文字中記載有喜劇，而中世紀(jì)的作品中也常常出現(xiàn)笑話。雖然那些笑話對(duì)現(xiàn)在的我們來(lái)說可能不像當(dāng)時(shí)那么有趣，但是它們的作者明白，幽默不僅娛樂大眾，而且可以使人們對(duì)敏感問題或有爭(zhēng)議的問題產(chǎn)生新的認(rèn)識(shí)。2Closertomoderntimes,someonewhoisrememberedforhisabilitytocombinehumourwithmoreseriousmessagesisAmericanwriter,MarkTwain.Twain’sparticularstyleofwritingisfunnyandoftenmischievous.Forexample,inhisclassicnovelTheAdventuresofTomSawyer,hefamouslysays,“Writingiseasy.Allyouhavetodoiscrossoutthewrongwords.”Butheisequallywellknownforhiswittyremarksinhiseverydayinteractionswithpeople.Forinstance,whileonalecturingtouroftheUnitedStates,Twainwentintoabarber’sshoptogetahaircutandashave.Thebarber,notrecognisinghim,askedifhehadatickettothelecture.WhenTwainrepliedthathedidn’t,thebarbertoldhimthatifhewantedtogototheeventhewouldhavetostand,astherewerenoseatsleftinthetheatre.Twain’sresponsewas,“That’sjustmyluck.Ialwayshavetostandwhenthatfellowlectures!”到了近現(xiàn)代，美國(guó)作家馬克·吐溫因擅長(zhǎng)用幽默的方式表達(dá)嚴(yán)肅的內(nèi)容而著稱。吐溫獨(dú)特的寫作風(fēng)格幽默風(fēng)趣，而且常常帶有調(diào)侃意味。例如，在他的經(jīng)典小說《湯姆·索耶歷險(xiǎn)記》中有一句名言“寫作很容易，你要做的就是把錯(cuò)誤的單詞劃掉?！彼粘Ｅc人交流中的詼諧言論同樣出名。比如，有一次在美國(guó)做巡回演講時(shí)，馬克·吐溫走進(jìn)一家理發(fā)店去理發(fā)和刮臉。理發(fā)師沒有認(rèn)出他來(lái)，問他有沒有這場(chǎng)演講的門票，馬克·吐溫說沒有。理發(fā)師告訴他，如果他想去聽演講就只能站著了，因?yàn)閯≡豪镆呀?jīng)沒有座位了。馬克·吐溫回答說：“真倒霉。只要那個(gè)家伙演講，我總是要站著！”3LikeTwain,butontheothersideoftheworld,LinYutangwassoontobecomefamousforhisuniquebrandofhumour.Awell-knownbilingualwriter,LinbroughttheconceptofhumourtomodernChineseliterature.In1924,hecreativelyborrowed“youmo”fromAncientChineseasthetranslationfortheEnglishword“humour”.“Youmo”isstillbeingusedinthiswaytoday.和馬克·吐溫類似，在世界的另一端，林語(yǔ)堂很快也因其獨(dú)特的幽默風(fēng)格而聞名。作為著名的雙語(yǔ)作家，林語(yǔ)堂將幽默的概念引入了中國(guó)現(xiàn)代文學(xué)。1924年，他創(chuàng)造性地借用古漢語(yǔ)中的“幽默”作為英文單詞“humour”的翻譯。今天，“幽默”一詞仍在以這種方式被人們使用。4Lin’squickwithelpedmakehimfamousasamasterofhumour.Once,havingbeeninvitedtodinneratauniversity,hewasputonthespotwhenthepresidentsuddenlyaskedhimtogiveaspeech.Thinkingonhisfeet,LinstartedtoFirstcamealion.Themanwhisperedsomethinginthelion’sear,afterwhichthelionshookitsheadandwalkedawayunhappily.Thenalongcameatiger.Again,themanwhisperedinthetiger’sear.Thetigerlookedshockedandhurriedaway.“Whatdidyousaytomyanimals?”saidtheemperor,astonished.“Itoldthemtheyhadtomakeaspeechaftereatingmefordinner.”Lin’saudienceroaredwithlaughter.Withthislittlejoke,Linwasabletomakepeoplelaugh,whilegentlytellingoffthepresident.林語(yǔ)堂的機(jī)智使他成為著名的幽默大師。有一次，他被邀請(qǐng)去一所大學(xué)吃晚飯，當(dāng)校長(zhǎng)突然讓他做演講時(shí)，他感到很為難。林語(yǔ)堂急中生智，開始講述一個(gè)殘忍的羅馬皇帝試圖把一個(gè)人喂給野獸的故事。首先來(lái)了一頭獅子，那人對(duì)獅子耳語(yǔ)了幾句，獅子搖了搖頭，不高興地走開了。然后來(lái)了一只老虎，那人又對(duì)老虎耳語(yǔ)了幾句，老虎看起來(lái)很震驚，急忙跑開了?！澳銓?duì)我的動(dòng)物們說了什么？”皇帝驚訝地說道?！拔腋嬖V它們，把我作為晚飯吃掉后，它們必須要演講一番?！绷终Z(yǔ)堂的聽眾們哄堂大笑。通過這個(gè)小笑話，林語(yǔ)堂既能讓大家哈哈大笑，同時(shí)也委婉地表達(dá)了對(duì)校長(zhǎng)的不滿。5BothTwainandLinunderstoodthathumourisn’tjustaboutlaughter,butisawayoflifeandatoolthatcanbeusedtoilluminatetheworld.Linevencreatedanequationtoexplainthisconcept:Reality+Dreams+Humour=Wisdom.Livingandworkingwithotherscansometimesbecomplicated,andhumourmakesthiseasier.Sharingjokesandlaughingtogethercanbringindividualsandevencommunitiestogether.Indeed,somemayarguethatourneedforhumourisalmostasgreatasourneedforwaterandair.InthewordsofMarkTwain,“Humorismankind’sgreatestblessing”.馬克·吐溫和林語(yǔ)堂都明白，幽默不僅僅能帶來(lái)笑聲，它還是一種生活方式，是一種可以用來(lái)闡明世界的工具。林語(yǔ)堂甚至還創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)公式來(lái)解釋他的理念：現(xiàn)實(shí)+夢(mèng)想+幽默=智慧。和其他人在一起生活和工作有時(shí)候并不是一件容易的事，而幽默可以讓事情變得更簡(jiǎn)單。一起講笑話、一起歡笑可以使不同的個(gè)體甚至是團(tuán)體凝聚在一起。事實(shí)上，有些人甚至?xí)J(rèn)為我們對(duì)幽默的需求幾乎與我們對(duì)水和空氣的需求一樣強(qiáng)烈。用馬克吐溫的話來(lái)說：“幽默是人類頭等的幸事?！盪nit2OnwardsandupwardsUnderstandingideasWeRegrettoInformYou...我們抱歉地通知您……1“Weregrettoinformyou...”Thesearethewordsthateverywriterdreadsreceiving,butwordseverywriterknowswell.Theresponsefromapublishercomesbackandthewritereagerlyopensandreadsit,theirheartssinkingwhenandfreetimetowriteyourlife’swork,yetstillthisisoftennotenough.Everyoneknowsthatsuccessrarelyhappensovernight,butperhapsnotmanyknowthatalotofhighlysuccessfulwritershavepreviouslyfacedrejection.“我們抱歉地通知您……”這句話對(duì)每個(gè)作家而言既害怕又熟悉。出版商給了反饋，作家急切地拆開來(lái)讀，但讀到這最后一句，心隨即跌落谷底。你可能已經(jīng)花費(fèi)數(shù)年時(shí)間，放棄了周末和空閑時(shí)間去創(chuàng)作你的畢生作品，但這往往還不夠。大家都明白，成功不是一蹴而就的；但也許很多人都不知道，許多卓越的作家也都曾被拒稿。2TakeforexampleJ.K.Rowling.Whenshereceivedherfirstrejectionletter,shedecidedthatitmeantshenowhadsomethingincommonwithherfavouritewriters,andstuckitonherkitchenwall.Rowlinghadspentyearssurvivingonlittlemoney,spendingallhertimewriting.Whenshefinallyfinishedherfirstbook,shereceivedcommentsfrompublishersalongthelinesof“toodifficultforchildren”,“toolong”,“Childrenwouldnotbeinterestedinit”.Nevertheless,shepersevered.“Iwasn’tgoingtogiveupuntileverysinglepublisherturnedmedown,butIoftenfearedthatwouldhappen,”shelaterposted.Afteratotaloftwelverejections,onepublishereventuallyagreedtoprint500copiesofherfirstbook,andasweknow,HarryPotterbecameaglobalsuccess,withover400millionbookssoldandtranslatedintomorethanseventydifferentlanguages.以J.K.羅琳為例。當(dāng)她收到第一封拒稿信時(shí)，她決定把這看作是自己與喜愛的作家之間有了共同之處，并把這封信貼在廚房的墻上。羅琳過了很多年拮據(jù)的生活，她把所有時(shí)間都用在寫作上。當(dāng)她終于完成第一本書時(shí)，出版商給出的評(píng)價(jià)卻是“對(duì)孩子來(lái)說太難理解”“太長(zhǎng)”“孩子們不會(huì)對(duì)它感興趣”等等。盡管如此，她還是堅(jiān)持了下來(lái)?！拔也粫?huì)放棄的，除非所有的出版商都拒絕我。不過我常常擔(dān)心這真的會(huì)發(fā)生?！彼髞?lái)說。在收到12封拒稿信后，終于有一家出版商同意將她的第一本書印刷500冊(cè)。我們都知道，《哈利·波特》后來(lái)在全球大獲成功，銷量超過4億冊(cè)，被翻譯成了70多種不同的語(yǔ)言。3Alltoooftenwritersofgreatworkshavehadtofacecriticismalongwithrejection.J.D.Salingerstartedwritingshortstoriesinhighschool,butlaterstruggledtogethisworkspublished.“Wefeelthatwedon’tknowthecentralcharacterwellenough”wasthecriticismhereceivedonhismanuscriptforTheCatcherintheRye.Despiterejectionsfromseveralpublishers,J.D.Salingerrefusedtogiveup.EvenwhenservingintheUSArmyduringtheSecondWorldWar,hecarriedsixchaptersofTheCatcherintheRyewithhimandworkedonthenovelthroughouthiswarservice.Whenitwaseventuallypublished,thebookbecameanimmediatebest-sellerandwentontosellmillionsandmillionsofcopies.偉大作品的作家也常常在被回絕的同時(shí)還要遭受批評(píng)。J.D.塞林格從高中就開始寫短篇小說了，但之后他的作品卻難以發(fā)表。“我們覺得自己無(wú)法充分理解主人公?！边@是他的《麥田里的守望者》的手稿收到的批評(píng)。即使被多家出版商回絕，J.D.塞林格也從未放棄。甚至在二戰(zhàn)期間在美國(guó)陸軍服役時(shí)，他還隨身攜修改。最終，這本書一經(jīng)出版，便立刻成為暢銷書，賣出了上千萬(wàn)冊(cè)。4PerhapstheoverallprizeforperseveranceshouldgotothreesistersfromVictorianEnglandwhodreamtofseeingtheirwordsinprint.This,however,wasatimewhenwomenwerenotencouragedtobecomewriters.AsthethenPoetLaureate,RobertSouthey,wrotetooneofthem:“Literaturecannotbethebusinessofawoman’slife,anditoughtnottobe.”Nevertheless,thesistersdidn’tstoptrying.Theirresponsewastowriteabookofpoemsundermalenames.Evenwhenthebooksoldonlytwocopies,thesistersstilldidn’tgiveup.Theystartedwritingnovels,andtodayCharlotteBront?’sJaneEyre,EmilyBront?’sWutheringHeightsandAnneBront?’sAgnesGreyareregardedasclassicsofworldliterature.Infact,itiswithinthepagesofJaneEyrethatwecanfindthesewords:“Ihonourendurance,perseverance,industry,talent;becausethesearethemeansbywhichmenachievegreatends...”也許堅(jiān)持不懈的最高榮譽(yù)應(yīng)該頒給來(lái)自英國(guó)維多利亞時(shí)代的三姐妹。她們夢(mèng)想著看到自己的作品出版。然而，這是一個(gè)不鼓勵(lì)女性成為作家的時(shí)代。正如當(dāng)時(shí)的桂冠詩(shī)人羅伯特·騷塞在給她們其中一位的信中所說：“文學(xué)不可能也不應(yīng)該成為女人的事業(yè)?！北M管如此，三姐妹并沒有放棄嘗試。她們的應(yīng)對(duì)方式是以男性名字為筆名寫了一本詩(shī)集。雖然這本詩(shī)集只賣出了兩冊(cè)，但她們還是沒有放棄，轉(zhuǎn)而開始寫小說。如今，夏洛蒂·勃朗特的《簡(jiǎn)·愛》、艾米莉·勃朗特的《呼嘯山莊》和安妮·勃朗特的《艾格妮絲·格雷》被認(rèn)為是世界文學(xué)的經(jīng)典之作。其實(shí)，這正印證了我們?cè)凇逗?jiǎn)·愛》中讀到的：“我崇尚忍耐、堅(jiān)毅、勤奮、天賦；因?yàn)橹挥幸揽窟@些，人們才能實(shí)現(xiàn)宏大的目標(biāo)……”5So,itseemsthattalentaloneisn’tenoughtoguaranteesuccess.Whilealotofhardworkandatouchofluckplayapart,perseveranceisthekey.Keeptryingandeventuallyyouwillreadthewords“Wearedelightedtoinformyou...”因此，似乎僅憑天賦不足以保證成功。不懈的努力和一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)運(yùn)氣固然很重要，但堅(jiān)持不懈才是關(guān)鍵。堅(jiān)持下去，你終會(huì)收到這樣的回復(fù)：“我們高興地通知您……”Unit2OnwardsandupwardsDevelopingideasThreeDaystoSee假如給我三天光明1Ihaveoftenthoughtitwouldbeablessingifeachhumanbeingwerestrickenblindanddeafforafewdaysatsometimeduringhisearlyadultlife.Darknesswouldmakehimmoreappreciativeofsight;silencewouldteachhimthejoysofsound.一件幸運(yùn)的事情，因?yàn)楹诎禃?huì)使人更加珍惜視力，靜默能教會(huì)人享受聲音的美妙。2NowandthenIhavetestedmyseeingfriendstodiscoverwhattheysee.Recently,Iaskedafriendwhohadjustreturnedfromalongwalkinthewoodswhatshehadobserved.“Nothinginparticular,”shereplied.我時(shí)常詢問我那些看得見的朋友們，想了解他們看到了什么。最近，我問一個(gè)從林子里散步了許久回來(lái)的朋友觀察到了什么，她答道：“沒什么特別的?！?Howwasitpossible,Iaskedmyself,towalkforanhourthroughthewoodsandseenothingworthyofnote?Iwhocannotseefindhundredsofthingstointerestmethroughmeretouch.IfIcangetsomuchpleasurefromtouch,howmuchmorebeautymustberevealedbysight?AndIhaveimaginedwhatIshouldmostliketoseeifIweregiventheuseofmyeyes,sayforjustthreedays.我問自己，在林子里散步一小時(shí)之久卻沒有看到任何值得注意的東西，這怎么可能呢？我一個(gè)看不見的人，僅僅通過觸覺，就能發(fā)現(xiàn)成百上千件引起我興趣的東西。如果僅僅通過觸覺就能得到如此多的快樂，那么視覺能展現(xiàn)多少美好的事物啊。我想象過，如果我能被恩賜恢復(fù)視覺，哪怕只有三天，我最希望看到什么。4Onthefirstday,Ishouldwanttoseethepeoplewhosekindnessandgentlenessandcompanionshiphavemademylifeworthliving.Idonnotknowwhatitistoseeintotheheartofafriendthroughthat“windowofthesoul”,theeye.Icanonly“see”throughmyfingertipstheoutlineofaface.Ishouldliketoseethebookswhichhavebeenreadtome,andwhichIhaverevealedtomethedeepestchannelsofhumanlifeandthehumanspirit.IntheafternoonIshouldtakealongwalkinthewoodsandintoxicatemyeyesonthebeautiesoftheworldofnature.Thatnight,Ishouldnotbeabletosleep.第一天，我想見幾個(gè)人，他們用善良、溫柔和陪伴讓我覺得我有活下去的意義。我不知道通過“心靈的窗戶”——眼睛來(lái)了解一個(gè)朋友是怎樣一種體驗(yàn)。因?yàn)槲抑荒芡ㄟ^我的指尖“看見”朋友的面部輪廓。我還要看書，那些別人讀給我的書，那些為我揭示了人生和人類精神的深刻奧秘的書。到了下午，我要在樹林中散步，讓我的目光陶醉在大自然世界的美景中。這個(gè)夜晚，我夜不能寐。5Onmysecondday,Ishouldliketoseethepageantofman’sprogress,andIshouldgotothemuseums.Ishouldtrytoprobeintothesoulofmanthroughhisart.ThethingsIknewthroughtouchIshouldnowsee.TheeveningofmyseconddayIshouldspendatatheateroratthemovies.第二天，我想看人類發(fā)展的奇觀，我要去博物館。我要通過人類的藝術(shù)探究人類的靈魂。那些之前通過觸摸知曉的事物，我現(xiàn)在要親眼看一看。而這一天的傍晚，我要在劇院或電影院度過。6Thefollowingmorning,Ishouldagaingreetthedawn,anxioustodiscovernewdelights,newrevelationsofbeauty.TodayIshallspendintheworkadayworld,第三天清晨，我將再次迎接黎明，熱切地去探索更多愉悅，發(fā)現(xiàn)更多美好。這天我將在平凡的世界里度過，在為生活奔波的人們常去的地方度過。7Atmidnightpermanentnightwouldcloseinonmeagain.OnlywhendarknesshadagaindescendeduponmeshouldIrealizehowmuchIhadleftunseen.午夜，永恒的黑暗將再次把我籠罩。唯有在黑暗再次來(lái)襲時(shí)，我才意識(shí)到我還有那么多事情沒有看到。8Iwhoamblindcangiveonehinttothosewhosee:Useyoureyesasiftomorrowyouwouldbestrickenblind.Andthesamemethodcanbeappliedtotheothersenses.Hearthemusicofvoices,thesongofabird,themightystrainsofanorchestra,asifyouwouldbestrickendeaftomorrow.Toucheachobjectyouwanttotouchasiftomorrowyourtactilesensewouldfail.Smelltheperfumeofflowers,tastewithrelisheachmorsel,asiftomorrowyoucouldneversmellandtasteagain.Butofallthesenses,Iamsurethatsightmustbethemostdelightful.我，一個(gè)盲人，可以給那些看得見的人一個(gè)忠告：要像明天就要慘遭失明之痛一樣去使用你的眼睛。同樣的方法也能用于其他感官：要像明天就要慘遭失聰之痛一樣，去仔細(xì)聆聽音樂的旋律、鳥兒的歌唱、交響樂的震撼音符；要像明天就會(huì)觸覺衰退一樣，去觸摸你想摸的每件物品；要像明天就會(huì)喪失嗅覺和味覺一樣，去聞鮮花的芬香，品嘗美味佳肴。但是，在所有的感覺中，我相信，視覺一定是最令人愉快的。(Excerptsfrom“ThreeDaystoSee”byHelenKeller)(節(jié)選自海倫·凱勒的《假如給我三天光明》)Unit3Faster,higher,strongerUnderstandingideasTHEROADTOSUCCESS成功之路1NearthesmalltownofGrottoes,Virginia,anarrowdirtroadgoesfromthehouseofStephenCurry’sgrandfathertothewoodsnearby.AfarcryfromthebrightlightsandshinycourtsoftheNationalBasketballAssociation(NBA),itwasalongthisroadthatStephen’sgrandfatherbuiltasimplebasketbyattachingapieceofplastictoatelephonepole.在弗吉尼亞州格羅托斯小鎮(zhèn)附近，一條狹窄的土路從斯蒂芬·庫(kù)里的祖父家延伸至附近的樹林。這與美國(guó)男子職業(yè)籃球聯(lián)賽(NBA)賽場(chǎng)上明亮的燈光和閃亮的球場(chǎng)相去甚遠(yuǎn)。正是在這條路上，斯蒂芬的祖父把一塊塑料貼到電線桿上，建了一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)易籃筐。2Likehisfather,basketballstarDellCurry,Stephenspentmanychildhoodhoursplayingonthismuddybasketballcourt.Heprobablydidn’trealiseitatthetime,butitwaswherehelearnttobecreativeandflexibleasaplayer.Yousee,witheveryshot,theweakplasticbackboardgaveway.Thebumpsandrocksthatlinedtheroadunderthebasketcausedtheballtobounceinalldirections.Knowingwheretheballwouldgowasn’teasy.Hehadtoadjusthisownplayingstyleasaresult.Shootingwithgreataccuracywasanotherthinghelearnt.Onlyshotsperfectlyaimedatitscentrewentintotheheavy,thickbasket.Inthisway,practisingdayinanddayouthelpedStephensharpenhisskills.與父親戴爾·庫(kù)里這位籃球明星一樣，斯蒂芬在這個(gè)泥濘的籃球場(chǎng)上度過了許多童年時(shí)光。盡管當(dāng)時(shí)他可能并沒有意識(shí)到，但就是在這里，他學(xué)會(huì)了如何成為一名有創(chuàng)造力、能夠靈活變通的籃球運(yùn)動(dòng)員。你看，每次投籃，不牢固的塑料籃板都搖搖欲墜?；@筐下的小路凹凸不平，布滿了石塊，籃球也因此彈向四面八方。能夠判斷出球反彈的方向并不容易，因此斯蒂芬必須調(diào)整自己的打球方式。他在這里學(xué)到的另一項(xiàng)技能是精準(zhǔn)的投籃技術(shù)。只有完美地瞄準(zhǔn)中心，籃球才能進(jìn)入厚重的籃筐。如此日復(fù)一日地練習(xí)，斯蒂芬的籃球技術(shù)變得爐火純青。3Despitehisfather’ssuccessfulcareer,Stephenwasthoughtbymanypeople,includinghishighschoolteammatesandcoaches,tobetooshort,toothinandtooweaktofollowinhisfather’sfootsteps.ButStephencarriedon.Playingbasketballwashisdream.Hewouldnotgiveup.Hefinallyendedupplayingcollegeballatasmall,little-knownschool,DavidsonCollege,nottoofarfromwherehelived.HiscreativityandperseverancemadehimDavidson’sstarplayer.盡管父親的職業(yè)生涯很成功，但是很多人，包括斯蒂芬的高中隊(duì)友和教練，都認(rèn)為他太矮太瘦弱，無(wú)法延續(xù)他父親的榮耀。但斯蒂芬還是堅(jiān)持了下來(lái)。打籃球是他的夢(mèng)想，他絕不會(huì)放棄。終于，斯蒂芬在規(guī)模不大且鮮為人知的戴維森學(xué)院成為了一名大學(xué)籃球賽的球員，這所學(xué)院離他家不算遠(yuǎn)。斯蒂芬憑借自己的創(chuàng)造性和毅力成為了戴維森學(xué)院的明星球員。4SelectedfortheNBAin2009,StephenjoinedtheGoldenStateWarriors.Heperformedbeyondeveryone’sexpectationswithhisaccurateshootingandcontinuousefforts.In2015,StephenwonhisfirstNBAchampionship,andheledtheWarriorstotheirfirstchampionshipsince1975.2009年，斯蒂芬入選NBA，加入了金州勇士隊(duì)。憑借精準(zhǔn)的投籃和不懈的努力，他的表現(xiàn)令人刮目相看。2015年，斯蒂芬贏得了他的第一個(gè)NBA總冠軍，這也是他帶領(lǐng)勇士隊(duì)獲得的自1975年以來(lái)的第一個(gè)冠軍。5AfterreceivingtheMostValuablePlayerawardfortwoyearsinrow,Stephenexplainedhisphilosophy,“Ineverreallysetouttochangethegame...WhatIwantedtodowasjustbemyself...Iknowitinspiresalotofthenextgeneration,alotofpeoplewholovethegameofbasketballtovaluetheskillofit,valuethefactthatyoucanworkeverysingledaytogetbetter.You’vegottobeabletoputinthetimeandthework.That’showIgothere.That’showIcontinueCurryislivingproofthatwhatotherpeoplethinkofyoudoesnothavetoinfluencewhatyoubecome.Throughself-belief,hardwork,perseveranceandsomehelpfromanoldhoop,hehasshownthatanythingispossible.在連續(xù)兩年獲得“最有價(jià)值球員”獎(jiǎng)后，斯蒂芬闡釋了他的人生觀：“我從未真正想過改變比賽……我只想做我自己……我知道這激勵(lì)著很多后輩、很多熱愛籃球比賽的人，讓他們認(rèn)識(shí)到技術(shù)的重要性，認(rèn)識(shí)到你可以通過每天的不斷努力而變得更好。你必須肯花時(shí)間和精力。這是我走到今天的方法，也是我每一天都能更進(jìn)一步的原因?！彼沟俜摇?kù)里激勵(lì)著所有人去相信自己，他也生動(dòng)地證明了別人對(duì)你的看法并不一定會(huì)影響你成為什么人。通過自信、勤奮、毅力，以及一只舊籃筐的幫助，他向人們證明了一切皆有可能Unit3Faster,higher,strongerDevelopingideasTheReturnoftheChampions冠軍歸來(lái)1“TheatmospherehereatRiodeJaneiroiselectric!IfChinawinsthispoint,theywillwalkoutofthestadiumwithanOlympicgoldmedal.ZhangChangningserves.Overthenet,Popovicdivesfortheball.Sheonlyjustreachesit...andit’ssentstraightbacktoherbytheChinesespikerHuiRuoqi.Popoviccan’tgettheballbackthistime...andthat’sit!It’sover!It’sgoldforChina!Lookhowthecrowdhasgonewild.YoucanseethejoyandprideonthefacesoftheChinesefans.AndthereweseetheChineseplayersembracing,withtearsofhappinessintheireyes...It’sadreamcometrueforChina!TheChinesewomen’svolleyballteamisOlympicchampiononceagain!”“這里是里約熱內(nèi)盧，現(xiàn)場(chǎng)氣氛緊張而熱烈！如果中國(guó)隊(duì)拿下這一分，她們將贏得這枚奧運(yùn)金牌。張常寧發(fā)球。球過網(wǎng)，波波維奇倒地接球，險(xiǎn)險(xiǎn)救起……中國(guó)隊(duì)主攻惠若琪將球扣回，波波維奇這次沒能接住……得分！比賽結(jié)束！中國(guó)隊(duì)獲得了金牌！看，觀眾沸騰了，中國(guó)球迷的臉上洋溢著喜悅和驕傲。我們看到中國(guó)隊(duì)的隊(duì)員們眼含幸福的熱淚，相擁在一起……中國(guó)人實(shí)現(xiàn)了夢(mèng)想！中國(guó)女排重回奧運(yùn)之巔！”2TheChinesewomen’svolleyballteamholdsaveryspecialplaceinthenation’sheart.Inthe1980s,theteamburstontotheinternationalvolleyballscenewithseveralmajorworldtitles,andanamazingthree-setvictoryovertheUnitedStatesinthefinalofthe1984LosAngelesOlympics.Theybecamenationalheroesovernight.TherewasgoldoncemoreatAthensin2004.ButwinninggoldinRiopaintsthemostvividportraitoftheteam’scompetitivespirit.中國(guó)女排在中國(guó)人心中的地位非比尋常。20世紀(jì)80年代，中國(guó)女排贏得了隊(duì)，在國(guó)際排壇大放異彩。一夜之間，中國(guó)女排成為國(guó)民英雄。到了2004年雅典奧運(yùn)會(huì)，女將們?cè)僖淮螖孬@金牌。但是，對(duì)于女排的拼搏精神最生動(dòng)的寫照，卻是這次在里約的奪冠之路。3InRio,theChinesewomen’svolleyballteamneededallofitsfightingspiritafteritwasassignedtothe“groupofdeath”,whereitfacedseveralstrongopponentsinthegroupstagematches.Despitereachingthequarter-finalsasthefourthteaminthegroup,withjusttwowinsinpreliminarymatches,theywerenotgoingtogiveup.Everysinglememberoftheteamgavetheiralltothefight,includingHuiRuoqiwhohadhadheartsurgerylessthanfivemonthspreviously.在里約奧運(yùn)會(huì)上，中國(guó)女排被分配到了“死亡之組”，因此她們必須拼盡全力，對(duì)抗小組賽中遇到的強(qiáng)大對(duì)手。雖然預(yù)賽中僅贏了兩場(chǎng)，到四分之一決賽時(shí)還是小組第四，但她們從未想過放棄。每一個(gè)隊(duì)員都全力以赴投入比賽，包括賽前不到五個(gè)月剛做完心臟手術(shù)的惠若琪。4TheirperseverancepaidoffwithanepiccomebackagainstthedefendingchampionBrazilinthequarter-finals.Next,theChineseteamdefeatedtheNetherlandsinthesemi-finalmatches,havinglosttotheminthepreliminaries.Atlast,showingastrongwillandthesteeliestnerves,theyplayedaclosematchagainstSerbiatoseizegoldinthefinal.在四分之一決賽對(duì)抗衛(wèi)冕冠軍巴西隊(duì)時(shí)，中國(guó)隊(duì)的頑強(qiáng)毅力得到了回報(bào)，她們驚人地贏得了東山再起的機(jī)會(huì)。接著，中國(guó)隊(duì)在半決賽中戰(zhàn)勝了在預(yù)賽中曾惜敗過的荷蘭隊(duì)。決賽時(shí)，雖然與塞爾維亞隊(duì)比分膠著，但憑借著強(qiáng)大的決心和鋼鐵般的意志力，中國(guó)隊(duì)最終勇奪桂冠。5Butfightingspiritalonewasnotenoughtoguaranteevictory.Strongteamspiritalsocontributedgreatlytotheirsuccess.Cooperationbetweenteammembersisessential.Ifeachindividualdoesherjobandworkswellwithothers,thentheendgoalcanbeachieved.Infact,strongteamspiritismoreimportantthantheskillsofindividualplayers.ZhuTing,namedMostValuablePlayerattheRioOlympics,alsoidentifiedthisasthespecialingredientintheteam’ssuccess:“TeamworkisthekeytoChina’svictory.Thankstomyteammates’hardefforts,Ihadtheopportunitytoshowmyspikingskill.”但是僅憑拼搏精神遠(yuǎn)不足以鎖定勝局。強(qiáng)大的團(tuán)隊(duì)精神也是中國(guó)女排成功的一大因素。團(tuán)隊(duì)成員之間的合作至關(guān)重要。只有每一名隊(duì)員都能完成各自的任務(wù)，并與隊(duì)友合作無(wú)間，才能實(shí)現(xiàn)最終目標(biāo)。其實(shí)，強(qiáng)大的團(tuán)隊(duì)精神比隊(duì)員的個(gè)人能力更重要。里約奧運(yùn)會(huì)“最有價(jià)值球員”獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)得主朱婷，也認(rèn)為這是團(tuán)隊(duì)獲勝的訣竅：“團(tuán)隊(duì)合作是中國(guó)隊(duì)獲勝的關(guān)鍵。多虧了隊(duì)友們的努力拼搏，才給了我展現(xiàn)扣球技術(shù)的機(jī)會(huì)?！?Together,theChinesewomen’svolleyballteamhasfoughttheirwaythroughupsanddowns.Ledbywell-knownChinesevolleyballplayerandcoachLangPing,theyhavecontinuedtoaimhigh.Langisonlytooawarethatassoonasnewchallengesahead.Inthisway,theteambeginsitsjourneytothenextOlympics.在這條曲折起伏的道路上，中國(guó)女排共同奮力前行。在知名的前中國(guó)女排運(yùn)動(dòng)員和現(xiàn)任中國(guó)女排總教練郎平的帶領(lǐng)下，隊(duì)員們不斷力爭(zhēng)上游。郎平很清楚，只要走下了領(lǐng)獎(jiǎng)臺(tái)，她們這支隊(duì)伍就得重新出發(fā)，嚴(yán)陣以待，迎接新的挑戰(zhàn)。中國(guó)女排的下一段奧運(yùn)旅程就這樣開始了。Unit4MeetingthemuseUnderstandingideasWhatinspiresyou?你的靈感從哪兒來(lái)？Everyartist’swishistocreatesomethingthatexpressesanidea.Butwheredoartistsgettheirideasfrom?Whoorwhatinspiresthem?Herewefindoutmoreabouttheinfluencesbehindthesuccessesofthreeverydifferentartists.每位藝術(shù)家都希望創(chuàng)作出能表達(dá)自己理念的作品。但藝術(shù)家們的這些理念從何而來(lái)？是誰(shuí)，抑或是什么啟發(fā)了他們？下面，我們進(jìn)一步發(fā)掘了三位截然不同的藝術(shù)家成功背后的因素。FlorentijnHofman,visualartist弗洛倫泰因·霍夫曼，視覺藝術(shù)家1FlorentijnHofmanisaDutchartist,whoselargesculpturesareondisplayallovertheworld.Onewayforhimtofindinspirationisturningtohischildren’stoys.Theseobjectshavegivenhimideasforhisanimalsculptures,suchasthefamousRubberDuck.AmorerecentworkofhisisthehugeFloatingFish,whichwassetamongthebeautifullandscapeofWuzhenWestScenicZone.弗洛倫泰因·霍夫曼是一位荷蘭藝術(shù)家，他創(chuàng)作的大型雕塑在世界各地進(jìn)行展出。他的孩子們的玩具是他的一個(gè)靈感來(lái)源。霍夫曼從這些玩具身上得到啟發(fā)，從而創(chuàng)作出動(dòng)物形狀的雕塑，比如著名的“大黃鴨”。他最近的新作是一條巨大的“浮魚”，位于風(fēng)景宜人的烏鎮(zhèn)西柵景區(qū)內(nèi)。2Hofman’sinspirationforFloatingFishcamefromChinesefolktalespasseddownthroughthegenerations.Hewasparticularlyinterestedintheoldstoryaboutafishjumpingthroughthe“DragonGate”.ThisstorycametolifeforHofmanwhenhevisitedWuzhenandsawhowpeoplelivedthere.霍夫曼表示，“浮魚”的靈感源自世代相傳的中國(guó)民間故事。他對(duì)“鯉魚躍龍門”的古老故事尤其感興趣。當(dāng)他游覽烏鎮(zhèn)，看到當(dāng)?shù)鼐用竦纳顣r(shí)，這個(gè)故事立馬生動(dòng)地浮現(xiàn)于他的腦海中。3“Duringthewalkandmystayhereinthetown,IsawthefishbeingfedbyideaforFloatingFishinmotion.“我住在鎮(zhèn)上期間，當(dāng)我散步的時(shí)候，看到人們?cè)谖刽~。墻上還有魚形的浮雕。”這些畫面讓霍夫曼漸漸浮現(xiàn)創(chuàng)作“浮魚”的念頭。TanDun,composer譚盾，作曲家4“Thereisnoterritoryintheworldofmusic.”ThesearethewordsofChinesecomposerTanDun.HeismostwidelyknownforcomposingmusicforthefilmCrouchingTiger,HiddenDragonandthe2008BeijingOlympics.“音樂的世界沒有邊界?！敝袊?guó)作曲家譚盾如是說。這位著名的作曲家曾為電影《臥虎藏龍》配樂，并為2008年北京奧運(yùn)會(huì)創(chuàng)作音樂。5TolistentoTan’smusicistoexperienceamixofChinesemusicaltraditionsandWesterninfluences.Sincehisfirstopera,NineSongs,TanDunhasbeenusingacombinationofChinesemusicandsoundsfromallovertheworldtotellstories.AsTanoncesaid,Chinesemusicshouldcarry“universalexpression”ofthehumanspiritsoastoberecognisedbythewholeworld.欣賞譚盾的音樂，就是在感受中國(guó)音樂傳統(tǒng)和西方影響的交融。從他的第一部歌劇《九歌》開始，譚盾一直在用中國(guó)音樂和來(lái)自世界各地的樂音講述故事。他曾說過，中國(guó)音樂要承載人文精神的“共同理念”，才能被世界認(rèn)可。YangLiping,dancer楊麗萍，舞蹈家6YangLiping’spassionisdancing.Afterwinninganationalcompetitionin1986withherSpiritofthePeacockdance,shehasbeenknownasthe“PeacockPrincess”.TheinspirationforherfamousdanceshascomefromthetimeshespentinXishuangbanna,YunnanProvince.楊麗萍熱愛舞蹈。1986年，她憑借《雀之靈》在全國(guó)舞蹈大賽上折桂。此后，她成為了家喻戶曉的“孔雀公主”。她許多著名舞蹈作品的靈感都來(lái)源于她在云南西雙版納度過的一段時(shí)光。7“IfeelverygratefulfortheyearsinXishuangbanna,”saysYang.“Itgavemeachancetogodeeperintothelivesofvariousethnicgroups...Ourethnicgroups,especiallytheDaipeople,admirethepeacock.Theythinkthepeacockrepresentsthebeautyofnature.IespeciallylikethedancestyleoftheDaipeopleanditgivesmelotsofinspiration.MydancecomesfromtheirtraditionalbeliefandaimstobringouttheDaiwomen’sbeauty.”楊麗萍說：“我很感激在西雙版納的那些年，它讓我有機(jī)會(huì)深入到各個(gè)民族的生活里面……我們的少數(shù)民族，特別是傣族人民，特別喜愛孔雀。他們認(rèn)為孔雀展現(xiàn)了自然之美。我特別喜歡傣族人的舞蹈風(fēng)格，這給了我很多靈感。我的舞蹈源自他們的傳統(tǒng)信仰，同時(shí)也致力于展現(xiàn)傣族女性的美。”Unit4MeetingthemuseDevelopingideasART&TECHNOLOGY藝術(shù)與科技1Think“art”.Whatcomestoyourmind?IsitGreekorRomansculpturesintheLouvre,orChinesepaintingsinthePalaceMuseum?Ormaybe,justmaybe,it’sadancingpatternoflights?說到“藝術(shù)”，你想到了什么？是盧浮宮里希臘或羅馬的雕塑？抑或是故宮博物院里中國(guó)的名畫？又也許，僅僅是也許，是一片舞動(dòng)的光影？2TheartworksbyAmericanartistJanetEchelmanlooklikecolourfulfloatingcloudswhentheyarelitupatnight.VisitorstooneofherartworksinVancouvercouldnotonlyenjoylookingatit,theycouldalsointeractwithit—literally.Theydidthisbyusingtheirphonestochangeitscoloursandpatterns.Exhibitssuchasthesearecertainlynewandexciting,butaretheyreallyart?美國(guó)藝術(shù)家珍妮特·艾克曼創(chuàng)作了一系列藝術(shù)品，晚上將其點(diǎn)亮?xí)r，它們就像七彩浮云。其中在溫哥華展出的那一件，人們不僅可以欣賞，甚至可以與之互動(dòng)。人們可以通過操作自己的手機(jī)改變它的顏色和圖案。像這樣的展覽品無(wú)疑是新潮的激動(dòng)人心之作，但它們真的可以算是藝術(shù)嗎？3Whateveryouropinion,peopl