高考北師大版英語大一輪復習能力提升題組訓練Unit16Stories

選修6Unit16Stories能力提升題組訓練(A)Ⅰ.閱讀(2019吉林東北師大附中高三三模)ThesciencefictiontypeofentertainmentisconsideredbymosttobefatheredbyJulesVerne(AJourneytotheCenteroftheEarthandTwentyThousandLeaguesUndertheSea)andH.G.Wells(TheTimeMachineandTheWaroftheWorlds).SciFi,asitismonlyshortened,isafictionalstoryinwhichscienceandtechnologyhaveasignificantinfluenceonthecharactersandplot.Manysuchworksareguessworkaboutwhatthefutureholdsandhowscientificfindingsandtechnologicaladvanceswillshapehumankind.Writinginthelate1800s,JulesVernewasremarkablysuccessfulinhis10guessesaboutfuturetechnologiesofairconditioning,automobiles,theInternet,television,andunderwater,air,andspacetravel.Unbelievably,ofallplacesfromwhichtochoose,JulesVerneguessedTampa,Florida,USAasthelaunchingsiteofthefirstprojecttotheMoon,whichwasonly200kilometersawayfromtheactual1969locationatCapeCanaveral,Florida.OneofthebestknownsciencefictionbooksisNineteenEightyFourbyGeorgeOrwell.Publishedin1949,itwasnotmeantasaprediction,butasawarning:Orwellwasdescribingwhathesawastheouteoftheideas,trends,andemergingtechnologiesofhistime.Manyinventedtermsfromthisnovelhavebeemonineverydayuse,suchas“bigbrother”and“doublethink”.Eventheauthor’snamehasbeenmadeintoanadjective—Orwellian—andhasbeeawarningdescriptorforsituationswhereprivacyislostandtheindividualhasnopowerandispletelycontrolledbythegovernment.NineteenEightyFourwastranslatedintosixtyfivelanguageswithinfiveyearsofitspublication,settingarecordthatstillstands.Whathelpsbringsciencefictionintobeingisusuallyanewdiscoveryorinnovation.Theauthorcreatesananalysisofthepotentialinfluenceandconsequencesandthenwrapsitinapleasantstory.Forexample,thebeginningofspaceexplorationwasfollowedafewyearslaterbytheStarTrektelevisionprogramandmovieseries.Thesciencefictionauthor’sselfdeterminedroleistosearchtheworldoffuturepossibilitiesupontheroadwhichwearetraveling.1.Fromthefirstparagraph,weknowthatsciencefictionmightbe.

A.aforecastofhowanewdiscoverycouldinfluencemankindB.abriefreviewofthepresentdrawbacksoftechnologyC.athoughtfullookatthepastandapredictionofthefutureD.ananalysisofhowanewtechnologycouldbeusedtoharmhuman.ichofthefollowingbestdescribesNineteenEightyFour?A.Apredictionoffuturetechnologies. B.Awarningofunfairandcruelruling.C.Themotiveofscientificdevelopment. D.Animaginaryperfectworldoffreedom.3.Fromthepassagewecanlearnthat.

A.H.G.WellspredictedtheInternetinthelate1800sB.NineteenEightyFouradoptedsomepopulartermsC.StarTrekmovieserieswerebasedonspaceexplorationD.CapeCanaveralwasmentionedinJulesVerne’sfiction4.Accordingtotheauthor,whatistheroleofsciencefictioninsociety?A.Areferenceoftechnology. B.Amoralpass.C.Arecordofsciencedevelopment. D.Aformofthinkingaboutpossibilities.語篇解讀:本文是說明文。介紹了過去的幾部科幻小說對未來的預測和對人類的影響。答案及剖析:1.A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的Manysuchworksareguessworkaboutwhatthefutureholdsandhowscientificfindingsandtechnologicaladvanceswillshapehumankind.可知,科幻小說主要是對未來的預測和對人類的影響,故選A。2.B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的itwasnotmeantasaprediction,butasawarning以及Eventheauthor’snamehasbeenmadeintoanadjective—Orwellian—andhasbeeawarningdescriptorforsituationswhereprivacyislostandtheindividualhasnopowerandispletelycontrolledbythegovernment.可知,這部小說是對社會上的不公平和殘酷制度的一種警告,故選B。3.C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的Forexample,thebeginningofspaceexplorationwasfollowedafewyearslaterbytheStarTrektelevisionprogramandmovieseries.可知,《星際迷航》系列就是以太空探險為原形的,故選C。4.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一句Thesciencefictionauthor’sselfdeterminedroleistosearchtheworldoffuturepossibilitiesupontheroadwhichwearetraveling.可知,作者認為科幻小說是對未來可能性的一種推測,故選D。Ⅱ.七選五(2019河北唐山高三一模)Childrenwhohavedevelopedleadershipskillsaresuretohaveabrightfuture.1.Notonlywilltheygainmoreselfesteemandinteractmoreeasilywiththeirpeers,theycanalsomakeanimpactontheirmunity.Thesequalitieswillcontinuetodevelopaschildrengrowup.Herearesimpletechniquestodevelopchildren’sleadershipqualities.

Discusspeerpressure.Childrenareoftenexposedtopeerpressureandworryabouthowothersviewthem.2.Leadershiprequiresbeingsociallyinvolved,butstillhonoringpersonalmoralsandstandards.Discusshypothetical(假設的)peerpressuresituationsandaskkidstoconsiderhowthey’dbehaveindifferentsituations.

3.Whenthey’reabletoclearlyshowtheirthoughts,theyfeelmoreselfconfidentandareabletodealwithplexproblems.Youcanhelpbyencouragingchildrentospeakoutandbylisteningseriouslytotheirthoughts.Althoughmanychildrengothroughrebelliousstages,don’tenforcesilence.Instead,suggestselfexpression.

Teachbyexample.4.Eveniftheydon’texpressitaloud,childrenmayseeyouasarolemodel.Modelleadershipbehaviorbyhelpingothers,volunteeringinleadershippositionsandtakingactionineverydaylife.

Developchildren’sindividualtalentsandencourageparticipation.Everychildhaspotentialforleadershipskills,butnoteverychilddevelopsskillsinthesameway.5.Achildmightbeatalentedathleteorskilledatpaintinganddrawing.Findwaysforkidstodeveloptheseskillsinagroupsetting,whichpromotesteamworkandsocialskills.

A.Encouragechildrentoexpressthemselves.B.Payattentiontospecificinterestsandabilities.C.Findvolunteerandmunityserviceopportunities.D.Childrenstartbenefitingfromleadershipskillsatanyage.E.Childrenwithselfawarenesshaveagreaterabilitytolead.F.Childrenobservetheadultsintheirlives,andvaluewhattheysee.G.Talkwithyourchildrenabouttheimportanceofavoidingpeerpressure.答案:15DGAFBⅢ.完形填空Inkindergarten,Imetmyfirstlove—dancing.Forthelastelevenyears,Ihavespentmanyhoursatthedancestudio.The1Ibeganasalittlegirlhasshapedmypersonality,forming2thatIwillhavefortherestofmylife.

Oncewhileourdanceteam3forthestatepetition,sixseniormembersquitwithoutnotice,leavingourteamwithoutacaptain.Myteam’senthusiasmfortheseasonwascutinhalf.4,Iwasdeterminedtobeethenewcaptainandleadmyteampastthisobstacle.

Duringthefirstpracticeaftertheseniorsquit,myteam’semotionwas5.Asaleader,Itriedtomotivatemyteamthroughexample.Istartedtodo6workoutsidepracticetoimprovemykickingtechnique.MyteamrespectedmeasacoachbecauseIshoweddevotion.Onweekends,Ispenthourstryingtomakeupacreativepetitionroutine.Iwantedmyteammembersto7thedanceandperformwell.

Beforethestatemeet,Idrilledtheroutineintothegirls’headsandconstantlyencouragedthemtoworkharder.Iwouldshoutoutnamesofpeoplewhowere8wellduringthedance,andthegirlswould9withevenmoreenergy.Throughmydanceexperience,IalsofoundIgotbetterby10myself.Imixednewskillsintotheroutineforthestatepetitionto11myteam’stechnique.Wewantedtoprovetoourselvesandourschoolthatwecouldstillbea(n)12danceteamwithoutthegirlswhoquit.

Onthestage,Ifeltmyteam’s13.Iwasproudthatwewereabletorebuildourconfidenceandgobeyondourexpectationsatthestatepetition.Wewere14forallourhardworkbyplacinginthetopfive.Thisexperiencetaughtmealesson:withapassionforsomething,Icould15anyobstaclewithcreativityanddetermination.

1.A.education B.activity C.travel D.research15.A.thinkof B.getover C.careabout D.keepoff語篇解讀:這是一篇記敘文。介紹了作者在舞蹈隊的經(jīng)歷,說明了一個道理:只要對某事有激情和熱情,就會克服任何困難。答案及剖析:1.Beducation教育;activity活動;travel旅行;research研究。舞蹈是作者小時候從事的一項活動。故B項切題。2.Aqualities品質(zhì);petitions競賽;connections聯(lián)系;opinions觀點。由“shapedmypersonality”可知,這里指舞蹈對作者所產(chǎn)生的積極影響,故A項切題。3.Clooked看;left離開;practiced實踐;hoped希望。由下文“Duringthefirstpractice”可知C項切題。4.DOtherwise否則;Besides此外;Instead代替;However然而。句意:然而,我決心成為新的隊長,帶領我的團隊走出困境。故選D。5.Cgrowing生長的;normal正常的;low低的;appealing有吸引力的。由下文“Itriedtomotivatemyteamthroughexample”可知,我試圖通過榜樣的力量來激勵我的團隊,可判斷出團隊情緒低落。故C項切題。6.Bnew新的;extra額外的;little小的;personal個人的。由“improvemykickingtechnique”可知,為了提高踢腿技術,要做額外的練習,故B項切題。7.Alove熱愛;check核對;believe相信;ignore忽略。由“performwell”可知,and連接的是兩個并列成分,所以love符合句意。8.Dplanning計劃;judging判斷;predicting預測;performing表演。作者喊出那些在舞蹈中表現(xiàn)出色的人的名字。所以perform符合句意。故D項切題。9.Bdeal處理;respond回應;defend保衛(wèi);pare對比。前文的shoutout與respond相對應。故B項切題。10.Dreminding提醒;teaching教;protecting保護;challenging挑戰(zhàn)。由前文可知,作者自創(chuàng)了一套固定舞,這在作者的經(jīng)歷中是前所未有的,作者挑戰(zhàn)了自己,使自己成熟了,完美了。故D項切題。11.Cadmire羨慕;share分享;improve提高;prove證明。作者要把這個團隊帶好,所以把新的技能融入到國家競賽的舞步中,就是要提高團隊的技術。故C項切題。12.Dfamiliar熟悉的;similar相似的;ordinary普通的;brilliant極好的。作者之所以要當這個隊長,就是要挑戰(zhàn)自己,向自己和學校證明,即使沒有那些退出的女孩們,也仍然可以成為一支優(yōu)秀的(brilliant)舞蹈隊。13.Cpatience耐心;kindness善意;energy能量;pride自豪。由下文“Iwasproudthatwewereabletorebuildourconfidenceandgobeyondourexpectationsatthestatepetition”,我很自豪我們能夠重建我們的信心,在國家比賽中的表現(xiàn)超越了我們的預期。所以作者在舞臺上感受了他們的自信和活力。故C項切題。14.Arewarded回報;thanked感謝;prepared準備;moved移動。由“byplacinginthetopfive”可知,作者的舞蹈隊進入了前五名,付出終于有了回報。故A項切題。15.Bthinkof想起;getover克服;careabout關心;keepoff使不接觸。由上文可知,作者所帶領舞蹈隊獲得了成功,所以作者覺得只要對某事有激情,就能以創(chuàng)造性和決心克服任何困難。故B項切題。能力提升題組訓練(B)Ⅰ.閱讀A(2019山東濰坊高三模擬)OneofthebestlovedAmericanwriterswasWilliamSydneyPorter,orO·Henry.From1893helivedwithhisfamilyinahouseinAustin,Texas,whichisnowamuseum.VisitorstoAustincanseethehouse.Itwassavedfromdestruction(破壞)andturnedintoamuseumin1934.ThemuseumisagoodwaytolearnabouttheinterestinglifeoftheAmericanwriter.WilliamPorterrentedthishouseinAustinandlivedtherewithhiswifeAtholanddaughterMargaretforabouttwoyears.ManyobjectsinthemuseumcamefromthePorters.Othersdidnot.Animportantpieceintheroomistheoriginalphotooverhere.Itwastakenthereinthehouseabout1895.Thepianotheregoesbacktothe1860s.HiswifetooklessonsonitwhenshefirstmovedtoAustin.Porterwasn’tasuccessfulwriterinthebeginning.Heworkedatafarm,landofficeandbank.Healsolovedwordsandwriting.Themuseumhasaspecialproof(證明書)ofPorter’sloveoflanguage—hisdictionary.Itissaidthathehadreadeverywordinthatdictionary.LaterWilliamPorterwasforcedtoleaveAustinbecausehewascharged(指控)withwrongdoingatthebankandlosthisjob.Becausehewasafraidofatrial(審判),heleftthecountrysecretly.Buthereturnedbecausehiswifewasdying.Afterherdeath,hefacedthetrialandservedthreeandahalfyearsinaprisoninOhio.WilliamPorterwouldkeephistimeinprisonasecret.Buttherewasonegoodthingaboutit.Itprovidedhimwithtimetowrite.Bythetimehewasfreed,hehadpublished14storiesandbecamewellknownasO·Henry.PorterlatermovedtoNewYorkCityandhadgreatsuccessthere.Hepublishedover180storiesinthelasteightyearsofhislife.·Henry’shouseinAustinhasbeenwellkeptsothat.

A.Americanscanstudytheirhistory B.morevisitorswillbeattractedtoAustinC.visitorscanlearnaboutO·Henry’slife D.itcanshowthewayoflifeinthe1860s2.WhydidPorterescapefromAustin?A.Hedidn’twanttolosehisjob. B.Hedidn’twanttomaketrouble.C.Hemeanttosavehiswife’slife. D.Hewasafraidofbeingputintoprison.3.Fromthelastparagraphweknowthat.

A.Portersufferedalotinprison B.PorterbecamefamoussuddenlyC.Porterspenthistimeinprisonwriting D.lifeinprisonprovidedwhatPortercouldwrite語篇解讀:本文記述了美國著名作家歐·亨利在獄中寫作的經(jīng)歷。答案及剖析:1.C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“ThemuseumisagoodwaytolearnabouttheinterestinglifeoftheAmericanwriter.”可知歐·亨利的房子被完好保存,并改成博物館供人參觀是為了讓人們了解歐·亨利的生活。2.D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段前兩句可知,歐·亨利在銀行工作時被指控犯了錯,丟了工作,他害怕接受審判,所以偷偷地離開了這個國家。3.C細節(jié)理解題。由文章最后一段中“Itprovidedhimwithtimetowrite.”可知,他通過寫作度過了監(jiān)獄里的時間。B(2019河南鄭州聯(lián)考)ScientistsareusingrobotstostudythehealthofwatersinandaroundVenice,Italy.Therobotsaredesignedtoactlikefish,otherunderwatercreaturesandplants.ThescientistsareworkingwithseveraluniversitiesandresearchcentersaspartofagroupcalledSUBCULTRON.TheEuropeanUniongivesmoneytotheprojectaspartofitsHorizon2020programwhoseaimistotakegreatideasfromthelabtothemarketandsupportscienceandinnovation(創(chuàng)新)inEurope,andthescientistswanttousetheartificialintelligenceoftherobotstohelphumansunderstandwhatishappeningunderthewateroftheVeniceLagoon(瀉湖)aswell.SUBCULTRON,acollectiveartificialintelligenceproject,planstocreatethebiggestshoal(魚群)ofrobotfishintheworld.Theproject’saimistoimproveknowledgeoftheseabedandtrytoturnhumanabilitiesintohitechitems.AlexandreCampo,aputerscientist,saysthescientistshavelookedatthewayanimalslearntoworkingroupstounderstandhowrobotscanlearntoworktogether.TheSUBCULTRONprojectwantsitsrobotstolearntoworktogethersotheycanwatchoutforchangesandnewproblemsinthewater.Oneproblemtheresearchershadinthebeginningwashowtherobotswouldmunicatewitheachother.Anotherproblemwaschargingbatteries.Therobotseuptothewater’ssurfaceandstaynearaboatorapowerstationtochargewithoutanyelectricalcables.ThehealthstateoftheLagoonisprettygood.Therearenoindustrialpolluters,andthecitynowhasamodernsewer(污水管)system.TherobotsinVenicewillcontinuetheirwork.TheSUBCULTRONprojecthopestheydevelopinto“anartificialsocietyunderneaththewatersurface”thatserves“ahumansocietyabovethewater”.4.WhatcanwelearnabouttheprojectinParagraph1?A.Itsresearchersareallfromuniversities.B.TheEuropeanUnionhasfinanciallysupportedit.C.ItusesrobotstocleanthewatersinandaroundVenice.D.Itisaimedtosupportscienceandinnovationworldwide.5.WhatcanweinferaccordingtoAlexandreCampo?A.Scientistshavegotanideaforrobotsfromtheanimals.B.Therobotsareworkingseparatelytoperformtheirtasks.C.SUBCULTRONistoturnhumanabilitiesintohitechitems.D.ThehealthstateoftheLagoonhasgreatlyimprovedrecently.6.Theunderlinedword“they”inthelastparagraphprobablyrefersto“”.

7.Whatdoestheauthormainlywanttotellusinthepassage?A.Robotsareingintoourcitiessoon. B.Animalscantellushowtocleanthewater.C.WatersinVenicehavebeengreatlycleaned. D.RobotfishwatchoutforthewaterinVenice.語篇解讀:本文是說明文,主要介紹在意大利威尼斯的瀉湖水域,科學家在SUBCULTRON人工智能項目中利用機器魚群來監(jiān)測水質(zhì)。答案及剖析:4.B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“TheEuropeanUniongivesmoneytotheprojectaspartofitsHorizon2020programwhoseaimistotakegreatideasfromthelabtothemarketandsupportscienceandinnovation(創(chuàng)新)inEurope.”可知,歐盟出資支持這一項目。5.A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“AlexandreCampo,aputerscientist,saysthescientistshavelookedatthewayanimalslearntoworkingroupstounderstandhowrobotscanlearntoworktogether.”可知,科學家是通過研究動物來了解機器人該如何學習協(xié)同工作的。6.C詞義猜測題。根據(jù)前句“TherobotsinVenicewillcontinuetheirwork.”可知,they指robots。7.D主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段前三句“ScientistsareusingrobotstostudythehealthofwatersinandaroundVenice,Italy.Therobo