被動(dòng)語態(tài)復(fù)習(xí)

Grammar-----Passivevoice1Structureofknowledge一.復(fù)習(xí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)（RevisethePassiveVoice）英語動(dòng)詞有主動(dòng)語態(tài)（theactivevoice）和被動(dòng)語態(tài)(thepassivevoice)兩種形式.主動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者；被語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的承受者.Everyoneenjoysexcitingsports.（主動(dòng)語態(tài)）Excitingsportsareenjoyedbyeveryone.(被動(dòng)語態(tài))轉(zhuǎn)換規(guī)則：用公式表示為:(主動(dòng))S+V+O

(被動(dòng))O+V(BEDONE)+by+SMissLiisteachingmusicnow.Musicisbeingtaught(byMissLi)now.41.They

make

shoesinthatfactory.

主動(dòng)語態(tài)變被動(dòng)語態(tài)Shoesaremade(bythem)inthatfactory.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)構(gòu)成：S(主語）+am/is/are+過去分詞2.They

bought

tencomputerslastterm．Tencomputers

werebought(bythem)lastterm.一般過去時(shí)：S+was/were+過去分詞一般進(jìn)行完成現(xiàn)在am/is/aregiven過去was/weregiven將來shall/willbegiven時(shí)式二.常見主被動(dòng)時(shí)態(tài)變化一覽表am/is/arebeinggivenhas/havebeengivenwas/werebeinggivenhadbeengivenshall/willhavebeengiven71.Englishisspokenallovertheworld.2.Thewaterisbeingturnedintovapour.3.Thoseroomshavenotbeencleanedyet.4.Hewasseentoentertheroom.5.Atthattimetheywerebeingshownhowtorunthemachine.6.Radioshadjustbeeninventedthen,andpeopleweretalkingaboutsendingpicturesbyelectricity.三.動(dòng)詞不定式的主動(dòng)被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)變化一覽表一般式進(jìn)行式完成式主動(dòng)todotobedoingtohavedone被動(dòng)tobedonetohavebeendone9策劃：《學(xué)生雙語報(bào)》不定式被動(dòng)式的用法:不定式與其邏輯主語之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí),要用不定式的被動(dòng)式.不定式的一般被動(dòng)式即表示其邏輯主語是不定式動(dòng)作的承受者,又表示其動(dòng)作與謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或在其后發(fā)生;不定式的完成被動(dòng)式即表示其邏輯主語是不定式動(dòng)作的承受者,又表示其動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作之前.10Heorderedthebridgetobebuiltwithinthemonth.他命令在月內(nèi)建成這座橋.(一般被動(dòng)式)Shewasgladto

havebeengivensomuchhelp.得到如此多的幫助,她很高興.(完成被動(dòng)式)11高考鏈接:1.Thefluisbelieved_____byvirusesthatliketoreproduceinthecellsinsidethehumannoseandthroat.(2004上海)causingB.beingcausedC.tobecausedD.behavecaused2.Thenewsreportershurriedtotheairport,only____thefilmstarshadleft.(2004福建)totellB.tobetoldC.tellingD.toldCB12策劃：《學(xué)生雙語報(bào)》3.LittleJimshouldlove_____tothetheatrethisevening.(1992全國)TobetakenB.totakeC.beingtakenD.taking4.Thechairlooksratherhard,butinfact,itisverycomfortableto_____.(1988全國)A.sitB.sitonC.besatD.besatonAB13doing的主動(dòng)被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)變化一覽表

時(shí)態(tài)主動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)一般式doingBeingdone完成時(shí)HavingdoneHavingbeendone用所給動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)填空：1.

Thechildren_________________

(allow)totakeatriptoHangzhoutomorrow.2.

Thisbook_____________(write)byafamouswriter50yearsago.3.

Thedoctormust_________________

(send)foratonce.4.

Theschoolsportsmeeting_____________________

(hold)intheplaygroundlastweek.5.

Thewaterinthebasin(臉盆)should___________________

(notuse)towashyourface.6.Thesebottlesshouldn’t______________

(throw)away.Theycanstill________________

(recycle)insomeway.7.

Allkindsofvegetables___________________

(carry)tothecitiesbytruckseverymorning.are/wereallowedwaswrittenbesentwasheldnotbeusedbethrownberecycledarecarried1.

English______widely________

(use)acrosstheworld.2.Theselettersmust______________

(pass)ontothemrightnow.3.

It____________(report)thattherewasabigfireinthenextstreetlastnight.4.

Idon’twantthisletter_________________

(open)rightnow.5.

She_______(love)herstudentsand___________

(love)bythem.6.EverySundaymorning,thekids_____________

(give)artlessons.7.

I________________(tell)thathismotherwasill.isusedbepassedisreportedtobeopenedlovesislovedaregivenwastold主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)：指形式無被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)而含被動(dòng)意義的主動(dòng)形式，即句中某個(gè)名詞或代詞與某個(gè)動(dòng)詞存在邏輯動(dòng)賓關(guān)系或?yàn)楸粍?dòng)關(guān)系，用主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)表被動(dòng)意思。1.下列動(dòng)詞作系動(dòng)詞時(shí)用主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)表被動(dòng)意思,常見的有:look,sound,smell,taste,feel,prove等①Theflowerlooksugly.②Whatyousaidsoundsreasonable.③Thedishsmellsdelicious.④Thefoodtastesgood.⑤Thestoryprovedquitefalse.2.“主語＋beworth＋doing”結(jié)構(gòu)中Thenovelisworthreadingagain.3.當(dāng)need/want/require三動(dòng)詞是表需要的，則這三動(dòng)詞后的動(dòng)詞用v-ing形式,用主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)表被動(dòng)意思（相當(dāng)于tobedone）①M(fèi)ywatchneedsrepairing（＝toberepaired）.②Thehousewantspainting（＝tobepained）.4.某些與can’t,won’t等連用的不及物動(dòng)詞,如move,lock,shut,open等①Itcan’tmove.②Thedoorwon’tshut.③Thewindowwon’topen.5.某些可以和well,easily,smoothly等副詞連用的不及物動(dòng)詞如read,write,wash,clean,draw,burn,cook,sell,lock,open,shut,且主語是非生命的名詞或代詞,用主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)表被動(dòng)意思①Thiskindofbooksellswell.②Thepenwritessmoothly.③Theclothwasheswell.④Thepoemreadssmoothly.⑤Thetabledoesn’tcleaneasily.6.“sb.hassth.todo”結(jié)構(gòu),也用主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)表被動(dòng)意思①Hehasmanyproblemstosolve.②Whitehaslotsofthingstodo.③Ihavearoomtolivein.7.“sth.＋be＋adj.＋todo”結(jié)構(gòu),todo與sth.存在邏輯動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,也用主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)表被動(dòng)意思,這些表語形容詞有hard,difficult,easy,fit,necessary,dangerous等等①Theproblemishardtosolve.②Thewaterisn’tfittodrink.③Thebookiseasytoread.8.sth.betorent,

sthremaintodo,whotoblame①Thetaxiistorent.②Muchremainstofind.③Sheistoblame.10.在一些表語或定語的介詞短語含被動(dòng)意義①be＋under＋n./doing,e.g.Thefirewasundercontrolatlast.②be＋onsale/show,e.g.ManynewtypesofcarsareonshowinBeijing.③be＋inthechargeof,e.g.Thefactoryisinthechargeofmybrother.復(fù)習(xí)填空★英語的語態(tài)分__________和_________。★

__________表示主語是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者?！?/p>

__________則表示主語是動(dòng)作的承受者。由“助動(dòng)詞___+________”構(gòu)成：

Everybodylikeshim.大家都喜歡他。

(______語態(tài))Heislikedbyeverybody.他受到大家的喜歡。

(______語態(tài))一、主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)概說主動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)主動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)be過去分詞主動(dòng)被動(dòng)二、何時(shí)使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)1.不知道誰是_______________或沒有必要

如：

Paperismadefromwood.

Thehouseisquiteold.Itwasbuiltin1950.

Hewaswoundedinthefight.

動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者二、何時(shí)使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)2.需要____________________時(shí)

如：

Calculatorcan'tbeusedinthemathsexam.

Booksandnewspapersinthereading

roommustn'tbetakenaway.

Hewasawardedfirstprizeinthatcontest.

強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者二、何時(shí)使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)3.為了使____________，避免提及自己或?qū)Ψ蕉褂帽粍?dòng)語態(tài)，或由于修飾的需要，使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，使句子得以更好的安排。如：

Theconstructionofthenewlabmustbe

completedbytheendofnextmonth.

Electricityisusedtorunmachines.

語氣婉轉(zhuǎn)三、主動(dòng)語態(tài)變被動(dòng)語態(tài)的方法

1.主動(dòng)語態(tài)變被動(dòng)語態(tài)的基本方法將主動(dòng)語態(tài)的__________變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的________，將主動(dòng)謂語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)謂語

(____________)，將主動(dòng)語態(tài)的主語變?yōu)?/p>

_____短語(在被動(dòng)句中用作狀語)：

Hebrokethecup.→________________________________★注意：若不強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)詞執(zhí)行者，被動(dòng)語態(tài)中的

by短語通?？梢允÷裕孩偎?986年。_____________________②這種花叫什么花？____________________賓語主語be+過去分詞byThecupwasbrokenbyhim.Hewasbornin1986.Whatisthisflowercalled?高考鏈接1.---Yourjob___openforyourreturn.---Thanks.(2006北京)A.willbekeptB.willkeepC.hadkeptD.hadbeenkept2.Ihavetogotoworkbytaxibecausemycar____atthegarage.(2006重慶)A.willberepairedB.isrepairedC.isbeingrepairedD.hasbeenrepaired3.Customersareaskedtomakesurethatthey____therightchangebeforeleavingtheshop.(2006重慶)A.willgiveB.havebeengivenC.havegivenD.willbegiven4.Whenheturnedprofessionalattheageof11,Mike____tobecomeaworldchampionbyhiscoachandparents.(2006上海)expectedB.wasexpectingC.wasexpectedD.wouldbeexpected5.---Idon’tsupposethepoliceknowwhodidit.---Well,surprisinglytheydo.Amanhasbeenarrestedand____now.(2006江蘇)A.hasbeenquestionedB.isbeingquestionedC.isquestioningD.hasquestioned6.Themomentthe28thOlympicGames____open,thewholeworldcheered.(2