2022版高中英語(yǔ)人教版浙江專用一輪閱讀七選五四

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閱讀七選五專練（四）

（限時(shí)25分鐘）

A

Somepeoplecansitoutsideallsummerlongandnotsufferfrom

mosquitobites.Othersgetalotofbites.Whatgives?

1.Mosquitoesusespecializedbehaviorsandsensoryorgansto

findvictimsbyfollowingthesubtle（彳散妙的）chemicaltracestheirbodies

leavebehind.Inparticular,mosquitoesrelyoncarbondioxidetofind

theirhosts.Mosquitoesstartflyingupwindtowardsthecarbondioxideas

theysenseit.2.

Thingsstartgettingpersonalwhenmosquitoesgetabout3feetaway

fromagroupofpotentialtargets.Inclosequarters,mosquitoestakeinto

accountalotoffactorsthatvaryfrompersontoperson,includingskin

temperature,thepresenceofwatervaporandcolor.Scientistsbelieve

thatmosquitoesrelyonthechemicalcompoundsproducedbythe

bacterialivingonourskintochoosevictims.3.

Ifyoucompareafatheranddaughterinthesamehousehold,there

canbedifferencesintheamountsofthechemicalsthebacteriaare

making.Researchersfoundthatmenwithagreaterdiversityofskin

bacteriatendedtogetfewermosquitobitesthanmenwithlessdiverse

skinbacteriadid.4.Thecompositionofthosebacteriacanalso

varyovertimeinthesameindividual,particularlyifthatpersonissick.

Wedon'thavemuchcontroloverthebacteriaonourskin,but

scientistsdidoffersomeadvicebasedontheirresearch.5,so

considerwearingsomethinglighteratyournextcookout.

A.Mosquitoeslovethecolorblack

B.Mosquitoeshaveagoodsenseofsmell

C.Thesechemicalcompoundsvaryfromperson

D.Somechemicalcompoundsattractmosquitoes

E.It'smostlyabouttheinvisiblechemicalsaroundus

F.Usingcarbondioxide,mosquitoescanlockontotargetsfrom50

metersaway

G.Thesedifferencescanaccountforbigdifferencesinhowmanybitesa

persongets

【文章大意】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，解釋了為什么有些人容易被蚊子咬,

而有些人則不被蚊子咬。

1.選E。下句提到“byfollowingthesubtlechemicaltraces”,E選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)

chemicals一詞，與之呼應(yīng)，同時(shí)也是對(duì)上段末尾Whatgives的回答。故

選Eo

2.選F。F項(xiàng)中的carbondioxide與上句中該詞屬"詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)"。是對(duì)上

句的進(jìn)一步解釋。

3.選C。C項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)了上句中的chemicalcompounds,與上句談?wù)摰氖?/p>

同一個(gè)話題，銜接合理。

4.選G。G項(xiàng)中的Thesedifferences與本段第一句中"differences”指的

是同一種"不同G項(xiàng)中的"howmanybitesapersongets”與上句語(yǔ)義一

致。

5.選A。根據(jù)空格后的"somethinglighter”可知，此句談?wù)摰氖欠b顏

色，所以A項(xiàng)“蚊子喜歡黑色”符合語(yǔ)境。

【知識(shí)拓展】詞匯積累

specializedadj.專業(yè)的；專門的

particularaof/.特別的;詳細(xì)的；獨(dú)有的

personaladj.個(gè)人的；身體的；親自的

potentialadj.潛在的，可能的

diversityn.多樣性；差異

individualadj.個(gè)人的；個(gè)別的

B

Thehumanbodycan'thandleextremeheat.Theprocessesthatkeep

usaliveworkbestwithinacertaintemperaturewindow.That'sgenerally

betweenabout36°and37°Celsius,dependingontheperson.

Ifsomeone'sbodytemperaturegoeshigher,thebody'sprimary

responsetoheatistotryandgetridofit.Togetridoftheheat,blood

vessels（血管）intheskinexpand.1Thatpushesbloodflowtotheskin.

There,thebloodcanreleaseheattocooldown.Meanwhile,sweating

kicksintocooltheskin.

2ThatlimitdependsonanindividualJshealth,aswellasthe

temperatureandhumidity（濕度）outside.Iftheoutsidetemperaturesare

hotterthanthebody,bloodattheskinwon'treleaseheat.Andwhere

humidityishigh,sweatingwon'tcooltheskin.

3Inthatcase,peoplecanexperienceheatexhaustion,

whichcausesweakness,dizzinessandsickness.Ifapersonstilldoesn't

cooloff,heatstroke（中暑）mayoccur.4Thiscanallowthebody

temperaturetoclimbashighas40°C.Thatishighfever.Without

treatment,deathmayfollow.

Nooneisimmunetoheat.Butithitssomegroupsharderthanothers.

Theelderlyareconsideredthemosteasytobeattacked.Onereason:

Theyhavefewersweatglands.Buttheirbodiesalsorespondmoreslowly

torisingtemperatures.5

Manypeopleseeheatasmoreofanannoyancethanathreat.But

climatechange,extremeheatandhumanhealthareallconnected.As

Earth'stemperaturesclimb,extremeheatwaveswillprobablybecome

morecommon,endangeringmorepeople.

A.Thebodycan'tenduretoomuchheat.

B.Atthesametime,theheartbeginsbeatingfaster.

C.Butthereisalimittohowmuchthebodycanadjust.

D.Thissignalsthatthebody'sabilitytoregulateheathasbrokendown.

E.Ifthebodytemperaturestayshighforlong,someorganscanbe

damaged.

F.Ifthebodyhastokeepdealingwithheatwithoutabreak,itgetsworn

out.

G.Children,too,areatriskbecausetheyhaven'tfullydevelopedthe

abilitytoregulateheat.

【文章大意】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了過(guò)高的溫度對(duì)人生命的影響。

1.選Bo根據(jù)空格后的句子“Thatpushesbloodflowtotheskin."可知,

上句應(yīng)該涉及心臟的內(nèi)容。故選B。

2.選C?？崭裎挥诙问?，一般起到上下段之間邏輯聯(lián)系的作用。上段提

到血液和汗液對(duì)降溫的作用。本段下文提到個(gè)體情況以及外部溫度對(duì)

體溫調(diào)劑的影響。上下段之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，C項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。

3.選F。根據(jù)下句中的Inthatcase,可知空格處與下句之間為因果關(guān)

系。再根據(jù)下句中exhaustion與F項(xiàng)中的同義轉(zhuǎn)換詞wornout可知，F(xiàn)

項(xiàng)正確。

4.選D。根據(jù)前面的"heatstrokemayoccur”可知，D項(xiàng)（這表明身體調(diào)節(jié)

熱量的能力已經(jīng)崩潰）語(yǔ)意連貫，符合語(yǔ)境。

5.選G。本段先提出/zithitssomegroupsharderthanothers^,然后舉例

說(shuō)明這一現(xiàn)象,第一個(gè)例子為"Theelderly.G項(xiàng)，"Children,too,

areatrisk”與第一個(gè)例子并列，邏輯合理。

C

HowtheInternetWorks

TheInternetConnectsSmallerNetworks

Inaverysimplecomputernetwork,twocomputersarelinked

togetherinordertocommunicate.1.Youcanexpandthatnetwork

toincludemorecomputerseasilywitharouter.Whenonerouteris

connectedtoanother,thenetworkisabletoscalewithoutlimit.

CommunicatingovertheInternet

OntheInternet,datafromindividualcomputersandnetworksis

senttotheuser'sInternetserviceprovider(ISP).2.Userscan

communicatewithaspecificcomputerontheInterneteitherbytypingin

thecomputer*sInternetprotocol(IP)addressorbyusingitsdomain

name(域名).

TraditionalInternetInfrastructure(基石出設(shè)施)

3.Modemschangethedatafrombusinessandhomenetworks

intoinformationthatcanbemanagedoverthetelephoneinfrastructure.

Insteadofthepoint-to-pointcircuitswitchingusedintraditionalvoice

calling,theInternetusespacketswitchingforsendingdataamong

countlesscomputers.

4

Whilethetwowordsaresometimesusedalmostinterchangeably,

theInternetisnotthesamethingastheWeb.TheWebisaservicebuilt

ontopoftheInternet.Fortypingindomainnamesandbrowsingwebsites,

end-usersrelyonWebbrowsersoftware.Webbrowserssendmessagesto

certaincomputersonthenetwork,whichareknownasWebservers.

RiseoftheMobileInternet

Withthepopularityofmobilesmartphonesandtabletscomputers,

amobileInternethasarisenthatusestowerstopassinformationtoand

fromsatellites.Thephonesusetheirbuilt-inantennas（天線）tosend

informationtothetowersandfetchdata.5.

A.TheInternetisdifferentfromtheWeb

B.WeusetwowordstodescribetheInternet

C.Typically,thisisdoneeitherphysicallyorwirelessly

D.Traditionally,thedatatraffichasrunovercablenetworks

E.Generally,wecancommunicatewitheachotherviathesatellite

F.EachISPrunsspecialrouterscapableofcommunicatingwithothers

G.Thus,cellphonescanbeusedwhereveryoucanconnectwithatower

station

【文章大意】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了網(wǎng)絡(luò)的運(yùn)行方式。

1.選C?？疾樯舷挛穆?lián)系。本段解釋什么是電腦網(wǎng)絡(luò)，C項(xiàng)中的this指

代上文中的"simplecomputernetwork”,C項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。

2.選F?？疾樯舷挛恼Z(yǔ)義的連續(xù)性。根據(jù)關(guān)聯(lián)信息ISP可知，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)與上

句涉及的內(nèi)容一致。符合語(yǔ)境。

3.選D?？疾樯舷挛恼Z(yǔ)義的連續(xù)性。根據(jù)D項(xiàng)中Traditionally可知，此

選項(xiàng)與標(biāo)題語(yǔ)義一致，cablenetworks與標(biāo)題中的Infrastructure語(yǔ)義有

關(guān)聯(lián)。故選Do

4.選A。考查段落標(biāo)題。本段主要講述Internet與Web兩個(gè)詞的不同。

故選A。

5.選Go考查總結(jié)與歸納。本段主要講述移動(dòng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)，以及手機(jī)接收信

息的原理，故G項(xiàng)順承上句，符合語(yǔ)境。

【知識(shí)拓展】長(zhǎng)難句分析

Modemschangethedatafrombusinessandhomenetworksintoinformationthat

canbemanagedoverthetelephoneinfrastructure.

分析：modems調(diào)制解調(diào)器；change...into...把...轉(zhuǎn)換成....;telephone

電+話基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施;引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾

infrastructurethatinformationo

譯文：調(diào)制解調(diào)器將來(lái)自商業(yè)和家庭網(wǎng)絡(luò)的數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換成可以通過(guò)電+話基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施

進(jìn)行管理的信息。

D

Pushyourselfandyou'IIfindhowstrongyouare

Howstrongareyou?Thatisatoughquestiontoanswerbothtoa

manandawoman.Buthowdoyoudefineyourstrength?Howdoyou

knowyourlimits?]Whenpushcomestopress,weoften

discoverthatwearemuchstrongerthanwethink.

2Strengthisnotalwaysaboutpurephysicalstrength.Rather,

itisaboutwillpower.Itisaboutthecapacitytogetthingsdone.

Iknowsomepeoplewhoareintellectuallystrong,buttheygetvery

littledoneintheirjobs.AndIknowotherswhofindworkextremely

challenging,butareabletomovemountainsbytheirfulldriveandhard

work.Theypossessinnerstrength.

Moreinterestingisthattheseproductivehard-workersoftendon't

evennoticetheload.Bystandersarenotonlyamazedbutoftenask,

“Howdoyoudoit?"Theanswerusuallycomesback,"\justworkharder

thantheothers."

So,whyaresomepeopleabletodomore?Whatgivesthem

addeddrive?Whatgivesthemextrastrength?Coulditbe,theyhave

simplygiventhemselvespermissiontodomore?

Self-setlimits.3Sometimestheseboundariesarebasedonpast

experiences.Sometimestheyarebasedonsensedcapacities.Sometimes

theselimitsarebasedonnothing.So,howdowebreakthroughthese

limits?Howdowegetstronger?

Pushingit.Manypeoplearegoingthroughthemotions,butare

nowhereneartheirlimits.4Pushingitiswhatittakestoincrease

yourlimits.

Inthegym,bodybuildersdiscoveredthislongago.But,thesame

principleistruewhenitcomestoinnerstrength.Disciplineanddrive.

Wanttotestyourlimits?Pushyourself.Testyourself-awarelimitationto

seehowaccuratetheyare.Makesureyourgoalsareslightlybeyondwhat

youthinkcanbeachieved.

Youarestrongerthanyouthink.Mostpeopleunderestimatetheir

strength.Asyougothroughyourday,challengeyourcapacity.Testyour

limits.Pushyourselftofindyourtrueboundariesanddefineyourstrength.

5

A.WhatisStrength?

B.Canyoubesureifyouhaven'ttried?

C.Howdoyouknowjusthowmuchyou'vegot?

D.WhatIhaveobservedisthatmostpeoplesettheirownlimits.

E.Ifyouwanttobestronger,youhavetopushyourboundaries.

F.Whenyoudiscoverhowmuchyou'vereallygot,youmaysurprise

evenyourself.

G.Theylimittheiroutputbasedonself-builtlimitationoftheircapabilities

andstrengths.

【文章大意】這是一篇議論文。論述了不逼自己一把就不知道自己有

多厲害的觀點(diǎn)以及為何給自己加壓的道理。

1.選C。過(guò)渡句，根據(jù)該段小標(biāo)題Howstrongareyou?和其前的兩句

Buthowdoy