2019外研社版高中英語(yǔ)選修二 Unit 6 Survival 知識(shí)清單(教師版)

閱讀單詞認(rèn)讀foxn.狐貍seasideadj.海濱的predatorn.掠食動(dòng)物,捕食性動(dòng)物newcomern.新來(lái)者flourishv.生長(zhǎng)茂盛,興盛containern.容器lambn.羔羊肉garlicn.(大)蒜migratoryadj.遷徙的kitn.成套工具clayn.黏土caven.洞穴heatwave酷熱期,熱浪期indoorsadv.在室內(nèi)fueln.燃料supplementv.補(bǔ)充,增補(bǔ),增加eliminatev.消除,根除firefightern.消防隊(duì)員blazen.烈火,大火fierceadj.惡劣的,極端的Marsn.火星wipev.擦,拭,揩nuclearadj.核武器的hostileadj.(生長(zhǎng)環(huán)境)惡劣的unmannedadj.無(wú)人駕駛(操縱)的spacecraftn.航天器,宇宙飛船orbitv.環(huán)繞……運(yùn)行stunningadj.極具吸引力的;令人驚奇的astronautn.航天員,宇航員,太空人dustn.沙土,塵土capsulen.(航天器的)密封艙,太空艙trunkn.樹干重點(diǎn)單詞識(shí)記suburbn.郊區(qū),城郊thiefn.小偷,賊urbanadj.城鎮(zhèn)的,城市的garbagen.垃圾estimatev.估計(jì),估算crucialadj.至關(guān)重要的,關(guān)鍵性的agencyn.機(jī)構(gòu);(尤指政府內(nèi)的)局,部,處inferv.推斷,推定核心詞匯拓展crimen.罪,罪行→criminaln.罪犯adj.犯罪的greedyadj.貪婪的,貪心的;渴望的→greedn.貪婪;渴望→greedilyadv.貪心地,貪婪地commitv.犯(錯(cuò)誤或罪行)→commitmentn.承諾;花費(fèi);獻(xiàn)身;投入→committedadj.盡心盡力的;堅(jiān)定的;堅(jiān)信的appreciatev.欣賞;賞識(shí);鑒賞→appreciationn.欣賞;感激→appreciativeadj.贊賞的;感激的restrictv.限制,控制→restrictionn.限制;限定→restrictiveadj.限制性的hikern.徒步旅行者,遠(yuǎn)足者→hikev.去遠(yuǎn)足optimisticadj.樂觀的;樂觀主義的→optimismn.樂觀主義→pessimisticadj.(反)悲觀的consumptionn.(精力、油、電等的)消耗量→consumev.消耗→consumern.消費(fèi)者reactvi.(作出)反應(yīng),回應(yīng)→reactionn.反應(yīng),回應(yīng)monthlyadj.每月一次的→monthn.月,月份advancedadj.先進(jìn)的,高級(jí)的→advancevi.前進(jìn);取得進(jìn)展n.進(jìn)展,進(jìn)步terrifyingadj.極其可怕的,駭人聽聞的→terrifiedadj.害怕的→terrifyv.使害怕→terrorn.恐怖,恐懼consistv.由……組成→consistentadj.一致的exposev.使暴露(于險(xiǎn)境)→exposuren.暴露,顯露→exposedadj.暴露的核心短語(yǔ)速記inone’sway擋某人的路outofreach夠不到underconstruction在建設(shè)之中fitinwith適應(yīng);與……一致getatastefor嘗一嘗;體驗(yàn);感受crashinto撞擊,闖入amountto總計(jì)splitup分開copewith應(yīng)付(某種情況)bring...undercontrol使……處于控制之下getridof擺脫,除去wipeout徹底摧毀,消滅consistof由……組成,由……構(gòu)成inthemeantime在此期間,與此同時(shí)innocentadj.清白的;無(wú)辜的insertvt.插入insightn.洞察力,洞悉,深刻見解inspectvt.檢查;檢驗(yàn);審視instantaneousadj.瞬間的,即刻的instructvt.通知;指示instructionn.說(shuō)明,須知;教導(dǎo)instrumentaladj.起作用的;用樂器演奏的insurancen.保險(xiǎn)integraladj.構(gòu)成整體所必需的,基本的Withnowhereelsetomaketheirhomes,theyhavenochoicebuttomoveinwithus.(havenochoicebuttodo)由于無(wú)處安家,它們別無(wú)選擇只能搬來(lái)和我們一起住。Asourcitiesbecomegreener,theyofferincreasinglyappealingspacestoanimalslookingfornewhabitats.(as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句)隨著我們的城市環(huán)境變得更好,它們?yōu)閷ふ倚聴⒌氐膭?dòng)物提供了越來(lái)越吸引人的空間。Thereisevidencethaturbanracoonsaremoreintelligentthantheirwildcousins...(that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句)有證據(jù)表明,城市里的浣熊比它們的野生近親更聰明……Onlythencanwelooktowardsharmoniouslysharingoururbanhabitats.(“only＋狀語(yǔ)”置于句首的倒裝句)只有那時(shí),我們才能期待和諧地共享我們的城市棲息地。Oneoptionistoexploreotherplanetstoseeifwecouldliveonthem.(if引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句)一種選擇是探索其他星球,看看我們能否在上面生活。ThereisnodoubtthathumankindisdrawntowardsMars,withdreamsofmakingitoursecondhome.(There’snodoubtthat...)毫無(wú)疑問,人類被火星吸引,夢(mèng)想著把它作為我們的第二個(gè)家園。請(qǐng)先從表格中選用本單元所學(xué)詞匯完成下列短文,然后核對(duì)答案并背誦該短文。inthemeantime,wipeout,copewith,expose,getridofLivingintheurbanareas,whenyoufeelstressed,howwillyou1.copewithit?WheneverIfeeldown,Iusuallygotothesuburbasahikerto2.getridofmypressure.3.Exposedtotheblueskyandfreshair,Itakeagreedybreath.Duringthemonthlyhike,IappreciatewhateverIcansee,which4.wipesoutmystress.5.Inthemeantime,mymentalconditionreactstothesurroundingsactively.Igetbackmyoptimisticattitudetolifeandworkandcanbringeverythingundercontrol,whichfuelsmetogoahead.提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為本單元詞匯appreciatev.欣賞;賞識(shí);感激,感謝;理解;意識(shí)到(appreciationn.欣賞;感激;理解)appreciatedoing...欣賞/感激做……Iwouldappreciateitif...假如……我將不勝感激。inappreciationof欣賞;感激Iappreciatedbeinggiven(give)theopportunitytoworkinthesuburbtwoyearsago.Pleaseacceptthisgiftinappreciation(appreciate)ofallyou’vedoneforus.如果你考慮我的建議我將感激不盡,我的確希望你的論文對(duì)環(huán)境保護(hù)有所幫助。(應(yīng)用文寫作之建議信)I’dappreciateitifyoucouldtakemytips/suggestions/adviceintoaccount/considerationandIdohopethatyourpaperwillmakeadifferencetoenvironmentalprotection.用法點(diǎn)撥appreciate后不接不定式;其后只能接“事”作賓語(yǔ),而不能接“人”作賓語(yǔ);且其后不直接跟從句,需先接it,再接從句,類似用法的動(dòng)詞還有：like,enjoy,hate,love,take,have等。reactvi.反應(yīng);作出反應(yīng);回應(yīng)(reactionn.反應(yīng);回應(yīng))reactto對(duì)……作出反應(yīng)reactagainst反對(duì);反抗reactwith與……起化學(xué)反應(yīng)Ican’timaginehowmysisterwillreacttothenewsthatshewillbeemployedbythebigfirmintheurbandistrict.Thechemistryteachershowsushowironreactswithairandwater.父親的反應(yīng)讓我很驚訝,我想知道他怎么能如此鎮(zhèn)靜。(讀后續(xù)寫之情感描寫)Myfather’sreactionastonishedme.Iwasanxioustoknowhowhecouldbesocalm.terrifyingadj.令人恐懼的;極其可怕的,駭人聽聞的(terrifiedadj.恐懼的;害怕的terrifyvt.使恐懼,使驚嚇terrorn.驚恐,恐懼)beterrifiedof對(duì)……感到驚恐beterrifiedat/by/with...被……嚇了一跳interror驚慌地terrifysbintodoing...嚇唬某人做……Thegreedygunman’sthreatsterrifiedherintohanding(hand)overhermoney.Afterhisterrifying(terrify)adventure,Macfeltrelievedwhenhereachedhomesafeandsound.我非常害怕,覺得兩腿發(fā)抖,手心冒汗。(讀后續(xù)寫之心理描寫)Extremelyterrified,Ifeltmylegstremblingandmypalmssweating.consistv.組成;構(gòu)成;在于;一致(consistentadj.一致的;連續(xù)的)consistof(＝bemadeupof,becomposedof)由……組成consistin(＝liein)在于……;存在于……consistwith和……一致beconsistentwith與……一致;符合Wecaninferfromthepassagethattruewealthdoesnotconsistinwhatwehavebutinwhatweare.Remember,evenworldchampionathletespracticetheirskillsonaconsistent(consist)basis.(2020新高考全國(guó)Ⅰ)這個(gè)電影由兩部分組成,介紹了我校的現(xiàn)狀。Thefilm,whichconsistsof/ismadeupof/iscomposedoftwoparts,introducesthepresentsituationofourschool.Thefilm,consistingof/madeupof/composedoftwoparts,introducesthepresentsituationofourschool.(分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ))(定語(yǔ)從句)exposev.使置身于危險(xiǎn)中;暴露;揭露;使曝光(exposuren.暴露,顯露exposedadj.無(wú)遮蔽的;無(wú)保護(hù)的)exposesth/sb/oneselfto...使某物/某人/自己暴露于……beexposedto暴露于;經(jīng)受Beingexposed(expose)tothegarbagefortoolongwillbeharmfultoyourhealth.Somepeoplethinkweshouldn’texposechildrentoplaying(play)computergames.Asshewasexposedtosuchloudmusic,thegirlfeltalittleuncomfortable.→Exposedtosuchloudmusic,thegirlfeltalittleuncomfortable.(用過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)改寫)→Exposingherselftosuchloudmusic,thegirlfeltalittleuncomfortable.(用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)改寫)that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句Thereisevidencethaturbanracoonsaremoreintelligentthantheirwildcousins...有證據(jù)表明,城市里的浣熊比它們的野生近親更聰明……that引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句常作news,fact,hope,idea,suggestion,promise,truth等名詞的同位語(yǔ)。that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)的區(qū)別在于：引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí),that為關(guān)系代詞,在從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ),有意義;而引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句時(shí),that在從句中只起引導(dǎo)詞的作用,不作成分,沒有意義。Theideathattheintelligentrobotscanreacttohumanvoicessurprisesmanypeople.Hemadeapromisetohissonthat/whichmadehissonexcitedallday.這些年來(lái)地球逐漸變暖的事實(shí),使許多科學(xué)家感到擔(dān)憂。Thefactthattheearthisbecomingwarmerandwarmertheseyearshasworriedmanyscientists.(2022全國(guó)乙)VerysmalldroneswithadvancedsensorsandAIandtravellingaheadofthetraincouldguideitlikeaco-pilot.帶有先進(jìn)傳感器和人工智能的小型無(wú)人機(jī),在火車前面行駛的話,就可以像副駕駛員一樣指引火車。(2022全國(guó)乙)Theyoftencoveronlytheireyeswiththeirhands,leavingtherestoftheirbodiesexposed.他們通常只用手遮住眼睛,身體的其他部分都暴露在外。(2021新高考全國(guó)Ⅰ)Thiswasthesortofworkthatmadeyouappreciatethedollarsyouearnedandrespectthosewhodidthework.這種工作能讓你學(xué)會(huì)重視自己的勞動(dòng)所得,并尊重做那些工作的人。(2021天津第二次筆試)Mohaniscautiousaboutthisapproach,yetshesupportsthepurposebehindthesedigitalbeingsandisoptimisticaboutwheretheyareheaded.Mohan對(duì)這種方法持謹(jǐn)慎態(tài)度,但她贊成這些數(shù)字存在背后的目的,并對(duì)他們的未來(lái)持樂觀態(tài)度。(2020新高考全國(guó)Ⅰ)AccordingtoarecentstudyintheJournalofConsumerResearch,boththesizeandconsumptionhabitsofoureatingcompanionscaninfluenceourfoodintake.根據(jù)《消費(fèi)者研究雜志》最近的一項(xiàng)研究,我們吃飯同伴的體型和消費(fèi)習(xí)慣都會(huì)影響我們的食物攝入量。(2020浙江1月)SchooluniformsaretraditionalinBritain,butsomeschoolsarestartingtogetridofthem.穿校服在英國(guó)是傳統(tǒng),但一些學(xué)校已經(jīng)開始擺脫這種穿校服的傳統(tǒng)了。提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為上一單元詞匯一詞多義練/熟詞生義練——清除閱讀障礙advanceA.vt.提高,促進(jìn)B.vi.前進(jìn);向前移動(dòng)C.adj.預(yù)先的D.n.進(jìn)步Thecrazymanadvancedtowardsus,shoutingangrily.BBycomparison,thisnewlearningmethodadvancedourcareer.AThelastdecadesawmanyadvancesintechnology,andthenextfewyearswillseemore.DPleasegiveusadvancewarningofanychanges.C快速閱讀下列句子并猜測(cè)句中加黑詞匯的意思。Apparently,highsalarieshelpedtofuelinflation.刺激Thedoctoradvisedmetotakeacapsulethismorning.膠囊核心知識(shí)強(qiáng)化練——鞏固語(yǔ)言知識(shí)It’sestimatedthatinthepast50yearsaround80percentofBeijing’scourtyardhouseshavebeenwipedout.Weallenjoyourfreedomofchoiceanddonotliketoseeitrestricted(restrict)whenitiswithinthelegalandmoralboundariesofsociety.Itwouldbesaferforahiker(hike)towearapairofjeansorpants.Itisinferred(infer)thatecologyhasbeendamagedinthisarea.I’dappreciateitifyoucouldmakehelpfulcommentsonmywork.Ifcircumstancespermit,Iwillgoontalkingaboutthecrucialproblem,whichisdifficulttocopewith.Itiscrucially(crucial)importantthatwetakeactiontotackletheincident.Thoughhegotwhathehadwanted,helookedattheshopwindowwithgreedy(greed)eyes.MrWangisjustoneofthevictims,fromwhosehousesthieves(thief)stolesubstantialsumsofmoney.Tohismother’sdelight,hemadeagreatadvanceinEnglish.單句寫作——應(yīng)用文增分練(感謝即將回國(guó)的友人曾經(jīng)提供幫助)我寫信是為了對(duì)你的幫助表示衷心的感謝。(appreciation)Iamwritingtoconveymysincereappreciationtoyouforyourhelp.兩個(gè)月前我的腿受傷時(shí),我別無(wú)選擇,只能待在醫(yī)院里,情緒低落。(havenochoicebuttodo)WhenIhadmyleginjuredtwomonthsago,Ihadnochoicebuttostayinhospital,inlowspirits.如果不是因?yàn)槟忝刻鞄椭以诰€學(xué)習(xí),我不可能順利地學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。(that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句)Ifithadn’tbeenforthefactthatyouhelpedmelearnEnglishonlineeveryday,Icouldn’thavemademyEnglishstudygosmoothly.毫無(wú)疑問,是你不斷的鼓勵(lì)和積極的生活態(tài)度引導(dǎo)我走出低落的情緒。(There’snodoubt...)Thereisnodoubtthatitisyourconstantencouragementandpositiveattitudetowardslifethatguidemeoutoflowspirits.我想知道你回國(guó)后是否會(huì)繼續(xù)與我保持聯(lián)系,并希望我們永遠(yuǎn)是朋友。(if引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句)IwonderifyouwouldkeepintouchwithmewhenyougobacktoyourowncountryandIhopethatwecanbefriendsforever.微型寫作——續(xù)寫提能練[教材續(xù)寫語(yǔ)料]動(dòng)作描寫appreciatev.欣賞,賞識(shí);感激restrictv.限制wipev.擦,拭copewith應(yīng)對(duì),應(yīng)付getridof擺脫,除去人物描寫greedyadj.貪婪的optimisticadj.樂觀的firefightern.消防人員newcomern.新來(lái)者環(huán)境描寫seasideadj.海濱的n.海邊heatwave熱浪期,酷熱期hostileadj.(生長(zhǎng)環(huán)境)惡劣的dustn.塵土,沙土[續(xù)寫語(yǔ)料運(yùn)用]請(qǐng)從以上語(yǔ)料中選擇合適的詞匯,完成以下語(yǔ)段。然后核對(duì)答案并背誦該語(yǔ)段。去年夏天有一場(chǎng)熱浪,我父母帶我去海邊玩了幾天。爸爸建議我們?cè)诤＠餂_浪,但我認(rèn)為我不能應(yīng)付這種情況。我認(rèn)為我什么也不擅長(zhǎng),只能欣賞別人表演?！皝?lái)吧,”爸爸鼓勵(lì)我。掙扎了一會(huì)兒之后,我決定試一試,竟然成功了。只有當(dāng)我在沖浪后擦拭身上的水時(shí),我才意識(shí)到我應(yīng)該樂觀并且相信自己。Therewasaheatwavelastsummerandmyparentstookmetospendafewdaysattheseaside.Mydadsuggestedthatwe(should)surfinthesea,butIdidn’tthinkIcouldcopewiththissituation.IthoughtIwasn’tgoodatanythingandcouldonlyappreciateothers’performances.“Comeon,”mydadencouragedme.Afterstrugglingforamoment,Idecidedtohaveatryandsurprisinglymadeit.OnlywhenIwipedthewateronmeaftersurfingdidIrealizeIshouldbeoptimisticandbelievemyself.詞形變化填空(每小題2.5分,共15分)Ididn’timagineheshouldhavereactedsostronglywhenhewasexposedtostress,andhisreactionannoyedmostofus.(react)Withthehelpoftheadvancedtechnology,thefirefighterscancompletethetaskinadvance.(advance)ThroughTV,kidshaveregularexposuretoviolence.Itisbadtoexposekidstosuchthingsandweshouldmakekidsexposedtosomegoodbooks.(expose)Amongallthepeopleweshouldappreciate,ourparentsaretheoneswhodeserveourappreciationmost.(appreciate)Expertsadviseconsumersnottobuymoregroceriesuntilthey’vealreadybeenconsumed.Thisiscalledrationalconsumption.(consume)Hearingtheterrifyingnews,shewasterrifiedofgoingoutaloneatnight.(terrify)選詞填空(每小題2.5分,共15分)inthemeantime;copewith;bring...undercontrol;wipeout;consi