2024北京朝陽(yáng)區(qū)高三（上）期末英語(yǔ)試題及答案

北京市朝陽(yáng)區(qū)2023?2024學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期期末質(zhì)量檢測(cè)

高三英語(yǔ)試卷2024.1

（考試時(shí)間90分鐘滿分100分）

本試卷共10頁(yè)?？忌鷦?wù)必在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答，在試卷上作答無(wú)效。

第一部分知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，30分）

第一節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）

閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并

在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

GardeningchangedhowIseemyselfasadisabledwoman.WhenIstartedgardeningin2018,I

didn'tknowanythingaboutplants,letalonehowtogrowthingswecaneat.Ithoughtgardening

requiredalotof]tasks.AsIhaveagenetic（遺傳的）conditionthatcausesmybonesto_2

easily,Ididn'tbelieveIcouldcompletethem.Thethoughtoftakingcareofplantsinawheelchair

everydaymademefeel3.ButjustlikehowIgraduallylearnteverythingelseasadisabled

person,Ihadto4howtogardenmyway.

Thatfirstseason,IvisitedmygardenasmuchasIcould.Noticingmyinterestingardening,my

neighborsinthecommunity5offeredmeadviceandsupport.Undertheircareful6,I

managedtopulluptheweedsandwateredmyplantsonmyown.Finally,Iwassoproudtoeatthe

tomatoesIgrewandevensharedsomewithneighbors.Theytastedlikesummertime.

Gardeninghas7howIseeotherpartsofmylife.Asadisabledwoman,Ifearbeingseenas

a8andstruggletoaskforthethingsIneed.GardeninghelpedmenormalizethefactthatIhave

needs.Idon'tthinkmyplantisaheavyloadbecauseitneedsmorenutrition.Idon't9itfor

gettinginsectsandnotbeingabletofightagainstthem.Gardeningalsohelpedmeexpandmysocial

circleandgrowclosetopeopleinourcommunity.

Overtheyears,gardeninghasmademefeelmoreconfidentineveryaspectofmylife.I'm

plantingwhatIwanttogrow,andIhavegainedalotof10fromthat.

1.A.simpleB.physicalC.pleasantD.urgent

2.A.changeB.restC.breakD.move

3.A.anxiousB.expectantC.motivatedD.bored

4.A.lookoverB.showoffC.bringbackD.figureout

5.A.suddenlyB.readilyC.hesitantlyD.casually

6.A.observationB.checkC.discussionD.guidance

7.A.impactedB.ruinedC.controlledD.recorded

8.A.supportB.comfortC.burdenD.threat

9.A.appreciateB.faultC.challengeD.forgive

10.A.justiceB.accessC.weightD.power

第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分)

閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫(xiě)1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給

出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡指定區(qū)域作答。

A

Iwasbornwithapronouncedfacialproblem.Becauseofthat,Ihaveundergonemanycruel

comments.Oneday,while11(shop),IwasapproachedbyawomanIdidn'tknow.Standing

still,Iwasreadyforaruderemark.Buttheladysmiledandsaid,“Thisgiftcardisforyou,beautiful

girl,soyoucanbuysomethingspecialfor____(you)Iamsothankfultothatwomanfor

remindingmebeauty13(come)inallforms.

B

Chinahasalargenumberofglobalculturalheritage(遺產(chǎn))sites14(recognize)by

UNESCO.Overthepastdecades,greatefforts15(make)bythecountrytopreservethem.

Theseculturalheritagesitesenrichourdailylivesincountlessways,16weexperiencethem

directlyorthroughthemediumofaconnecteddevice.WfebelievethatChina17(apply)

modemtechnologiestotherestorationandpreservationofmoreculturalheritagesitesintheyearsto

come.

C

Psychologicalprocessesandmentalwellbeingarevitaltoconsistentlyhighdegreesofsporting

performanceforathletesatalllevels.Sportspsychologyisthestudyof18psychological

factorsinfluenceathleticperformance.Althoughitisa19(relative)newdiscipline,sports

psychologyisnowwidelyacceptedasofferinganimportantadvantage20opponents.To

provideathleteswiththementalsupporttheyneed,asportspsychologistneedstoconsidertheir

feelings,behaviorandlivesbeyond.

第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，38分)

第一節(jié)(共14小題；每小題2分，共28分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上

將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

A

WorldLearning(WL)YouthProgramsbringinternationalhighschoolageyouthtotheUSfor

short-termleadershipprogramsandexchangestodeveloptheirmeaningfulandmemorablelearning

experiences.蝕havemorethan1,000youthparticipantsonover20programseachyear.

WLYouthProgramsseekleaderswhoareresponsibleforworkingwithyoungpeopleandleading

highschoolexchangeprograms.Leadersdelivereducationalcontentandareknowledgeableinthe

designanddeliveryofactiveworkshops.LeadersalsorepresentWLinUSdomestichostcommunities,

andattimesoverseas,andmanagepartnerrelationshipswithintegrityandprofessionalism.

QualiHcationsfortheApplicants

?Youareflexible,energetic,andpro-activeteamplayers.

?Youenjoyspendingtimewithhighschoolstudents.

?Youarewillingtoputtheparticipants9learninganddevelopmentaheadofyourown

experience.

?Youarereadyforanintense,challenging,andrewardingprogrammingexperience.

?Youhaveahighlevelofsocialandemotionalintelligence.

?Youdemonstratecross-culturalsensitivityandskillsincommunication.

?Youbringawidevarietyofbackgroundsandsocialidentities.

?Youareaneducator.

ApplytobecomeaWLYouthProgramLeader

Ifinterested,youcancontactgroupleaders@forquestionsaboutour2024

applicationprocess.

21.WhatistheaimofWLYouthPrograms?

A.Todeveloptheleadershipofhighschoolstudents.

B.ToofferyoungpeopleanopportunitytoworkinUS.

C.TotrainparticipantstobeWLYouthProgramsleaders.

D.ToseekindividualstocontributetoWLYouthPrograms.

22.IfselectedasaWLYouthProgramsleader,onewill_____.

A.hostcommunityeventsrepresentingWL

B.bedevotedtothefieldofyouthdevelopment

C.helpparticipantslearnknowledgeaboutdesigningworkshops

D.manageWLYouthProgramswithintegrityandprofessionalism

23.Accordingtothepassage,applicantsarerequiredto.

A.haveoverseasworkexperience

B.valuethedevelopmentofparticipants

C.majorincross-culturalcommunication

D.telltheparticipants9differentsocialidentities

B

WorkingatabankinNewYorkCityinthemid-2010s,AnnaSackswaslivingthelife-justnot

thelifeshewanted.Sure,shewashappy.Butshewantedtodosomethingthatfeltimportant.

Somepeopleseekingmeaningmightreadaself-helpbookorperhapsvolunteerafewhoursa

week.SackspackedupherlifeandmovedtoConnecticuttoparticipateinAdamah,afarmingprogram

thatfocusesonsustainablelivingandgrowingsustainablefood.WhenshereturnedtoNewYork,her

lifewaswithanewpurposeandavarietyofnewskillstomakeherdreamsareality.

“OneofthethingsthatreallystuckwithmefromAdamahwashowlittlewastetheyproducedand

howtheyhandledthewastetheydidhave,primarilythroughcomposting（堆月巴）,“shesays."AndIjust

thought,'Whyaren'twedoingthathere?^^^TheAdamahprogramopenedSacks5eyestothedamage

consumercultureisdoingonalocal,national,andgloballevel,andtheneedtofindsolutions.Soin

2017,shebeganwhatshecalls"trashwalking”.

Duringtoursaroundhercommunity,Sackspicksthroughgarbagetolookforreusableitems.

Soon,her“trashwalking“expandedtoincludecorporatetrashalongwithresidentialtrash.

Surprisingly,shediscoveredawiderangeofreallygreatstuff~~likeclothing,decorations,and

food——allofwhichshedocumentsonTikTok.

UnderthenameTheTrashWalker,Sacksquicklygainedpopularityforhervideosthathighlight

theproblemswithconsumerism.64Therootissueisoverproduction,whichleadstooverconsumption,

whichleadstoalargeamountofwaste/9shesays.

Thefactis,companiesoftenchoosetotrashitemsratherthangivethemawaytopeoplewho

mightneedthem.Abigreasonforthiswasteisthewayourcurrenttaxlawsarestructured,Sackssays.

Sellerswhodestroygoodscanclaimthecostasalossontheirtaxesandberefunded.Iftheygiveaway

goods,theycanclaimonlyasmallamountasacharitablereductionontheirtaxes.

Sacks'mainfocusissimplygettingpeopletopayattentiontohowmanyunnecessarythingsthey

buyandthenthrowaway."Onceyoubecomeawareofthewayyouconsume,youcanseewaysyou

improve,9,shesays.

24.AnnaSackspackedupherlifeandleftNewYorkto.

A.leadahealthylifestyleB.observehowtogrowfood

C.pursueameaningfullifeD.volunteertoworkinabank

25.WhatimpressedAnnaSacksmostabouttheAdamahprogram?

A.Theimportanceoftrashwalking.

B.Thesustainablefoodpeopleproduced.

C.Thehardtruthaboutconsumerculture.

D.Thewaypeopletheredealtwiththewaste.

26.Whatmakescompaniesprefertothrowoutgoodsastrash?

A.Thetaxreduction.B.Thequalityofgoods.

C.Thetaxrefund.D.Theoverproduction.

27.WhatcanwelearnfromAnnaSacks9story?

A.Consumercultureaccountsforwasting.

B.Corporatetrashoutweighsresidentialtrash.

C.Trashwalkingisthekeytobecomingwealthy.

D.Turningtofarmingleadstosustainableliving.

C

蝕oftenthinkoffingerprintsasthetinyarchedpatternsonthetipofeachfinger.Theyare

regardedasspecialmarkersofhumanidentity,evenmoreindividualizedthanDNA.Butnewresearch

suggestsourbrainshave“fingerprints“thatareequallyunchanginganduniquetoeachperson.

Withmodemneuroimaging（神經(jīng)影像）techniques,scientistscantrackyourbrain'sdistinct

signaturecomposedoftensofthousandsofelectricalsignalsthatcommunicateacrossthebrain.The

finalproductisapictureofbrain5selectricalactivitythatisdetailed,distinctanddifficulttochange.

AccordingtoZackYShan,headoftheneuroimagingplatformattheThompsonInstitute,"Thebrain

isasymphonyorchestra（交響樂(lè)團(tuán)）Eachregionplaysauniqueinstrumentandadaptstoworkwith

nearbytunesatthesametime.Thiscooperationleadstoourthoughtsandactions."Andnotwo

symphoniessoundexactlyalike,“Shanadds.

ArecentstudypublishedinSleepmapstheextentofthisneurodiversitythroughEEGsnapshots

（腦電圖快照），whichdescribethesleepingbrain'selectricalactivityaswavylines.LedbyMichael

Prerau,aprofessorofmedicineatHarvardMedicalSchool,theresearchersanalyzedbrainwavedata

ofsleepspindles,onetotwosecondsevidentneuralactivityassociatedwithourabilitytoturn

short-termmemoriesintolong-termmemories.

ForDaraS.Manoach,aco-authoroftheSleepstudyandprofessorofpsychologyatHarvard

MedicalSchool,thesleepingbrainisa“newfrontier^^fbrstudyingthetreatmentofmemoryproblems

inneurologicaldisorders.Shenotesthatlackofsleepspindleactivitieshasbeenlinkedtodifferent

mentaldiseaseslikeepilepsyandAlzheimer'sdisease.So,theresearcherscomparedtwonightsof

sleeprecordingsfromhealthyparticipantstothosewithAlzheimer'sdisease.Theiranalysisrevealed

thattheirbroadenedapproachtoanalyzingsleepspindlesalsocouldunearthnewbiologicalindicators

forAlzheimer'sdisease."It'safirststeptobetterunderstandinghowthedisorderoperatesand

developingtargetedtreatments,9,Manoachsays.

Moreover,brainfingerprintsmayofferinspirationsthattraditionaltherapeutic（治療性的）

observationcan't.Patientswithdifferentdiseasescanhavesimilarsymptoms."That'swhere

neuroimagingcomesintoplay.Brainfingerprintsarewindowsintodistinguishingbetweentwo

patientswhoseemidentical,explainsDanHermens,aprofessorofneurobiologyattheThompson

Institute.

Inthewakeofincreasingreportsofmentaldisorders,thereistherapeuticpromise.Brain

fingerprintingcouldofferapotentialwayoutofthedarkchapterandprovidenewpossibilitiesforthe

mentalhealthcrisisusingbestevidence-basedpracticestoovercomeit.

28.Whatcanwelearnaboutthebrain?s"fingerprint”?

A.Itcantrackelectricalsignalsinthebrain.

B.Itreferstothepatternofthesurfaceofthebrain.

C.Itconstructsanindividualizedmapofbrainstructure.

D.Itshowstheuniqueimageofthebrain'selectricalactivity.

29.Accordingtothepassage,thesleepingbrainisa“newfrontier^^because.

A.recordingbrainfingerprintsenhancesmemory

B.brainwavedatacanidentifyspecificmentalillnesses

C.EEGcanformbiologicalindicatorsforhumanidentity

D.neuroimagingpreventsthedevelopmentofmentaldisorders

30.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.SleepFingerprintsPredictDiseaseOccurrence

B.SleepingBrains:IdeasandActionsControlled

C.SleepFingerprints:BrainIdentityRevealed

D.SleepingBrainsUncoverMemoryCodes

D

TheAgeofInformationismushrooming,perhapsevenbulging.Ifyoutriedtodownloadallthe

dataavailabletoday,you'dneedmorethan180millionyearstodoso.Butyouarewrongtoassume

thatallthisinformationwouldstimulateaboostofinnovationtomatchtheoutputofdata.Indeed,the

lasttimewefoundourselvesinaperiodofsignificantinnovation,pursuingtheideaswiththebiggest

spark,wasmorethan120yearsago,inaperiodcalledtheAgeofInsight.

Innovations,bothbigandsmall,startwithanewidea.Often,theseideasoccurasamomentof

insight-theresultofanovelconnectioninourbrainsmadebetweenexistingandnewinformation.

Studiesshowinsightsinvolvequietsignalsdeepinthebrain,justunderthesurfaceofawareness.

Anythingthathelpsusnoticequietsignals,suchastakingbreaksbetweenmeetings,onlyadopting

necessarylearningapproachesoravoidingdistractionslikesocialmedia,canincreasethechanceof

insights.However,it'sbecomingmorechallengingtofindthosequietsignalswiththeincreasinguse

oftechnology,fillingeverymomentwithemergenciesandanendlesssupplyofcontent.

Besides,wealsowanttoincreasethequalityofthem-tobeabletosortthroughbignewideas

andfindtheonesthathaverealvalue,whichcanbehardtomeasure.Launchedin2015,theEureka

Scale（尤里卡量表）allowsustoassessthestrengthofourinsightexperiencesonafive-pointscale,

whichismarkedbyintenseemotions,motivation,memoryadvantage,aftershocks,andfollowingideas.

TheScalecombinesthesefivevariablesintoasinglevalueandallowsustodefinetheimportanceofa

newidea.Thelevel-5insight,involvingtherichestemotion,motivation,andlastingimpact,holdsthe

greatestsignificance.

Becauseinsightsareoneofthebestwaystodriveengagement,innovation,andbehaviorchange,

theEurekaScalehasbroadapplicationsformeasuringandimprovingindividualandorganizational

performance.Moreimportantly,itcanbeusedtomeasuretheimpactofdifferentkindsofwork

environmentsandlearningapproachesonparticipants5growth-bothinthemomentorafterward.

Inorderfororganizationstobenefitfromanotherageofinsight,ifsnotenoughtotrytoaccess

moredataorincreasethenumberofinsightswegenerate.Instead,it'saboutmakingspaceforthe

biggestideastoemergefromalltheinformation.UsingthesharedlanguageoftheEurekaScaleasa

waytomeasurehowimportantideasare,relativetoeachother,willenablebetterdecision-making

towardpracticalandcompetitiveoutcomes.Andifwe'retoenteranewageofinsight,wemustdesign

ourenvironmentstoallowforthebestinsightpossibletosurface.

31.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“bulging“inParagraph1probablymean?

A.Stabilizing.B.Exploding.C.Shifting.D.Collapsing.

32.Accordingtothepassage,howcanthepossibilityofinsightsbeincreased?

A.Byengaginginongoingsocialmediainteractions.

B.Byrelyingontechnologytoreceiveregularnotices.

C.Bysteppingawayfromcomputersbetweenmeetings.

D.Byparticipatinginadditionaltrainingandcoachingsessions.

33.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

A.TheEurekaScalecontrolstheinfluenceofourinsights.

B.Possessingminimalemotionalresponsesisalevel-5insight.

C.Boththequantityandqualityofinsightsareessentialtoinnovation.

D.Abreakthroughhasbeenmadeininnovationduetoawealthofinformation.

34.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthecurrentenvironmentforinnovations?

A.Uncertain.B.Optimistic.C.Unconcerned.D.Dissatisfied.

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該

項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

Whenyougotoconcerts,youexpectyourfavoritemusiciantoperformamazinglyonstage.But

youmayhavenoticedsomethingcuriousthatmostmusiciansdon'tjustplaywiththeirfingers.They

alsoinvolvebodymovementsthatfitthesong'sbeatordancefollowingthemusic.35The

facialexpressionsmusiciansshowwhenplayingmayseemstrangeorcrazytoanoutsider,butallthat

pullingfacesmightactuallyserveapurpose.

Firstly,playingamusicalinstrumentusuallyrequiresintensefocusandconcentration.36

Theirfacialexpressionscanbeademonstrationoftheintenseemotionsandphysicaleffortthatgo

hand-in-handwithmusicalperformance.They'reoftensubconscious-infact,manyofuswillpull

strangefaceswhenwe'redeeplyinvolvedinanactivitywecareabout.

37Musicianshaveastrongemotionalconnectionwiththemusictheyperform.They

oftenusetheirfacialexpressionstoexpressthemoodandinterpretationofthemusic,whichcreatesa

moreengagingmusicalexperience.Whilefacialexpressionsmaynotdirectlymakesomeoneabetter

musician,theymightcontributetotheoverallartistryofthemusic.

Performinglivemusicisaratherstressfulexperience,soitcouldbethattheperformeris

expressingthosenervesthroughtheirface——bitingthebottomlip,forexample.Luckily,nerveswill

oftengoawaysoonafteramusicianstartsperforming.38

Thefacialexpressionsobviouslytosomeextentexpresstheperformer^innerworld.Another

interestingthingisthatmakingfacialexpressionscanhaveaphysiologicalimpactonthemusician's

performance.Someresearchsuggeststhatcertainfacialmovementscanactivatespecificmusclesand

improvemuscleharmonization.39However,it'simportanttonotethatthisrelationshipisstill

notwellunderstood,andtheextenttowhichfacialexpressionsdirectlyimpactmusicalcompetenceis

asubjectofongoinginvestigation.

A.Whenyou'rereallyfocused,youdon'tcareabouttheoutsideworld.

B.Amongthemthepartofthebodythatbestexhibitsthisisobviouslytheface.

C.Theylikelywon'tbethemaincauseforthosestrangefacesthroughoutaperformance.

D.Sucheffectsareparticularlyhelpfulincontrollingmuscleswhenplayinganinstrument.

E.Facialexpressionscanalsohelpmusicianscommunicateemotionsandartisticexpression.

F.Musiciansareoftenovercomewithemotionfromthemusicitselforthereactionofthecrowd.

G.Musiciansoftenenterastateof"flow”,wheretheybecomecompletelyabsorbedinthemusic

they'recreating.

第三部分書(shū)面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，32分）

第一節(jié)（共4小題；第40、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分，共12分）

閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問(wèn)題。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡指定區(qū)域作答。

Jokesandhumorareoftenconsideredunimportant.Thisisunderstandable:theyare,bydefinition,

notserious.Yetjokesandhumorarebeneficialforhealththroughtheirstress-relievingproperties.For

example,theycanstimulatebloodcirculationandaidmusclerelaxation,bothofwhichcanhelpreduce

stress.

Butwhydowerespond,inpowerfulandrewardingways,tothingsthatareobjectively

meaningless?Scientistshavespentyearsstudyinghowhumorworksinthebrainandonthevarious

typesofjokesthatproduceit.

Puns,themostfamiliartypeofjokes,arewherespecificelementsoflanguageconveydifferent

meaningsatonce.Forexample,4tWhydidthegolferweartwopairsoftrousers?Incasehegotahole

inone.^^Here“holeinone^^hastwopossibleinterpretations:onepairisdamagedorsomeone'sball

goesintotheholethefirsttimehehitit.Wfemaynotactuallylaughatthem,buttheirsimplicityand

familiaritymakemostpeoplerecognizethehumorinpuns.Therefore,thebrain'shumorprocessesare

stillengaged.

Howdoeshumorarisefromthebrain?Ourbrainshavedevelopedasystemtorecognizewhen

thingsdon'tmatchexpectations.Ifnormalityisoverturned,itmeanswedon'tknowwhafsgoingto

happen,whichcreatestension.However,thesystemthatrecognizesincongruity（不一致）alsoresolves

it,byprovidinganexplanation,oratleastaconfirmationthattheincongruityhasnonegative

consequences.Thisremovestheuncertainty,easingthetension.Afterthat,welearnsomethingnew

andexpandourmentalmodel,experiencingarewardingfeeling.

Basically,thankstothesecomplexsystemsinourbrains,humorcomesfromsomethingbeing

surprising,unexpectedorwronginsomeway,aslongastheincongruityisresolvedwithoutnegative

consequences.Iftheincongruityisnotresolved,humorisabsent.Iftheanswerto“Whydidthegolfer

weartwopairsoftrousers?^^is“incasethemetaleaglethatlivesinhisgoldbagattackshim”,thafs

notfunny.Thiswouldexplainwhyunrealhumorisoftenhardtogetright.

40.Whatisthebenefitofjokesandhumor?

41.Whycanpeoplerecognizethehumorinpuns?

42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.

Peoplecanworkouthumorfromsomethingbeingsurprising,unexpectedorwronginsome

way,aslongastheincongruityremainsunsolved.

43.Apartfromthebenefitmentionedinthepassage,whatotherbenefit（s）canyougetfromhumor?

（Inabout40words）

第二節(jié)（20分）

假如你是紅星中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李華。你班將在寒假組織一次以“北京城里看中國(guó)”為主題的

文化研學(xué)活動(dòng)，為期一天。請(qǐng)你用英文寫(xiě)一封信邀請(qǐng)你校國(guó)際部交換生Jim來(lái)參加，內(nèi)容包括：

1.活動(dòng)目的；

2.活動(dòng)安排。

注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；

2.開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。

DearJim,

Yours,

LiHua

（請(qǐng)務(wù)必將作文寫(xiě)在答題卡指定區(qū)域內(nèi)）

北京市朝陽(yáng)區(qū)2023?2024學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期期末質(zhì)量檢測(cè)

高三英語(yǔ)參考答案2024.1

第一部分知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，30分）

第一節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分,共