高中 通便版英語(yǔ)Unit 6【速記清單】

Unit6Whenwasitinvented？Unit6話題談?wù)摪l(fā)明物的歷史及用途詞匯1.鞋跟；足跟2.勺；鏟子3.電；電能4.樣式；款式5.英雄；男主角6.高興；愉快7.拉鏈；拉鎖8.網(wǎng)站9.先鋒；先驅(qū)10.統(tǒng)治者；支配者11.受歡迎；普及12.冰箱13.地震14.鐘（聲）15.餅干16.曲奇餅17.器械；儀器；工具18.顧客；客戶19.籃；筐20.項(xiàng)目；工程21.提到；說(shuō)到22.煮沸；燒開(kāi)23.保持不變；剩余24.翻譯25.（使）發(fā)出鐘聲或鈴聲；打電話26.分開(kāi)；分散27.幾乎28.每日的；日常的29.意外的；偶然的30.低的；矮的31.國(guó)家的；民族的32.突然（的）33.音樂(lè)的34.脆的；酥脆的35.咸的36.酸的；有酸味的37.職業(yè)的；專業(yè)的38.（v）列表；列清單（n）名單；清單39.（n）氣味（v）發(fā)出……氣味；聞到40.（n）貿(mào)易；交易（v）做買賣；從事貿(mào)易41.（n）疑惑；疑問(wèn)（v）懷疑42.（pron）某人（n）重要人物43.（v）鎖上；鎖住（n）鎖44.（adj）加拿大的；加拿大人的（n）加拿大人短語(yǔ)1.byaccident偶然的；意外的2.takeplace

發(fā)生；出現(xiàn)3.withoutdoubt毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)；的確4.allofasudden突然；猛地5.beusedfor(doingsth.)

=beusedto(dosth.)被用來(lái)做……6.Itissaidthat…據(jù)說(shuō)7.fallinto

落入；掉入8.Itisbelievedthat人們認(rèn)為9.bringto

帶到；帶入10.lessthan

少于；不到

morethan

多于11.knowabout

了解12.thenatureoftea茶的本質(zhì)13.atalowprice以很低的價(jià)格14.haveapoint有道理15.thestyleof……的樣式16.inourdailylife在我們的日常生活中17.sometime

一段時(shí)間18.thesaintoftea茶圣19.inthe19thcentury在19世紀(jì)20.runonelectricity靠電力驅(qū)動(dòng)21.changetheworld改變世界22.bymistake錯(cuò)誤地；無(wú)意中23.divide…into把……分開(kāi)24.lookupto

欽佩；仰慕25.intheend=finally=atlast最終；最后26.dreamof

夢(mèng)想；向往；渴望27.achieveone’sdream=realizeone’sdream=makeone’sdreamcometrue實(shí)現(xiàn)某人的夢(mèng)想28.decideon

決定；選定29.atthesametime同時(shí)30.stop…fromdoingsth.阻止……干某事31.thenumberof……的數(shù)量32.encouragesb.todosth.鼓勵(lì)某人做某事33.notonly…butalso…不但……而且34.suchagreatinvention如此偉大的一項(xiàng)發(fā)明35.thinkof/about想；考慮36.comeupwith想出37.thepopularityof………的普及38.translate…into…把……翻譯成……39.acookcalled

一個(gè)叫……的廚師40.theOlympics奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)41.moreandmore越來(lái)越……42.takenotes

記筆記43.leadto

導(dǎo)致；導(dǎo)向44.teachsb.todosth.教某人做某事45.needtodosth.

需要做某事句型1.Whenwasitinvented？它是什么時(shí)候發(fā)明的?2.Isitreallysuchagreatinvention?它真的是如此了不起的一項(xiàng)發(fā)明嗎？3.Forexample,itmentionedthatzipperwasinventedbyWhitcombJudsonin1893.例如,它提到拉鏈?zhǔn)?893年由惠特科姆·賈德森發(fā)明的。4.Butatthattime,itwasn’tusedwidely.但在當(dāng)時(shí)，它并沒(méi)有被廣泛使用。5.ItissaidthataChineserulercalledShenNongwasthefirsttodiscoverteaasadrink.據(jù)說(shuō),有一位叫作神農(nóng)的中國(guó)統(tǒng)治者最早發(fā)現(xiàn)茶可以飲用。6.Itproducedanicesmellsohetastedthebrownwater.它散發(fā)出一股香味,因此他嘗了一下這棕色的水。7.InEngland,teadidn’tappearuntilaround1660,but…在英國(guó)，茶直到1660年左右才出現(xiàn)，但…8.Eventhoughmanypeoplenowknowaboutteaculture,theChinesearewithoutdoubttheoneswhobestunderstandthenatureoftea.即使現(xiàn)在許多人知道茶文化,但中國(guó)人無(wú)疑是最懂茶之本質(zhì)的人。9.Georgewantedtomakethecustomerhappy.喬治想讓那位顧客滿意。10.Thenin1936inBerlin,itbecameaneventattheOlympics.1936年在柏林，它成為奧運(yùn)會(huì)的一個(gè)項(xiàng)目。11.Dr.Naismithdividedthemeninhisclassintotwoteamsandtaughtthemtoplayhisnewgame.奈史密斯博士把班上的人分成兩隊(duì)，教他們玩他的新游戲。12.Atthesametime,theyneedtostopthecompetingteamfromgettingtheballintotheirownbasket.同時(shí)，他們需要阻止對(duì)手將球打進(jìn)自己的籃筐13.Basketballhasnotonlybecomeapopularsporttoplay,butithasalsobecomeapopularsporttowatch.籃球不僅已成為一項(xiàng)受歡迎的運(yùn)動(dòng)，而且也已成為一種受歡迎的觀看運(yùn)動(dòng)。14.Manyyoungpeoplelookuptothesebasketballheroesandwanttobecomelikethem.許多年輕人仰慕這些籃球英雄，并想成為他們一樣的人。15.Thesestarsencourageyoungpeopletoworkhardtoachievetheirdreams.這些明星鼓勵(lì)年輕人努力實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想。語(yǔ)法一般過(guò)去時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；寫(xiě)作談?wù)摪l(fā)明物的歷史及用途考點(diǎn)1.…wasinvented…“某物被發(fā)明……”【教材原句】Whenwasitinvented？它是什么時(shí)候發(fā)明的【句型剖析】…wasinvented…句意為“某物被發(fā)明……”，是被動(dòng)句式。例如：TheabacuswasinventedinthesixteenthcenturybytheChinese.算盤(pán)在十六世紀(jì)由中國(guó)人發(fā)明的。Whowasthelightbulbinventedby？燈泡是由誰(shuí)發(fā)明的？【拓展】被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)是：主語(yǔ)+bedone（及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞），be是隨人稱和時(shí)態(tài)變化而變化的。（1）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：am/is/aredone例如：Theblackboardiscleanedbythestudentseveryclass.黑板每節(jié)課都被學(xué)生擦干凈。（2）一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：was/weredone例如：Thecomputerwasinventedlastcentury.電腦是上個(gè)世紀(jì)被發(fā)明的。（3）一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：shall/willbedone例如：Anewschoolwillbebuiltinourvillagenextyear.明年一所新的學(xué)校將在我們村莊建設(shè)。（4）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：am/is/arebeingdone例如：Asportsmeetingisbeingheldinourschoolnow.運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)正在我們學(xué)校舉行。（5）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：have/hasbeendone例如：AlloftheworkhasbeenfinishedsinceIcamehere.自從我來(lái)這里以來(lái)，所有的工作都已經(jīng)完成。（6）含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：can/may/must/shouldbedone例如：Yourhomeworkmustbehandedinafterschool.你們的家庭作業(yè)必須在放學(xué)后交上。（7）復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：原來(lái)的句子是“主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”，在變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的時(shí)候只能將賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)是省掉to的不定式時(shí)，在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中需要還原to。TheyheardhersinganEnglishsongattheparty.他們?cè)谕頃?huì)上聽(tīng)到她唱了一首英語(yǔ)歌。變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)是：ShewasheardtosinganEnglishsongattheparty.【經(jīng)典練】1．—________wasthezipperinvented?—In1893.A．When B．How C．Why D．Where2．Thetelephone________byAlexanderGrahamBellin1876.A．isinvented B．invented C．wasinvented D．wasinventing考點(diǎn)2.Withpleasure!樂(lè)意效勞！【易混辨析】易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)：it’sapleasure,mypleasure與withpleasureIt’sapleasure意為“不客氣”，對(duì)別人的感謝的禮貌回答MypleasureWithpleasure意為“樂(lè)意效勞”，表示客氣地接受或同意Eg.?—Thankyouverymuch!多謝！—It’sapleasure./Mypleasure.不客氣。?—CouldyouhelpmelookaftermydogwhileI’maway?我不在家時(shí)你能幫我照看一下我的狗嗎？—Withpleasure.樂(lè)意效勞?！窘?jīng)典練】1．—Excuseme,canyouhelpmewiththatheavybox?—________.A．Welldone B．Mypleasure C．Yes,please D．Itdoesn’tmatter2．—YoudidverywellinEnglish.CouldyouhelpmewithmyEnglish?—________A．That’sright. B．Whatapity! C．Withpleasure. D．Ihopeso.考點(diǎn)3.such如此【教材原句】Isitreallysuchagreatinvention?它真的是如此了不起的一項(xiàng)發(fā)明嗎？【句型剖析】such用作形容詞，修飾名詞。主要用法有：(1)such＋a(an)＋adj.＋單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞＋that從句。Hegotsuchabadcoldthathecougheddayandnight.他得了如此重的感冒以至于整日整夜咳嗽。(2)such＋adj.＋不可數(shù)名詞＋that從句。Shehasmadesuchgreatprogressthatmanypeoplelikeher.她取得如此大的進(jìn)步，許多人都喜歡她。(3)such＋adj.＋名詞復(fù)數(shù)＋that從句。Theyaresuchinterestingbooksthatwealllikethem.它們是如此有趣的書(shū)，我們都喜歡它們。such(a/an)+adj.+n.意為＂如此……的(一個(gè))……＂。Whydoyoubuysuchexpensiveclothes?【經(jīng)典練】1．—HaveyouseenthesciencefictionmovieJohnCarterofMars,John?—Yeah,it’strulyworth________.It’s________movingthatIhaveseenittwice.A．seeing;too B．tosee;enough C．seeing;so D．tosee;such2．Andyhasmade______thistermthathisparentswillawardhimanewlaptop.A．suchagreatprogress B．sogreataprogressC．suchgreatprogress D．soagreatprogress【寫(xiě)作佳句】NowSuBingtianisasportstar.Intheevening,wecandosuchactivitiesaspopulargamesandgroupdancearoundthefire.考點(diǎn)4.mention提到;說(shuō)到【教材原句】Forexample,itmentionedthatzipperwasinventedbyWhitcombJudsonin1893.例如,它提到拉鏈?zhǔn)?893年由惠特科姆·賈德森發(fā)明的?！揪湫推饰觥縨ention作及物動(dòng)詞,意為“提到;說(shuō)到”,后面可接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞或that從句作賓語(yǔ)。mention+that從句用法mentionsb./sth.(tosb.)(向某人)提起某人/某事mentiondoingsth.提到做某事HementionedthatthefoodwasinventedbyaChinese.他提到這種食物是由一個(gè)中國(guó)人發(fā)明的。Nobodymentionedittome.沒(méi)人向我提過(guò)這事。WheneverImentionhavingdinnertogether,hesayshe'stoobusy.無(wú)論何時(shí)我提起一塊兒吃飯,他都說(shuō)太忙。【拓展】“Don'tmentionit.”常用于口語(yǔ)中,多用作回復(fù)他人道謝或道歉時(shí)的答語(yǔ),意為“不用謝;沒(méi)關(guān)系”—Thankyouverymuch.多謝你了。—Don'tmentionit.不客氣?！狪'msorrytohavetroubledyou.抱歉打擾你了?！狣on'tmentionit.沒(méi)關(guān)系?！窘?jīng)典練】1．—ThankyouforhelpingmewithmyEnglish.I’vegotahighgradethistime.—______That’swhatfriendsarefor.A．Don’tmentionit.B．Itdoesn’tmatter. C．Inyourdreams. D．Cheerup.2．—DoyouknowthatJeffhasbeenchosenasthemonitorofhisclass?—Really?Nobody________anythingtomeaboutit.A．mention B．mentioned C．willmention D．wasmentioned考點(diǎn)5.sth.beused…“某物被使用……”【教材原句】Butatthattime,itwasn’tusedwidely.但在當(dāng)時(shí)，它并沒(méi)有被廣泛使用?！揪湫推饰觥縮th.beused…是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)句式，表示“某物被使用……”。常用如下搭配：（1）beusedfor意思是“被用來(lái)做某事”，for是介詞，它的后面用名詞或者動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。例如：Knivesareusedforcuttingthings.刀是用來(lái)割東西的。（2）beusedas意思是“被作為……使用”，as是介詞，意思是“作為”。它強(qiáng)調(diào)被當(dāng)作工具或者手段來(lái)使用。例如：Ourclassroomisusedasareading-room.我們的教室被用來(lái)當(dāng)閱覽室使用。（3）beusedby意思是“被……使用”，by后面跟人或者物，表示強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的使用者。Thisradioisoftenusedbymymother.這臺(tái)收音機(jī)經(jīng)常被我的媽媽使用。（4）beusedtodosomething意思是“被用來(lái)做某事”，和beusedfordoing是同義詞短語(yǔ)。ItisusedforlearningEnglish.＝ItisusedtolearnEnglish.它是被用來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的?！窘?jīng)典練】1．Moderntechnologies________inthe19thAsianGamesinHangzhou.A．wereused B．a(chǎn)reused C．willbeused【寫(xiě)作佳句】Englishiswidelyusedintheworld.考點(diǎn)6.Itissaidthat…“據(jù)說(shuō)……”【教材原句】ItissaidthataChineserulercalledShenNongwasthefirsttodiscoverteaasadrink.據(jù)說(shuō),有一位叫作神農(nóng)的中國(guó)統(tǒng)治者最早發(fā)現(xiàn)茶可以飲用?！揪湫推饰觥縄tissaidthat…是一個(gè)固定搭配的句型，it是形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是后面的that從句。它的思是“據(jù)說(shuō)……”。例如：ItissaidthatMaryisveryhappyinLondon.（主語(yǔ)從句）=TheysaythatMaryisveryhappyinLondon.（賓語(yǔ)從句）據(jù)說(shuō)瑪麗在倫敦是非常幸福的。【拓展】另外類似的句型有：Itisbelieved…（人們相信），Itisreportedthat…（據(jù)報(bào)道），Itissupposedthat…（據(jù)猜測(cè)）Itisknownthat...眾所周知......。例如：ItisbelievedthatonDecember21st,1981,thefirstbasketballgameinhistorywasplayed.人們相信歷史上首次籃球比賽是在1891年12月21日舉行的。Itissupposedthatthereisnolifeonthemoon.據(jù)推測(cè)月球上是沒(méi)有生命的。Itisreportedthatanotherearthsatellitehasbeenputintoorbit.據(jù)報(bào)道又有一顆衛(wèi)星上天了。【經(jīng)典練】1．______issaidthatourhistoryteacheroftendoesvolunteerworkonweekends.A．One B．It C．This D．That2．—________thatHeJiongwillcometoTongren.—________excitingnews!A．Itsaid;What B．Itissaid;WhatC．Itsaid;How D．Itissaid;How考點(diǎn)7.smell氣味；聞到【教材原句】Itproducedanicesmellsohetastedthebrownwater.它散發(fā)出一股香味,因此他嘗了一下這棕色的水?！揪湫推饰觥縮mell(1)作名詞,意為“氣味”,常與of連用,表示“......的氣味”。There'sadelicioussmellcomingfromthekitchen.廚房里傳來(lái)一陣香味。Theairwasfilledwiththesmellofflowers.空氣中彌漫著花香。(2)作動(dòng)詞時(shí)有兩種用法:表示“發(fā)出......的氣味”時(shí),smell是連系動(dòng)詞,表示“聞到”時(shí),smell是及物動(dòng)詞,不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)。Thefishsmellsdelicious.魚(yú)聞起來(lái)很香。Canyousmellsomething?你聞到什么氣味了嗎?【歸納】feel,look,sound,smell,taste這五個(gè)動(dòng)詞均可作連系動(dòng)詞，后面接形容詞作表語(yǔ),說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)所處的狀態(tài),其意思分別為“感覺(jué)”,“看”,“聽(tīng)”,“聞”,“嘗起來(lái)”。I'mfeelingterrible.我感到難受極了。Thesouptastesdelicious.這湯味道不錯(cuò)。Theseflowerssmellverysweet.這些花聞起來(lái)很香。【經(jīng)典練】1．—Canyou________somethingdelicious?

—Yes,Momismakingchickensoupinthekitchen.A．smell B．produce C．polish D．list【寫(xiě)作佳句】Inmyfreetime,Ialsotryhardtoavoidusingthemobilephoneorcomputer.考點(diǎn)8.until直到……【教材原句】InEngland,teadidn’tappearuntilaround1660,but…在英國(guó)，茶直到1660年左右才出現(xiàn)，但…【句型剖析】until意為“直到……”，有下列用法：（1）作介詞，后接時(shí)間名詞，在句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。作連詞，后接從句，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。例如：Shestayedthereuntil9o’clock.她一直等到9點(diǎn)鐘。Wewaiteduntiltherainstopped.我們等到雨停了。(2)until用在肯定句中，多與持續(xù)性的動(dòng)詞連用。如：stand/wait/stay等，表示主句動(dòng)作的終止時(shí)間。(3)until可用于否定句中，即not…until…意為“直到……才”，常與非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用。如：open/start/leave/arrive等，強(qiáng)調(diào)主句動(dòng)作開(kāi)始的時(shí)間。例如：Thechilddidn’tgotobeduntilhisfathercameback.直到父親回來(lái)，那個(gè)孩子才睡覺(jué)?！窘?jīng)典練】1．It________wehadstayedtogetherforacoupleofweeks________Ifoundwehadalotincommon.A．wasuntil;when B．wasuntil;thatC．wasn’tuntil;when D．wasn’tuntil;that2．Lifeisoftencomparedtoajourney.Wehavetokeepwalking________wegettothefinaldestination.A．so B．until C．a(chǎn)nd D．but【寫(xiě)作佳句】Somepeopledon’tcomebackhomeuntilmidnight.考點(diǎn)9.doubt疑惑;疑問(wèn)【教材原句】Eventhoughmanypeoplenowknowaboutteaculture,theChinesearewithoutdoubttheoneswhobestunderstandthenatureoftea.即使現(xiàn)在許多人知道茶文化,但中國(guó)人無(wú)疑是最懂茶之本質(zhì)的人?！揪湫推饰觥縟oubt在本句中作名詞,意為“疑惑;疑問(wèn)”。短語(yǔ)withoutdoubt毫無(wú)疑問(wèn);的確Ihadmydoubtswhenshestarted,butshe'sgettingreallygood.她剛開(kāi)始做時(shí)我心存疑慮,但她真的做得很好。Withoutdoubt,factoryfarmingisbadnews.毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，工廠化的農(nóng)場(chǎng)經(jīng)營(yíng)管理是壞消息?！就卣埂縟oubt還可作動(dòng)詞,意為“懷疑”,后常接名詞、代詞或that/if/whether引導(dǎo)的從句作賓語(yǔ)。Theydoubtthetruthofit.(接名詞)他們懷疑此事的真實(shí)性。Wedon'tdoubtthatyouareright.(接that從句)我們不懷疑你是對(duì)的。Idoubtif/whetherhewillcomeearlierthistime.(接if/whether從句)我懷疑這次他是否會(huì)早一點(diǎn)兒來(lái)?！窘?jīng)典練】1．Thereisno________thatMarywillbethewinnerbecausesheisthebestplayer.A．doubt B．chance C．reason D．matter2．—Whyareyouunhappy?—Becausemyparentsseemto________whatIhavesaid.A．doubt B．a(chǎn)dmit C．believe【寫(xiě)作佳句】AsfarasIamconcerned,thereisnodoubtthatGuangzhouisgoodchoiceforyoutovisit.考點(diǎn)10.o把……分開(kāi)【教材原句】Dr.Naismithdividedthemeninhisclassintotwoteamsandtaughtthemtoplayhisnewgame.奈史密斯博士把班上的人分成兩隊(duì)，教他們玩他的新游戲?！揪湫推饰觥縪把……分開(kāi)其被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)為bedividedinto，意為＂被分為……＂。Let’sdivideourselvesintoseveralgroups.讓我們分成幾個(gè)小組吧。divide及物動(dòng)詞，意為＂分開(kāi)；分散＂，指把整體分成若干部分。Hedividedthecakeamongthechildren.他把這個(gè)蛋糕分給了孩子們?！窘?jīng)典練】1．ThetraditionalChineselunarcalendardividesayear_________24solarterms(節(jié)氣).A．with B．to C．into D．of2．Morepeoplebeginto________therubbishintoplastic(塑料),glassandpaperbeforethrowingitaway.A．break B．change C．divide D．cut考點(diǎn)11.stop...from...阻止……做某事【教材原句】Atthesametime,theyneedtostopthecompetingteamfromgettingtheballintotheirownbasket.同時(shí)，他們需要阻止對(duì)手將球打進(jìn)自己的籃筐【句型剖析】stop...from...阻止……做某事stopsb.fromdoingsth.相當(dāng)于preventsb.fromdoingsth.，在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，兩者中的from均可省略，但在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中不可省略。Noonecanstopus(from)carryingouttheplan.沒(méi)有人能阻止我們實(shí)施這個(gè)計(jì)劃。Thewatermustbepreventedfrompollutingbyus.我們必須阻止水被污染?！窘?jīng)典練】1．Nothingcanstopus________hard.A．towork B．fromwork C．ofworking D．fromworking2．Whenthedancersstopped________tous,weallcouldn’tstop________excitedly.A．waving;toshout B．towave;shoutingC．waving;shouting D．towave;toshout【寫(xiě)作佳句】Ineverstoppedcomplainingtoyouthatitwasyouwhomissedthegoal.考點(diǎn)12.notonly...butalso...不但……而且……【教材原句】Basketballhasnotonlybecomeapopularsporttoplay,butithasalsobecomeapopularsporttowatch.籃球不僅已成為一項(xiàng)受歡迎的運(yùn)動(dòng)，而且也已成為一種受歡迎的觀看運(yùn)動(dòng)?！揪湫推饰觥縩otonly...butalso...不但……而且……以notonly...but(also)...連接的句子，當(dāng)notonly置于句首時(shí)往往引起部分倒裝。NotonlycanIdoitbut(also)Icandoitbest.我不僅能做到而且我能做得最好。notonly...butalso...應(yīng)連接兩個(gè)對(duì)稱的并列成分，連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要采用就近原則。NotonlyMr.Linbutalsohissonlovesthemovie.不但林先生而且他的兒子也喜歡這部電影。【拓展】常見(jiàn)的就近原則的結(jié)構(gòu)有：(1)neither...nor...既不……也不……(兩者都不)NeitheryounorIlikehim.我和你都不喜歡他。(2)either...or...不是……就是……(兩者中的一個(gè))EitheryouorLilyisastudent.不是你就是莉莉是學(xué)生。(3)therebe結(jié)構(gòu)Thereisapenandtwobooksonthedesk.書(shū)桌上有一支鋼筆和兩本書(shū)?！窘?jīng)典練】1．Notonlyyoubutalsoyourfriend________sopolitethatweliketotalkwithyoutwo.A．is B．a(chǎn)re C．a(chǎn)m2．—Inmanyforeigncountries,peoplecanhardlyavoidbuyingproductsmadeinChina.—However,________“MadeinChina”________“CreatedinChina”iswhatweneed.A．neither;nor B．either;or C．notonly;butalso【寫(xiě)作佳句】Iwillneverforgetthisexperience,becauseInotonlylearnedhowtoswim,butalsolearnedtobebrave!考點(diǎn)13.lookupto欽佩；仰慕【教材原句】Manyyoungpeoplelookuptothesebasketballheroesandwanttobecomelikethem.許多年輕人仰慕這些籃球英雄，并想成為他們一樣的人?！揪湫推饰觥縧ookupto欽佩；仰慕IlookeduptoThomasEdisonwhenIwasachild.當(dāng)我是個(gè)孩子的時(shí)候我很欽佩托馬斯·愛(ài)迪生。其反義短語(yǔ)是lookdownon看不起，鄙視?！就卣埂縧ook的常用短語(yǔ)：lookup向上看；查閱(詞典)lookdown向下看lookafter照看；照顧 lookaround環(huán)顧四周lookfor尋找 lookforwardto盼望【經(jīng)典練】1．—MichaelJacksonwascalledthekingofpop,wasn’the?—Ofcourse.He________bypeopleallovertheworld.A．waslookedat B．waslookedupto C．waslookedfor D．waslookeddown【寫(xiě)作佳句】WheneverImeetadifficulty,I’lllookupinreferencebooksorsearchforanansweronline.考點(diǎn)14.heron.英雄【教材原句】Manyyoungpeoplelookuptothesebasketballheroesandwanttobecomelikethem.許多年輕人仰慕這些籃球英雄，并想成為他們一樣的人。【句型剖析】hero/’h??r??/n.英雄Itisbelievedthatallastronautsarerealheroes.人們認(rèn)為所有的宇航員都是真正的英雄。hero的復(fù)數(shù)形式是在其后加-es構(gòu)成的。巧記以o結(jié)尾加-es變復(fù)數(shù)的名詞：黑人(Negro)英雄(hero)愛(ài)吃西紅柿(tomato)炒土豆(potato)?！窘?jīng)典練】1．Thedoctorssavedlotsofpeopleduringthefightingagainstthedisease.Theyareourtrue________.A．heroes B．pioneers C．competitors考點(diǎn)15.encourage鼓勵(lì)【教材原句】Thesestarsencourageyoungpeopletoworkhardtoachievetheirdreams.這些明星鼓勵(lì)年輕人努力實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想?！揪湫推饰觥縠ncouragesb.todosth.鼓勵(lì)某人做某事Theteacheroftenencouragesustostudyhard.老師經(jīng)常鼓勵(lì)我們要努力學(xué)習(xí)?！就卣埂縠ncouragesb.insth.意為＂在……方面助長(zhǎng)某人的某種行為/鼓勵(lì)某人＂。Don’tencouragehiminlaziness.別助長(zhǎng)他的懶惰行為。【經(jīng)典練】1．Ourteacheroftenencouragesus_______ourdreamsnomatterwhatwillhappen.A．togiveup B．nottogiveup C．notgiveup D．notgivingup2．Teachersoftenencourageus________hardtoachieveourdreams.A．work B．working C．works D．towork【寫(xiě)作佳句】Teacherscanalsounderstandthestudentsandencouragestudentstolearn.一．語(yǔ)法精講——一般過(guò)去時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)什么是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)？英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有兩種語(yǔ)態(tài)，主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者；被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者，理解為“被……”。不同時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)是“be+過(guò)去分詞”，be動(dòng)詞有時(shí)態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)的變化。當(dāng)不知道動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者或沒(méi)必要指出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，只強(qiáng)調(diào)突出動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)，用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：肯定結(jié)構(gòu)：was/were+過(guò)去分詞；否定結(jié)構(gòu)：wasn’t/weren’t+過(guò)去分詞；一般疑問(wèn)句把was/were放到句首。如：Theschoolwasbuilt100yearsago.這所學(xué)校是100年前建造的。Hewasn’tinvitedtotheparty.Wereyouinvited?他沒(méi)有被邀請(qǐng)去聚會(huì)。你被邀請(qǐng)了嗎？使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)的注意事項(xiàng)1.含雙賓語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)變被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，不要忽略間接賓語(yǔ)的介詞。Eg.WegavesomeflowerstoMissGaoonTeachers’Day.教師節(jié)那天，我們送給了高老師一些花?！鶶omeflowersweregiventoMissGaoonTeachers’Day(byus).2.含有動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)變被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，不要漏掉短語(yǔ)中的介詞或副詞。Eg.WehandedinourhomeworklastFriday.上周五我們上交了家庭作業(yè)?！鶲urhomeworkwashandedinlastFriday(byus).3.在含有使役動(dòng)詞make或感官動(dòng)詞（see,watch,notice,hear等）的主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的句子中，這些詞后常跟省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式，但是改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)則要把省去的to還原。Eg.Isawhimcrosstheroadandentertheshop.我看到他穿過(guò)馬路走進(jìn)了商店?！鶫ewasseentocrosstheroadandentertheshop(byme).4.含雙賓語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)變被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，既可將間接賓語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)化為主語(yǔ)，也可將直接賓語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)化為主語(yǔ)。若將間接賓語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)化為主語(yǔ)，則保留直接賓語(yǔ)；若將直接賓語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)化為主語(yǔ)，則保留間接賓語(yǔ)，且在被保留的間接賓語(yǔ)前加上介詞to或for。Eg.Mymothergavemeapencil.媽媽送給我一支鉛筆?！鶬wasgivenapencilbymymother.→Apencilwasgiventomebymymother.【經(jīng)典練】1．（2024·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·中考真題）Alotoftrees________lastspring,sowecanseemoregreenthisyear.A．plant B．a(chǎn)replanted C．planted D．wereplanted2．（2024·江西·中考真題）Tedpreferredpopmusicwhenhe________abouthisfavoritemusicintheinterview.A．wasasked B．a(chǎn)sked C．isasked D．a(chǎn)sks3．（2024·江蘇連云港·中考真題）Robotdogs_________asvolunteersforthefirsttimeduringthe2023AsianGames.A．use B．used C．a(chǎn)reused D．wereused4．（2023·湖南邵陽(yáng)·中考真題）—Ben,whoistheboyinblueinthepicture?—It’smybrother.Thepicture________fiveyearsago.A．take B．istaken C．wastaken5．（2023·遼寧營(yíng)口·中考真題）—Students________afewopenquestionsinMs.Li’sclass,didyounoticethat?—Yes,Ithinkshewantedtotraintheirabilityofcreativethinking.A．a(chǎn)reasked B．wereaskedC．willbeasked D．shouldbeasked6．（2023·黑龍江綏化·中考真題）Thestudents________howtodoeyeexercisesjustnow.A．wastaught B．weretaught C．taught7．（2023·四川樂(lè)山·中考真題）—Who’sthelittlegirlinthephoto?—It’sme.Thephoto________whenIwasfiveyearsold.A．took B．wastaken C．istaken8．（2023·湖南株洲·中考真題）PandaYaYa________backtoBeijingaboutthreeweeksago.A．wasbrought B．isbrought C．brought9．（2023·湖南岳陽(yáng)·中考真題）ThepandaYaYa________backtoChinaonApril27th,2023.A．isbrought B．wasbrought C．willbebrought10．（2023·山東濱州·中考真題）—Canhegetthefirstprizeintherace?—He________so,buthehasjusthurthisleg.It’simpossiblenow.A．willexpecttodo B．isexpecteddoingC．hasexpecteddoing D．wasexpectedtodo11．（2023·湖南懷化·中考真題）Thecake______bythehungrystudentsquicklyyesterday.A．eats B．iseaten C．waseaten12．（2023·江西·中考真題）HouYi________magicmedicineforshootingdowntheninesuns,thenPangMengtriedtostealit.A．gives B．hasgiven C．gave D．wasgiven13．（2023·安徽·中考真題）Computershavehadagreatinfluenceonlearningmethodssincethey________intoschools.A．introduce B．introduced C．a(chǎn)reintroduced D．wereintroduced14．（2023·遼寧阜新·中考真題）—Wow,2023FriendshipForestTreePlantingActivitywasagreatsuccess!—Yes.Iknewmanytrees______forabetterenvironment.A．plant B．wereplanted C．planted D．a(chǎn)replanted15．（2022·青海·中考真題）OurschoolheldthegraduationceremonylastFriday.Alltheparents________tocheerusup.A．a(chǎn)reinvited B．wereinvited C．willbeinvited16．（2022·內(nèi)蒙古呼和浩特·中考真題）Thesecond“TiangongLecture”kickedoff!BingDwenDwen________ateachingtool!A．isusedfor B．wasusedfor C．isusedas D．wasusedas17．（2022·江蘇鹽城·中考真題）SpudWebb________atfirstbecauseofhisheight,buthedidn’tloseheart.A．refuses B．refused C．wasrefused D．willberefused18．（2022·湖南株洲·中考真題）ThreeChineseastronauts（宇航員）________toChinaSpaceStationsuccessfullyonJune5,2022.A．sent B．a(chǎn)resent C．weresent19．（2022·遼寧撫順·中考真題）It’ssaidthatthekite_______inChinaover2000yearsago.A．invents B．invented C．wasinvented D．isinvented20．（2022·吉林長(zhǎng)春·中考真題）LiYan________tothewelcomepartyyesterday.A．invites B．isinvited C．wasinvited D．willinvite二．寫(xiě)作精講——談?wù)摪l(fā)明物的歷史及用途當(dāng)前，科技發(fā)展日新月異，高新產(chǎn)業(yè)更是突飛猛進(jìn)。現(xiàn)代科技改變了人們的生活，也激發(fā)了全民學(xué)科學(xué)、愛(ài)科學(xué)、用科學(xué)的熱情，形成了“大眾創(chuàng)業(yè)，萬(wàn)眾創(chuàng)新”的科學(xué)熱潮。本單元以“談?wù)摪l(fā)明物的歷史及用途”為話題，涉及科普知識(shí)與技術(shù)等內(nèi)容，是學(xué)生最感興趣的話題之一。寫(xiě)作體裁多為說(shuō)明文，寫(xiě)好這類文章一定要抓住事物的特征、功能和用途。在中考中，說(shuō)明文一般要按照“總一分”結(jié)構(gòu)或并列結(jié)構(gòu)布局，而且在說(shuō)明一件事物的時(shí)候，應(yīng)按照一定的順序：如時(shí)間順序、空間順序或邏提職序等。體裁：說(shuō)明文時(shí)態(tài)：以一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)為主人稱：第三人稱。思路：1.What’sitandwhenwasitinvented?

2.What’situsedfor?3.Whatdoesitlooklike?

4.Howdoesitwork?5.Howmuchisit?1.Ithink…isaveryusefulinvention.我認(rèn)為……是一項(xiàng)很有用的發(fā)明。2.…wasinventedby………是由……(某人)發(fā)明的3.…wasinventedin………是在……(某時(shí)間)發(fā)明的4.Itwasusedfor…它被用來(lái)……5.…ismadeof………是由……(材料)制成的6....havechangedourlifealot.極大地改變了我們的生活7..Whichisthemostusefulinvention?最有用的發(fā)明8.Itmakesmylifemoreenjoyableandmoreconvenient.他讓我的生活更舒適和方便。列提綱寫(xiě)句子推銷你的新發(fā)明引出話題(1)ThisspecialpenwasinventedbyLiuJie.Ithasthreecolorsandisusedfortakingnotesquickly.Itisveryusefulifyouhavealottowritedown.(這種特殊的鋼筆是劉杰發(fā)明的。它有三種顏色，用于快速記筆記。如果你有很多東西要寫(xiě)，這是非常有用的。).用途、原理、特色、價(jià)格Thepencomeswithamicrochipthatcanstorealistofcommonwordsthatyouwilluse.Youcanprogramthewordsyouwilluseoftenintothemicrochip'smemory,thenassignashortformtoeachword.Whenyouarewriting,youjustneedtowritetheshortformswiththepen,pressabuttononthepenandallshortformswillchangeintotheactualwords.Themicrochipcancontainupto50wordsandyoucanmakechangestothelistofwordswheneveryouneedto.(筆帶有一個(gè)微芯片，可以存儲(chǔ)你將要使用的常用單詞列表。您可以將經(jīng)常使用的單詞編入微芯片的內(nèi)存，然后為每個(gè)單詞指定一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)短的形式。當(dāng)你寫(xiě)作時(shí)，你只需要用鋼筆寫(xiě)下簡(jiǎn)短的形式，按下筆上的一個(gè)按鈕，所有的簡(jiǎn)短形式就會(huì)變成實(shí)際的單詞。微芯片最多可以包含50個(gè)單詞，您可以隨時(shí)更改單詞列表。).

(3)Youmustwanttoknowhowmuchmynewinventionis.It’s500yuan.It’snotveryexpensive,isit?(價(jià)格).

推薦購(gòu)買(4)Ithinkthepenissoconvenientandhelpful.Ibelieveyouwillalsobehappywithit.Theyaregoingtochangeyourhomeworkcompletely.(我認(rèn)為這支筆是如此方便和有用。我相信你也會(huì)很高興擁有它。他們將徹底改變你的作業(yè)。)ThisspecialpenwasinventedbyLiuJie.Ithasthreecolorsandisusedfortakingnotesquickly.Itisveryusefulifyouhavealottowritedown.Thepencomeswithamicrochipthatcanstorealistofcommonwordsthatyouwilluse.Youcanprogramthewordsyouwilluseoftenintothemicrochip'smemory,thenassignashortformtoeachword.Whenyouarewriting,youjustneedtowritetheshortformswiththepen,pressabuttononthepenandallshortformswillchangeintotheactualwords.Themicrochipcancontainupto50wordsandyoucanmakechangestothelistofwordswheneveryouneedto.Youmustwanttoknowhowmuchmynewinventionis.It’s500yuan.It’snotveryexpensive,isit?Ithinkthepenissoconvenientandhelpful.Ibelieveyouwillalsobehappywithit.Theyaregoingtochangeyourhomeworkcompletely.SectionA重點(diǎn)單詞electricityn.電；電能electricadj.帶電的；stylen.樣式；款式projectn.項(xiàng)目；工程pleasuren.高興；愉快pleasedadj.感到高興的；感到愉悅的pleasantadj.websiten.網(wǎng)站pioneern.先驅(qū)listn.名單；清單v.列表；列清單8.mentionv.提到；說(shuō)道m(xù)entionedadj.被提到的(后置定語(yǔ))9.accidentaladj.意外的；偶然的accidentn.意外事故10.rulern.統(tǒng)治者，支配者；尺子rulen.規(guī)則；統(tǒng)治v.統(tǒng)治11.boilv.煮沸；燒開(kāi)boiledadj.煮開(kāi)過(guò)的boilingadj.正在沸騰的12.remainv.保持不變；剩余remainingadj.剩下的；剩余的13.smellv.發(fā)出…氣味;聞到（smelt；smelt）n．氣味14.nationaladj.國(guó)家的；民族的internationaladj.國(guó)際的nationn.國(guó)家；民族15.traden.貿(mào)易；交易v.做買賣；從事貿(mào)易tradern.買賣者16.doubtn.疑惑；疑問(wèn)v.懷疑undoubtedlyadv.毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)地17.fridgen.冰箱18.lowadj.低的；矮的lowerv.降低19.somebodypron.某人n.重要人物20.translatev.翻譯translationn.譯文translatorn.翻譯者21.lockv.鎖上；鎖住n.鎖unlockv.打開(kāi)22.earthquaken.地震23.suddenadj.突然的suddenlyadv.突然24.musicaladj.音樂(lè)的；有音樂(lè)天賦的musicUC音樂(lè)musiciann.音樂(lè)家25.instrumentn.器械；儀器；工具二、重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)runonelectricity用電加熱的beusedforseeinginthedark用來(lái)在夜里看清haveapoint有道理thepioneersofdifferentinventions不同發(fā)明的先驅(qū)們beusedwidely被廣泛運(yùn)用beinventedbyaccident偶然地被發(fā)明anaccidentalinvention一個(gè)偶然的發(fā)明boildrinkingwater燒飲用水overanopenfire在室外的火上produceanicesmell散發(fā)一種怡人的香味afewthousandyearslater幾千年以后duringthe6thand7thcenturies在六，七世紀(jì)期間inlessthan100years在不到一百年間theteatradefromChinatoWesterncountries從中國(guó)到西方國(guó)家的茶葉貿(mào)易takeplace發(fā)生spreadthepopularityoftea擴(kuò)大茶葉的普及withoutdoubt毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)bestunderstandthenatureoftea最懂茶的本質(zhì)sell…atalowprice已低價(jià)出售translatethebookintodifferentlanguages把書(shū)翻譯成不同的語(yǔ)言happenallofasudden=happensuddenly突然發(fā)生bebroughttoasafeplace被帶到個(gè)安全地方workontheinventionofthetelephone從事電話的發(fā)明sendmusicalnotes發(fā)送音符throughaninstrumentsimilartoatelephone通過(guò)一個(gè)類似電話的裝SectionB一、重點(diǎn)單詞：1.crispyadj.脆的；酥脆的2.saltyadjcb88x.咸的saltn.鹽saltedadj.被鹽腌制的3.souradj.酸的；有酸味的4.customern.顧客；客戶customn.風(fēng)俗5.Canadianadj.加拿大的n.加拿大人Canadan.加拿大6.dividev.分開(kāi)；分散divisionn.分割；分裂7.basketn.籃；筐8.professionaladj.職業(yè)的；專業(yè)的professionn.職業(yè)，專業(yè)professorn.教授9.heron.英雄；男主角(pl.heroes)heroinen.女主角二、重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)：1.dosth.byaccident=dosth.bychance偶然做某事2.dosth.bymistake錯(cuò)誤地做了某事3.cutsth.toothick把……切得太厚4.cutsth.reallyreallythin把……切得很薄很薄5.makethecustomerhappy讓顧客高興/滿意6.thehistoryofpotatochips土豆片的歷史7.acookcalledGeorgeCrum一位叫做GeorgeCrum的廚師8.putlotsofsaltonsth.在……上撒很多鹽9.decideonsth.決定某物10.add/putsaltintothesoup往湯里加鹽11.thesourtaste酸味12.dreamof/aboutdoingsth.夢(mèng)想做某事13.thepopularityof………的流行/普及/受歡迎程度14.forfunandexercise為了娛樂(lè)或鍛煉15.stop/prevent/keep...fromdoing阻止...做某事16.America’sNBAgame美國(guó)的NBA比賽17.agametobeplayedinside在室內(nèi)玩的游戲18.divide…into…把……劃分成……19.worktogether團(tuán)結(jié)協(xié)作20.aneventattheOlympics=anOlympicevent一個(gè)奧運(yùn)項(xiàng)目21.playersonthesameteam同一個(gè)球隊(duì)的球22.theprofessionalbasketballgroups專業(yè)的籃球隊(duì)23.lookuptosb.尊敬敬仰lookdownupon瞧不起24.thenumberof……的數(shù)量anumberof許多大量25.achieveone’sdream=realizeone’sdream=makeone’sdreamcometrue實(shí)現(xiàn)某人的夢(mèng)想三、重點(diǎn)句子thestyleoftheshoes鞋的樣式★style短語(yǔ)：instyle流行的；時(shí)髦的outofstyle過(guò)時(shí)的alifestyle生活方式---Canyouhelpmethinkofaninvention?你能幫我想個(gè)發(fā)明嗎？★★---Mypleasure!樂(lè)意效勞！辨析：pleasure,pleased,pleasing,please與pleasantpleasure，名詞，“愉快，高興”，多用于口語(yǔ)：It’smypleasure./Withpleasure.pleased，形容詞，“高興的，喜歡的”，修飾人；pleasing，形容詞，“令人愉快的，討人喜歡的；使人滿意的，合意的”，修飾物；please，及物動(dòng)詞，“使高興、滿意、愉快”等；不及物動(dòng)詞，“高興，愉快”等；pleasant，形容詞，定語(yǔ)，“令人高興的，令人愉快的”，修飾事物，不能修飾人。Isi