第14講時(shí)事熱點(diǎn)書面表達(dá)專訓(xùn)-2023年中考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)培優(yōu)全

進(jìn)階練14時(shí)事熱點(diǎn)書面表達(dá)專訓(xùn)（解析版）一、材料作文1．學(xué)校英語俱樂部準(zhǔn)備組織一次英語征文活動(dòng)，倡導(dǎo)低碳生活。請根據(jù)下面表格信息，以“Howtobeagreenerperson”為題寫一篇英語短文。Situationtoomuchwaste...Actionsrecycle/separatesave......Hope...注意：1.

對(duì)所有要點(diǎn)逐一陳述，適當(dāng)發(fā)揮。2.

詞數(shù)80左右，文章的開頭已經(jīng)給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。3.

文中不得提及有關(guān)考生個(gè)人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等。HowtobeagreenerpersonIt’sourdutytoprotecttheenvironmentaroundus.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】例文：HowtobeagreenerpersonIt’sourdutytoprotecttheenvironmentaroundus.Toomuchwasteisabigproblem,soweshouldadvocatelowcarbonlife.First,wecangotoschoolbybikeorbybus.Second,weshouldsavewater.Wecansaveenergybyturningoffthelightswhenweleavearoom.Weshouldusebothsidesofthepaperandseparatethegarbage.Third,wecanrecyclemanythings,suchasglass,plasticandwastepaper.Iwilltaketheclothbagstothesupermarket.Andwemustn’tdroplitterinpublicplaces.Ihopeeveryonewillbeawareofthisproblem,sothateveryonewillworktogether.Soit’stimeforactions.Let’sworktogethertomaketheearthmoreandmorebeautiful.【解析】【分析】【詳解】1.題干解讀：本文是一篇材料作文。給出的材料比較簡單，要求學(xué)生以HowtoBeaGreenerPerson為題，適當(dāng)發(fā)表自己的看法，寫一篇有關(guān)環(huán)保的短文。2.寫作指導(dǎo)：本文寫作應(yīng)該以第一人稱為主，時(shí)態(tài)以一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般將來時(shí)為主；寫環(huán)保類文章應(yīng)該充分分析原因，也可以列出具體的問題，再分析原因，說明環(huán)境的重要性，然后再提出措施或建議，最后發(fā)出號(hào)召。2．神舟十三號(hào)順利返航，宇航員王亞平再次圓夢天宮，凱旋歸來。你校正組織以“Theheroinmyheart”為題的征文活動(dòng)，請根據(jù)以下要點(diǎn)介紹王亞平的事跡并分享你對(duì)她的欽佩之情。經(jīng)歷與成就●出生于1980年，在學(xué)校里熱愛學(xué)習(xí)，擅長體育●太空夢始于2003年，十年如一日艱苦訓(xùn)練、從不言棄●2013年加入神舟十號(hào)航天任務(wù)并太空授課●中國首位在太空行走的女宇航員你的觀點(diǎn)……（至少兩點(diǎn)）注意：1.詞數(shù)：100左右。2.文中不得出現(xiàn)與考生相關(guān)的真實(shí)姓名、校名等信息。3.參考詞匯：theShenzhouXmission神舟十號(hào)航天任務(wù)TheheroinmyheartWangYapingisnotonlyanastronautbutalsoateacherinspace._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】例文

Theheroinmyheart

WangYapingisnotonlyanastronautbutalsoateacherinspace.

Bornin1980,WangYapinglovedlearningandwasgoodatsportswhenshewasinschool.Herspacedreamstartedin2003.Shetrainedreallyhardandnevergaveup.Aftertenyears’effort,shejoinedtheShenzhouXmissionandgavewonderfulandlivelylessonsinspace.Moreover,sheisthefirstfemaleastronautwhowalkedinspacesuccessfullyinChina.

Asastudent,ItrulyadmireWangYapingforhergreatspiritofdevotingherselftoherspacedream.WheneverImeetdifficulties,Ishouldalsolearnfromhertokeepontryingandneverloseheart.【解析】【詳解】1.題干解讀：該題目為一篇應(yīng)用文寫作。標(biāo)題和首段已給出，第二段介紹宇航員王亞平的經(jīng)歷與夢想，包括題目中給出的四個(gè)要點(diǎn)；第三段寫出自己的兩個(gè)觀點(diǎn)并結(jié)尾。2.寫作指導(dǎo)：本文應(yīng)該用第三人稱來敘述故事內(nèi)容；時(shí)態(tài)需采用一般過去時(shí)和一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，用一般過去進(jìn)行時(shí)描述宇航員王亞平的經(jīng)歷與成就；用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)描述自己的觀點(diǎn)。寫作過程中需要注意時(shí)間邏輯，時(shí)態(tài)的切換，行文流暢，用詞準(zhǔn)確，條理清晰。3．飛天夢，強(qiáng)國夢！2022年4月16日，神舟十三號(hào)載人飛行任務(wù)取得圓滿成功。航天任務(wù)取得成功離不開航天人的堅(jiān)守與努力。習(xí)總書記深情寄語航天人：“在航天事業(yè)發(fā)展的征程上勇攀高峰、不斷前行”，“你們是新時(shí)代中國航天事業(yè)無數(shù)奮斗者、攀登者的代表”……假如你是李華，你校英語社團(tuán)公眾號(hào)正在做“我最崇拜的航天英雄”系列推送，請你用英語給公眾號(hào)留言，推薦一位你最崇拜的航天英雄，對(duì)其作簡要介紹，并說明推薦理由。提示詞語：workhard,stickto,dream,difficulty,overe提示問題：●Whichspaceherodoyouadmiremost?●Whydoyouadmirehim/her?IamLiHuafromClass1,Grade9._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】例文IamLiHuafromClass1,Grade9.AllChinesepeopleareproudofthethreeastronauts,NieHaisheng,WangYapingandYeGuangfu.Amongthem,IadmireWangYapingmost.

WangYapingisnotonlyanastronautbutalsoateacherinspace.

Bornin1980,WangYapinglovedlearningandwasgoodatsportswhenshewasinschool.Herspacedreamstartedin2003.Shetrainedreallyhardandnevergaveup.Aftertenyears’effort,shejoinedtheShenzhouXmissionandgavewonderfulandlivelylessonsinspace.Moreover,sheisthefirstfemaleastronautwhowalkedinspacesuccessfullyinChina.Asastudent,ItrulyadmireWangYapingforhergreatspiritofdevotingherselftoherspacedream.WheneverImeetdifficulties,Ishouldalsolearnfromhertokeepontryingandneverloseheart.【解析】【詳解】1.題干解讀：本文是一篇材料作文。要求根據(jù)提示問題介紹自己最崇拜的航天英雄。注意要點(diǎn)齊全，可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮。2.寫作指導(dǎo)：寫作時(shí)要以第三人稱來介紹，時(shí)態(tài)綜合使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)。作文可分為三段，第一段引出話題；第二段介紹王亞平；第三段介紹自己欽佩王亞平什么。要保證語言連貫，無語法和拼寫錯(cuò)誤。4．隨著科技的發(fā)展和疫情的影響，網(wǎng)絡(luò)學(xué)習(xí)備受青睞。假如你是李華，受邀為全校同學(xué)作以“Tobeasmartonlinelearner”為主題的演講。請你結(jié)合自身的經(jīng)歷，用英文寫一份演講稿，對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)學(xué)習(xí)的利或弊發(fā)表觀點(diǎn)并提出相關(guān)建議。以下信息為非限定內(nèi)容，僅供參考。MyexperienceInearlyApril,Ihadonlineclasses.…MyopinionItsadvantagesItsdisadvantagesprovidedifferentkindsofresourcesofferusagreatchanceto…influenceourattentiondoharmto…Myadvicedevelopgoodlearninghabits,…注意事項(xiàng)：1.演講稿必須包含所有要點(diǎn)，并作適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，要求語句通順、意思連貫、符合題意；2.文中不得提及真實(shí)的人名、校名等相關(guān)信息；3.詞數(shù)100左右。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Possibleversionone:Dearstudents,I’mgladtostandheretogiveyouaspeechonhowtobeasmartonlinelearner.InearlyApril,Ihadonlineclasses.IsearchedforsomethingusefulontheInternet.AndIhandedinmyhomeworktotheteachersonlineeveryday.Itwasreallyaspecialexperienceforme.There’snodoubtthatonlinelearninghasitsadvantages.Forexample,itcanprovideuswithdifferentkindsofresources,whichareofhelptous.Besides,itwillofferusagreatchancetomanageourtimebyourselves.Inordertobeasmartonlinelearner,weshoulddevelopgoodlearninghabits,makeastudyplanandmakefulluseoftheresources.

That’sall.Thanksforlistening!

(100words)Possibleversiontwo:Dearstudents,I’mgladtostandheretogiveyouaspeechonhowtobeasmartonlinelearner.InearlyApril,Ihadonlineclasses.Iwantedtochatwithmyfriendsonlineatfirst.ButsoonIcouldn’tcatchwhattheteachersaid.So,Ipaidmoreattentiontotheclasses.Asaresult,Ihavemadegreatprogressinmystudies.However,onlinelearninghasitsdisadvantages.Forexample,it’smucheasiertoinfluenceourattention.What’smore,toomuchscreentimecandoharmtooureyes.Inordertobeasmartonlinelearner,weshoulddevelopgoodlearninghabits,takenotestogooverwhatwehavelearnedandbestrictwithourselves.That’sall.Thanksforlistening!

(100words)【解析】【詳解】1.題干解讀：本文是一篇材料作文。根據(jù)所給材料內(nèi)容，以“Tobeasmartonlinelearner”為主題，寫一篇短文。2.寫作指導(dǎo)：本文主要采用一般過去時(shí)為主，人稱以第一人稱為主。根據(jù)提示材料，從在線學(xué)習(xí)的優(yōu)勢和劣勢著手進(jìn)行描述，寫作時(shí)要注意保持主謂一致性，做到無語法和標(biāo)點(diǎn)錯(cuò)誤。5．根據(jù)所給提示寫一篇關(guān)于錢學(xué)森的短文，需包括所有內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)，要求語句通順、意思連貫。詞數(shù)80左右，第5要點(diǎn)用1—2句話作適當(dāng)發(fā)揮。內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)：1.錢學(xué)森，世界著名科學(xué)家，被認(rèn)為是中國太空技術(shù)項(xiàng)目的先驅(qū)；2.1934年畢業(yè)于交通大學(xué)（JiaotongUniversity），1935年到美國深造；3.1955年從美國回到祖國，對(duì)中國航天事業(yè)的發(fā)展做出了巨大貢獻(xiàn)；4.他是我們所有中國人的驕傲，我們都很欽佩他；5.你的感想……______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】例文QianXuesenisagreatscientistintheworld.HeisregardedasthepioneerofChina’sspacetechnology.In1934,hegraduatedfromJiaotongUniversity.ThenhewenttotheUSAforfurtherstudyin1935.In1955,hereturnedtoChina.HemadegreatcontributionstoChina’sspacecareer.HeistheprideofalltheChinesepeople.Wealladmirehimverymuch.Wecanlearnmanythingsfromhim.Weshouldloveourcountryandtryourbesttomakeourcountrymorepowerful.【解析】【詳解】1.題干解讀：題目要求根據(jù)所給要點(diǎn)，寫一篇短文介紹科學(xué)家錢學(xué)森，要做到要點(diǎn)齊全，可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮。2.寫作指導(dǎo)：寫作時(shí)要以第三人稱為主，時(shí)態(tài)以一般過去時(shí)和一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)為主。可采用一段式寫作：在文中清楚介紹錢學(xué)森的學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)歷、對(duì)航天事業(yè)的貢獻(xiàn)、成就以及我們對(duì)錢學(xué)森的感受。在寫作時(shí)要做到無標(biāo)點(diǎn)符合和語法錯(cuò)誤。6．2021年5月22日，“世界雜交水稻之父”袁隆平因病在湖南長沙逝世。巨星隕落，舉世皆哀，人們紛紛以各種不同的方式來紀(jì)念這位偉大的科學(xué)家。請你根據(jù)下列表格信息提示，以“Thegreatestheroinmyheart—YuanLongping”為題，寫一篇英文短文簡單介紹袁隆平院士的生平事跡。Factsabouthislife生平事跡1930

beborn,inBeijing;1964

startaspecialstudyaboutrice;1974

developanewkindofrice;1980

beginto,helppeoplegrowmorerice,

notonly...butalso...,

China,manyotherareasaroundtheworld;2021

die,inChangsha;…Contributions成就貢獻(xiàn)solve,theproblemoffood,formillionsofpeople,call,the“fatherofhybridrice”;(雜交水稻之父)…Oneofthebestwaystorememberhim紀(jì)念他最好的方式之一should,savefood,neverwasteanyfood…【寫作要求】1、短文應(yīng)包括以上信息，為使行文連貫可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)。2、文章詞數(shù)在90詞左右，開頭已經(jīng)給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。3、文中不得出現(xiàn)涉及考生真實(shí)信息的人名、地名或校名。Thegreatestheroinmyheart—YuanLongpingYuanLongpingisthegreatestheroinmyheart.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】例文：Thegreatestheroinmyheart—YuanLongpingYuanLongpingisthegreatestheroinmyheart.HewasborninBeijingin1930.In1964,hestartedaspecialstudyaboutrice.In1974,hedevelopedanewkindofrice,HybridRice.In1980,hebegantohelppeoplegrowmorericenotonlyinChinabutalsoinmanyotherareasaroundtheworld.In2021,hediedinChangsha.YuanLongpingmadeagreatcontributiontotheagricultureoftheworld.Hesolvedtheproblemoffoodformillionsofpeople.Soheiscalledthe“fatherofhybridrice”.Ithinkweshouldsavefoodinourdailylifetorememberhim.Neverwasteanyfoodfromnowon.【解析】【詳解】1.題干解讀：題目要求以“Thegreatestheroinmyheart—YuanLongping”為題，根據(jù)表格信息來介紹袁隆平院士的生平世界，要包含生平事跡、成就貢獻(xiàn)、紀(jì)念他的方式三部分?？蛇m當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)。2.寫作指導(dǎo)：寫作時(shí)可分為三段，第一段引出主題并介紹袁隆平的生平，第二段總結(jié)袁隆平的貢獻(xiàn)，第三段提出為紀(jì)念袁隆平，要節(jié)約食物。介紹袁隆平的生平以一般過去時(shí)為主，寫如何紀(jì)念要使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。要做到無單詞拼寫和語法錯(cuò)誤。7．某英文網(wǎng)站正在開展以“冬奧吉祥物冰墩墩（BingDwenDwen）”為主題的征文活動(dòng)。假如你是李華，請用英語寫一篇短文投稿，談?wù)劚斩盏耐饷蔡攸c(diǎn)，象征意義，受歡迎的原因以及你的感受。提示詞語：ababypanda,iceclothes,lovelyimage(可愛的形象),nationaltreasure(國寶),expectations(期望)fortheGames,wele,collect,difficulttobuy,becrazyabout,classic提示問題：●WhatdoesBingDwenDwenlooklike?●Whyisitmeaningfulandpopular?●Whatdoyouthinkofit?BingDwenDwen,themascot(吉祥物)ofBeijing2022WinterOlympicGameshasbeepopularathomeandabroad.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】例文BingDwenDwen,themascotoftheBeijing2022WinterOlympicGameshasbeepopularathomeandabroad.Apairofcuddlyandlovelyshortears,verycute.Apairoflargeroundblackeyes,theflowoftheeyes,lookingbright.Charminglynaivebodyshape,coupledwiththatsignatureblackeye.Yes,thisismynewfriend“BingDwenDwen”,themascotoftheBeijingWinterOlympicGames.Pandasareournationaltreasures.“BingDwenDwen”isdressedupwithasuperenergyicecrystalshellonthebasisofthepandaprototype,whichisverycoolandfullofscientificandtechnologicalsense.Thefaceoftheiceandsnowsportshelmet,timeoverflowcolor.Thegorgeousandvividlinesinstantlymakeyoufeellikeyouareintheshorttrackspeedskatingarena,andwanttoexperienceandfeelthedreampassionbroughtbytheOlympicGames.Ifyouarecarefulenough,youwillalsofindthatBingDwenDwen’sleftpalm,aredheartpatternisunusuallyobvious.ItrepresentsourChinaasthehostcountry,warmweletofriendsfromallovertheworld.Ilikeitverymuch.Astheoverallimageof“BingDwenDwen”resemblesastronauts,meaningtocreatenonordinary,explorethefuture;AlsobecauseeverytimeIthinkofthisnewfriend,IwillusetheOlympicspiritofexcellencetomotivatemyselftodobetterineverylittlethinginlifeandstudy.Igaveitanameworthyofthename.Nicknamed“SpacePanda”.【解析】【詳解】1.題干解讀：本文是一篇材料作文。要求根據(jù)提示問題，談?wù)劚斩盏耐饷蔡攸c(diǎn)，象征意義，受歡迎的原因以及你的感受。注意要點(diǎn)齊全，可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮。2.寫作指導(dǎo)：寫作時(shí)要以第一和第三人稱來行文，時(shí)態(tài)以一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)為主。作文可分為三段，第一段介紹冰墩墩的外貌；第二段介紹為什么它有意義、受歡迎；第三段介紹自己的看法。要保證語言連貫，無語法和拼寫錯(cuò)誤。二、電子郵件8．假如你是李希，你的英國筆友Mike發(fā)來一封電郵祝賀2022北京冬奧會(huì)圓滿落幕，同時(shí)想了解我們在疫情期間也能成功舉辦的原因。請你給他回復(fù)。內(nèi)容需包括：1．團(tuán)隊(duì)精神與安全保障（建設(shè)者、工人、志愿者共同努力；閉環(huán)管理、場地、服務(wù)等安全）；2．國際奧委會(huì)主席巴赫的贊揚(yáng)：“如果沒有中國人民的支持,北京冬奧會(huì)不可能收獲如此卓越的成功?！保?．你的感受（至少兩點(diǎn)）。要求：1.80詞以上，短文的開頭結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)；2．條理清楚，意思連貫，語句通順，標(biāo)點(diǎn)正確；3．可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮以使全文連貫。參考詞匯：①2022北京冬奧會(huì)The2022BeijingWinterOlympics；②國際奧委會(huì)主席巴赫IOCPresidentBach③閉環(huán)管理closedloopmanagementDearMike,Howisitgoing?Gladtohearfromyou._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ThanksforyourloveforChinaandbestwishes!Yours,LiXi【答案】例文DearMike,Howisitgoing?Gladtohearfromyou.KnowingthatyouwanttoknowwhyChinaheldthe2022BeijingWinterOlympicssuccessfully,I’mwritingtotellyouwewonteamworkandsafety.JustasIOCPresidentBachsaid,wecouldn’treceivesuchagreatsuccesswithoutthesupportofpeopleallaroundChina.Whatmakesusadmirableistheeffectiveclosedloopmanagementthatkeepseveryonesafe.Itwasveryobviousthattheathletesweremorethanhappywiththevenues,villages,servicesandsafetyinChina.IholdtheviewthatalthoughtheGamescametoanend,thefriendshipandmutualrespectwasamongthemomentsinBeijingwhentheOlympicspiritshonebrightly.AndyoucanalwaysbelieveChinaisoneofthesafestplacesontheplanet.(125w)ThanksforyourloveforChinaandbestwishes!Yours,LiXi【解析】【詳解】1.題干解讀：該題目屬于應(yīng)用文寫作。要求根據(jù)所給的要點(diǎn)提示給Mike寫一封回信，向他解釋北京冬奧會(huì)能夠圓滿成功的原因，并談?wù)勛约旱母惺堋Ｗ⒁庖c(diǎn)齊全。2.寫作指導(dǎo)：本文人稱不限，隨需求而定，時(shí)態(tài)主要以一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)為主來行文。文章的開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，第一段應(yīng)點(diǎn)明回信的目的；第二、三段寫成功的原因；第四段寫自己的感受。寫作時(shí)注意保持主謂一致性，在介紹內(nèi)容時(shí)，除所給信息外可適當(dāng)展開，注意語言的準(zhǔn)確性，不要有語法和拼寫錯(cuò)誤。三、書信作文9．由于新型冠狀病毒肺炎疫情影響，多省市學(xué)校推遲開學(xué)。最長寒假，線上教學(xué)，這對(duì)學(xué)生的飲食、學(xué)習(xí)和心情都是一種考驗(yàn)。假如你是李華，你的好朋友Jim返校后對(duì)線下學(xué)習(xí)產(chǎn)生了學(xué)習(xí)焦慮。請你給Jim寫封信，分享返校后你是如何化解學(xué)習(xí)焦慮，保持好心情的。詞數(shù)80詞左右。參考詞匯：COVID19新型冠狀病毒；onlinelearning在線學(xué)習(xí)；offlinelearning線下學(xué)習(xí)；learninganxiety學(xué)習(xí)焦慮要求：1.必須包含所提示的信息，可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，其他方法至少要補(bǔ)充2點(diǎn)，開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)；2.意思清楚，表達(dá)通順，行文連貫，書寫規(guī)范；3.請勿在文中使用真實(shí)的姓名、校名及地名。DearJim,Howareyoudoing?I’mveryhappytoebacktoschool.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】例文DearJim,Howareyoudoing?I’mveryhappytoebacktoschool.ButI’msorrytohearthatyouareworriedaboutyourofflinelearningbecauseofCOVID19.Infact,it’sveryimportantforustobeinagoodmoodforbothofflineandonlinelearning.Ifweareingoodspirits,wecanstudybetter.Herearesomesuggestionsforyou.Firstly,youhadbetterdosportsafterschool.Itcanhelpyoukeepfitandrelax.Secondly,youshouldeathealthyfood.It’sgoodforyourhealth.Thirdly,youcanlistentorelaxingmusicwhenyouaretired.What’smore,don’tkeepsilentwhenyouareintrouble.Youcantalktoyourfriends,parentsorteachers.Theywillbegladtohelpyou.Finally,youmustgetbacktoyoureverydayactivities.Itwillgiveyouasenseofhappinesstooverethelearninganxiety.Ihopeyouwillbehappyagain.Yours,LiHua【解析】【詳解】1.題干解讀：本文屬于書信寫作，按信件格式來寫。根據(jù)題目要求，提出合理的化解學(xué)習(xí)焦慮的建議，需要自己進(jìn)行拓展。2.寫作指南：本文主要采用第一人稱和第二人稱相結(jié)合的方式來寫，陳述現(xiàn)狀