閱讀理解細節(jié)理解題（解析版）-2025年天津高考英語二輪復習熱點題型專練

熱點題型?閱讀理解攻略

專題13閱讀理解細節(jié)理解題

01題型綜述____________________________________________

高考閱讀理解選材來源廣泛，多源于國外英文圖書、報刊、網(wǎng)絡(luò)媒體，語言地道純正，具有鮮明的語

言文化特點。體裁包括記敘文、說明文、議論文、應(yīng)用文等，涉及科普、社會、文化、地理、歷史、政治、

經(jīng)濟、人文、日常生活等領(lǐng)域。命題主要考查細節(jié)理解、主旨大意、詞義猜測及推理判斷。

高考試題的設(shè)計是有特定的難易比例，在選拔作用的指導下拔尖的同時，也要照顧到不同層次的學生，

況且高考對中學的英語教學還有不可避免的反撥作用。如果難度大的題目過多，則不利于大部分考生的真

實水平發(fā)揮，所以每年都保留一定比例的表層次試題，而對表層次考查主要是以細節(jié)理解的形式體現(xiàn)出來

的。主要考查重點有：1）文中時間、地點、人物、事件；2）議論文中的例證；3）數(shù)字，如時間、年齡、

金額、數(shù)量等；4）原因或結(jié)果；5）定義；6）范疇等。多以事實判斷、wh-問句、計算、排序、識圖等命

題方式出現(xiàn)。

02解題攻略

題型01事實認定類

【題型詮釋】

一般包括直接理解題和間接理解題。前者在原文中可直接找到答案，常用who,what,which,when,where,

why和how等提問，或是判斷正誤；后者需要將題目信息與原文相關(guān)信息進行語義上的轉(zhuǎn)換，兩者存在表

達上的差異，有時需要進行加工或整理后方能得出結(jié)論。做這類題一般采用尋讀法，即先讀題，然后帶著

問題快速閱讀短文，找出與問題有關(guān)的詞語或句子，再對相關(guān)部分進行分析對比，找出答案。

主要設(shè)題形式：

WhatcanwelearnaboutBathfromthepassage?

HowmanyAsiancountriesdoesthespeakerrefertowhenhetalksaboutthefilmbooks?

Whydidthetwomennevertalkaboutclimbingwhentheyfirstmet?

Thewriteracteduponthestorerulesbecause.

Howdoestobaccoprotectitselfagainstanattackfromacaterpillar?

Allthefollowingaretrue/right/false/wrongexcept...?

Allthefollowingarementionedexcept...

Whichofthefollowingistrue//right/false/wrong（about...）?

O國困

1.運用略讀和尋讀相結(jié)合的方法，把選項與原句進行比較。要考慮是否符合文章意思，程度上是

否符合，是否太絕對。也可以用排除法。

2.注意同一句意的不同表達方式。有時為了增加題的難度，問題的表達常不采用文章中的原話提

問，而是使用采用同義詞變換、句型變換等手段來表達文章的有關(guān)細節(jié)。因此，在選擇答案前應(yīng)首先看

準題干，弄清問題所在。

3.關(guān)注文中以作為細節(jié)理解題出題的地方。通常有：時間、地點、事件；轉(zhuǎn)折處和對比處；最高

級和絕對性詞匯；因果句；破折號、括號、冒號表示解釋等特殊標點處。

【典例】

[1]MarkandhisbrotherJasonbothwerelookingattheshiningnewcomputerenviously.Jasonwas

determinednottogoagainsttheirfather^wishesbutMarkwasmoreadventurousthanhisbrother.Heloved

experimentingandhisaimwastobecomeascientistlikehisfather.

[2]“Dadwillbereallymadifhefindsoutyou'vebeenplayingwithhisnewcomputer.^^Jasonsaid,"Hetold

usnottotouchit.”

[3]“Hewon'tfindout."Marksaid,t4Flljusthaveaquicklookandshutitdown.^^

[4]Markhadbeenscoldedbeforefortouchinghisfather^equipment.Buthiscuriositywasdifficulttocontrol

andthisnewcomputerreallypuzzledhim.

[5]“Itwasastrange-lookingmachine-onehisdadhadbroughthomefromthelaboratorywhereheworked.

“It'sanexperimentalmodel,9,hisfatherhadexplained,usodon'ttouchitunderanycircumstances.^^Buthis

warningonlyservedtomakeMarkmorecurious.Withoutanyfurtherthought,Markturnedonthepowerswitch.

Thecomputerburstintolifeandsecondslater,thescreenturnedintocolors,shiftingandchangingandthentwobig

whitewordsappearedinthecenterofthescreen:"SPACETRANSPORTER.

[6]"Yes!"Markcriedexcitedly,t4Ifsacomputergame.Iknewit!Dad'sonlybeenpretendingtowork.He's

reallybeenplayinggamesinstead."Anewmessageappearedonthescreen:

[7]"ENTERNAMES

[8]VOYAGERI:...

[9]VOYAGER2:...9,

[10]Mark'sfingersflewacrossthekeyboardashetypedinbothoftheirnames.

[11]"INPUTACCEPTED.STARTTRANSPORTPROGRAM.AUTO-RETRIEVEINITIATED（自動回收程

序已啟動）

[12]Thescreenturnedevenbrighterandanoisesuddenlyroseinvolume.

[13]"Ithinkwe'dbettershutitoff,Mark,“Jasonyelled,reachingforthepowerswitch.Hewasreally

frightened.

[14]Buthishandneverreachedtheswitch.Asinglebeamofdazzlingwhitelightburstoutofthecomputer

screen,wrappingtheboysinitsglow（光芒），untiltheythemselvesseemedtobeglowing.Thenitdieddownjustas

suddenlyasithadburstintolife.Andtheboyswerenolongerthere.Onthescreen,theletterschanged.

[15]“TRANSPORTSUCCESSFUL.DESTINATION:MARS.RETRIEVEDATE:2025.”

1.WhydidMarktouchthecomputeragainsthisfatherswarning?

A.Hewantedtotakeavoyage.B.Hewantedtopracticehisskill

C.Hewassomuchattractedbyit.D.Hewaseagertodoanexperiment.

2.Markthought"SPACETRANSPORTER”onthescreenwasthenameof.

A.acomputergameB.acompanywebsite

C.asoftwareproducerD.anastronomyprogram

3.WhydidJasonwanttoshutoffthecomputer?

A.Hewasafraidofbeingscolded.

B.Hedidn'tliketheloudnoiseandlight.

C.Hedidn'twanttoplaygamesanymore.

D.Hewasafraidsomethingdangerousmighthappen.

4.Whathappenedtotheboysattheendofthestory?

A.Theywereblownintotheair.B.Theyweresenttoanotherplanet.

C.Theywerehiddeninthestronglight.D.Theywerecarriedawaytoanothercountry

【答案與解析】

l.Co細節(jié)事實認定題。本題是間接理解題，讀題知道問的是“馬克不顧父親的警告碰電腦的原因”，根

據(jù)第四段“Markhadbeenscoldedbeforefortouchinghisfather5sequipment.Buthiscuriositywasdifficultto

controlandthisnewcomputerreallypuzzledhim.”知道馬克的克制不住自己的好奇心，而且父親的新電腦真的

讓他迷惑不解，與C項“他被父親的電腦深深的吸引了”吻合。

2.Ao細節(jié)事實認定題。本題是直接理解題，根據(jù)第六段的“He，sreallybeenplayinggamesinstead."可以

直接得出A正確，馬克認定它是一款電腦游戲的名稱。

3.Do細節(jié)事實認定題。本題是直接理解題，根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段的“"Ithinkwe，dbettershutitoff,Mark,”

Jasonyelled,reachingforthepowerswitch.Hewasreallyfrightened.^^

4.Bo細節(jié)事實認定題。本題是直接理解題，根據(jù)最后一段“DESTINATION:MARS.RETRIEVEDATE:

2025.”可知，這兩個孩子被送到火星上去了，DESTINATION（目的地）就是關(guān)鍵詞。

題型02排列順序類

【題型詮釋】

這種試題要求考生根據(jù)事件發(fā)生的先后順序和句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系，找出事件發(fā)生的正確順序。常見

的設(shè)題形式有：

Whichofthefollowingisthecorrectorderofshoppingwithcomputerizedshoppingcarts?

Whichwordcanbeusedtocompletethefollowingprocessofchanges?

WhichofthefollowingshowsthepathofthesignalsdescribedinParagraph5?

WhichofthefollowingisthecorrectordertodescribeFitzgerald'slifeaccordingtothepassage?

O國困

做這種題時可采用“首尾定位法”，即最先找出第一個事件和最后一個事件，迅速縮小選擇范圍，從

而快速選出正確答案。從文體上看主要出現(xiàn)在記敘文和說明文中。

【典例】

[1]Sincethe1970s,scientistshavebeensearchingforwaystolinkthebrainwithcomputers.Brain-computer

interface(BCI)technologycouldhelppeoplewithdisabilitiessendcommandstomachines.

[2]...[3]...[4]……

[5]Theresearchersdesignedaspecialcapfortheuser.Thisheadcoverpicksupthesignalsfromthescalp(頭

皮)andsendsthemtoacomputer.Thecomputerinterpretsthesignalsandcommandsthemotorizedwheelchair.

Thewheelchairalsohastwocamerasthatidentifyobjectsinitspath.Theyhelpthecomputerreacttocommands

fromthebrain.

[6][7]...

1.WhichofthefollowingshowsthepathofthesignalsdescribedinParagraph5?

A.scalp—computer一cap-wheelchairB.computer一cap一scalp一wheelchair

C.scalp—cap—computer—wheelchairD.cap—computer—scalp—wheelchair

【答案與解析】

l.Co排列順序題。根據(jù)第五段的描述“Thisheadcoverpicksupthesignalsfromthescalp(頭皮)and

sendsthemtoacomputer.”知道Thisheadcover指的就是aspecialcap,它接收來自于頭皮的信號，然后再把

信號發(fā)送給計算機。由此可以看出信號傳遞的路徑是先從頭皮發(fā)出，排除B和D。接下來由帽子接收后傳

遞給計算機，最后通過計算機解讀信號，并且把指令發(fā)給自動化輪椅。故選C。

題型03圖文匹配類

【題型詮釋】

在有圖表圖畫的閱讀理解中，有的圖表圖畫出現(xiàn)在閱讀理解正文中，比如地圖、氣象圖、表示所占百

分比的柱狀圖等；有的出現(xiàn)在選項中，供選擇使用。這些圖片的出現(xiàn)增加了試題的直觀性，同時也暗含著

和文章內(nèi)容相關(guān)的信息。通常在被選項中給出四幅圖，要求考生根據(jù)閱讀材料中的敘述選出最佳答案，要

求考生要有觀察能力和理解判斷能力。

常見的設(shè)題形式有：

Which...(onthemap)liesin/on/tothesouth/north/west/eastof...?

Tomovetheballdownthefield,playersmustbelike.

Whichofthefollowingismostlikelytobe...?

Whichofthefollowingpicturesindicates...?

Whichofthefourpicturesbelowistheclosesttothe...asdescribedinthetext?

WhichofthefollowingpicturesshowsthehousefortheIroquoisIndians?

O國困

采用“對號入座”的辦法。即帶著問題找句子，先看文章后面的問題，注意記憶關(guān)鍵的詞語，如。人

物、時間、事件等，確定每道題目的發(fā)問中心，也就是說，某個問題是針對什么提問的。這樣我們就可

以帶著問題去閱讀文章，做到有的放矢。把每個問題的發(fā)問中心反饋到原文中去。當讀到有關(guān)解答發(fā)問

中心的信息時，可在有關(guān)信息下面畫一直線以示突出。如果問題的順序沒有按順序給出，可以在原文信

息下畫線的同時，把問題的題號也標出來，便于最后檢查，并節(jié)約時間。在原文中找出對發(fā)問中心的解

答信息后，可把原文信息放到問題中去，與每一選項進行對照，與原文信息相符的那項，即是正確的

答案。

【典例】

Whatbringsanationtogether?Ofthefourchoices-sharedvalues,language,history,andreligion,ifsshared

values.Inourlatestpoll（民意調(diào)查），sevenoutof16countrieschosevaluesasthegreatestfactor（因索）bringinga

nationtogether,andsixpreferredlanguage.Bothchoicesscoredhighinthepoll,suggestingthatourvaluesand

howweexpressthemarecloselylinked.Still,historywasnotforgotteninsomecountries,particularlyinMexico

andRussia.EvenCanadaandtheUnitedStateschosenationalhistoriesasthesecond-mostimportantfactoruniting

theirpeople.Thebiggestsurprise?Notonecountrypickedreligionasitstopchoice.

1.Accordingtothecharts,sharedvaluesandlanguagewereconsideredequallyimportantin.

A.AustraliaB.BrazilC.ChinaD.India

【答案與解析】

l.Do圖文信息理解題。題干要求根據(jù)圖表找出在哪個國家把共同價值觀和共同語言看的同等重要，

從文中的柱狀圖表上看出在印度人認為共同價值觀和共同語言同等重要，都是32%。故選D。

03高考練場

【高考真題】

（2023?天津?統(tǒng)考高考真題）OnefreezingmorninglastFebruary,IwalkedthroughOntarioPlace.Treeswere

frostedsculptures.Largechunksoficefloatedinthelake.ThenIsawagroupofpeopleinbathingsuitsbouncing

upanddowninthewater.Theyheldhands,shoutingandyellingintothesky.Theylookedandsoundedsofree.

I'vealwaysfoundcoldwaterthrilling.Theshockofitislikepressingaswitch.Itseemstoresetmybodyand

soul.

Andlastwinter,Idefinitelyneededareset.Iwokeupmostmorningswithadull,greyfeelingasIforced

myselfoutofbedtostarttheday.Ineededsomethingtocheermyselfup,butIdidn'tknowwhat,untilthatday.

Theicewarriors（勇士）emergedfromthelake,theirskinsteaming.Trembling,theywereyetlaughingand

huggingeachother.Icalledout:"Youguysareawesome!,9Onewomanwavedback,“Comeandjoinus!We're

hereeveryMondaymorning.^^

Thenightbeforemyfirstdip（游泳），Iwasexcitedandnervous.Coldwaterwasonething,butthisicylake

wasawholeotherlevel.ShouldIbackout?Eventually,Igotupinthedarkanddrovetothemeetingspot.

Aftersomewildwarmup,Ichargedintothelakealongwithothers.Weyelledintothesky.Teethchattering

heartratesslowing,fingersandtoesgoingnumb（麻木），westayedthereforsomewherebetweentwoandfive

minutes.Knowingitwasmyfirsttime,peoplecheeredmeon.Itfeltamazing.Iwasstupidwithcold,butIcouldn't

rememberthelasttimeI'dfeltsohappy.

NowIgodippingalmosteveryday,andI'vecometolongforthatmomentwhenthecoldbecomesasecond

skinandmyinternalvoicegoessilent.Apartfromthethrillofthosefirstheart-stoppingdives,which,ironically,

savedmefromgoingunder,whathasdrawnmeisthiscommunityofgenerous,open-heartedsouls.

Welaughedtogether,often,butfromthestorieswe'vesharedaboutourselves,IknowI'mnottheonlyone

whofaceslife'schallenges.Holdinghandsinthefreezinglake,welookedoutforeachotherlastwinterandwilldo

sothroughthisone.

Itwon'tfixeverythinginourlives-butforsomereason,ithelps.AttheendofeachsessionIreturnhome

feelingstronger,lighter,moreabletocarryon.Asanotherwintersetsin,I'mmorethanreadytoembracethecold

again.

2.Whydidtheauthorthinkofjoiningtheswimmers?

A.Toexpandhersocialcircle.B.Toliftherspiritsagain.

C.Toadapttothecoldweather.D.Toprepareforanewcareer

3.Whatcanbelearntabouttheauthor'sfirstdipping?

A.Shehesitatedabitbeforegoing.

B.Shesufferedfromaheartproblem.

C.Shestayedincoldwatertoolong.

D.Sheregrettednotdoingenoughwarmup.

4.Whatchangehascoldwaterswimmingbroughtaboutintheauthor?

A.Sheismoreintelligent.

B.Shegetsmorecompetitive.

C.Shebecomesabetterstoryteller.

D.Sheregainsherinnerpeace.

【答案】2.B3.A4.D

【導語】本文是記敘文。這篇文章講述了作者在冰冷的湖中潛泳的經(jīng)歷，并且分享了參與這個活動的人們

所帶來的快樂和支持。通過這個經(jīng)歷，作者能夠重新調(diào)整和振作起來，帶著更強大的力量面對生活中的挑

戰(zhàn)。

2.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Andlastwinter,Idefinitelyneededareset.Iwokeupmostmorningswithadull,

greyfeelingasIforcedmyselfoutofbedtostarttheday.Ineededsomethingtocheermyselfup,butIdidn'tknow

what,untilthatday.（去年冬天，我確實需要重新調(diào)整一下。大多數(shù)早晨，當我強迫自己下床開始新的一天時，

我都是帶著一種沉悶、灰暗的感覺醒來的。我需要一些東西讓自己振作起來，但我不知道是什么，直到那

天。）”可知，作者去年冬天，整個人很沮喪，需要一些東西讓自己振作起來，所以想加入游泳。故選B項。

3.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Thenightbeforemyfirstdip（游泳）,Iwasexcitedandnervous.Coldwaterwasone

thing,butthisicylakewasawholeotherlevel.ShouldIbackout?Eventually,Igotupinthedarkanddrovetothe

meetingspot.（第一次泡澡的前一天晚上，我既興奮又緊張。冷水是一回事，但這個冰湖完全是另一回事。

我應(yīng)該退出嗎?最后，我在黑暗中起床，驅(qū)車前往會面地點。）”可知，作者第一次嘗試冬泳前，她猶豫了一

下。故選A項。

4.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“NowIgodippingalmosteveryday,andFvecometolongforthatmoment

whenthecoldbecomesasecondskinandmyinternalvoicegoessilent.（現(xiàn)在我?guī)缀趺刻於既ビ斡?，我已?jīng)開始

渴望那一刻，當寒冷成為我的第二層皮膚，我內(nèi)心的聲音安靜下來。）”可知，冷水游泳使作者恢復了內(nèi)心的

平靜。故選D項。

（2023?天津?統(tǒng)考高考真題）Ilookedthroughthewindowofthecharminglittleviolinshop,andmyheart

begantorace.

I'dbeenouttodinnerthatevening.Sinceitwasn'tdarkyetafterthemeal,Idecidedtowalkhomefromthe

restaurant.Ihadtraveledthatwaybefore,yetIhadnevernoticedthatoldlittleshop.ButthatnightIfeltdrawnto

theviolinshopthemomentIcameacrossit.

Iwipedthedirtfromthewindowtogetabetterlookinside.Severalviolinshungfromthedarkwalls,quietly

waitingtobechosen.Asmyeyesrestedonthem,IfeltasthoughIwerelookingthroughawindowintomyown

past.

MychildhoodwasallaboutthepursuitsIhadattempted,mostofwhichhadbeenchosenbyMom.Shewas

like,“Jointheswimteam,Tara.Yoursisterisagoodswimmer;surelyyouwillbe,too."Whatsherefusedto

acknowledge,however,wasthatIwasvisiblyafraidofwater.

EverySaturdayIbeggedMomnottomakemegototheswimmeet,buthadlittlechanceofsuccess.Thatsaid,

withabangofthestartinggun,Iwoulddiveintothecoldwaterwithallmystrengthandswimtotheothersideof

thepoolasfastasIcould,onlytofindthattheotherswimmersslidpastme.IwouldhavegivenitupifIhadnot

heardmyfather'sencouragingshoutstocheermeon.Whenatlastmyhandwouldgrabtheedgeofthepool,he

wouldalwaysbetherewithawarm,drytowel,tellingmehowproudhewasofmydesperateefforts.

Thencameaturningpointinmylifethedayourschoolorchestra（管弦樂隊）visitedmyclass,andgavea

demonstration.Thedrumsannoyedme.Theflutes（笛子）boredme.Buttheviolin...ah,theviolin.Itmadethe

sweetestsoundI'deverheard!Myheartwasdancingalongwithitsflowingtune.Forthefirsttimeinmylife,Iwent

sowildwithjoy.

Tightlyholdingthepermissionslipfromtheorchestradirector,Iranallthewayhomeafterschool,and

shakilyhandedittomyparentswithafearthattheymightdismissmydesire.Theydidn*t.Momwasthrilledtosee

mefinallyexcitedaboutsomething,andDadwinked（眨眼示意）atmewhileeagerlysigningtheslip.

Ibeganpracticingtheviolinwithgreatpassion,androsequicklyinability.BeforelongIhadwonthefirstseat

inthecommunityorchestra...

6.WhatdidthesightoftheviolinsinthatlittleshopbringtoTara'smind?

A.Hermiserablepast.

B.Anunforgettablesportevent.

C.Thestoriesbehindtheviolins.

D.Herchildhoodmemory.

8.WhatfascinatedTaraduringherschoolorchestra'sdemonstration?

A.Thetuneoftheflutes.

B.Thebeatofthedrums.

C.Thesoundoftheviolin.

D.Themannerofthemusicians.

9.WhatenabledTaratowinthefirstseatinthecommunityorchestra?

A.Thesteadyimprovementinhertaste.

B.Herstrongdesireforsuccess.

C?Hernaturalgiftformusic.

D.Therapidprogressinherability.

【答案】6.D8.C9.D

【導語】這是一篇記敘文。講述了作者路過櫥窗時，看到一把迷人的小提琴深受吸引。在游泳比賽屢次落

后的情形下，我觀看了學校管弦樂隊舉辦的演奏會。在得到父母的許可下，我充滿激情地練習小提琴最終

成為了社區(qū)管弦樂團的首席。

6.細節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段最后一行"Asmyeyesrestedonthem,IfeltasthoughIwerelookingthrougha

windowintomyownpast."（當我的目光停留在他們身上時，我覺得自己好像在透過窗戶回顧自己的過去。）

和第四段第——行“MychildhoodwasallaboutthepursuitsIhadattempted,mostofwhichhadbeenchosenby

Mom."（我的童年都是我嘗試追求過的愛好，其中大部分都是媽媽選擇的。）可知，透過商店的小提琴作者回

想起了童年。故選D項。

8.細節(jié)理解題。由文章第六段最后兩句"Buttheviolin...ah,theviolin.ItmadethesweetestsoundI'dever

heard!Myheartwasdancingalongwithitsflowingtune.Forthefirsttimeinmylife,Iwentsowildwithjoy.,9（但

是小提琴…啊，小提琴。它發(fā)出了我聽過的最甜美的聲音！我的心隨著它流動的曲調(diào)翩翩起舞。我有生以

來第一次欣喜若狂。）可知是小提琴的聲音令作者癡迷。故選C項。

9.細節(jié)理解題。由文章第八段第一句"Ibeganpracticingtheviolinwithgreatpassion,androsequicklyin

ability.”（我懷著極大的熱情開始練習小提琴，并且能力迅速提升。）可知，作者進步飛速，所以才成為首席。

故選D項。

（2022?天津?高考真題）I'man18-year-oldpre-medicalstudent,tallandgood-looking,withtwoshortstory

booksandquiteanumberofessaystomycredit.WhyamIsingingsuchpraisesofmyself?Justtoexplainthatthe

attainmentofself-pridecomesfromagreatdealofself-love,andtoattainit,onemustfirstlearntoacceptoneself

asoneis.Thatwaswheremystrugglebegan.

BornandraisedinAfrica,IhadalwaystakenmyAfricanoriginasburden.Myself-dislikewasfurtherfueled

whenmyfamilyhadtorelocatetoNorway,whereIattendedahighschool.Comparedtoallthewhitegirlsaround

me,withtheirgoldenhairanddelicatelips,I,ablackgirl,hadcurlyhairandfull,redlips.Mynoseoftenhadathin

sheetofsweatonit,whatevertheweatherwas.Ijustwantedtoburymyselfinmyshellcrying"I'msodifferent!,9

Whatalsocontributedtomyself-dislikewasmyoccasionalstuttering（口吃），whichhadweakenedmy

self-confidence.Italwaysstoodbetweenmeandanyfineopportunity.I'dtakenitasanexcusetoavoidanypublic

speakingsessions,andunknowinglyletitruleoverme.

Fortunately,asIgrewolder,therecameaturningpoint.Onedayawhitegirlcaughtmyeyeontheschoolbus

whenshesuddenlyturnedback.Tomyastonishment,shehadathinsheetofsweatonhernosetoo,anditwasin

at

November!Wow,^^Iwhisperedtomyself,“thisisn'tagenetic（遺傳的）disorderafterall.Ifsperfectlynormal.^^

Dayslater,mylifetookan-othertwist（轉(zhuǎn)折）.Searchingtheinternetforstutteringcures,Iaccidentallylearnedthat

suchfamouspeopleasIsaacNewtonandWinstonChurchillalsostuttered.Iwasgreatlyrelievedandthenanidea

suddenlyhitme一ifI'msmart,Ishouldn'tallowmystutteringtostandbetweenmeandmysuccess.

Anotherboosttomyself-confidencecamedayslaterasIwaswatchingthenewsaboutOprahWinfrey,the

famoustalkshowhostandwriter-she'sblacktoo!WheneverIthinkofherstoryandmyformerdislikeofmy

color,I'mpracticallyfilledwithshame.

Today,FvegrowntoacceptwhatIamwithpride;itsimplygivesmefeelingofuniqueness.Theideaof

self-lovehastakenonawholenewmeaningforme:there?salwayssomethingfantasticaboutus,andwhatweneed

todoislearntoappreciateit.

12.Whatdidtheauthor'soccasionalstutteringbringaboutaccordingonParagraph3?

A.Herlackofself-confidence.

B.Herlossofinterestinschool.

C.Herunwillingnesstogreetherclassmates.

D.Herdesireforchancestoimproveherself.

14.WhatlessondidtheauthorlearnfromthecasesofNewtonandChurchill?

A.Greatmindsspeakalike.

B.Stutteringisnobarriertosuccess.

C.Wisdomcountsmorethanhardwork.

D.Famouspeoplecan'tlivewiththeirweaknesses.

【答案】12.A14.B

【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。講述的是作者在非洲長大的經(jīng)歷，在成長的過程中作者意識到一個人要獲得

自尊就要首先學會接受自己本來的面目。

12.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段"Whatalsocontributedtomyself-dislikewasmyoccasionalstuttering（口吃）,

whichhadweakenedmyself-confidence.（導致我自我厭惡的還有我偶爾的口吃，這削弱了我的自信心。）“可知，

作者的口吃導致作者失去了自信。故選A項。

14.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Iwasgreatlyrelievedandthenanideasuddenlyhitme一ifI'msmart,I

shouldn,tallowmystutteringtostandbetweenmeandmysuccess.（我大大地松了一口氣，然后一個想法突然出

現(xiàn)在我腦海中——如果我聰明，我不應(yīng)該讓我的口吃阻礙我和我的成功。）”可知，作者意識到口吃不應(yīng)該是

自己成功的障礙。故選B項。

（2021?天津?高考真題）WhenpeopleaskmehowIstartedwriting,Ifindmyselfdescribinganurgentneed

thatIfelttoworkwithlanguage.Havingsaidthat,IdidnotknowforalongtimewhatIwaslookingfor.Itwasnot

untilIfollowedthisfeelingtoitssourcethatIdiscoveredIhadapassionforwriting.Withsomeencouragement

frommycolleagues,Ihadoneofmypoemspublished.Thisbitofsuccess,however,wasthepointwheremy

problembegan.

Backin1978,1hadtotravelbetweenthreedifferentcampusesinthemorning,teachingfreshmancomposition.

AfternoonsIspenttakingmydaughtertoherballetandhorse-ridinglessons.Icomposedmylecturesontheway,

andthatwasallthethinkingtimeIhad.WhenIreturnedhome,therewasnotenoughofmeleftforwritingaftera

fullworkingday.

Asawayout,Idecidedtogetuptwohoursbeforemyusualtime.Myalarmwassetfor5:00A.M.Thefirst

dayIshutitoffbecauseIhadplaceditwithinarm'sreach.TheseconddayIsettwoclocks,oneonmynighttable,

andoneoutinthehallway.Ihadtojumpoutofbedandruntosilenceitbeforemyfamilywasawoken.Thiswas

whenmymorningwritingbegan.

Sincethatfirstmorningin1978,Ihavebeenfollowingthehabittothisday,notmakingoracceptingmany

excusesfornotwriting.Iwrotemypoemsinthismannerfornearlytenyearsbeforemyfirstbookwaspublished.

WhenIdecidedtowriteanovel,Idividedmytwohours:thefirstforpoetry,thesecondforfiction.Wellorbadly,I

wroteatleasttwopagesaday.Thisishowmynovel,TheLineoftheSun.wasfinished.IfIhadwaitedtohavethe

time,Iwouldstillbewaitingtowritemynovel.

WhatIgotoutofgettingupinthedarktoworkisthefeelingthatIamincontrol.Formanypeople,theinitial

senseofurgencytocreateeasilydiesawaybecauseitrequiresmakingthetoughdecision:takingthetimetocreate,

stealingitfromyourselfififstheonlyway.

16.Whatmotivatedtheauthortostartherwritingcareer?

A.Herstrongwishtoshare.

B.Herkeeninterestinwriting.

C.Herurgentneedtomakealiving.

D.Herpassionatedesireforfame.

17.Whatproblemdidtheauthorfacewhenshedecidedtobeginherwriting?

A.Shewastooexhaustedtowriteafterabusyday.

B.Shehadtroubleindecidingonherwritingstyle.

C.Shehadtotaketimetodisciplineherdaughter.

D.Shewasunsureaboutherwritingskills.

18.Whydidtheauthorplaceanalarmclockinthehallway?

A.Incasetheclockinherroombrokedown.

B.Incaseshefailedtoheartheringing.

C.Toforceherselfoutofbed.

D.Towakeupherfamily.

【答案】16.B17.A18.C

【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述的是作者喜愛寫作并制定計劃一直堅持下來。

16.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段"WhenpeopleaskmehowIstartedwriting,Ifindmyselfdescribinganurgent

needthatIfelttoworkwithlanguage.”當人們問我是如何開始寫作的時候，我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在描述一種對語言的迫

切需求。可知，促使作者開始她的寫作生涯的原因是她對寫作的強烈興趣。故選B項。

17.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“WhenIreturnedhome,therewasnotenoughofmeleftforwritingafterafull

workingday."當我回到家時，在工作了一整天后，我寫東西的精力已經(jīng)不夠了?？芍斪髡邲Q定開始寫作

時，因為她忙碌了一天之后，她筋疲力盡，無法再寫作了。故選A項。

18.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“ThefirstdayIshutitoffbecauseIhadplaceditwithinarm'sreach.Thesecond

dayIsettwoclocks,oneonmynighttable,andoneoutinthehallway.”第一天我把它關(guān)掉了，因為我把它放在觸

手可及的地方。第二天，我調(diào)了兩個鐘，一個放在床頭柜上，一個放在走廊上?？芍髡咴谧呃壤锓帕?/p>

一個鬧鐘的原因是為了強迫自己起床。故選C項。

（2020?天津?高考真題）"Theytellmethatyou'dliketomakeastatue（塑像）ofme-isthatcorrect,Miss

VinnieReam?^^

Thedeep,gentlevoicehelpedcalmthenervousgirl.AskingafavorofthePresidentoftheUnitedStateswas

nocasualmatter,especiallyforaseventeen-year-oldgirl.

“Yes,sir,"shereplied,herdarkeyesmeetinghis."Iwouldn'thaveduoaskyou,butmyteacher,Mr.Mills,

saysIamready.Iplantomakeitinanadmirablemanner.44

PresidentLincolnsmiled."Painters,sculptors-they\ealltriedtomakethebestofthisordinaryface,butFm

afraidthere5snotmuchhope.Whatdidyouhaveinmind,MissReam?Abust（半身像）？”

BeforeVinniecouldsayyes,thePresidenthurriedon,ashadeofapologyinhisvoice.

“Ofcourse-Ishouldn'thaveasked.Afull-lengthposewouldbemuchtoobigaprojectforayoungwoman

yoursize.”

Vinnie'sfaceturnedred.Sherealizedshelookedlikeachild,withhertinyfigure.t6Smalldoesnotmeanweak,

sir/shedefendedherself.CCIwasbominthecountryofWisconsin.Fvedriventeamsofhorsesandcarriedwater.

Makingafull-lengthclay（粘土）figurewouldnotexhaustmystrength-andthatiswhatIintendtodo!”

ThePresidenfseyes,brightenedathershowofspirit."Sorry,madam,IhaveunderestimatedyouasIdidn't

knowyourbackground.^^

Buthissmilefadedasherubbedhisbeardwithbonyfingers,inthought.6tMissReam,^^hesighed,'Tdliketo

letyoudoit,butasyouknow,weareinthemiddleofawar.HowcouldIpossiblytakethetimetoposefora

sculpturenow?Ihardlyhaveaminutetomyself.^^

Vinnieglancedaroundandnotedthesizeofhisoffice."Iworkquickly,9,shesaid.Hervoicewassoftbut

confidentasshepointedtothecomernearthewindows.44IfIweretobringmyclayhereandworkforthreehours

everyafternoon,Icouldcompletemostoftheprojectwhileyouareatyourdesk.”

ThePresidentseemedtoconsiderherideaseriously.HegotupandshookVinnie'shandwarmly,"I'veheard

thatyouareatalentedyoungwoman,andIhavefoundyoucharmingandintelligentaswell.Icannotmakemy

decisionimmediately,butyouwillhearfrommesoon.^^

Theverynextday,VinniereceivedaninvitationfromthePresident.

21.WhatgaveVinnieconfidencetomakeherrequestofPresidentLincoln?

A.Heraggressivepersonality.

B.Mr.Mills'sencouragingremark.

C.PresidentLincoln'sgentlevoice.

D.Herinterestinachallengingjob.

【答案】21.B

【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要記敘了