醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)42講解

醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)課程Firstaid國(guó)家級(jí)臨床醫(yī)學(xué)專業(yè)教學(xué)資源庫(kù)語(yǔ)

法

篇定語(yǔ)從句語(yǔ)法講解

Non-finite1.Themanisaworker.2.Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.合并句子:Themanwho

isspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.主句從句定語(yǔ)從句概念:在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞的句子.(Attributiveclause)Maryisabeautiful

girl.Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.形容詞作定語(yǔ)句子作定語(yǔ),修飾girl,叫做定語(yǔ)從句Maryisagirl.(主句)Maryhaslonghair.(從句)合并為一個(gè)句子Maryisagirl

whohaslonghair.主句定語(yǔ)從句先行詞關(guān)系詞定語(yǔ)從句Maryisagirl

who

haslonghair.關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞which,thatwho,whom,whoseWhere,when,why

定語(yǔ)從句的用法:1.當(dāng)先行詞是物時(shí),用which

或that引導(dǎo).Thesearethe

treeswhich

/that

wereplantedlastyear.2.當(dāng)先行詞是人時(shí),用who,

whom,whose,that引導(dǎo).Thesearethe

studentswho/that

wonthefirstplacelastyear.Thegirl(whom)ImetisLucy.AchildwhoseparentsaredeadiscalledTom.3.who,whom,whose,that用法區(qū)別.⑴who作定語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ).Themanwho

isspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.Themanisaworker.(主句)Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.(從句)分解作主語(yǔ)⑵Whom

作定語(yǔ)從句的賓語(yǔ)Thewomanwhom

theywantedtovisitisateacher.Thewomanisateacher.(主句)Theywantedtovisitthewoman.(定語(yǔ)從句)分解作賓語(yǔ)⑶whose

作定語(yǔ)從句的定語(yǔ).Iknowthegirlwhose

motherisateacher.分解Iknowthegirl.(主句)Thegirl’smotherisateacher.

定語(yǔ)從句作定語(yǔ)⑷that可以作定語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ).注意:

關(guān)系代詞作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略.Thewoman(whom/that)

theywantedtovisitisateacher.分解Thewomanisateacher.(主句)Theywantedtovisit

thewoman.(定語(yǔ)從句)作賓語(yǔ)Haveatry指出關(guān)系代詞（副詞）在定語(yǔ)從句中的成份：1.Themanwho

cametoourschoolisMr.Wang.()2.Thegirl(whom)

ImetisLucy.()3.Achildwhose

parentsaredeadiscalledTom.()4.Ilikethebook(which)

youboughtyesterday.()

主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)4.只能用that的情況①序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾先行詞時(shí)Tomisthecleverest

boy

thatIhaveeverknown.Thisisthefirst

playthatIhaveseensinceIcamehere.③everything,something,nothing,all,anything,little,much等不定代詞作先行詞時(shí)

Everything

thatwesawinthisfilmwastrue.②先行詞被every,some,no,all,any,little,much等修飾時(shí)。I’vereadallthebooksthatyoulendme.④先行詞被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修飾時(shí)。Thisistheverybook

that

belongstohim.⑤主句已有who或which時(shí)Whoisthegirlthatisstandingunderthetree?WhichisthemachinethatweusedlastSunday.⑥

當(dāng)先行詞同時(shí)指人和物時(shí)I’veneverheardofthepeopleandthingsthatyoutalkedaboutjustnow.5.關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí)(介詞提前).指人只用whom,指物只用whichThisistheboywith

whomhetalked.Thisistheringon

whichshespent1000dollars.6.關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞是引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的，在從句中作狀語(yǔ)。

where:在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),指代地點(diǎn).

The

hotelwasn’tclean.(主句)

Westayedatthehotel.(定語(yǔ)從句)Thehotel

wherewestayedwasn’tclean.Thehotel

atwhichwestayedwasn’tclean.The

hotel

(which)

westayedatwasn’tclean.地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)分解

I’llneverforgettheday.(主句)

IjoinedthePartyonthatday.

(定語(yǔ)從句)I’llneverforgettheday

when

IjoinedtheParty.I’llneverforgettheday

onwhich

IjoinedtheParty.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)分解when:

在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),指代時(shí)間。Exercise1.Ihaveafriend________likeslisteningtoclassicalmusic.3.Theman______legbrokeinamatchusedtobeafootballplayer.2.YesterdayEmilywaswearingthenewdress__________Igaveher.4.Myparentsliveinahouse__________ismorethan100yearsold.5.Theboywith_______Johnspokeismybrother.6.Kevinisreadingabook__________istoodifficultforhim.7.Isthereanything________youwanttobuyinthetown.8.All______wecandoistostudyhard.9.Thefirstone_____standsupisalittleboy.10.Thisistheschool_____Mr.Smithoncetaught.Exercise1.Ihaveafriend________likeslisteningtoclassicalmusic.who/thatwhich/thatwhose3.Theman______legbrokeinamatchusedtobeafootballplayer.2.YesterdayEmilywaswearingthenewdress__________Igaveher.4.Myparentsliveinahouse__________ismorethan100yearsold.5.Theboywith_______Johnspokeismybrother.which/thatwhom6.Kevinisreadingabook__________istoodifficultforhim.which/that7.Isthereanything________youwanttobuyinthetown.8.All______wecandoistostudyhard.9.Thefirstone_____standsupisalittleboy.10.Thisistheschool_____Mr.Smithoncetaught.thatthatthatwhereExercise由Who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，在句中做主語(yǔ)\賓語(yǔ)1、Doyouknowtheman___istalkingwithyourfather?A.whoseB.whoC.which2、Theboys___theteachertalkedtoarefromClassOne.A.whenB.whichC.who3、Those___wanttogotothemuseummustbeattheschoolgateat7tomorrowmorning.A.whoB.whichC.whom選擇題4.Thegentleman___youtoldmeyesterdayprovedtobeathief.A.whoB.aboutwhomC.whom5.Thedoctor___youarelookingforisintheroom.A.whomB.whatC.which6.

Theteacherfor____youarewaitinghascome.A.whoB.whomC.that由Whom引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，在句中做賓語(yǔ)介詞提前時(shí)只能用whom7.Achild___parentsaredeadiscalledanorphan.A.whichB.hisC.whose8.Thisbookisforthestudents___native(本國(guó)的)languageisnotEnglish.A.thatB.ofwhomC.whose9.Theboy___compositionwonthefirstprizeistheyoungestinthegroup.A.whoB.whoseC.that由Whose引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句,在句中做定語(yǔ)10、Hepreferstoeattherice___inthesouth.A.whoisgrownB.

which