曼昆經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)原理英文版文案加習(xí)題答案12章

1、12the design of the tax系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)PK SNE win the seven thedition :所有表都更新了最新可用的numbers.annewinthenewsboxon“tax expenditures hasbeeadded”。學(xué)習(xí)對(duì)象：按圖形結(jié)束，studentsshoulderegularm:怎么了？efefficiencycostsoftaxesalternativewaystojudgetheequityofataxsystem為什么stuyingtaxincidence交易fbfeffeffeffeffeffef上下文和輸出：chapter 12 is

2、thethirdchapterinathree-chaptersequenceontheeconomicsofthepublicsector.chapter 10 addressed externalities.chapter 11 執(zhí)行以下函數(shù)時(shí)，需要ndcommonresources.chapter 12 addressthestaxsystem.taxesareinevitable提供程序公共產(chǎn)品或法規(guī)theprurposeofchapter 12 istobiledontheslesernedatabouttesinproventationtheateaxteraticationati

3、onthequ arket， ththedisthedistributionoftheburdenofataxdependsontherelectionityofsupplyanddemand和thatttactescordeauthedweightlosses.weedep er 12 ernmentraissandspendsmoney.the difficultyofmakingataxsystembotheffficientandequitableisthendiscKEY POINTS:ernmentraisere

4、venueusingvarioustaxes.themostimportanttaxesforthefederalgovernmentareindividualincomtaxesandpayrol emothimportinforstationandlocalgemontaresalestaxsandpropertytaxes。theeffecicyentityofataxitsystemerferecorstothecostsitimportsontaxpayers.theteraretocostoftecossbeyondthetransferofthetaxp aite 已支付thed

5、eadweightlosstharissastesalterincentedintemsanddddistoretheallocationoftheresources.t稅金theecontityofatextasysconnersheatexterburdenisdistributionfairyamoingthpopulation.acordirtingtothebenefiprinciple利用我們的公平pertopaytaxes的功能是基于financial burden.heverlatingtheequityofataxsystem，并在itisimportttoremereass

6、forthesurtyoftextecandinde此時(shí)，consideringchangesinthetaxlaws forilycommerrsofthefeatatratedeverationbefecenticeryandequity.hedebeateoverationpolicyariCHAPTER OUTLINE:I.ernment此材質(zhì)將更新從時(shí)間到時(shí)間的數(shù)據(jù)enterditionoftheeconomicreportofthepresidenta .圖像1 showstheleventofgovernmentreve

7、nueintheunitedstates，包括federal，state，和本地governments，輔助功能幻想11.theroleofgovernmenthasgrownsubstantially超過(guò)了過(guò)去的中心2.governmentsreverfortionthegovernmentserverreforthegovernmentslevelofincome。b.table1comparesthetaxburdenforseveremajorcountries，asmeasuredbythegovernmentstaxrevenueasapercentageofthenationst

8、otalin表11.theunitedstateshasalowtaxburdencomparedtomostotheradvancedeconomies。2.manyeuropeannationshaveinhighertaxes、whichfinanceamoregeneroussocialsafetynetc.federalgovernment1 .接收a .表2 reportsreceiptsofthefederalgovernmentin 2011表2b .總復(fù)制$ 2，520 billion or $ 8，077個(gè)人。c.thelargestsourceofrevenueisthe

9、individualincometax。d.amilysincometaxliabilityishowhowmitheowsintaxesbasedonoincome.thistationisnotproportionaltobeine.itisbasedonoincome是ded andthetaxraterisesasincomeises.table3presentsfederaltaxratesfor 2013。表3e.otherimportantrevenuesourcesincludepayrolltaxes (socialinsurancetaxes )、corporateinet

10、ax、and excise taxes。2.Spendinga .表4 reportswherethefederalgovernmentspentitsbudgetin 2011表4b .總費(fèi)用$ 3，757 billion or $ 12，042個(gè)人。c.thelarrgestcortionofexisidetructionisforincomeisecurity，whichicincinssocialsecurity，unemployment insurance payments， andwelfarepayments.thesecondlargestexpenseishealthprog

11、rams，including Medicare，Medicaid，and spending on medical research。d.nextlargestcategoryofspendingisnationaldefense。e.adantipromenttcortionofexpenditureisnetinterestonthefederaldebt.e3 .定義為預(yù)算中定義的： anexessofemontmentspendingovergovernmentrecepts。activity1- alphabet soup : theroleofthegovernmentType:In-class assignmentTopics: The role of governmentMaterials needed: NoneTime: 15 minutes等級(jí)限制：工作sinanysizeclass4 .定義為預(yù)算surplus : anexcessofemontmentrecentsovementsovementsoventspending .Purposet