非謂語動詞復(fù)習(xí)課件

1、Grammar,非謂語動詞,revision,觀察下列句子中的動詞,看看它們是否充當(dāng)謂語： 1. Dont teach fish to swim. 2. It would be a waste of money building such a luxurious park. 3. The president was warmly welcomed by the residents. 4. Talking to such a man is just like talking to a wall. 5. I have much to do and I cant go shopping with y

2、ou. 6. Drinking boiled water helps you recover.,-,_ _,-,-,非謂語,謂語,非謂語,非謂語,謂語,非謂語,結(jié)論： 動名詞，現(xiàn)在分詞，不定式與過去分詞以及它們相應(yīng)時態(tài)與語態(tài)下的各種形式叫作動詞的非謂語形式。換言之，不能作謂語的動詞形式叫非謂語動詞。,謂語,_,謂語,非謂語,謂語,非謂語,謂語,_,非謂語,非謂語,謂語,不定式,請指出不定式在各個句中的成分。,1.To see is to believe. 2. Its right to give up a bad habit. 3. His wish is to be a doctor in

3、the future. 4.She wanted to buy an EnglishEnglish dictionary. 5.There is nothing to worry about.,_,主語,_,表語,_,主語,_,表語,_,賓語,_,定語,6.To do this, you should add some water. 7. We were very excited to hear the news. 8. She is too tired to do the job. 9. We hurried to the hall, only to find everyone had le

4、ft. 10.To be honest, I know nothing about it. 11. I often hear him sing the song.,_,目的狀語,_,原因狀語,_,結(jié)果狀語,_,結(jié)果狀語,_,賓補,_,獨立成分,In conclusion,不定式可以作： 主語 表語 賓語 定語 狀語（表目的，結(jié)果，原因） 賓補 獨立成分,1.后面只用動詞不定式作賓語的動詞有：,want, ,afford, manage, agree, decide, expect, fail, hope, promise, pretend, plan, intend, refuse, wish

5、.,2.有些動詞作賓補時，不定式to要省略，這些動詞有：,感官動詞：hear, feel, watch, see, notice, observe, etc.,使役動詞：have, let, make,3. Wh-+to,1) My question was _ to get so many books. 2) When and _ to hold the meeting is not known yet. 3) He didnt know _ to say, so he just kept silent.,how,where,what,結(jié)論：疑問詞+不定式在句子中可作主語、賓語、表語等。,N

6、OTICE,動名詞,I.動名詞具有動詞和名詞的性質(zhì)。其構(gòu)成形式:,II.動名詞的用法： 1.Getting up early and going to bed early is a good habit. 2. It is no use arguing with him. 3. My job is teaching . 4.I like surfing the Internet while he is fond of watching TV. 5.You must keep silent in the reading room.,結(jié)論：動名詞在句子中可作主語、表語、謂語動詞和介詞的賓語和 定語

7、。,_,主語,_,主語,_,表語,_,_,賓語,_,定語,4.forget，go on，mean，regret，remember，stop，try等動詞或詞組可帶動名詞或不定式作賓語，但意義上有區(qū)別。,忘記/記得 /遺憾要去做某事,to do sth. forget/remember/regret,忘記/記得/后悔/已做了某事,doing,stop,to do sth.,doing sth.,停下來做另一件事,停止做某事,mean,to do sth.,doing sth.,打算做某事,意味著/意思是,try,doing sth.,to do sth.,努力做,嘗試做.,go on,doing

8、 sth.,to do,接著做另一件事,繼續(xù)做,I remembered_ (lock) the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights. (2012安徽）,to lock,III.1.只跟動名詞作賓語的動詞有：admit，appreciate，avoid consider，delay，dislike，enjoy，escape，excuse，face，feel like，finish，forgive，give up，imagine，include，keep，mention，mind，miss，practi

9、se，put off，resist，risk，suggest，cant help（情不自禁），cant stand（無法忍受）devote to，look forward to，stick to， be used to，object to,2.在love，hate，prefer，like等動詞后用動名詞或不定式無多大區(qū)別。有時用動名詞作賓語時，指一般情況，而跟不定式作賓語時指某一具體行為。,3.start，begin，continue在書面語中多后接動名詞，在口語中多后接不定式。 但start和begin在下列情況下一般跟不定式作賓語：當(dāng)主語是物而不是人時；當(dāng)start或begin以-ing形

10、式出現(xiàn)時，當(dāng)后面作賓語的動詞表示感情、思想或意念時。如： It started to snow. He is beginning to cook dinner. I began to understand what he meant.,1).Missing the train means_( wait)for another hour. 2). I meant _ ( come ) this morning, but I had an unexpected visitor.,waiting,to come,IV. 動名詞的否定形式： not +G.,5.allow，advise，forbid，

11、permit ，encourage,sb. to do sth.,doing sth.,V.動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu) 動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)由物主代詞或人稱代詞賓格、名詞所有格或普通格加動名詞構(gòu)成。如果動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語，其邏輯主語是無生命的名詞時，用普通格。,6.動詞need，require，want作“需要”解，deserve(值得)其后必須用動名詞的主動形式或不定式的被動形式作賓語表示事情需要做，這時，動名詞的主動式表示被動意義。be worth后必須用動名詞的主動形式來表示被動意義。,He is often criticized by the teacher because of _ (沒有去)

12、 to school on time.,not going,1. (2015新課標(biāo)全國卷語法填空)In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ability to “air condition” a house without _ (use) electric equipment. 2.(2014新課標(biāo)全國卷語法填空)One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about _ (be) late for sc

13、hool. 3.(2016吉林省實驗中學(xué)模擬)He appreciated _ (give) a chance to make a presentation in the annual seminar on Comparative Literature. 4.(2016太原五中階段檢測) Scientists have discovered that (stay)_ in the cold could help us lose weight.,用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。,using,being,being given,staying,1.動名詞在句子中作主語、賓語、表語和定語。 2.動名詞的主動

14、和被動語態(tài)： doing being done having done having been done 3.一些謂語動詞接賓語的情況。 4.動名詞的否定式:not+ doing 5.動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu): 形容詞性物主代詞、名詞所有格+動名詞,conclusion,現(xiàn)在分詞,.現(xiàn)在分詞的定義 現(xiàn)在分詞是動詞的另一種形式。它兼有動詞、副詞和形容詞的特征，可以帶賓語或受狀語修飾?，F(xiàn)在分詞和賓語或狀語一起構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在分詞短語。,III. 現(xiàn)在分詞的否定式：,not + doing,II. 現(xiàn)在分詞的形式：,IV. 現(xiàn)在分詞的用法:,1._(run)waterwasneverstale.流水不腐。 2.Th

15、ey live in a house _ (face) the sea. 3. The story is _ (move).,Running,facing,moving,(定語),(定語),(表語),4._ (not realize) that he was in great danger, Eric walked deeper into the forest .5. While _ (read) the book, he nodded from time to time. 6. Europeanfootballwasplayedin80countries,_ (make) itthemost

16、popularsportintheworld. 7. _ (work)hard,youwillsucceed. 8. _ (fail) manytimes,hedidntloseheart. 9.The school library provides a variety of books, _ （hope) they will meet the needs of different students.,Not realizing,=Because he didnt realize,reading,=While he was reading,making,Working,=If you work

17、 hard, you / Work hard and you will succeed.,Having failed,=Although he had failed,hoping,=and they hopes they,10. Hekeptus_(wait )forawholehour. 11. Donthavethechild _(stand)inthesun.,waiting,standing,結(jié)論：現(xiàn)在分詞在句中可作：定語、表語、狀語和補語。,過去分詞,構(gòu)成：done,過去分詞的用法： 1.The party _(give) by his friends was a great suc

18、cess. 2.You must get used to the _(change) conditions. 3.The window is _ (break). 4. _ (give) another hour, I can also work out the problem. 5. _ (catch) in a heavy rain, he had a fever. 6.When _ (give) a physical examination, you should keep calm. 7.He stood there,_ (move) to tears.,given,changed,b

19、roken,Given,Caught,given,moved,定語,定語,表語,=If I was given,表條件,Because he was caught,狀語,1.Not understand this problem, he asked the teacher about it. 2.One evening Harry phoned me, ask me to come to his flat as soon as possible. 3.Warning of the danger, he still went skating on the thin ice. 4.The play

20、ers are selected from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game. 5.He had his wallet steal on his way home. 6.The man did as told and slept really well, wake up before the alarm had even gone off.,改錯：,_,_,_,_,_,understanding,asking,Warned,stolen,waking,現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞用法上有何區(qū)別？,翻譯

21、各組句子，指出現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞的區(qū)別 1. (1) When spoken to, please fix your attention. (2) When speaking, please speak clearly.,別人對你說話時，你要專心聽。 你說話時，口齒要清晰。,Spoken (to) 與speaking語態(tài)不同，前者表被動，后者表主動。,2. (1) Drinking boiled water helps you recover. (2) Make sure the boiling water is out of childrens reach.,喝開水有利于你康復(fù)。 確保把開水

22、放在孩子夠不著的地方。,boiled 與boiling 由不及物動詞轉(zhuǎn)化而來，現(xiàn)在分詞表進行(即水正在沸騰)；過去分詞表完成(水開過，但已涼下來)。,3. (1) There is no milk left in the bottle. (2) There is no milk remaining in the bottle.,瓶子里沒剩下牛奶了。 瓶子里沒剩下牛奶了。,remaining與 left形式不同，但表達相同的意思，前者由不及物動詞變來，后者由及物動詞變來。,區(qū)別現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞要注意三點：現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞語態(tài)上的區(qū)別(現(xiàn)在分詞表主動，過去分詞表被動)；現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞時態(tài)上

23、的區(qū)別(現(xiàn)在分詞表進行，過去分詞表完成)；現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞語義上的競合(形式不同，意義基本一致)。,動名詞和不定式作主語的區(qū)別,_ (move )this heavy box is not easy. _(read) in the sun is bad for your eyes.,To move,Reading,conclusion,動名詞： 抽象、經(jīng)常性動作,不定式： 具體、一次 性動作,不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞作定語,1. The problem _ at the meeting next week is of great importance. 2.The problem _ at the meeting now is of great importa