美國(guó)總統(tǒng)在聯(lián)合國(guó)氣候變化大會(huì)的講話(huà)(已打印).doc

2009年12月18日，奧巴馬總統(tǒng)在哥本哈根聯(lián)合國(guó)氣候變化大會(huì)發(fā)表講話(huà)，闡述美國(guó)在氣候變化問(wèn)題上的立場(chǎng)和采取的行動(dòng)。以下是講話(huà)的全文：Remarks at Copenhagen Summit on Climate Changeby the U.S.President Barack Obama Copenhagen, DenmarkDecember 18, 2009美國(guó)總統(tǒng)在聯(lián)合國(guó)氣候變化大會(huì)的講話(huà)丹麥，哥本哈根2009年12月18日Good morning. It is an honor for me to join this distinguished group of leaders from nations around the world. We come here in Copenhagen because climate change poses a grave and growing danger to our people. All of you would not be here unless you like me were convinced that this danger is real. This is not fiction, it is science. Unchecked, climate change will pose unacceptable risks to our security, our economies, and our planet. This much we know.早上好。十分榮幸能與世界各國(guó)尊貴的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人匯聚一堂。我們來(lái)到哥本哈根，是因?yàn)闅夂蜃兓瘜?duì)各國(guó)人民構(gòu)成的嚴(yán)重威脅與日俱增。諸位如果不相信這一危險(xiǎn)確實(shí)存在，你們同我一樣都不會(huì)來(lái)到這里。這不是憑空虛構(gòu)，這是科學(xué)。如果不加以制止，氣候變化就將對(duì)我們的安全、我們的經(jīng)濟(jì)和我們的地球構(gòu)成不可接受的危險(xiǎn)。對(duì)此我們都了然于胸。The question, then, before us is no longer the nature of the challenge - the question is our capacity to meet it. For while the reality of climate change is not in doubt, I have to be honest, as the world watches us today, I think our ability to take collective action is in doubt right now, and it hangs in the balance.因此，我們面臨的問(wèn)題不再是這一挑戰(zhàn)的性質(zhì)，而是我們應(yīng)對(duì)這一挑戰(zhàn)的能力。因?yàn)楸M管氣候變化的現(xiàn)實(shí)已無(wú)庸置疑，但恕我直言，在今天全世界都注視著我們的時(shí)候，我認(rèn)為現(xiàn)在我們共同采取行動(dòng)的能力還難以確定。這個(gè)問(wèn)題事關(guān)生死存亡。I believe we can act boldly, and decisively, in the face of a common threat. Thats why I come here today not to talk, but to act. (Applause.)我相信面對(duì)這一共同威脅，我們能夠采取勇敢、果斷的行動(dòng)。這就是我為什么來(lái)到這里的原因不是為了高談闊論，而是為了付諸行動(dòng)。（掌聲）Now, as the worlds largest economy and as the worlds second largest emitter, America bears our responsibility to address climate change, and we intend to meet that responsibility. Thats why weve renewed our leadership within international climate change negotiations. Thats why weve worked with other nations to phase out fossil fuel subsidies. Thats why weve taken bold action at home by making historic investments in renewable energy; by putting our people to work increasing efficiency in our homes and buildings; and by pursuing comprehensive legislation to transform to a clean energy economy.作為全世界最大的經(jīng)濟(jì)體和排放量名列第二的國(guó)家，美國(guó)在應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化方面有自己的一份責(zé)任，我們準(zhǔn)備盡這份責(zé)任。這就是為什么我們重新在國(guó)際氣候變化談判中發(fā)揮主導(dǎo)作用的原因。這就是為什么我們與其他國(guó)家共同努力，逐步取消化石燃料補(bǔ)貼的原因。這就是為什么我們?cè)趪?guó)內(nèi)采取果敢行動(dòng)的原因?qū)稍偕茉催M(jìn)行前所未有的投資；要求我國(guó)相關(guān)人員努力提高住宅和建筑物的能效；并爭(zhēng)取通過(guò)綜合立法向清潔能源經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)化。These mitigation actions are ambitious, and we are taking them not simply to meet global responsibilities. We are convinced, as some of you may be convinced, that changing the way we produce and use energy is essential to Americas economic future that it will create millions of new jobs, power new industries, keep us competitive, and spark new innovation. Were convinced, for our own self-interest, that the way we use energy, changing it to a more efficient fashion, is essential to our national security, because it helps to reduce our dependence on foreign oil, and helps us deal with some of the dangers posed by climate change.這些減排行動(dòng)意義深遠(yuǎn)。我們采取這些行動(dòng)不僅是為了履行全球責(zé)任。我們相信或許你們有些人也相信改變我們生產(chǎn)和使用能源的方式對(duì)美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的未來(lái)必不可少。這樣做將創(chuàng)造數(shù)以百萬(wàn)計(jì)新的就業(yè)崗位，為新興行業(yè)提供動(dòng)力，保持我們的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)能力并激發(fā)新的創(chuàng)新。我們深信，為了我們的自身利益，我們使用能源的方式，使之向提高效率的方向轉(zhuǎn)換，對(duì)我們的國(guó)家安全必不可少，因?yàn)檫@樣做有助于減少我們對(duì)外來(lái)石油的依賴(lài)，也有助于應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化構(gòu)成的某些危險(xiǎn)。So I want this plenary session to understand, America is going to continue on this course of action to mitigate our emissions and to move towards a clean energy economy, no matter what happens here in Copenhagen. We think it is good for us, as well as good for the world. But we also believe that we will all be stronger, all be safer, all be more secure if we act together. Thats why it is in our mutual interest to achieve a global accord in which we agree to certain steps, and to hold each other accountable to certain commitments.因此，我希望本次全會(huì)的與會(huì)者知道，無(wú)論哥本哈根大會(huì)的結(jié)果如何，美國(guó)將繼續(xù)采取這一行動(dòng)方針，減少我們的排放，向清潔能源經(jīng)濟(jì)的目標(biāo)前進(jìn)。我們認(rèn)為，這對(duì)我們本身有利，也對(duì)全世界有利。然而，我們也認(rèn)為，如果我們能共同采取行動(dòng)，我們大家都會(huì)更強(qiáng)大，更安全，更有保障。正因?yàn)槿绱?，達(dá)成一項(xiàng)各方都同意采取某些步驟并相互要求對(duì)某些承諾負(fù)責(zé)的全球性協(xié)議，符合我們的共同利益。After months of talk, after two weeks of negotiations, after innumerable side meetings, bilateral meetings, endless hours of discussion among negotiators, I believe that the pieces of that accord should now be clear.經(jīng)過(guò)幾個(gè)月的討論，經(jīng)過(guò)兩個(gè)星期的談判，經(jīng)過(guò)大量會(huì)外的會(huì)談、雙邊會(huì)晤和談判人員日以繼夜的磋商，我相信這項(xiàng)協(xié)議各個(gè)方面的內(nèi)容應(yīng)該已經(jīng)很明確。First, all major economies must put forward decisive national actions that will reduce their emissions, and begin to turn the corner on climate change. Im pleased that many of us have already done so. Almost all the major economies have put forward legitimate targets, significant targets, ambitious targets. And Im confident that America will fulfill the commitments that we have made: cutting our emissions in the range of 17 percent by 2020, and by more than 80 percent by 2050 in line with final legislation.首先，所有的主要經(jīng)濟(jì)體必須提出明確的國(guó)家行動(dòng)減少各自的排放量，著手在氣候變化問(wèn)題上開(kāi)創(chuàng)新局面。令我高興的是，我們已經(jīng)有很多國(guó)家這樣做了。幾乎所有的主要經(jīng)濟(jì)體都已提出合理的目標(biāo)，重大的目標(biāo)，意義深遠(yuǎn)的目標(biāo)。我堅(jiān)信，美國(guó)將履行已經(jīng)做出的承諾：到2020年減排17%，到2050年減排80%以上，使之符合最后通過(guò)的法案。Second, we must have a mechanism to review whether we are keeping our commitments, and exchange this information in a transparent manner. These measures need not be intrusive, or infringe upon sovereignty. They must, however, ensure that an accord is credible, and that were living up to our obligations. Without such accountability, any agreement would be empty words on a page.第二，我們必須建立一種機(jī)制審查我們是否信守自己的承諾，并以透明的方式交流這方面的信息。這些措施不必具有干預(yù)性，無(wú)需涉及主權(quán)。但這些措施必須確保達(dá)成的協(xié)議言而有信，確保我們都在履行自己的義務(wù)。沒(méi)有這種問(wèn)責(zé)制度，任何協(xié)議都只是一紙空文。I dont know how you have an international agreement where we all are not sharing information and ensuring that we are meeting our commitments. That doesnt make sense. It would be a hollow victory.令我無(wú)法想象的是，對(duì)于達(dá)成的國(guó)際協(xié)議，各方可以不共享信息，也不保證履行各自的承諾。這種協(xié)議簡(jiǎn)直毫無(wú)意義，只能是徒有虛名。Number three, we must have financing that helps developing countries adapt, particularly the least developed and most vulnerable countries to climate change. America will be a part of fast-start funding that will ramp up to $10 billion by 2012. And yesterday, Secretary Hillary Clinton, my Secretary of State, made it clear that we will engage in a global effort to mobilize $100 billion in financing by 2020, if and only if it is part of a broader accord that I have just described. 第三，我們必須籌集資金，幫助發(fā)展中國(guó)家適應(yīng)氣候變化，特別是那些最不發(fā)達(dá)和最容易受氣候變化影響的國(guó)家。美國(guó)將參與一項(xiàng)快速啟動(dòng)融資項(xiàng)目。到2012年，該項(xiàng)目將籌集100億美元。昨天，國(guó)務(wù)卿希拉里克林頓明確表示，我們將參與全球行動(dòng)，到2020年籌集1,000億美元資金，前提是只有在這個(gè)前提下這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃必須納入我剛才談到的更全面的協(xié)議。Mitigation. Transparency. Financing. Its a clear formula one that embraces the principle of common but differentiated responses and respective capabilities. And it adds up to a significant accord - one that takes us farther than we have ever gone before as an international community.減排。透明。融資。這是一個(gè)明確的方案其原則是，共同應(yīng)對(duì)，措施有別，各盡其能。所有這些構(gòu)筑了一個(gè)重要的協(xié)議可以讓我們的國(guó)際社會(huì)取得前所未有的進(jìn)展。I just want to say to this plenary session that we are running short on time. And at this point, the question is whether we will move forward together or split apart, whether we prefer posturing to action. Im sure that many consider this an imperfect framework that I just described. No country will get everything that it wants. There are those developing countries that want aid with no strings attached, and no obligations with respect to transparency. They think that the most advanced nations should pay a higher price; I understand that. There are those advanced nations who think that developing countries either cannot absorb this assistance, or that will not be held accountable effectively, and that the worlds fastest-growing emitters should bear a greater share of the burden.在這次全會(huì)上，我只想說(shuō)，我們的時(shí)間所剩無(wú)幾。在這個(gè)關(guān)頭，問(wèn)題在于我們是共同奮進(jìn)，還是分道揚(yáng)鑣；我們是故作姿態(tài)，還是身體力行。我相信，許多人認(rèn)為我剛才講述的框架并不完美。任何國(guó)家都不可能得到自己希望的一切。有些發(fā)展中國(guó)家想得到援助，又不想滿(mǎn)足任何條件，不想承擔(dān)保持透明的義務(wù)。他們認(rèn)為最發(fā)達(dá)的國(guó)家應(yīng)該付出更高的代價(jià)；我理解這一點(diǎn)。有些發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家則認(rèn)為發(fā)展中國(guó)家或者沒(méi)有能力利用這些援助，或者無(wú)法有效地承擔(dān)責(zé)任，因此世界上增長(zhǎng)最快的排放國(guó)應(yīng)該承擔(dān)更大的責(zé)任。We know the fault lines because weve been imprisoned by them for years. These international discussions have essentially taken place now for almost two decades, and we have very little to show for it other than an increased acceleration of the climate change phenomenon. The time for talk is over. This is the bottom line: We can embrace this accord, take a substantial step forward, continue to refine it and build upon its foundation. We can do that, and everyone who is in this room will be part of a historic endeavor one that makes life better for our children and our grandchildren.我們知道存在這些分歧，因?yàn)槲覀円呀?jīng)多年受這些分歧的制約。這樣的國(guó)際討論到現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)進(jìn)行了幾乎20年，除了氣候變化現(xiàn)象的加速，我們沒(méi)有取得什么結(jié)果?？照勗摻Y(jié)束了。我們的底線(xiàn)是：我們接受這個(gè)協(xié)議，向前邁出實(shí)質(zhì)性的一步，繼續(xù)使之完善，在這個(gè)基礎(chǔ)上再接再勵(lì)。我們能夠這樣做。在座的每一位都能親身參與這項(xiàng)前所未有的事業(yè)為了改善我們子孫萬(wàn)代的生活。Or we can choose delay, falling back into the same divisions that have stood in the way of action for years. And we will be back having the same stale arguments month after month, year after year, perhaps decade after decade, all while the danger of climate change