九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)Unit 4 學(xué)案.doc

Unit 4Whatwould you do?（一）（學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)）Language Goals1. Talk about imaginary situations. （談?wù)撘恍┘僭O(shè)的、虛擬的情況。）2. Hypothetical Conditionals. （初步學(xué)習(xí)虛擬語(yǔ)氣）3. Give some advice with the target language. （使用虛擬句提出建議）（二）語(yǔ)言結(jié)構(gòu)（Language Structures）1. 虛擬語(yǔ)氣（掌握與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反或與將來事實(shí)相反的虛擬條件句）（三）目標(biāo)語(yǔ)言（Target Language）1. If I were you , Id wear a shirt and tie.如果我是你，我就會(huì)穿襯衫打領(lǐng)帶。2. If I were you , Id take an umbrella.如果我是你，我就帶把傘。3. What would you do if you won a million dollars ?如果你賺了一百萬(wàn)美元，你會(huì)做什么？4. What if I dont know anyone ?如果我一個(gè)人也不認(rèn)識(shí)怎么辦？5. You should eat lots of fruits and vegetable and drink lots of water.你應(yīng)該吃大量水果、蔬菜，大量喝水。6. What are you like ? I think Im outgoing.你的性格如何？我想我很外向。（四）Key phrases （重點(diǎn)詞組）1. won the lottery 贏得抽獎(jiǎng)2. in public 公共的、公眾的3. in the slightest 一點(diǎn)也；根本4. plenty of 很多的、足夠的5. get along with 與相處6. let down 使失望、沮喪7. come up with 提出、想出（問題）8. medical research 醫(yī)學(xué)研究9. what if 如果怎么辦10. be late for遲到11. be nervous 緊張的12. get nervous （變得）緊張的13. take a long walk 散步14. ask ones permission 征求某人的許可15. without permission 沒得到許可16. introduce oneself 自我介紹17. rather than 而不是18. a circle of good friends 朋友圈子（五）語(yǔ)法重點(diǎn)（Grammar Focus）虛擬語(yǔ)氣1. 語(yǔ)氣就是我們常說的說話人說話的口氣。在漢語(yǔ)中，語(yǔ)氣是由說話人說話的語(yǔ)調(diào)、情節(jié)等等表現(xiàn)出來的，動(dòng)詞沒有任何變化。而在英語(yǔ)中，除了語(yǔ)調(diào)之外，最主要的是動(dòng)詞發(fā)生變化而表示不同的語(yǔ)氣。在英語(yǔ)中語(yǔ)氣分為三類：陳述語(yǔ)氣、祈使語(yǔ)氣、虛擬語(yǔ)氣。2. 虛擬語(yǔ)氣：如果我們所說的不是事實(shí)，也不是要求、命令、勸告等，而只是一種假設(shè)、愿望、建議或是一種實(shí)現(xiàn)不了的空想就用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。3. 虛擬語(yǔ)氣常用在條件句中，及其他一些從句中。注意：條件句分兩種，真實(shí)條件句和虛擬條件句。只有在虛擬（非真實(shí)）條件句中，才用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，而在真實(shí)條件句中，要用陳述語(yǔ)氣。請(qǐng)比較：（1）If it is sunny tomorrow , well go to the zoo.如果明天天氣好，我們將會(huì)去公園。在這句話中，明天天氣好是完全有可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的，并非虛擬、幻想，因此是真實(shí)條件句。在本句中，適用“主將從現(xiàn)?！保?）If I were you , I would go at once.（如果我是你的話，我立刻就走。）在這句話中，條件句，“如果我是你”，但事實(shí)上，我不可能成為你，這只是假設(shè)的情況，沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能。當(dāng)條件實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能性很小，甚至可以說沒有時(shí)，就需要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣來表示，動(dòng)詞發(fā)生了變化。4. 在虛擬語(yǔ)氣中，句子動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)比真實(shí)條件句中的時(shí)態(tài)后退一步即：現(xiàn)在時(shí)過去時(shí)（該用現(xiàn)在時(shí)時(shí)，用過去時(shí)）過去時(shí)過去完成時(shí)（該用過去時(shí)時(shí)，用過去完成時(shí)）將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí)（該用將來時(shí)時(shí)，用過去將來時(shí)）過去將來時(shí)過去將來完成時(shí)（該用過去將來時(shí)時(shí)，用過去將來完成時(shí)）在這一單元中，我們只要求初步接觸虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法及結(jié)構(gòu)，學(xué)習(xí)表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的情況下如何體現(xiàn)虛擬語(yǔ)氣。5. “表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的情況”的虛擬語(yǔ)氣請(qǐng)看例句：If I were you , I would take a small present.如果我是你的話，我就帶上一個(gè)小禮物。（注：在這個(gè)句子中，即“If I were you 中，一定用were ，而不能用was”）（這句話中，是與現(xiàn)在的事實(shí)相反，“現(xiàn)在如果我是你的話?！笔聦?shí)上，我不可能成為你，也就根本沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能）請(qǐng)大家注意主句與條件從句中動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的變化。形式：從句（用過去時(shí)）主句（用過去將來時(shí)）If 主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)注：虛擬語(yǔ)氣中的were 除了在If I were you 的結(jié)構(gòu)中不能改動(dòng)外，其它情況下有時(shí)可用was。又如：If I won a million dollars , Id give it to charities.如果我贏了一百萬(wàn)英鎊，我要捐給慈善機(jī)構(gòu)。（在此句中，If條件句中，動(dòng)詞用過去式won，主句則用should / would 加動(dòng)詞原形?，F(xiàn)實(shí)情況是我沒贏一百萬(wàn)英鎊；虛擬的情況是假如我贏了一百萬(wàn)，這種虛擬是不可能變成現(xiàn)實(shí)的，因此用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。）6. 虛擬語(yǔ)氣的疑問式，除了動(dòng)詞相應(yīng)的變化外，其他變化與陳述語(yǔ)氣相同如：（1）What would you do if you were in the lions cage ?如果你在獅子籠里，你會(huì)怎么做？（疑問詞在句首，主句中助動(dòng)詞提前，從句跟在主句后面。）If I were in the lions cage , Id call for help.如果我在獅子籠里，我會(huì)大呼救命。If I were in the lions cage . Id get out fast.如果我在獅子籠里，我會(huì)迅速出來。（2）What would you do if you won the lottery ?如果你贏了抽獎(jiǎng)，你會(huì)做什么？Id give it to medical research.我會(huì)用于醫(yī)學(xué)研究。Or Id put it in the bank.我會(huì)存到銀行。Or If I were a millionaire , I would buy a big house in the country.如果我是百萬(wàn)富翁，我就在鄉(xiāng)村買座大房子。關(guān)于虛擬語(yǔ)氣，我們要學(xué)習(xí)的東西還有許多，同學(xué)們會(huì)在今后的學(xué)習(xí)當(dāng)中，慢慢接觸到。（六）Key points （疑難解析）1.bring的意思是把某人或某物“帶來”，“拿來”，強(qiáng)調(diào)方向，即從別處拿到說話人這兒來。e.g. Next time you come , bring me that book , please.下次你來的時(shí)候，把我的書帶來。take的意思是把人或物“帶走，拿走”，即從說話人這兒帶到別處去。e.g. Who has taken away todays newspaper ?誰(shuí)拿走了今天的報(bào)紙？另外，相似的詞還有g(shù)et 和fetch ，表示到某地找到某人或某物并帶回來，強(qiáng)調(diào)一去一回。e.g. Go and get some water. 去弄點(diǎn)水來。Can you fetch me some paper ?你能給我取點(diǎn)紙嗎？2. He might not know anyone at the party.他可能在晚會(huì)上誰(shuí)也不認(rèn)識(shí)。might 的用法如下：（1）是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞may的過去式eg. He said that I might borrow his bike.他說我可以借他的自行車。（2）是may的虛擬語(yǔ)氣形式，不表示過去，而表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)怼翱梢?，可能”，但語(yǔ)氣更委婉、客氣，有時(shí)表示對(duì)可能性有所懷疑。e.g. a. Might I borrow your bike ?我可能借你的自行車嗎？（語(yǔ)氣比may更委婉）b. He might come today .今天他可能會(huì)來。（對(duì)“他來”的可能性有所懷疑）3. What if “如果怎么辦”、“即使又有什么關(guān)系？”這是一個(gè)固定搭配，引導(dǎo)帶條件從句的疑問句。eg. What if they dont come ?他們不來怎么辦呢？What if I dont know anyone ?如果我一個(gè)人也不認(rèn)識(shí)，怎么辦呢？4. I get nervous before big parties.在大的晚會(huì)之前，我會(huì)感到緊張。get nervous 變得緊張，get是系動(dòng)詞，nervous 是形容詞做表語(yǔ)。又如：be nervous 或feel nervous 均可表達(dá)同樣的含義。5. in public 公共的、公開的eg. Lily is very shy , and she is afraid to speak in public.莉莉很害羞，她害怕在公眾場(chǎng)合講話。6. ask ones permission 征求某人的同意。without permission 沒有得到許可。7. introduce vt. 介紹introduce sb to sb. 把（某人）介紹給（某人）eg. Its my honor to introduce my teacher to everyone.很榮幸，我把我的老師介紹給大家。introduce oneself 自我介紹8. Sometimes you might annoy people because youre so confident.有時(shí)候，你可能會(huì)激怒別人，因?yàn)槟闾孕帕恕?. You would also rather stay at home and read a good book than go to a party.你可能寧愿呆在家里讀書，也不愿去參加晚會(huì)。rather than 寧愿也不（注：than與形容詞比較級(jí)無(wú)關(guān)）rather , than 既可分開用，也可合在一起用，譯成“而不是”如：（1）rather die than surrender 寧死不屈（2）I , rather than you , should do the work .該做這個(gè)工作的是我，而不是你。10. in the slightest 根本，一點(diǎn)也eg. Social situations dont bother you in the slightest.社會(huì)環(huán)境根本影響（干擾）不了你。11. plenty of 充足的、大量的12. enjoy the company of other people. 享受他人的陪伴13. a circle of good friends. 朋友圈子14. let sb down 使（某人）失望、沮喪15. come up with 提出問題【模擬試題】一. 寫出下列詞組1. 一點(diǎn)也、根本不_2. 與相處_3. 使失望、沮喪_4. 如果怎么辦_5. 贏得抽獎(jiǎng)_6. 變得緊張_7. 征求某人的許可_8. 寧可也不_9. 遲到_10. 公共的、公眾的_二. 補(bǔ)充完整下面虛擬語(yǔ)氣的句子，（注意區(qū)分主句與從句的位置變化）1. Id be a millionaire if _2. If I had more free time. _3. If I were you . _4. She would buy that if _5. If my house were on fire. _6. Id travel around the world if _7. If I could change one thing about my life. _8. I wouldnt do that if _9. If I could make three wishes. _10. I would be a better student if _三. 根據(jù)不同情境，首先判斷這個(gè)情景是真實(shí)可能發(fā)生的，還是虛擬的，然后填空。Situation AEXAMPLE : Gao is a doctor , but if hewere（be）a truck driver, hewould have（have）very different skills.（Gao不可能是個(gè)卡車司機(jī)，因此這個(gè)情境是虛擬的）2. Gaos wife is a doctor , too , but she is planning to change her career . If she_ （change）her career , she _ （study）to become a lawyer.Situation B3. Antonieta is Brazilian , but she has lived in the United States and New Zealand , so shespeaks excellent English . If she _ （stay）in Brazil , her English _ （not）（be）so good.4. However , Antonieta _ （speak）French too if she _ （move）to France nextyear.Situation C5. Marys car is old . If it _（break down）, she _ （buy）a new one.6. Because Mary has a car , she has driven to school every day this term . But if she_ （not）（have）a car , she _ （take）the bus.Situation D7. Marcia has applied to graduate school . She _ （start）school next fall if she_（get）accepted.8. When Marcia was twenty-one , she quit school for several years to get married and raise afamily . If she _ （continue）her studies instead of raising a family , she _（begin）graduate school a long time ago.四. 假設(shè)你現(xiàn)在在一個(gè)孤島上，除了圖中所示的物品，你一無(wú)所有，你該怎么辦？完成下題。Imagine you are on a desert island . You have nothing with you except these objects . Whatwould you do with them ?If we were on a desert island , we would use thisto_ . We would _ with thisIf we had this with us on the island , we would use it to_ . With this , we _ . And finally , w