外研社小學(xué)英語(一年級起點(diǎn))四年級下知識點(diǎn)整理

1、英語（四年級下）主要知識點(diǎn)整理（例句都是課本中原句）1. 祈使句：表示請求、命令、建議等的句子。祈使句不需要主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用原形，句子末尾一般用感嘆號。eg: (1) Dont walk on the grass! （否定祈使句）(2) Lets make a newspaper! （肯定祈使句）2. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài) (常與always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never, every day/week/year, on Sundays .連用)(1) be動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：（比較簡單） I am, We/You/They ar

2、e, He/She/It is，There is+單數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞, There are + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞eg: Its not beautiful, but its helpful.(2) 行為動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：（單數(shù)第三人稱的變化是重點(diǎn)、易錯(cuò)點(diǎn); 助動(dòng)詞用do, dont, does, doesnt）eg: (1)This machine cuts the potatoes.(2) Does he live in New York?(3) Fish live in the river and birds live in the tree. (*注意fish單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)寫法一樣，這里fish前

3、面沒有a, 所以是復(fù)數(shù)形式，后面接謂語動(dòng)詞要用原形。另外，Sheep和deer單復(fù)數(shù)也是一樣的形式)3. 一般過去時(shí)：表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)（常與.ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week/year/month, once upon a time, one day, the next day, in 2016.連用）(1) be動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)：I/He/She/It was, We/You/They were, There was+單數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞, There were + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞eg：Once upon a time,

4、 there was a boy. (講故事常用說法)(2) 行為動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)：(助動(dòng)詞用did, didnt)一般動(dòng)詞變化：構(gòu)成法：1. 動(dòng)詞原形+ed. 如：look-looked2. 以e結(jié)尾的詞+d. 如：live-lived3. 以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的詞，改y為i, 再加ed. 如：study-studied, cry-cried.4. 以重讀閉音節(jié)或r音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的詞，雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母，再加ed. 如: clap-clapped, stop-stopped, prefer-preferred 不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞變化：如had, said, put, saw, got,

5、ran, learnt(英式寫法), bought, came, took, went等eg1: The animals had a concert last week.eg2: The next day, the boy ran to the village again.eg3: What did he play yesterday?eg4: When did you get up last Sunday? I got up at 8 oclock.4. 一般將來時(shí)：表示還沒有發(fā)生但將要發(fā)生的事情或動(dòng)作(常與tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next yea

6、r/month/week, soon, in the future, in . minutes/hours/days.連用 )(1) Be going to+ 動(dòng)詞原形：多表示即將發(fā)生，最近打算、計(jì)劃、安排好要做的事情，主觀性較強(qiáng) (區(qū)分人稱，be動(dòng)詞變化am, is, are)eg: Shes going to visit Australia.(2) Will+動(dòng)詞原形：多表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，不受主觀因素影響的單純的將來，客觀性較強(qiáng) (不區(qū)分人稱，都用will)(*目前小學(xué)階段對這兩種形式區(qū)分并不明顯，可以互換使用)eg: We will go to the zoo on Sunday

7、.5. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：表示正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作 (常與now, at present, at this moment連用)Be動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞(*區(qū)分人稱，注意動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成的特殊情況）動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成法：(1)一般規(guī)則：動(dòng)詞+ing, 如: work-working.(2) 以e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞去掉e加ing. 如: live-living, have-having.(3) 以重讀閉音節(jié)或r音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的詞，雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母，再加ing. 如: swim-swimming, clap-clapping, refer-referring.(4) 以ie結(jié)尾的重讀開音節(jié)的詞，

8、改ie為y, 再加ing. 如: die-dying.eg: (1) Whats happening now?(2) Daming is making a card for his father.(3) We are having a party.6. 購物相關(guān)話題：（1） I want to buy a pen.（2） Its expensive/cheap.（3） It costs one hundred and eighteen yuan.（4） Who wants to buy it?7. 音樂演奏相關(guān)話題：(*演奏樂器前要加定冠詞the )(1) I played the piano

9、 yesterday.(2) Youre playing the violin for your father.(3) My mum and dad played in the concert.(4) In the end, everyone clapped.(*注意玩球類運(yùn)動(dòng)不能加定冠詞the, eg:I played football yesterday. ) 8. 時(shí)間相關(guān)話題：(1) Whats the time now?(2) What time is it now?(3) Its 2 oclock.(4) Is it breakfast/lunch/dinner time now?(5) The Chinese cartoon Shaolin Kids is on TV at 8 oclock.9. 方向相關(guān)話題：(1) Where is the library?(2) Its in the north/south/west/east of China.(3) I went