復(fù)合句復(fù)習(xí)課件

1、復(fù)合句復(fù)習(xí),Mainly Revision of Junior English,Junior Three,Complex Sentences,復(fù)合句復(fù)習(xí),The Complex Sentences in Junior English:,初中英語教材中涉及到的復(fù)合句主要有：The Object Clause (賓語從句)、The Adverbial Clause (狀語從句) 和 The Attributive Clause (定語從句)。其它諸如主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句等形式的復(fù)合句盡管在教材中也有出現(xiàn)，但在中考中沒有被列為重點(diǎn)考查范圍。,復(fù)合句復(fù)習(xí),Choose the right a

2、nswers(搶答題),( ) 1. The visitor wants to know_ from Dongguan to Guangzhou. A. how far it is B. how far is it C. how long it is D. how long is it,( ) 2. Could you tell me_? A . who you are waiting for B. who were you waiting for C. where you live in,( ) 3. Do you still remember_? A. that he said B. wh

3、at he said C. what did he say,A,A,B,( ) 4. He asked me _ during the summer holiday. A. where had I gone B. where I had gone C. where I had been,C,復(fù)合句復(fù)習(xí),. The Object Clause (賓語從句) 賓語從句是英語復(fù)合句中用來充當(dāng)賓語的句子。,賓語從句一般由“引導(dǎo)詞+主語+謂語+其它”構(gòu)成，其語序是陳述句語序. She said ( that she was from TCL.) 主句 引導(dǎo)詞 主語 謂語,復(fù)合句復(fù)習(xí),1. that+陳述

4、句的賓語從句 主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是say, think, tell, know, hear, see, feel, mean, hope, wish, remember, forget等時(shí)，或主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是由形容詞afraid, glad, sure, sorry等作表語的系表結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，后面常接that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。 例如: He says that_. (他想要和你通話) Im sorry (that)_ 他現(xiàn)在不在這里 that本身無意義,不充當(dāng)任何成分,常被省略,he wants to speak to you.,he isnt here right now.,復(fù)合句復(fù)習(xí),Note: 1.

5、賓語從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移： 主句是I/We think/suppose/guess/believe等時(shí)，從句中的否定習(xí)慣上要轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中。,如：我認(rèn)為雞不會(huì)游泳。 I think chickens can not swim. ( ) I dont think chickens can swim. ( ),此外，上述情況在變成反意疑問句時(shí)，附加疑問句要看從句，如果主句的主語不是第一人稱，則附加疑問句要看主句。 試比較： I think he is wrong,_? He thinks he is right,_ ?,isnt he,doesnt he,復(fù)合句復(fù)習(xí),Back,2.if/whether +

6、 一般疑問句的賓語從句,if/whether都可作賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞，意為“是否”，在一般情況下可以互換。 if 多用于口語和非正式文體中; whether則多用于比較正式的文體中。 如： She asked me if/whether_. 我是否能幫助她 I dont know if/whether_ 是否將要下雨,用陳述句語序,I could help her,it is going to rain.,復(fù)合句復(fù)習(xí),Back,Note: 只用whether的四種情況：,2. 直接與or not連用時(shí) I dont know whether or not they will come .,1.

7、在介詞后 I m thinking of whether we should go fishing.,3. Whether + 動(dòng)詞不定式 Check the prices before you decide whether to buy one,4. 賓語從句提前時(shí)只能用whether Whether this is true or not, I cant say.,復(fù)合句復(fù)習(xí),Back,3. 連接代詞who, whom, whose, what, which和 連接副詞when, where how, why + 特殊疑問句 的賓語從句,例如: Do you know_? 誰下午將要來 D

8、id you hear_? 她說過什么嗎 We didnt know _ 她將什么時(shí)候回來,Who will come this afternoon,what he said,when she would come back.,連接代詞/連接副詞在賓語從句中充當(dāng)一定的子成份,不能省略,(主語),(賓語),(狀語),復(fù)合句復(fù)習(xí),二、考點(diǎn)： 1.賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞 * 2. 從句中的語序?yàn)殛愂稣Z序； *3. 從句中的時(shí)態(tài)與主句時(shí)態(tài)前后呼應(yīng),如: ( )Id like to know_or not.(2003年中考) A. whether will he come B.whether has he c

9、ome C.whether he will come D.that he will come,C,復(fù)合句復(fù)習(xí),關(guān)于賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)對(duì)應(yīng),*特別要注意的是當(dāng)賓語從句表示的是客觀真理、科學(xué)原理、自然現(xiàn)象、名言時(shí)，則用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，不受主句時(shí)態(tài)的限制,He says that he _to see him as soon as possible.(want) He said that he _to see him as soon as possible.(want) The teacher told us that the earth _round the sun.(go),wants,wanted,g

10、oes,主句 從句 1、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) A.過去的某一種時(shí)態(tài) 2、一般過去時(shí) B.根據(jù)句意選擇時(shí)態(tài),復(fù)合句復(fù)習(xí),1995-2005年中考關(guān)于賓語從句的考題,1.Can you tell me why _yesterday?(95年) A. he didnt come B.did he not come C. didnt he come 2.He asked_.(96年) A. why she came B. why did she came C. why she comes 3.I want to know _.(97年) A. what time does the train arrive B.

11、 what time will the train arrive C. what time the train will arrive,A,A,C,復(fù)合句復(fù)習(xí),4. Do you still remember_? (99年) A. what did he say B. that he said C. what he said 5. Excuse me . Could you tell me_? (2001年) A. where is the zoo B. Where the zoo is C. where the zoo 6. We couldnt find out _, so we gave

12、 it to the teacher. (2002年) A. whose pen was it B. whose pen it was C. it was whose pen 7. -Excuse me. Do you know_? -Im sorry. Im new here. (2005年) A. Where is the nearest bus station B. where the nearest bus station is C. Where the nearest bus station was,C,B,B,B,復(fù)合句復(fù)習(xí),賓語從句小結(jié) 1、_ 引導(dǎo)陳述句。 2、_引導(dǎo)特殊疑問句

13、。 3、_引導(dǎo)一般疑問句。 4、賓語從句要用_語序。 5、主句、從句時(shí)態(tài)要對(duì)應(yīng)。,that,特殊疑問詞,if/whether,陳述句,復(fù)合句復(fù)習(xí),. The Adverbial Clause (狀語從句) 狀語從句是副詞性從句，其句法功能是修飾謂語或整個(gè)句子等，在句中作狀語，通常由從屬連詞引導(dǎo)。,When you get off the bus, you mustnt push others. (時(shí)間狀語從句) 主句 My mother will come if it doesnt rain tomorrow. 主句 ( 條件狀語從句),復(fù)合句復(fù)習(xí),1.由when, while , befor

14、e, after, until, as soon as not .until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句),1)_, you mustnt push others. 當(dāng)你下車時(shí),2) They had already had breakfast _在他們上學(xué)之前,When you get off the bus,before they went to school,They talked about the party _ 在人們離開后,after the people left.,4) I will wait _. 直到他來為止,until he comes,復(fù)合句復(fù)習(xí),e.g. She wont g

15、o to bed until she finishes her homework.,復(fù)合句復(fù)習(xí),5) Introduced by as soon as (表示主句發(fā)生的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句動(dòng)作之后， 意為“一就”。) e.g. My brother went out as soon as I got home.,復(fù)合句復(fù)習(xí),Note: 在時(shí)間狀語從句中，主句和從句之間的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)按下列 規(guī)律確定。 1) 主句一般將來時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)： e.g. The boy will be a writer when he grows up. 2) 主句含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)： e.g. When the

16、 lights are red, the traffic must stop. 3) 主句為祈使句時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)： e.g. Please dont go to bed before you finish your homework. 4) 主句為一般過去時(shí)，從句也用過去時(shí)態(tài)： e.g. I liked reading when I was young.,復(fù)合句復(fù)習(xí),B) The Adverbial Clause of Place (地點(diǎn)狀語從句),1) Introduced by where e.g. Put the medicine where you can easily get

17、it. 2) Introduced by wherever e.g. Ill go wherever you go.,復(fù)合句復(fù)習(xí),C) The Adverbial Clause of Manner(方式狀語從句),1) Introduced by as e.g. Ill do all the things as you told me. 2) Introduced by as if/though(可用陳述語氣表示符合事實(shí)的情況，也可用虛擬語氣表示與事實(shí)相反的情況) e.g. It looks as if its going to rain. He looks as if he were you

18、ng. 3) Introduced by the way e.g. I dont like the way he talks.,復(fù)合句復(fù)習(xí),D) The Adverbial Clause of Reason (原因狀語從句),1) Introduced by because because語氣最強(qiáng)，它著重說明原因。用why提問的問句必須用because回答，不能用as, since； e.g.-Why didnt he come? -Because he was ill.,2) Introduced by since since語氣比較弱，表示關(guān)系上的自然結(jié)果，尤其用于對(duì)已經(jīng)清楚了的因素，常譯

19、成“既然”，“鑒于”，通常從句放在主句前； e.g. Since a lot of people make mistakes in life, Mr Smith wanted to give John a chance.,復(fù)合句復(fù)習(xí),3) Introduced by as as語氣最弱，只表示一般的因果關(guān)系，從句放在主句前或后均可； e.g. As he didnt know the meaning of the word, he looked it up in his dictionary.,Note: for是并列連詞，引導(dǎo)的句子不置于句首，是一種非直接的、隨便附加說明的理由或推斷。 e.

20、g. The oil must be out, for the light went out.,復(fù)合句復(fù)習(xí),E) The Adverbial Clause of Condition (條件狀語從句),1) 條件狀語從句通常由if或unless(=if not)引導(dǎo)，從句中常用一般時(shí)代替將來時(shí)，即if或unless后的句子謂語用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過去時(shí)。但是，主句則通常用將來時(shí)，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或祈使句。 e.g. If he doesnt come on time, we wont know what to know. He must come if he is told. Please let me

21、know if he comes back. Ill go there unless it rains.,復(fù)合句復(fù)習(xí),2) If 條件句的替代形式： （1）祈使句 + and/or + 陳述句（謂語動(dòng)詞通常用將來時(shí)態(tài)）。其中，and表示句意順承；or表示轉(zhuǎn)折，意為“否則”。 e.g. If you work hard, youll pass the exam easily. = Work hard, and youll pass the exam easily. If you dont work hard, youll fall behind others. = Work hard, or y

22、oull fall behind others. （2）用介詞with, without的替代形式： e.g. If there is no water, the fish may die. = Fish may die without water. If you help me, Ill finish my task on time. = With your help, Ill finish my task on time.,復(fù)合句復(fù)習(xí),F) The Adverbial Clause of Concession (讓步狀語從句),1) Introduced by though/althoug

23、h e.g. Though he tried many times, he failed to work it out. 2) Introduced by wh-ever e.g. Whatever he says(=No matter what he says), dont believe him. 3) Introduced by even if/even though e.g. Even if he is poor, she loves her husband. (He may be poor, yet she loves him.) 即使他窮了，她也仍然愛他。 Even though

24、he is poor, she still loves her husband. (He is poor, yet she loves him.) 盡管他窮，但她仍然愛他。,復(fù)合句復(fù)習(xí),G) The Adverbial Clause of Result (結(jié)果狀語從句),1) Introduced by so that e.g. There are big trees around the house so that it can hardly be seen by passers-by. 2) Introduced by sothat/suchthat e.g. He walked so f

25、ast that I couldnt keep up with him. He made such a good report that everybody was pleased.,復(fù)合句復(fù)習(xí),H) The Adverbial Clause of Purpose(目的狀語從句),1) Introduced by so that e.g. He got up much earlier than usual so that he could catch the first bus. 2) Introduced by so that e.g. He explained it so clearly

26、that he wanted everyone of us to understand him better.,復(fù)合句復(fù)習(xí),I) The Adverbial Clause of Comparison (比較狀語從句),1) Introduced by asas/not soas; than e.g. This question is not so difficult as I thought. The film is much better than we expected. 2) Introduced by The more, the more e.g. The more he heard

27、the song, the less he liked it.,復(fù)合句復(fù)習(xí),狀語從句中考題練兵：,一、單項(xiàng)選擇 ( ) 1. Somebody rang me up just now, but he hung up I could answer the phone. (無錫) A. when B. until C. before D. since ( ) 2. Mr Smith usually reads a newspaper hes waiting for the bus. (徐 州) A. if B. the C. because D. while ( ) 3. You must lea

28、ve here now your mother can get some more rest. (常州) A. because B. though C. so that D. so ( ) 4. The meeting is important that you mustnt miss it. (鹽城) A. very B. such C. so D. too,C,D,C,C,復(fù)合句復(fù)習(xí),( ) 5. Im going to the supermarket. - you are there, would you please buy me some vegetables? (鎮(zhèn)江) A. If

29、 B. Because C. While D. After ( ) 6. Do you know what he did all day? (鎮(zhèn)江) -He spent as much time playing as he . A. studying B. was studying C. studied D. did studying ( ) 7. If Mg in O2, we MgO, and it combination reaction (化學(xué)變化). (泰州) A. will burn, get, calls B. burns, will get, called C. will bu

30、rn, can get, is calling D. burns, will get, is called ( ) 8. he talked with her for a long time, he failed to convince(說服) her. (黃岡) A. Though B. But C. Since D. As,C,D,D,A,復(fù)合句復(fù)習(xí),二、同義句改寫 1.Wherever he is, he can make himself at home. (廣州) he is, he can make himself at home. 2.Miss Smith left here af

31、ter the rain stopped. (淮安) Miss Smith leave here the rain stopped. 3.If you work hard, you will pass the exam. (鹽城) , and you will pass the exam. 4.Tom was too happy to get to sleep. (大連) Tom was happy he couldnt . 5.Get off the bus when the driver tells you. （寧夏） Dont get off the bus you _ _ _.,No,

32、matter,where,didnt,until,Work,hard,so,that,fall,asleep,until,are,told,to,復(fù)合句復(fù)習(xí),三、根據(jù)漢語提示,完成句子. 1. 你看的歷史書籍越多，你了解的知識(shí)就越多。 （無錫） , the more knowledge youll get. 2. 他是一個(gè)好人，與每個(gè)人都相處的很好。（常州） He is such a kind man . 3. 山姆一拿到新書就迫不及待地看了起來。（連云港） Sam couldnt wait to read the new book . 4. 盡管學(xué)電腦花費(fèi)許多時(shí)間，但我認(rèn)為學(xué)好它還是有用的。

33、（南京） , I think it useful to learn computer well. 5.看起來要下雨了。（甘肅） It looks .,The more history books you read,that he gets on well with everyone,as soon as he got it,Though it takes much time,as if its going to rain,復(fù)合句復(fù)習(xí),. The Attributive Clause (定語從句),在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句。被定語從句修飾的名詞或代詞叫做先行詞。定語從句必須放在

34、先行詞之后，對(duì)其先行詞起限定作用。 This is Tom. Tom gave us a talk yesterday. -This is Tom who (that) gave us a talk yesterday. 先行詞 定語從句 引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞有：who, whom, whose, that, which 引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系副詞有：where, when, why,復(fù)合句復(fù)習(xí),一 、who, whom, whose引導(dǎo)的定語從句,1. who 在從句中作主語，不可省略，它所引導(dǎo)的定語從句所修飾的先行詞必須是人。 e.g. This is the doctor who came

35、 her yesterday.,2. whom在從句中作賓語，它所引導(dǎo)的定語從句所修飾的先行詞必須是人，可以省略。 e.g. The man (whom) you saw last week has left the town.,復(fù)合句復(fù)習(xí),注意：在從句中作介詞賓語時(shí)，介詞一般可放在whom之前，也可放在原來的位置上。在含有介詞的固定動(dòng)詞詞組中介詞只能放在原來的位置上。e.g. a)The man from whom I borrowed the book is Li Lei. = The man whom I borrowed the book from is Li Lei. (前句中的wh

36、om不可省略，后句中的whom可省略) b)The girl whom he is taking care of is ill. (take care of是固定詞組),復(fù)合句復(fù)習(xí),3. whose在從句中作定語，表示所屬關(guān)系，其所修飾的先行詞既可是人也可是物。 e.g. I know the woman whose husband is a doctor. He lives in the house whose window faces south.,復(fù)合句復(fù)習(xí),二、that, which引導(dǎo)的定語從句,這兩個(gè)代詞均指物，它們所引導(dǎo)的定語從句所修飾的先行詞是物,通常情況下，它們可以互換。 1

37、. that, which在從句中作主語，不可省略。 e.g. Hero is the film that/which was directed by Zhang Yimou. 2. that, which在從句中作賓語，可以省略。 e.g. Is this the film (that/which) you talked about last week? 注意：關(guān)系代詞在作介詞賓語時(shí)，只能用which且不能省略。 e.g. The house in which he once lived is a meeting-room. = The house (which) he once lived

38、 in is a meeting-room.,復(fù)合句復(fù)習(xí),知識(shí)拓展：,引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞that和which，在一般情況下，盡管 可以互換使用，但在下列情況下，只能用that，而不用which：,1. 先行詞是復(fù)合不定代詞everything, anything, nothing等時(shí)。 e.g. She didnt forget anything (that) her mother had told her to buy.,2. 先行詞被序數(shù)詞或the last修飾時(shí)。 e.g. This is the first textbook (that) I studied in the prim

39、ary school. He is in the last row that is next to the window.,3. 先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。 e.g. That is the highest building (that) I have ever seen.,復(fù)合句復(fù)習(xí),4. 先行詞被the only, the very, the same等修飾時(shí)。 e.g. This is the very novel (that) you want to borrow.,5. 先行詞是或被all, no, some, any, little, much等修飾時(shí)， e.g. Ive wri

40、tten down all (that )the teacher doesnt allow us to do. They havent got any dictionaries (that) we need.,6. 先行詞既包含人又包含物時(shí)。 e.g. He told us many interesting things and persons (that) we had never heard.,復(fù)合句復(fù)習(xí),7. 主句是以who, which引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句時(shí)。 e.g. Who is the man (that) you spoke to just now? Which is the bo

41、ok that was stolen by him?,8. 先行詞是主句的表語或關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作表語 時(shí)。 e.g. China is no longer the country (that) it used to be.,復(fù)合句復(fù)習(xí),三、關(guān)系副詞where, when, why引導(dǎo)的定語從句 （在從句中作狀語）,1. where表示地點(diǎn)，它引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾表地點(diǎn)的先行詞。 e.g. This is the village where he was born. c.f. This is the village (that/which) he visited last year.,2.

42、when表示時(shí)間，它引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾表時(shí)間的先行詞。 e.g. Ill never forget the day when I joined the League. c.f. Ill never forget the day (that/which) we spent together.,3. why表示原因，它引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾表原因的先行詞。 e.g. The reason why he didnt come yesterday is quite clear.,復(fù)合句復(fù)習(xí),定語從句專練：,( ) 1. The number of people lost homes reached as

43、many as 250,000. A. which B. who C. whom D. / ( ) 2. This is the most beautiful part I have visited. A. which; ever B. that; never C. which; yet D. that; ever ( ) 3. My necklace is not the only thing is missing. A. that B. which C. what D. / ( ) 4. Were talking about Tonny, you met yesterday. A. wit

44、h who B. whom C. which D. that ( ) 5. Is this the very museum some Japanese visitors visited last Wednesday? A. one B. where C. that D. which,B,D,A,B,C,復(fù)合句復(fù)習(xí),( ) 6. The book cover is red is Toms. A. which B. that C. / D. whose ( ) 7. The place I grew up is a beautiful town. A. which B. that C. where

45、 D. from which ( ) 8. I dont think the number of people this happens is very large. A. who B. to which C. that D. to whom ( ) 9. Do you still remember one evening a week ago I came to your room and borrowed a dictionary? A. before B. which C. when D. as ( )10. Is that the novel about they talked in

46、class yesterday? A. which B. that C. who D. /,D,C,D,C,A,復(fù)合句復(fù)習(xí),賓語從句中考題練兵：,一、單項(xiàng)選擇 ( ) 1. I dont think he will come here on time, ? (重慶) A. wont he B. will he C. does he D. is he ( ) 2. Will you please tell me ? (上海) A. where Pudong Airport is B. how far Pudong Airport was C. how can we get to Pudong A

47、irport D. when was Pudong Airport built ( ) 3. Its not polite to ask people in England. (常州) A. how much money you have got B. what the weather is like C. what your city looks like D. how old are you ( ) 4. I wonder if he tonight. If he , Ill let you know. (揚(yáng)州) A. will come; will come B. comes; comes C. will come; comes D. comes; will come,B,A,A,C,復(fù)合句復(fù)習(xí),( ) 5. I cant say I want to see him again. We havent seen each other for nearly three yea