優(yōu)品課件之Unit1Greatwomenandtheirachievements

1、優(yōu)品課件 Un it 1 Great wome n and their achieveme nts Unit 1 Great women and their achievements、語言要點 I 單 元要點預(yù)覽（旨在讓同學(xué)整體了解本單元要點）詞匯部分詞語辨 析 1. campaign / war / battle 2.worth / worthy / worthwhile 3. argue / debate 詞形 變化1. connect vt. 連接；聯(lián)系； 接通電話 vi. 連接，銜接 connection n.聯(lián)系，關(guān) 系； 連接 2. argue vt. war 2). campai

2、g n 2. worth / worthy / worthwhile【解釋】worth只能作表語，其后接錢數(shù)、名詞或及物 動詞的動名詞的主動一般形式：be worth doi ng worthy可作表語， 后接of+名詞/of+動名詞的被動形式/不定式的被動形式：be worthy of + n. / of being done / to be done 也作定語，“值得的”， “有價值的”：a worthy winner 名副其實的贏家 worthwhile 可作 表語和定語：a worthwhile job 值得做的工作it is worthwhile to do/doing【練習(xí)】根據(jù)句

3、子的意思在括號里填入適當?shù)脑~。1). The necklace was100 francs at most. 2). It sto discuss the question again. 3). You would find ityour while to come to the meeting. 4). Can t you find something doing at all? The book is( 很 值得讀)a second time. 5). This place of interest is worthy / (參觀).Keys: 1). worth 2). worthwhil

4、e 3). worth 4). worth; well worth readi ng 5). of a visit / of being visited / to be visited 3. argue / debate【解釋】 argue 指 某人堅持自己的主張，舉出事實和理由說服某人或反對其他方面的意 見。debate指辯論者長在自己的立場公開爭論一個問題?！揪毩?xí)】 根據(jù)句子的意思在括號里填入適當?shù)脑~。1). Wewith her how to go there. 2). Theythe case for hours. 3). Theythe questi on ope nly. 4).

5、Last week, our class had aover whether middle school students should carry cell phones at school. Keys: 1). argued; about 2). argued 3). debated 4). debate III 詞性變化(旨在提供語法填空所需材料)1. connect vt. 連接；聯(lián)系；接通電話 vi. 連接，銜接 connection n. 聯(lián)系，關(guān)系；連接2. argue vt. don t makea fool of yourself. 注意你的舉止，別鬧出笑話來。 2). Ho

6、w is your new car behaving?你的新車性能如何？重點用 法behave on eself 使某人自己舉止規(guī)矩 behaviour towards/to. 對的態(tài)度/行為練習(xí)根據(jù)句子的要求在括號里填入適當?shù)脑~ 或翻譯。1). It s hard to train children to (舉止得體)at the table. 2). She is always(舉 止得體)at school. 3). Their(behave)(介詞) me shows that they do not like me. Keys: 1). behave well 2). well be

7、haved 3). behaviour towards 2. achievement n.c 成就，功績 achieve vt. 取得，完成典例 1) . He received the Nobel Prize for his scientific achievements. 他因科學(xué)上取得的成就而獲得諾貝爾獎。2). Flyi ng across the Atla ntic for the first time was a great achieveme nt.首次飛 越大西洋是一個偉大的功績。重點用法achieve an aim / goal 達到目標achieve success獲得成功

8、練習(xí)根據(jù)句子的意思在括 號里填入適當?shù)脑~。1). Without the support of the people we can . 2). I have achieved only half ofI hope to do. 3). Congratulationsto you (介詞)such a complete victory. Keys: 1). achieve nothing 2). what 3). on; achiev ing 3. observe vt.觀察；觀測；遵守 observation n.u 觀察；觀測； 監(jiān)視典例1). The police observed the

9、 manentering/enterthe bank.警方監(jiān)視著那男子進入銀行的情況。2). The woman was observed to follow him closely.有人看到那女子緊跟著他。重 點用法observe sb. do sth.觀察某人做某事(已做完)observe sb. doing sth.觀察某人正在做某事 under observation 被監(jiān)視練習(xí) 用括號內(nèi)所提供詞的適當形式填空或翻譯。1). They were observed (en ter) the bank the n. 2). Keynes(觀 察至 U) huma ns fall into

10、two classes. Keys: 1). en teri ng 2). observed that 4. respect vt. for 3). for 5. argue vt. about; of 6. support vt. to 2). delivered/gave; in V重點詞組 (旨在 提供綜合運用所需材料)1. look down upon/on蔑視；瞧不起典 例1). Shelooks downon people whove never been to university. 她瞧不起沒上過大學(xué)的人。2). Youcan t look downupon a person

11、because he is poor.你不能因為某個人窮而瞧不起他。重點用法 look 短語：look on sb./ sth. as = consider sb./ sth. as把某 人看作look on 袖手旁觀look into sth.調(diào)查或觀察某事物look up查閱(單詞、資料)；向上看look (sb.) up and down上下打量(某 人)look out for sb/sth警惕或留心某人/物練習(xí)根據(jù)句子的 意思在括號里填入適當?shù)脑~或翻譯。1). He was (被人看不起)because of his humble background. 2). He is( 被認為

12、是)the leading authority on the subject. 3). If you want to know how a word is used, it in a dicti on ary.Keys: 1). looked dow n on 2). looked on as 3). look; up 2. refer to談到；查閱；參考；查詢；提及；指而言典例1). We agreed n ever to refer to the matter aga in.我們同意不再談 這件事了。 2). She thought I was referring to her daug

13、hter when we were talking.當我們談話時她以為我指的是她的女兒。重點 用法refer to sb./sth. as 把某人 / 物稱作 refer sth./sb. to 把 某事提交；讓某人向求助練習(xí)根據(jù)句子的要求在括號里填入 適當?shù)脑~或翻譯。 1). Althoughshe didn t mention any names, every one knew who she was( 指).2). He gave the speech( 沒有參閱)his notes. 3). He likes to( 被稱為)“ Doctor Khee . 4). My doctor

14、referred me( 介詞)a hospital specialist. Keys: 1). referring to 2). without referringto 3). be referred to as 4). to 3. come across = run across = meet by chanee (偶然)遇見；碰見典例1). I cameacross an old school friend in Oxford Street this morni ng.今天早上我在牛津大街碰 見一位老校友。 2). She came across some old photographs

15、 in a drawer.她在抽屜里偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)一些舊照片。短語歸納come短語： comeabout = happen 發(fā)生 come from 來自 come out 出現(xiàn)； 開花； 出版或發(fā)表；透露；顯出come up升起；發(fā)生；出現(xiàn)come up with sth找到或提出(答案？ p辦法等)練習(xí)用come短語的適當形 式填空。1). Isome new words while readi ng. 2). His new book willnext mon th. 3). She a new idea for in creas ing sales. 4). Can you tell me

16、how the accide nt? 5). How did itthat he knew where we were? Keys: 1). came across 2). come out 3). came up with 4). came about 5). came about 4. carry on 繼續(xù)；堅持典例1). Carry on (working/withyour work) while rm away. 我不在的時候，要繼續(xù)做工作。2). They decided to carry on in spite of the weather.他們決定不管天 氣好壞都堅持。短語歸納

17、carry短語：carry on (doing sth/with sth.)繼續(xù)(做)某事carry out 貫徹，執(zhí)行carry out a plan/orders/instructions執(zhí)行計戈U / 命令/ 扌旨示 carry sth through 成功地完成某事物carry about隨身攜帶carry away運走，使失去 自制力練習(xí)根據(jù)句子的要求在括號里填入適當?shù)脑~或carry短 語。1). They decided toin spite of the weather. 2) . Extensive tests haveon the patient. 3) . Itis a d

18、ifficult job but she s the person to carry it . 4). Don t blame me. I m onlymy orders. Keys: 1). carry on 2). been carried out on 3). through 4) . carry ing out 5. live/lead a. life過著的生活典例They live a peaceful life.他們過著平靜的生活。短語歸納“v. +同源賓 語” 結(jié)構(gòu)： smile a. smile露出微笑 dream a. dream 做 了個的夢 sleep a. sleep睡

19、個覺 sing a. song 唱的歌 die a. death 怎樣地死去 fight a. battle 打的仗laugh a. laugh發(fā)出方式的笑聲練習(xí)根據(jù)句 子的要求在括號里填入適當?shù)脑~或翻譯。1). Weare livi nghappily. = We are living. 2). (多么艱辛的生活 )they lived! 3). I (做了個美夢)last night. Keys: 1). living a happy life 2). What a hard life 3). dreamed/had a beautiful dream VI重點句子(旨在提供句子結(jié)構(gòu)等所需

20、材料)1. Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day.()解釋動名詞做主語的用法：動名詞做主語往往表示 經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動作(在口語中也可以表示具體的動作)。如： See ing is believ ing.眼見為實。 / Help ing her is my duty. 幫 助她是我的責(zé)任。動名詞作主語時，句子有兩種形式：動名詞直 接置于句首主語的位置上。如：1). Playi ng tricks on others is something weshould never do.捉弄別人是我們?nèi)f萬

21、不能干的。2). Talking is easier than doing. 說比做容易。用it作形式主語， 把真正的主語一一動名詞結(jié)構(gòu)移置句尾。但這種句子形式有一定的限 制，作表語的只能是某些形容詞或少數(shù)名詞，如：It is useless/worth/no good/no use/ no sense doing sth.等，如：1). It is useless trying to argue with Shylock.禾口夏洛克爭辯是沒 有什么用的。 2). It s no sense arguing with her. 和她爭吵 沒有意思。動名詞短語作主語時的謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式：Lea

22、rn ing new words is very importa nt for me.學(xué)習(xí)新單詞對我來說非常重 要。練習(xí)用括號內(nèi)所提供詞的適當形式填空。1). Talking (me nd) no holes. 2).(walk) is a good form of exercise for both young and old. 3). Is it any good(try) to explai n? Keys: 1). me nds 2). Walki ng 3). trying 2. Only after her mother came to help her for the first

23、 few mon ths was she allowed to begi n her project.她母親頭幾個月 來幫過她的忙，這才使她得以考慮自己的計劃。解釋以“only+ 狀語(通常是副詞、介詞短語或從句)”開頭的句子要用部分倒裝，即 將 助動詞或連系動詞置于主語之前，女口： 1). Only after myfriend camewas the computer repaired.只有在我的朋友來后電腦才修好。 2). Only whe n you poin ted it out for me did I realize that I waswrong.只有當你幫我指出來了我才意識到

24、我錯了。注意：如果 以“ only+主語”開頭的句子不用倒裝，如：1). Only we can help ourselves.只有我們能幫自己。2). Only Tomfailed in the exam. 只有湯姆考試不及格。練習(xí)用倒裝句型翻譯句子。1).只有用 這種方法我們才能把英語學(xué)得更好。 2).只有當你看了說明后你才知道怎么使用 這臺機器。 Keys: 1). On ly in this way can we learn English better. 2). Only after you read the instructionsdo you know how to use th

25、e machi ne. 3. She also worked hard to make as many coun tries as possible agree not to use them.她努力勸說盡可能多的國家同意不使用它 們(地雷)。解釋as.as possible = as. as one can“盡 可能”，第一個 as 可接 adj./adv. 或 many/few + n.(pl.) 或 much/little + n .u，如:1）. Be as kind to her as possible / you can.對她盡可能和藹些。2）. Do your homework

26、as carefully as possible / you ca n.做作業(yè)盡可能地細心。3）. Read as many useful books as possible / you can.看盡可能多的書。練習(xí)翻 譯句子。1）.在寫作中，你應(yīng)該盡量少犯錯誤。 ). 為了養(yǎng)活一大家人，他賣力工作盡力 多掙錢。 Keys: 1）. You should make as few mistakes as you can in your writing. 2）. In order to support a large family, he worked hard to earn as muchm

27、on eyas possible. 二、課文要點1課文詞匯等填空（旨在復(fù)習(xí)本課文中的單詞拼寫和 主要詞語等）根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容完成下面語法填空，注意單詞拼寫和詞 語用法： Jane Goodall, 1 had intended to work with animals in their own 2 （環(huán)境）since her childhood, went to Africa and devoted herself to 3（ study）the behavior of chimps. It was tough but she considered it as a 4 （有價值的） career.

28、 Through her study, we lear ned much more about chimps. She argued that the life of these animals should 5（ respect）and they should be left in the wild and not used 6 entertainment.Besides, she was very 7（ consider）of these animals. Now, she has 8 （實 現(xiàn)）every thi ng she wan ted to do, which 9 （激勵）tho

29、se whowa nt to cheer the 10（成就）of women. 答案：1. who 2.environment 3. study ing 4.worthwhile 5. be respected 6. for 7.c on siderate 8.achieved 9.i nspired 10.achieveme nts 2課文大意概括 （旨在訓(xùn)練用30個單詞概括大意的能力）閱讀課 文，試著用30來個單詞概括課文大意或翻譯下面短文。這一篇文章 給我們介紹了黑猩猩家庭，這使我們認識到，黑猩猩家族的關(guān)聯(lián)就像 人類的家庭那么堅固。Jane Goodall的努力，以及她關(guān)于保護黑猩 猩

30、的觀點使她取得了不少成就。This passage in troduces 優(yōu)品課件 答案： This passage introduces the groups of chimps to us, which madeus realize that the bone of a chimp family is as strong as that of a human s. Jane Goodall s efforts and her opinion on the protection of the chimps made her achieved a lot. 3課文佳句背誦與仿寫（旨在 培養(yǎng)對

31、難句的理解和運用能力）1.【原句】Following Jane s way of studying chimps, our group are all going to visit them in the forest.跟著簡研究黑猩猩的路線，我們團隊都去森林中探望他 們。 模仿要點句子結(jié)構(gòu) 現(xiàn)在分詞，+主句【模仿1】聽取老師的意見， 我在英語學(xué)習(xí)上取得了快速進步。 答案：Following the teacher s advice, I maderapid progress in English learning.【模仿 2】 按照指南， 你一定會解決這問題。 答案：Following th

32、e instruction,you will surely solve the problem. 2 【原句】 Only after her mother came to help her for the first few mon ths was she allowed to beg in her project.只有在她的 母親來幫助她的頭幾個月，才讓她開始她的計劃。模仿要點句子 結(jié)構(gòu)：Only +狀語（主句要倒裝）【模仿1】只有當您不遺余力你 能取得重大進展。 答案： Only when you spare no effort can you make great progress. 【

33、模仿2】只有當我們認識到我們生活 環(huán)境的重要性，我們才能意識到保護環(huán)境就是保護我們的家。 優(yōu)品課件 答案： Only when we came to realize the importanee of our living environment can we be aware of the fact that preserving nature is preserving our home.三、單元自測 1 完形填空 閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從2130各題所給的A、 B、 C和D項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。詞數(shù): 221 完成時間：14 分鐘難度：* I conside

34、r myself something of an expert on apologies. A quick temper has provided me with plenty of opportunities to makethem. In one of myearliest 21 , mymother is telling me, Dont watch the 22 whenyou say, “ rm sorry ” .Hold your head up and look at the person in the 23 , so hell know you mean it. My moth

35、er thus made the key point of a successful apology: it must be direct. You must n ever 24 to be doing someth ing else. You do not look through a pile of letters while apologizing to a person 25 in position after blaming him or her for a mistake that turned out to be your fault. You do not apologize

36、to a hostess, whose guest of honor you treat 26 , by sending, flowers the next day without mentioning your bad mann ers. One of the importa nt things you should do for an effective apology is read in ess to 27 the resp on sibilityfor our careless mistakes. Weare used to making excuses, which leaves

37、no 28 for the other pers on to forgive us. Si nee most people are ope n-hearted, the no-excuse apology leaves both parties feeling 29 about themselves. That, after all, is the purpose of every apology. It 30 little whether the apologizer is wholly or only partly at fault:answering for ones actions e

38、ncourages others to take their share of the blame. 21. A. dreams B. courses C. memories D. ideas 22. A. side B. ground C. wall D. bottom 23. A. mind B. soul C. face D. eye 24. A. pretend B. forget C. refuse D. expect 25. A. poorer B. weaker C. worse D. lower 26. A. cruelly B. freely C. roughly D. fo

39、olishly 27. A. raise B. perform C. admit D. bear 28. A. situatio n B. n eed C. sig n D. room 29. A. wiser B. warmer C. better D. cleverer 30. A. cares B. matters C. depe nds D. remai ns答案： 本文闡述了一個觀點， 道歉要真誠，要敢于承擔(dān)責(zé)任，同時也批評了一些“假”道歉的行為。 21 .選C.緊接著的就是作者回憶出來的內(nèi)容。22 .選B.與后面 提到的“要抬起頭”正好相反。23 .選D.道歉時看著對方的眼睛， 以

40、示真誠，在這一點上中西方是一樣的。24 .選A.根據(jù)上下文得 知，道歉時要誠懇，不能假裝著做別的事。所以這兒要用“ pretend ”。 25.選D.職位一般論要用“高、低”來衡量。不用 B項“強弱” 和A項“貴賤” 26 .選C. roughly此處表示對待客人不禮貌，服 務(wù)不到位。27 .選 D. bear the responsibility 承擔(dān)責(zé)任。28 .選 D. leave no room 不留余地。29 .選C. better 表示“心情更舒 暢”未找借口的道歉，即真誠的道歉，對方的感覺一定很好。30 .選 B.道歉者是全部還是部分承擔(dān)責(zé)任這些都不太重要：關(guān)鍵是為所作 所為主動

41、負責(zé)，這也能促使別人共同承擔(dān)責(zé)任。2.語法填空閱讀 下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填 入一個適當?shù)脑~或使用括號中詞語的正確形式填空，并將答案填寫在 答題卡標號為31-40的相應(yīng)位置上。詞數(shù)：180完成時間：9分鐘 難 度: * Mr Vincent was tired of living in the big city where he worked. He wan ted to move to the country and 31 (live) in a house from which he could get to his office in the city

42、 early every day. He was looki ng for a house 32 he saw an ad in a newspaper one day. The ad said that a suitable house in a quiet area was up for sale at a 33 (reas on) price, and the house was 34 a ston es throw of a railway stati on 35 which there were frequent trains to the big city. Thats exact

43、ly 36 I need. Mr. Vincent said to 37 . So he called the house age ncy and arran ged to go dow n by train 38 n ext day to have a look at the house. The house agency met him at the station and they started walking. 39 took them at least 15 minutes to get to the house. 40 they reached, Mr. Vincent said

44、 angrily, I should be very in terested to meet the man who threw the stone you men tio ned in the n ewspaper.答案 31 . live 32 . un til 33 . reas on able 34. within 35. from 36. what 37. himself 38. the 39. It 40. When 31 .live , and連接兩個動詞不定式短語做 wan ted的賓語：32 .un til , 考查until引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句.33 . reasonable

45、 , reason的形容 詞是加后綴-able，表“合理的”：34 . within，介詞“在之內(nèi)”- 35. from，介詞from加關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句。36 . what, 由what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句作表語： 37 . himself , say to on eself 表“自言自語”：38. the 39. It , It takes somebody some time to do something句型，其中作it形式主語：40 . When考查由 When 引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句： 3閱讀理解 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的 A、B、C和D項中，選出 最佳選項，并在答題卡

46、上將該項涂黑。詞數(shù)：315完成時間：7分 鐘 難度：* Washi ngton: A research con ducted at the Un iversity of Maryla nd looks at the nu merous complex reas ons as to why young childre n decide to in clude or exclude （排斥）other kids from their group of frie nds. It suggests that the kids decisi on-maki ng process is much more

47、 complex tha n previously believed. They take into acco unt group in formati on, ranging from cliques （ 小圈子）and n etworks, whe n decid ing what makes a group work well. Sometimes kids are excluded because they lack social skills, but a lot of time it has nothing to do with that. In stead it has to d

48、o with what we refer to as group membership such as gender, race, nation, and culture, says Professor Melanie Killen, the Associate Director of the Centre for Children Relationships and Culture at Maryland, who led the 4-year project. Reporting their findings in the journal, the researcher said what

49、ever was the reas on, in dividuals who experie need pervasive （ 普遍的）Ion g-term exclusi on from the group of frie nds suffered from depressi on, an xiety and Ion eli ness. The study looked at two models to defi ne how childre n make decisi ons regard ing accepta nee of other kids in their group - the

50、 in dividual social deficit model and the in ter-group social cog niti on （認同）model. While the former says that childrens rejection occurs due to social deficits like shyness, wariness or fearfulness,the latter says that it happens because of group dynamics, prejudice and exclusion.It was also found

51、 that the age of childre n was also a factor that in flue need their decisi ons regard ing other kids accepta nee as frien ds. With age, kids become more aware of group dyn amics, conventions, customs, and rituals. With this comes a greater con cer n about group fun cti oning, which can lead to excl

52、usi on which can be negative from a social justice viewpoint, says Kille n. The researcher believes that her study may have many ben efits, as it could provide in sights into how to help whe n children are rejected by their peers. 41. While making friends, kids think more about the followingEXCEPT.

53、A. social skills B. culture C. race D. gender 42. The underlined word deficit in Paragraph 5 may mean “ . A. skill B. relationship C. weakness D. experience 43. One of the major purposes of the research is to. A. tell the reader how to tell in clusi on from exclusi on B. remi nd childre n to be care

54、ful while making friends C. seek ways to help kids excluded by their peers D. stop the childre n bel onging to the in ter-group social cognition model 44. While making friends, children exclude those of social deficit model to. A. keep their groups purer B. maketheir groups more socially powerful C. refuse other customs and cultures D. prove their groups to be strict 45. The proper title for this passage is. A. Tech niq ues of maki ng frie nds B. Social com muni cati on among kids C. Maki ng fri