名詞性從句講解與練習

1、名詞性從句講解與練習名詞性從句包括主語從句，賓語從句，表語從句，同位語從句，它既是高中英語教學的重點與難點，又是高考的熱點。名詞性從句側重考查學生在一定的語言環(huán)境中對該類從句的語序，從句連接詞的使用以及主從句時態(tài)的呼應等知識的掌握。辨別下列從句1.Whether he will come or not is unknown. 2.Its unknown whether he will come or not.3.I dont know whether or not he will come.4.The question is whether he will come or not 5.That

2、 he has won the prize is true. 6.I know that he has won the prize.7.The fact is that he has won the prize.8.The fact that he has won the prize is true.9.What he said at the meeting is reasonable.10.I dont know what he said at the meeting.11.I asked him what he said at the meeting.12.This is what he

3、said at the meeting.13.I have no idea what he said at the meeting.II 名詞性從句的引導詞很多，歸納起來分為一下三類。 1 連接詞。只起連接作用，不充當從句中的任何句子成分。如that, whether, if.注意：在主語從句，表語從句，同位語從句中表“是否”之意時，要用“whether”不用“if”. 2 連接代詞。既起連接作用，本身又作從句中的主語，賓語，表語或定語，如who,whom,whose,which,that. 3 連接副詞。既起連接作用，本身又作從句中的狀語，如when,where,how,why.考點一 th

4、at與what, what與which 在引導名詞性從句時的區(qū)別。1 that與whatthat在引導名詞性從句時，不在從句中作成分，不含任何意義，只起連接作用，在句首時不可省略。what在引導名詞性從句時，既起連接作用，又要在從句中作主語，賓語或表語，在任何情況下它都不能省略，它有具體意義，表示“所-的（物，事，話等）”或“-的”相當于all that, everything that.例如：1)What you have done might do harmful to others. 2) I think (that) you will like the stamps.2 What與wh

5、ich what與which在引導名詞性從句中，都要在從句中作成分，都有實際意義，但是which在名詞性從句中表選擇，而what表意較籠統(tǒng)。注意whichever, whatever在引導名詞性從句時的區(qū)別與它們相同。例如：1）What we cant get seems better than what we have.（表意籠統(tǒng)） 2) Here are 5 pairs, can you tell me which you would like to buy?（表示從供選的5雙中作選擇）1）（2012湖北，80）Things arent always _they appear.事情往往不是

6、它們看上去的那樣。2)(2011湖北，76)_delighted the fans was that the younger player performed extremely well in the table tennis tournament.令球迷欣喜的是這位年輕的選手在兵乓聯(lián)賽中表現很好。 用that .what. which 填空1. - Have you seen the film Under the Hawthorn Tree ?- 0f course. I have. It was in our village _it was made.A. that B. where.

7、C. when D which2.Our teacher always tell us to believe in _we do and who we are if we want to succeed.A why B how C what D which3.The old town has narrow streets and small houses _are build close to each other .A they B where C what D that 4.Modern science has given clear evidence _smoking can lead

8、to many diseases. A what B which C that D where5._Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness . A Which B What C That D Whom6. Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, _, of course made all the others upsetA who B which C what D that 7 .Before a problem can be solved, i

9、t must be obvious _the problem itself is.A what B that C which D why8.Its not what we do once in a while _shapes our lives. But what we do consistently. A which B that C how D when9.Its not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do _benefits our work most. A who B which C that D what10

10、.The Guinness company hired two Englishmen to write _later became the Guinness Book of World Records.11.Iron came later in _was called the Iron Age.12.Zheng Hes first stop was in _is today a part of Vietnam.13.Im satisfied _ _ you have done is right.14. After _ seemed like two hours to us , we arriv

11、ed there.15. _ is known to us all is _ the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing.16.It is natural _ they should have different views.17. Before the sales start, I make a list of _ my kids will need for the coming season.考點二 wh-引導的名詞性從句與wh-ever引導的名詞性從句的區(qū)別。1) Whatever,whoever,whichever=anythin

12、ganybody that 引導名詞性從句時，往往比what,who,which 更強調，不表示疑問意義，表示的是一種泛指關系。 2）whatever,whoever,whichever=no matter what,who,which引導讓步狀語從句時表示“無論是什么誰哪一個，主從句間往往有逗號連接。 3）when可引導定語從句，狀語從句，名詞性從句，引導詞在從句中作狀語表時間。Whenever=no matter when 引導讓步狀語從句 4）however=no matter how 引導讓步狀語從句，how可修飾形容詞，副詞來引導名詞性從句how在從句中作方式狀語。 用 no mat

13、ter what, whatever, no matter who, whoever, no matter where, wherever, what ,how, when ,however,填空1. The poor young man is ready to accept _ help he can get.2. He tried his best to solve the problem, _ difficult it was.3. _ team wins on Saturday will go through to the National championships.4. Could

14、 I speak to _ is in charge of International Sales?5. _ want to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.6. _ happy I am , I never seem to be able to finish off the loaf of bread.7. To show our respect, we usually have to take our gloves _ we are to shake hands with.8 _way you do it, it has the same

15、result.9 _he got it remains unknown to us.10 _problems you have, you can always come to me for help.11 _ we need is more practice.12 _well begin the party is still a question.13 _you like to come, Ill be glad to see you .14 _cold it is, she always goes swimming.考點三 it用于代替主語從句或賓語從句 為了使句子平衡，英語中常用it來代替

16、主語從句或賓語從句，而不把主語從句或賓語從句后置，注意作形式主語或賓語的代詞只能為it,而不能為thisthat 等，一般不可省略。 That從句作主語時，常用it作形式主語，常見的句型有： 1 It +be + 形容詞(obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, 等)+that從句 1) It is certain that she will do well in her exam. 2) It is probable that he told her every

17、thing. 2 It +be+ 名詞詞組（no wonder, an honour, a good thing, a pity, no surprise,等）+ that從句 1) It”s a pity that we can”t go. 2) It”s no surprise that our team should have won the game. 3 It +be +過去分詞（said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, arranged等）+that 從句 1) It is said that Mr. Green

18、has arrived in Beijing. 2) It is decided that the meeting has been put off till next Monday. That從句作賓語時，常用it作形式賓語，能用that從句作賓語的動詞有：make, find, discover, think, consider, 等 1 We think it probable that he was dead. 2 We consider it necessary that he should improve his pronunciation. 3 He has made it cl

19、ear he will not give in.練習：（2011湖北 78）1 _that he had an important conference to attend the next morning.( occur ) 他突然想到第二天上午他有一個重要的會議要參加。（2011 江蘇，26）2 _why the man hadnt reported the accident sooner. (clear) 老人沒有立馬報案的原因尚未查明。 （2012 江西 25）3 _that he had left his keys in his office.(occur) 他突然想到，他把鑰匙忘在

20、辦公室了。考點四：that, if 與whether的選擇。That 引導的名詞性從句往往表達一個statement或 fact，不含疑問意義，而表示疑問時要用if 或whether，1) I doubt if/whether the speeches will be good.2) I dont doubt that she will go over the lessons. 3) I wonder if hell come to meet us.4) It is no wonder that hell come to meet us.If 和whether 都能夠引導賓語從句，并能夠互換。

21、但是在下列情況下只用whether：1) 介詞后的賓語從句2) 主語從句，表語從句，同為語從句3) 在whether or not 引導的賓語從句中4) Whether后接不定式短語。練習（2012天津9）It doesnt matter _you turn right or left at the crossing -both roads lead to the park.在十字路口往右還是左，這沒有多大關系，兩條路都通往公園?？键c五：同為語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別。 同為語從句一般位于某些抽象名詞之后，如fact, hope, desire, thought, suggestion, idea

22、, news, problem,等對這些名詞起補充作用，that只起連接作用，在從句中不作任何成分，不能省略，另外也可用where, how ,when等詞引導。 定語從句是對前面的內容實行修飾，限制，引導詞在從句中作句子成分，有時能夠省略。練習： 1）（2012上海35）Despite the fact_, the explorers continued towards the goal.(lack) 即使缺乏食物，但探險者們繼續(xù)向目標進發(fā)。 2）（2012浙江4） I made a _this year ,my first year in high school, would be dif

23、ference.(promise) 今年我對自己承諾，我在高中的第一年將會不一樣。 3）（2011天津13）Modern science has given clear evidence _many diseases. (lead) 現代科學已給出明確證明吸煙能導致很多疾病。 考點六：名詞性從句中的語序名詞性從句中除了連接詞在從句之首外，其他部分應保持陳述語序，不能受when ,where, how, why, 等的影響。Can you tell me _ a scholarship.(apply)你能告訴我怎樣才能申請到一份獎學金。名詞性從句專練2013高考題1.(課標卷I)26. Poli

24、ce have found appears to be the lost ancient statue.A. whichB. whereC. howD. what2.( 北京卷)31. makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer. A. ThatB. WhatC. WhoD. Which3.(北京卷)33.Experts believe people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary. A. whyB. whe

25、reC. thatD. what4.(天津卷)15. I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents.A. That B. Which C. Whether D. What5.(上海卷)33. I have no idea _ the cell phone isnt working, so could you fix it for me? A. whatB. whyC. ifD. which6.(上海卷)40. Some people care much about their appearance a

26、nd always ask if they look fine in _ they are wearing. A. thatB. whatC. howD. which7.(重慶卷)28. struck me most in the movie was the fathers deep love for his son.A. That B. It C. What D. Which8.(安徽卷)21.From space, the earth looks blue. This is about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by wat

27、er. A. why B. how C. because D. whether9.(湖南卷)28. Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell _ close you may be to victory. A. howB. thatC. whichD. where10.(江西卷)30._ one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it.A. WhoeverB. WhateverC. WhicheverD. Wherever11.(山東卷)30. Its g

28、ood to know _ the dogs will be well cared for while were away. A. what B. whoseC. which D. that 12.(陜西卷)20.It remains to be seen_ the newly formed committees policy can be put into practice. A .that B. which C. what D. whether 13.(四川卷)6._ you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the com

29、pany. A. When B. How C. What D. That14.(浙江卷)16.The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief _ you are better than anyone else on the sports field.A. how B. that C. which D. whether2012年高考1.（安徽，27）The limits of a persons intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, bu

30、t _ he reaches these limits will depend on his environment. A. where B. whether C. that D. why2.（浙江，4）I made a promise _ this year, my first in high school, would be different. A. whether B. what C. that D. how3.（全國I，24）It is by no means clear _ the president can do to end the strike. A. how B. whic

31、h C. that D. what4.（上海，40）The map is one of the best tools a man has _ _ he goes to a new place.A. whenever B. whatever C. wherever D. however5.（重慶，34）Evidence has been found through years of study _ childrens early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up. A. why B. how C. whether

32、 D. that6.（湖南，26）Everyone in the village is very friendly. It doesnt matter _ you have lived there for a short or a long time. A. why B. how C. whether D. when7.（福建，35）We promise _ attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star. A. who B. whom C. whoever D. whomever8.（北京，24）Jer

33、ry did not regret giving the comment but felt _ he could have expressed it differently. A. why B. how C. that D. whether9.（天津，9）It doesnt matter _ you turn right or left at the crossingboth roads lead to the park. A. whether B. how C. if D. when10.（江西，25）It suddenly occurred to him _ he had left his

34、 keys in the office. A. whether B. where C. which D. that11.（陜西，20）As many as five courses are provided, and you are free to choose _ suits you best. A. whatever B whichever C. whenever D. wherever12.（四川，17）Scientists study _ human brains work to make computers. A. when B. how C. that D. whether13.（

35、遼寧，34）The newcomer went to the library the other day and searched for _ he could find about Mark Twain. A. wherever B. however C. whatever D. whichever14（山東，21）When you are done with the book, just give it to Lucy or Helen or _. A. whoever B. wherever C. whatever D. however15.（山東，25）It doesnt matter

36、 _ you pay by cash or credit card in this store. A. how B. whether C. what D. why16.（江蘇，27）The notice came around two in the afternoon _ the meeting would be postponed. A. when B. that C. whether D. how17.（上海，34）There is much truth in the idea kindness is usually served by frankness.A. why B. which

37、C. that D. whether18.（上海，38）Weve only got this small bookcase. Will that do?No, _ _ I am looking for is something much bigger and stronger.A. who B. that C. what D. which完成句子1. Word came from the earthquake-hit area in Yunnan_ in new houses. But they face difficult challenges associated with the nee

38、d to find work. (settle)有消息從云南被地震襲擊的地區(qū)傳來，人們已經在新房安定下來。2(2008湖北)With the rapid development of science and technology, I cant imagine _ . (what)隨著科技的迅速發(fā)展，我不能想象我的家鄉(xiāng)會是什么樣子。 3. （2009湖北）_ is sure to change as one puts it into practice. (whatever)任何計劃好的事情，當一個人付諸實踐的時候，肯定會改變。4. (2010湖北高考) The news _ has cause

39、d many people to sell their houses at lower prices. (fall) 房價要下跌的消息引起很多人以低價出售房屋。5. (2012湖北，80) Things arent always _ . (appear) 事情往往不是它們看上去的那樣。6.(2013湖北，71) Knowing _ reduces the risks of failure and it works likes an insurance policy for your own ability. (do)知道你在干什么，能降低失敗的風險，這就像給自己的水平買了份保險。7. (華師一

40、附中五月模擬) With only two weeks left, students often ask the question _.(worth) 只剩下兩個星期了，學生們經常問家庭作業(yè)是否值得做。8. (五月供題一) It is his firm belief that _ will not fail to quit such unhealthy habits. (value) 這是他堅定的信念，任何珍惜生命的人都不會失敗地放棄這些不健康的習慣。9. (五月供題二) The Yellow Crane Tower stands in _. (call) 黃鶴樓挺立在被叫作武漢的地方10.

41、My demand is that the information referred to in my report _ to Mr Smith without delay. (e-mail v.) 我的要求是我報告中談到的信息刻不容緩地用郵件發(fā)給Mr Smith。11（八校聯(lián)考二）When preparing for the exams, perseverance and efficiency are _to achieve good grades. (take)為考試做準備的時候，毅力和效率是獲得好成績所需要的品質。12. (四校聯(lián)考) The 2010 Expo has brought

42、about great changes in the city of Shanghai, so many visitors feel Shanghai is no longer _. (used) 2010世博會給上海市帶來了巨大的變化，所以很多參觀者感覺上海不再是過去的模樣.13. (八市三月調考) _ two gold medals at the Asian Games held in Guangzhou made his family very proud. (win) 他在廣州舉行的亞運會上獲得兩枚金牌讓他的家人很驕傲。 14. (同上) _ is that Africa had co

43、ntacts with India from the earliest times. (know)眾所周知的是從最早的時候非洲和印度有聯(lián)系。15. (荊州質檢) The star said he had hoped to win the Golden Horse Film Awards within 20 years, but _was that his dream was being fulfilled so soon. (shock)這位明星說他本來希望在20年內贏得金馬獎，但是使他震驚的是夢想如此快地實現了。16. (部分重點中學聯(lián)考二) _ science when she was y

44、oung may have been due to her fathers influence. (become)她小時候對科學感興趣可能是因為她父親的影響。17. (八校聯(lián)考一) The point I want to make is _ is rewarding, for it not only helps others, but also opens up opportunities for young people. (be) 我想說的觀點是做一名志愿者是值得的，因為它不但協(xié)助別人，而且為年輕人拓展了機會。18. (部分重點中學期中聯(lián)考) Living with cancer makes me realize _ . (precious) 忍受癌癥讓我意識到生命多么寶貴。19. (武漢中學12月月考) It remains a question _ the plan to be discussed at tomorrows meeting. (approve)他是否會贊同明天會議上要討論的計劃仍然是個問題。20. (11月調考) _ that this way of treating the disease is the most effective so far. (pro