形容詞的比較級和最高級

1、形容詞的比較級和最高級英語中的形容詞通常用三種形式來表達事物的等級差別，分別是原級、比較級和最高級。大部分形容詞的比較級和最高級是通過變化詞尾來實現(xiàn)的，屬于規(guī)則變化，但也有少數(shù)是不規(guī)則變化。英語中有些形容詞說明形狀、材質(zhì)等，還有形容詞沒有程度可分或其本身就表示某種程度，故而沒有比較級和最高級。常見的有：right正確的wrong 錯誤的excellent最好的final最后的last最后的possible 可能的first 第一的east東方的empty空的wooden 木制的impossible不可能的favourite 最喜歡的round圓的golden 金色的square 方的一、比較級

2、和最高級的構(gòu)成1.規(guī)則變化（1）單音節(jié)和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)形容詞變化規(guī)則如下：1）單音節(jié)詞末尾加 -er（比較級）， -est（最高級）【例】原級比較級最高級greatgreatergreatestsmallsmallersmallestcleancleanercleanest2）單音節(jié)如以 e 結(jié)尾，只加 -r（比較級），-st（最高級）【例】finefinerfinestnicenicernicestwidewiderwidest3）以一個輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)單音節(jié)詞，須先雙寫這個輔音字母，再加 -er（比較級），-est（最高級）【例】bigbiggerbiggesthothotterhot

3、testfatfatterfattest4）以“輔音字母 +y”結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，將 y 變?yōu)?i， 加-er（比較級）， -est（最高級）【例】 happyhappierhappiesteasyeasiereasiestheavyheavierheaviestfunnyfunnierfunniest5）以 -er， ow， -ble 結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，末尾加-er（比較級）， -est（最高級）【例】 clevercleverercleverestnarrownarrowernarrowestableablerablest(2)其他雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞在詞前加more（比較級），most（最高級

4、）1/11【例】 tiredmore tiredmost tiredinterestingmore interestingmost interestingdifficultmore difficultmost difficult(注意： A：有詞根加 ly 構(gòu)成的形容詞，在詞前加more（比較級）， most（最高級）如 friendly-friend+ly 構(gòu)成 , friendly more friendlymost friendly；B ： 以形 容前 綴 un 構(gòu) 成的 三音 節(jié)形 容詞 不 適合 上述 情況 ，如unhappy-unhappier-unhappiest,untidy-

5、untidier-untidiest )2.不規(guī)則變化形容詞的不規(guī)則變化如下：原級比較級最高級good/wellbetterbestbad/illworseworstlittle/ fewlessleastmuch/manymoremostfarfarther 更遠的（只指距離 )farthest;further 更遠的（指距離） ；furthest更深入的（指程度）oldolder 較老的，較舊的；長輩oldest;的( 指年齡、新舊、血緣） ；eldestelder 長輩的（只指血緣）二、比較級的用法（ 1）高于或低于另一方的比較運用“ 比較級 +than”的結(jié)構(gòu)可以表達一方超過或低于另一

6、方的情況。即 ： 物體 A + am / are / is +形比+ than + 物體 B.She is more beautiful than my sister.她比我的姐姐漂亮。This bottle is bigger than that one.這瓶子比那瓶子大。(2)比較級 +and+比較級這種結(jié)構(gòu)表示事物本身程度的逐漸增長，意為“越來越.”。She is becoming fatter and fatter.她變得越來越胖。It is getting warmer and warmer.天氣變得越來越暖和。三、最高級的用法1.表示在三者或三者以上中程度最高最高級是表示在三者或更

7、多者中程度最高的比較形式。此時應(yīng)運用形容詞的最高級，其句式為： the+形容詞最高級 +（名詞） +表示范圍的短語或從句 ,即：物體 A + am / are / is + the +形最高級+ （名詞） +比較范圍（ of + 人 /物， in + 地方）Lucy is the most beautiful girl in her school.露西是她學校最漂亮的女孩。Jim is the thinnest of the three boys.吉姆是這三個男孩中最瘦的。2.“最 .”的其他表達方法。（ 1）運用比較級表達最高級的概念。2/11Ann is taller than any o

8、ther girl in her class.Ann is taller than the other girls in her class.Ann is taller than the rest of girls in her class.以上三句表達的意思等同于最高級的含義：Ann is the tallest of the girls in her class.安是她們班上最高的女生。四、比較級和最高級的修飾語1.比較級的修飾語修飾比較級的常用語和短語主要有：much(.得多） ,a lot（ .得多） , a little（.一點） , a bit（.一點） , twice（ .兩倍）

9、 , five times（.五倍）等。Do you feel much better today than yesterday?你今天感覺比昨天好很多了嗎？2.最高級的修飾語常用的最高級的修飾語有序數(shù)詞 the first，the second等以及 almost(差不多，幾乎） , nearly（差不多，幾乎）。Africa is the second largest continent.非洲是第二大洲。Amy s writing is almost the best of all the students.在所有學生中，艾米的書寫幾乎是最好的。五、需要注意的情況1.使用比較級時常見的錯誤

10、（ 1） more 不可修飾比較級，但是 much 可以用來加強比較級，意為“ .的多”、“更 .”。She looks more younger than I.( ×)She looks much younger than I.()(2)比較的對象或范圍出現(xiàn)錯誤。The weather of Shanghai is hotter than Beijing.( ×)(比較的對象應(yīng)該是北京的天氣，而不是北京）The weather of Shanghai is hotter than that of Beijing. ()上海的天氣比北京的熱。China is larger

11、than any country in Asia. ( ) (出現(xiàn)了邏輯×上的錯誤， 中國就是亞洲的一個國家，應(yīng)當排除在外 )China is larger than any other country in Asia. ()中國比亞洲別的國家要大。2.形容詞最高級前通常要加定冠詞the,而以下幾種情況一般不需要加定冠詞the:（ 1）形容詞最高級前有序數(shù)詞、物主代詞、指示代詞或名詞所有格等限定詞修飾時 ,最高級前不用 the。如 :The Yellow River is the second longest river in China黃.河是中國第二長河。（ 2）形容詞最高級在句

12、中作表語而比較范圍又不明確時 ,最高級前不用 the。如: They are happiest on Saturdays他.們在星期六最快樂。（ 3）如果兩個形容詞最高級并列修飾同一個名詞時 ,第二個形容詞最高級前不加the。如 :He is the youngest and tallest boy in his class他.是班上年齡最小、 個子最高的男孩。練習3/11形容詞比較級和最高級 (一）一、寫出下列單詞的反義詞1. hot2.new_3. clean_4. high_5. heavy_6.cold_7. bad_二、 寫出下列形容詞的比較級和最高級1. old _ _2. bus

13、y _ _ 3. thin _ _4. many _ _5. slow _ _ 6. delicious _ _三、用適當形式填空：1. Bob is _ (young )than Fred but_ (tall) thanFred.2. Yingtian is not as _ (tall) asYongxian.3. Almost all the students' faces are the same but Li Deming looks _ (fat) than before .4. Which is _ (heavy), a hen or a chicken?5.- How

14、_ (tall) is Sally?-She' s 1.55 metres _ (tall). Whatabout Xiaoling?- She' s only 1.40 metres _ (tall). She is much _(short) than Sally. She is also the _ (short)girl in the class.6. He is _ (bad) at learning maths. He is much _ (bad) at Chinese and heis the_ (bad) at English.7. Annie says Sa

15、lly is the _ (kind) person in the world.8.He is one of the_(friendly) people in the class, I think.9. A dictionary is much _ (expensive) than a story-book.10. An orange ia a little _ (big) than an apple, but much _ (small) than a watermelon.11.Miss Chen is _ _than Mr. Wang. (popular)12. Mr. Lin _ _

16、_ Mr. Brown. (sad)13. The basketball _ _ _ the baseball. (big)14. Question A _ _ _ _ Question B. (important)15. A rose _ _ _ _ a weed(野草 ). (beautiful)4/1116. Toronto is _ _ city in Canada. (large)17. Playing computer games is_ _ _ of all the activities.(interesting).18. The Nile(尼羅河 ) is _ _river i

17、n the world. (long)19. Good health is _ _ _thing life. (important)20. Taking a taxi is _ _ way to get to the airport. (easy)21. Test 1 is _ _ _of all the tests. （ difficult ）22. He is_than any other boy in the class（.clever）23. She is_ than all the other students. (young)24. The window is _ _ of the

18、 two. (narrow)25. Where is the _bus-stop? (near)26. He is one of _ _ _Politicians. (famous)27. Tom drives much _ _than John. (careful)28. The white flower is _(beautiful). The yellow flower is _ _(beautiful)than the white flower. The red flower is the _ _ of the three.四、 選擇題1.She is _ than _ .A. bus

19、ier / usB. busier / weC. more busy / us D. more busy / we2.Jane is _ than Betty.A. less tallerB. less tallestC. less tall D. not as tall3.China is _ country in the world.A. the third largest B. the largest third C. the third large D. a third largest4. -Which is _ season in Beijing? -I think it's

20、 autumn.A.goodB.betterC.bestD.the best5- Which is_ , the sun, the moon or the earth?- Of course, the moon is.A.smallB.smallerC.smallestD.the smallest6.The air in Beijing is getting much _ now than a few years ago.A. cleanB. cleanerC. cleanestD. the cleanest7. Mobile phones are very popular now and t

21、hey are _ than before.5/11A. cheapB. cheaperC. cheapestD. the cheapest8I study English as_as my brother.A.hardB. harderC. hardest9. Which is _ , a bicycle or a computer?A.expensiveB.more expensiveC.the most expensive10. The Yellow River is one of _rivers in China.AlongB longerC the longest11.She is

22、the second _student in our class.A. tallB. tallerC. talles形容詞比較級和最高級（二）一、用括號里的詞的適當形式填空。1. Tom can jump _(high). He jumps _(high) than the other boys in his class.2. Janet sing _(well) in her class. She can sing _(well) than her music teacher, too.3. My father is _(handsome). But my brother is _(hand

23、some) than him. He is _(handsome) in my family.4. I have _(many) books in my class. But my teacher has _(many) books than _(I).5._(they) house is much _(old) than _(we).6. _(she) dances _(well) than _(he).7. _(he) house are _(small) of the four.8. Does _(she) mother get up _(early) than _(you)?9. Wh

24、ich eats _(many), the mouse, the dog or the horse?10. Are _(we) going to play football with _(they)?二 寫出下列形容詞與副詞的比較級與最高級形式：long_ _ wide _ _ fat _ _heavy_ _ slow _ _ few_ _far_happy_ _unhappy_6/11三 .用所給詞的正確形式填空：1. Of the two girls, I find Lucy the _ (clever).2. Gold(黃金 ) is _ (little) useful than iro

25、n( 鐵).3. My sister is two years _ (old ) than I.4. Johns parents have four daughters, and she is the _ (young) child.5. The _ (cheap) bags are the not usually the best ones.6. The short one is by far _ expensive of the five.7. The boy is not so _ (interesting) as his brother.8. Dick sings _ (well),

26、she sings _(well) than John, but Mary sings_(well) in her class.9. She will be much _ (happy) in her mew house.10. This dress is _ that.(twice, as as , expensive)四 .選擇填空：1 He feels _ today than yesterday.A. tired B. more tired C. more tireder D. much tired2. Which do you like _, coffee, tea or milk?

27、 A. the worst B. worse C. the worse D. worst3. Of the two toys, the child chose_.A. the expensive oneB. one most expensiveC. a least expensiveD. the most expensive of them4.The line is _ than that one.A. more longerB. not longerC. much more longer D. many more longer5.The earth is _ the moon.A. as 4

28、9 times big asB. 49 times as bigger asC. 49 times as big asD.as big as 49 times6.The book is _ of the two.A. thinner B. the thinner C. more thinner D. the thinnest7.She looks _ than she does.A. the more olderB. very olderC. much older D. more older8.The garden is becoming _.7/11A. more beautiful and

29、 moreB. more beautiful and beautifulC. more and more beautifulD. more beautiful and beautifuler9. They competed（比賽）to see who could work _.A. the fastest and bestB. the faster and the betterC. fastest and betterD. faster and better10._ hurry, _speed.A. More, lessB. Much, littleC. The more, the less

30、D. The much, the little五 .翻譯句子：1本書跟那本書一樣有趣。This book is _ _ _ that one.2 你游泳沒有你弟弟好。You cant swim _ _ _ your brother.3 今天比昨天冷的多。It is _ _ today_ it was yesterday.4 對這個故事我比另一個喜歡的多。This story is _ _ _ than thatone.5 他比我大兩歲。He is _ _ _ than I.6 這個故事不如那個有趣。This story is _ _ _ than that one.7 她的身體狀況一天天好起來

31、。He is getting _ _ _ every day.8.他對英語越來越感興趣。He is becoming _ _ _ _ _English.9.他吃的越多，人越胖。The more he eats, the _ he gets.10.你的問題是兩個中比較難的那個Your question is _ _ _of two.六、用適當形式填空：1. Bob is _ ( young ) than Fred, but _ (tall) than Fred.2. Alice is not as _ (tall) as Mike.3. Li Deming looks _ (fat) than

32、before after the summer holidays. 4.Which is _ (heavy), a hen or a chicken?5.- How _ (tall) is Sally?- She' s 1.55 metres _ (tall). What about Xiaoling?- She' s only 1.40 metres _ (tall). She is much _ (short) than Sally. She is also the _ (short) girl in the class.6. He is _ (bad) at learni

33、ng maths. He is much _ (bad) at Chinese and8/11he is the _ (bad) at English.7. Annie says Sally is the _ (kind) person in the world.8. He is one of the_(friendly) people in the class, I think.9. A dictionary is much _ (expensive) than a story-book.10. An orange is a little _ (big) than an apple,but

34、much _ (small) than a watermelon.11. The Changjiang River is the _ (long) river in China.12. Sue is a little _ (beautiful) than her sister.13. My room is not as _ (big) as my brother' s.14. -How difficult is physics?-I' m not sure.- Is it _ (difficult) than maths?- I don' t think so.15.-

35、 Annie plays the piano very _ (well).- Sue plays it _ (well) than Annie. And Sally plays it the _ (well).16. Saturday is my _ (busy) day in a week.17. Her mother is getting _(fat) and _ (fat).18. I think it' s too expensive. I' d like a _ (cheap) one.19. He comes to school much _ (early) tha

36、n I.20.This book is not as _ (interesting) as that one.21. Your classroom is _(wide)and _(bright) than ours.22. Practise as _ (much) as you can.23. The _ (much), the _ (good).24. Nowadays(現(xiàn)在 ) English is _( important ) than any other subject, I think.25. Most of the students think a lion is much _(dangerous) than a bear and it is the _ (dangerous) animal in the world.26.The apples in the other shop areand.(cheap; good)27.Many of the stars are soaway that we can t see them. (far)9/1128. The Yangtze River is very