定語從句常見錯誤分析精選

1、學(xué)習(xí)好資料歡迎下載定語從句常見錯誤分析英語定語從句是學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語較難掌握的一個語法。為了幫助學(xué)生正確 使用定語從句，本文就學(xué)生的常見錯誤進(jìn)行了歸納和分析。I.句子結(jié)構(gòu)錯誤。1 .昨天王老師上了一節(jié)非常生動而有趣的課。誤： Yesterday Mr Wang taught the lesson was very lively and interesting.正： The lesson Mr Wang taught yesterday was very lively and interesting.分析：錯句完全是按照漢語的順序翻譯。分析一下句子，像”在句子中作主語，而 昨天王老師教的”是用作 像

2、”的定語，所以應(yīng)該 用定語從句來表達(dá)。2 .你上個月從圖書館借的那本書還了嗎？誤： Have you returned me the book you borrowed it from the library last month?正： Have you returned the book you borrowed from the libray last month?分析：錯句的定語從句中多了賓語it,關(guān)系代詞 which或that在從句中作賓語可以省略，所以不能再用it作borrowed的賓語。3 .我永遠(yuǎn)也不會忘記我在那兒生活了八年的村莊。誤：Ill never forget the v

3、illage where I once worked there for eight years.正：Ill never forget the village where I once worked for eight years.分析：關(guān)系副詞既引導(dǎo)定語從句，又在從句中作地點狀語，因此不能再用 表示地點狀語的副詞there。II.介詞錯誤1 .你們住的那個房間太小了。誤： The room which you are living is too small.正： The room in which you are living is too small.或 The room which yo

4、u are livng in is too small.分析：關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作接物動詞的賓語或介詞賓語。本句中 live是不接物動詞，不能直接跟賓語，須加介詞in。2 .你能借給我你們剛才談?wù)摰降哪潜緯鴨?？誤： Can you lend me the book about that you were talking just now?正： Can you lend me the book that you were talking about just now?或 Can you lend me the book about which you were talking just now

5、?分析：關(guān)系代詞that作賓語時，介詞不可放在that之前，只能放在從句原來位置上，關(guān)系代詞which,whom作介詞賓語時，介詞可以放在它們的前面。 如： The man about whom you were talking lives in the next room.學(xué)習(xí)好資料歡迎下載3 .我問他去過的城市中哪個城市的人口最多。誤：I asked which of the cities that he had been had the largest population.正：I asked which of the cities that he had been to had the

6、 largest population.分析：關(guān)系代詞that作詞組had been to賓語，錯句中漏掉了to。III.選擇關(guān)系詞1 .那幢紅色屋頂?shù)姆孔邮侨ツ晗奶旖ǖ摹Ｕ`： The building which roof is red was built last summer.正： The building whose roof is red was built last summer.分析：關(guān)系代詞 which不能用作所有格修錦名詞，它的所有格是whose。2 .你認(rèn)識那個我想他可能教我們英語的老師嗎？誤： Do you know the teacher whom I think wi

7、ll come to teachus English?正： Do you know the teacher who I think will come to teach us English?分析：定語從句中的I think是插入語，指代the teacher的關(guān)系代 詞應(yīng)在本句中的定語從句中作主語，所以只能用主格的關(guān)系代詞 who ,而不能用賓格的關(guān)系代詞whom。3 .你指的是去年我們參觀的那所學(xué)校嗎？誤： Do you mean the school where we visited last year?正： Do you mean the school which we visited

8、 last year?分析：關(guān)系副詞 where往往指代主句中表示地點的名詞，而在從句中作狀語。本句中的定語從句的謂語動詞visit是及物動詞，所以要用關(guān)系代詞which或that連接定語從句并在從句中作visit 的賓語，意即： visited the school o4 .這是我所看到過的最好的一部電影。誤： This is the best film which I have ever seen.正： This is the best film that I have ever seen.分析：在定語從句中，當(dāng)形容詞最高級、序數(shù)詞以及all,any,only等充當(dāng)先行詞的前位定語時，關(guān)系

9、代詞一般用that而不用which。5 .我沒有告訴她真情，這使我心里很不安。誤：I didnt tell her the truth,that made me uneasy.正：I didnt tell her the truth.which made me uneasy.分析：that所引導(dǎo)的定語從句，一般都是限制性定語從句，當(dāng)關(guān)系代 詞代表整個句子的意思，或引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時，應(yīng)用 which 而不用that。6 .現(xiàn)在你所要做的一切就是好好休息。誤： All what you should do now is to take a good rest.正： All (that) yo

10、u should do now is to take a good rest.分析：句中you should do now是定語從句，what用作連接代詞，只能 引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，不能引導(dǎo)定語從句。所以此句中 what應(yīng)改成that。IV. 一致關(guān)系學(xué)習(xí)好資料歡迎下載1 .他是昨天受老師表揚(yáng)的學(xué)生之一。誤： He is one of the students who was praised by the teacher yesterday.正： He is one of the students who were praised by the teacher yesterday.分析：關(guān)系代詞在

11、定語從句中作主語時，從句的謂語動詞在人稱和數(shù)上 應(yīng)和先行詞一致，who在本句中作定語從句的主語并代表先行詞 the comrades,謂語動詞 was praised和先行詞不一致，應(yīng)改為 were praised。但本句也可以改為He is the only one of thestudents who was praised by the teacher.2 .他這次考試不及格，這證明他學(xué)習(xí)不夠刻苦。誤： He failed in the exam,which prove that he hadnt worked hard enough at his lessons.正： He faile

12、d in the exam,which proves that he hadnt worked hard enough at his lessons.分析：which代表整個句子的情況或句子的一部分時，應(yīng)看作單數(shù)，所 以它引導(dǎo)的定語從句的謂語動詞要相應(yīng)地用單數(shù)動詞。3 .他們已將所有屬于我的東西歸還給我。誤： They have returned me all that belong to me.正： They have returned me all that belongs to me.分析：all用作代詞或名詞時，可作單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)，但用作抽象概念應(yīng)作 單數(shù)，所以本句中定語從句的謂語動詞應(yīng)用

13、單數(shù)形式belongsV.as用作關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語從句1 .我從來還沒有聽過象他講的這么有趣的故事。誤：I had never heard such an interesting story like he told.正：I had never heard such an interesting story as he told.分析：當(dāng)such充當(dāng)先行詞的前位定語時，只能用關(guān)系代詞as引導(dǎo)定語從句并在從句中作主語或賓語。而本句中的like是介詞，不能引導(dǎo)從句，應(yīng)改為 as。2 .正如老師所說的，我們應(yīng)該通過講英語學(xué)習(xí)講英語。誤： As the teacher said that we sho

14、uld learn to speak English by speaking it.正： As the teacher said, we should learn to speak English by speaking it.分析：“w圖hould learn to speak Englsih by speaking it 應(yīng)是句中的主語，而不是賓語。Ashe teacher said是定語從句。As是關(guān)系代詞，用以代表主句的意思，并在從句中作said的賓語。3 .學(xué)一們外語，正如他們所學(xué)的，不是一件容易的事。誤：To learn a foreign language,as they lea

15、rned,was not an easy job.正： To learn a foreign language,such as they learned,was not an easy job.或： To learn a foreign language,as they did,was not an學(xué)習(xí)好資料歡迎下載easy job.分析：關(guān)系代詞 as可以代表定語從句中某個名詞，但這僅限于在和 such或the same連用的時候。如果沒有such或the same它所代表的就不是某個名詞，而是整個句子或動詞短改正下列句子中的錯誤：1 .Thats all what Dr Wang said

16、 at the meeting yesterday.2 .There is nothing in the world which can change my mind.3 .I met a former student I like him very much when he studied at our school.4 .The sun heats the earth,which make it possible for plants to grow.5 .Have you ever heard of such a clever boy like John?6 .People who has eyes can sometimes act just as foolishly as the blind men.7 .As everyone knows that he was able to help people with their personal affairs.8 .The camera which I took my best photos belonged to my father.9 .Our engines and machines,