資源開發(fā)中的多邊合作

1、代表:蔡銀 徐秋圓學(xué)校:蘇州大學(xué)國(guó)家:烏干達(dá)委員會(huì):議題: 資源開發(fā)中的多邊合作烏干達(dá)十分倚賴天然資源的出口，特別是咖啡、棉花、煙草、茶葉、魚?，F(xiàn)在是烏干達(dá)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的黃金時(shí)代，烏干達(dá)政府在這一黃金時(shí)期竭盡全力把握機(jī)會(huì)，有強(qiáng)烈的愿望與其它國(guó)家合作，并已經(jīng)開出多項(xiàng)對(duì)外融資的優(yōu)惠政策，歡迎各國(guó)資本與俄羅斯一道開發(fā)目前在烏干達(dá)境內(nèi)偏僻但儲(chǔ)量豐富的資源?！?986年抵運(yùn)執(zhí)政初后，實(shí)行務(wù)實(shí)、穩(wěn)妥的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展政策，積極進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整，優(yōu)先發(fā)展農(nóng)業(yè)，整頓國(guó)營(yíng)企業(yè)，扶植私人經(jīng)濟(jì)，推行自由貿(mào)易等措施。自1991年以來(lái)，經(jīng)濟(jì)年均增長(zhǎng)7，位居撒哈拉以南非洲國(guó)家之首，被世界銀行列為結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整計(jì)劃樣板。1999/2000財(cái)年，

2、烏經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整進(jìn)一步深化，私有化進(jìn)程加快。國(guó)際金融機(jī)構(gòu)和援助國(guó)繼續(xù)向?yàn)鯎芸?，并承諾大幅減免烏債務(wù)，使烏宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)保持穩(wěn)定。但受國(guó)際油價(jià)上揚(yáng)、咖啡等主要出口產(chǎn)品價(jià)格低迷、出兵剛果（金）造成軍費(fèi)開支過大等因素影響，烏經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)率仍低于預(yù)期增長(zhǎng)速度。烏干達(dá)有以下建議:1 我國(guó)目前對(duì)石油、天然氣的需求量很大，大部分依賴進(jìn)口，我國(guó)希望與成員國(guó)簽訂協(xié)議，鋪設(shè)油氣管道，提供油氣資源。2 我國(guó)的農(nóng)副產(chǎn)品很豐富，但由于長(zhǎng)期的殖民統(tǒng)治，國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)秩序的不合理，以低廉的價(jià)格出售原料產(chǎn)品，使生產(chǎn)難以發(fā)展。我國(guó)迫切希望提高加工能力。在這方面，可采取合資合作經(jīng)營(yíng)的方式，根據(jù)當(dāng)?shù)貤l件，建立合營(yíng)公司。加工出的產(chǎn)品，不僅在當(dāng)?shù)厥?/p>

3、場(chǎng)出售，而且可以向第三國(guó)出售，這樣可把雙邊貿(mào)易轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槎噙呝Q(mào)易。3 我國(guó)航空探礦將為投資者提供相關(guān)信息，便于投資者來(lái)烏進(jìn)行礦產(chǎn)資源開發(fā)、加工和生產(chǎn)。而政府為促進(jìn)本國(guó)礦業(yè)發(fā)展而制定的相關(guān)法律和措施，也將為投資者提供法律保障和政策支持。4 我國(guó)人力資源豐富.廉價(jià),我國(guó)希望與其他國(guó)家進(jìn)行人力資源合作.我國(guó)輸出勞動(dòng)力,緩解其他國(guó)家勞動(dòng)力緊張的形勢(shì).5 我國(guó)旅游資源豐富,主要旅游點(diǎn)有尼羅河源頭、伊麗莎白國(guó)家公園和基代坡河谷國(guó)家公園等。希望吸引有意向的國(guó)家來(lái)進(jìn)行旅游業(yè)的共同開發(fā).6 我國(guó)水能和電能充沛,對(duì)于資源緊張的國(guó)家可以提供這方面的資源.7 烏干達(dá)擁有豐富的水資源和水產(chǎn)資源。但因缺乏現(xiàn)代化的捕撈設(shè)備及保

4、鮮和儲(chǔ)藏技術(shù)，捕魚量很低?，F(xiàn)在迫切需要與別國(guó)進(jìn)行合作.總之，在當(dāng)前的資源形勢(shì)和國(guó)際安全形勢(shì)下，我們?nèi)孕枨逍训卣J(rèn)識(shí)到，展開資源開發(fā)的多邊合作目前仍面臨著諸多困難和挑戰(zhàn)。由于各國(guó)出于本國(guó)利益的考慮，對(duì)技術(shù)，資源開采范圍，資源開發(fā)權(quán)力均有所保留。因此，現(xiàn)階段的資源開發(fā)中的多邊合作，具有參與國(guó)家少，合作范圍小，計(jì)劃時(shí)間短的特點(diǎn)，并未在全球完全普及。但是，隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的深入，作為經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展源動(dòng)力的資源，它的開發(fā)必將在全球范圍內(nèi)有著多邊合作的趨勢(shì)，資源開發(fā)中多邊合作的前景將是美好的。Representative: Caiyin XuQiuyuanSchool:Su Zhou UniversityCount

5、ry: UgandaCommittee:Issues: multilateral cooperation in resources developmentUganda is very dependent on natural resource exports, especially coffee, cotton, tobacco, tea, fish. Now is the golden age of economic development in Uganda, the Ugandan Government to make every effort in this golden age of

6、 opportunity and has opened a number of preferential policies for foreign financing, welcomed the development of the capital,RENAMO early 1986, after the ruling, the implementation of practical, sound economic development policies, actively carry out restructuring, priority to the development of agr

7、iculture, consolidation state enterprises, to foster the private economy, promote free trade and other measures. However, international oil prices, main export products such as coffee prices are low, sent troops to Congo causing excessive military spending and other factors, Ukraine is still lower t

8、han expected growth rate of economic growth rate. Uganda has the following recommendations:1. China's current oil and gas in great demand, most dependent on imports, China signed an agreement with the Member States hopes, the laying of oil and gas pipelines to provide oil and gas resources.2. Ch

9、ina's agricultural products are abundant, but due to the long colonial rule of the irrational international economic order to sell cheap raw material products, the production development is difficult. China eager to improve processing capacity. . In this regard, may be the way to joint venture o

10、perations, according to local conditions, a joint venture company. Processed products, not only sold in the local market and can be sold to a third country, so that bilateral trade can be put into the multilateral trade.3. Exploration will provide investors with China's aviation-related informat

11、ion to facilitate investors to Ukraine for development of mineral resources, processing and production. Government to promote the development of their mining laws enacted and measures will also provide legal protection of investors and policy support.4. China's abundant human resources. Cheap, o

12、f hope and human resources cooperation of other countries.5. China's rich tourism resources, the main tourist spots are the source of the Nile, Queen Elizabeth National Park and the base on behalf of the slope Valley National Park. Countries hope to attract the intention to carry out joint devel

13、opment of tourism. In short, in the current resource situation and international security situation, we need to clearly understand, expand multilateral cooperation in resources development is still facing many difficulties and challenges. Therefore, at this stage of multilateral cooperation in resources development,the scope of cooperation is small, the characteristics of the short planning time, not entirely popular in the world. However, with the deepeni