專題—英語(yǔ)中的固定句式

1、課程信息年級(jí)初三學(xué)科英語(yǔ)版本上海牛津版內(nèi)容標(biāo)題寒假專題一編稿老師鄭月【本講教育信息】一. 教學(xué)內(nèi)容：寒假專題一學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程英語(yǔ)中的固定句式一 .It takes sb. some time (mon ey)to do sth.某人花費(fèi)多少時(shí)間(金錢)做某事。例如：1. It ofte n takes me half an hour to watch TV every eve ning.每天晚上我常常用半小時(shí)看電視。2. It took me ten yua n to buy the book last week.上周我花了 10元買那本書。3. How long will it take them

2、 to finish the work?完成那項(xiàng)工作需要花費(fèi)他們多少時(shí)間？使用該句式要注意的是：sb.如果代詞表示用賓格；take隨時(shí)態(tài)改變；句中的時(shí)間用段時(shí)間，對(duì)此提問(wèn)用how long。例: It takes us more than two hours to do our homework every day.It took us more tha n two hours to do our homework yesterday.It will take us more than two hours to do our homework tomorrow.How long did it

3、take you to do your homework yesterday?二. It ' s time to do st該做某事了同義句為：It ' s time for sth. / doing sth.例: It ' s time toogto school. 該上學(xué)了。 (It ' s time for school.)It ' s time to get u該起床了。 (It ' s time for getting up.)此句可以擴(kuò)展為：It ' s time for sb. to do sth.是某人做某事的時(shí)間了。fo

4、r sb. to do sth.是動(dòng)詞不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。例：It ' s time for me to work.到我工作的時(shí)間了。It ' s time for you to go to school.到你們上學(xué)的時(shí)間了。三. 主語(yǔ)+be(not)+adj. +enough to do sth.(某人、某物)足夠(不能)做某事。例：The boy is old eno ugh to go to school.這個(gè)孩子到了上學(xué)年齡。I ' m tall eno ugh to reach the top of the tree.我夠高能夠到樹(shù)頂。此句是肯定句時(shí)，可以用主+

5、be +so+ adj.+ that的句型(即sothat 表示的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從 句來(lái)替換。The boy is so old that he can go to school.I ' m so tall that I can reach the top of the tree.此句是否認(rèn)句時(shí)，既可以用sothat 引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句來(lái)替換，還可以用tooto句式替換。例：He is not old enough to go to work.他太小不能去上班。He is so young that he can't go to work.He is too young to go

6、to work. 再如：The box is not light enough for me to carry.這個(gè)箱子太重我搬不動(dòng)。The box is too heavy for me to carry.The box is so heavy that I can't carry it.四. sb. +be ready + to do sth. 某人樂(lè)意做某事 He is always ready to help others.他總是樂(lè)于幫助別人。I ' m always ready to make new friends. 我總是樂(lè)于結(jié)交新朋友。五. It 's

7、+adj. + for / of sb. to do sth.對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)做某事例：It ' s dangerous for children to play football in the street. 對(duì)孩子來(lái)說(shuō)在街上踢足球是很危險(xiǎn)的。It ' s good for us to take more exercise.對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)多運(yùn)動(dòng)是有益的。It ' s very kind of you to say so.你這樣說(shuō)真是太好了。It ' s very kind oyofu to help me.你真好 ，肯幫我。該句式中，引導(dǎo)動(dòng)詞不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)的介詞用fo

8、r還是of,主要取決于前面的形容詞。如果形容詞是描述動(dòng)詞不定式的行為者的性格、品質(zhì)的。如： kind， good， nice， wrong， right， clever, careless, foolish等，應(yīng)用of;如果形容詞僅僅是描述事物，不是對(duì)動(dòng)詞不定式的行為者的品質(zhì)進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)的 ，就用 for. 常見(jiàn)這類形容詞有 difficult， easy， hard， important， dangerous 等。It's wrong of you to do it.你做這件事是錯(cuò)的。It ' s hard for you to be a lawyer.對(duì)你來(lái)說(shuō)做律師很困難。六.

9、 主 +would like /love to do sth.喜歡想做某事I'd like to go there with you.我很想和你一起去那。I'd love I like to help you study English.我很愿意幫你學(xué)英語(yǔ)。此句式還可以擴(kuò)展為：would like / love sb. to do sth.“喜歡 /想讓某人做某事。 I ' d like you to stay here. 我想讓你留在這。I ' d like them to help me. 我想讓他們幫助我。七. had better do sth.最好做

10、It 's very cold outside, you'd better put on your coat.外面很冷，你最好穿上大衣。We' d better go right now.我們最好馬上去。had better do 的否認(rèn)式為had better not do.在 better 后加 not 即可例: You'd better not speak when your mouth is full of food.滿嘴食物時(shí)你最好別講話。八. Why don ' t you動(dòng)詞原形+? Why not+動(dòng)詞原形?你為什么不?This book

11、 is a bit hard, why not read something easier?這本書有點(diǎn)難，為什么不讀些容易的？It ' s warm here, why dotnyou ta'ke off your coat? 這很暖和，你為什么不脫掉外衣？There is a seat, why not sit down?還有座位，怎么不坐下？九. Would / Will / Could you please + 動(dòng)詞原形 + ？請(qǐng)你好嗎？用來(lái)請(qǐng)求對(duì)方為自己做某件事Would you please bring some water with you?請(qǐng)你帶點(diǎn)水來(lái)好嗎？Wil

12、l you please help her with her maths?請(qǐng)你幫她學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)好嗎？十. prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.寧愿也不愿I prefer to stay at home rather than go out. 我寧愿呆在家里，也不愿出去。She prefers to be poor rather than get money in such a way. 她寧愿受窮也不愿以這種方式掙錢。十一 . It ' s one ' s turn to do sth.該輪到誰(shuí)做某事了。one'用形容詞性物主代詞或名詞所

13、有格來(lái)替換。例：It ' s my turn to be on duty.該輪到我值日了。It ' s Li Ping ' s turn to clean the blackboard.該輪到李平擦黑板了。It ' s our turn to do the cleaning. 該輪到我們做大掃除了。It ' s Danny ' s turn to give a talk. 該輪到Danny做報(bào)告了。十二.主語(yǔ)+be+形容詞+to do sth.做某事如何。例:I ' m sorry to hear that聽(tīng)到這事我很難過(guò)。I '

14、 m glad to see you again.再次見(jiàn)到你我很快樂(lè)?！灸M試題】答題時(shí)間：40分鐘、綜合閱讀Dear Kno wledgeable,My best friend, Mei, has a problem. There is a really importa nt En glish speech con test forour whole city next mon th. Our classmates want her to (A)the class in the schoolcon test. (B)Everyone is sure she will win. It '

15、; s probabtyje. Mei is very clever, and can speak En glish really well. I n fact, (C) she always comes top in the school exams. The problem is that she ' s very shy. (D她不想讓她的朋友失望，(E)but s he' s terrified of speaking in front of otherpeople. She is my friend, so she can tell me that she'

16、s shy. But she can ' t tell every one that. I dthink they would believe her. I can' t think of any good advice tobWowaiways comeup with g ood solutions to people' s pWobtemto you think I should tell Mei? What do you think I should tell the rest of the students?1. 在(A)處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~語(yǔ)： 2. 將畫線局部

17、(B)改寫成： Every one she will wi n.3. 將畫線局部(C)譯成漢語(yǔ)： 4. 將畫線局部(D)譯成英語(yǔ)：5. 將畫線局部(E)改寫成： but she ' s speak in front of otherpeople.6. 將畫線局部(F)譯成漢語(yǔ)：BIf you an swered _c_ for most questi ons, the n you are probably pretty con fide nt. (A)SociaJsituations don ' t bother you in the sligYestknow what you

18、 want, and you know how to get it. (B)Sometimes you might annoy people because you ' re so con fide nt.If you an swered _a_ for most questi ons, you are outgo ing and fairly con fide nt. You have plenty of friends, and (C)you enjoy the company of other people. People come to you when they want a

19、dvice. Your friends would probably say that (D) 你容易相處 .If most of your answers were _b_ , you are probably a shy person. (E)You like talking to one or two people rather tha n to a group. You would also rather stay at home and read a book (F)go to a party. You have a small circle of very good friends

20、. Your friends would probably say (G)你是一位好的聽(tīng)眾 .1. 將畫線局部A改寫成：Social situations don' t bother you.2. 將畫線局部B改寫成：you might annoy people3. 將畫線局部C譯成漢語(yǔ)： 4. 將畫線局部D譯成英語(yǔ)：5. 將畫線局部E譯成漢語(yǔ)：6. 在F處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~語(yǔ)： 7. 將畫線局部G譯成英語(yǔ)： 二、選詞填空Asometime likely come remember way dot once hun dred circli ng at last have(1) there

21、 was no zero .To write the nu mber sixty-three people wrote 63.To write six (2) and three, people wrote 6 3.The space was there to mean not any tens .(3) people did not remember the space .It was hard to see and to read.Later people used a (4) to hold the space .Six hun dred and three looked (5) thi

22、s 6 3.But thedot was hard to see .So people put a (6) around it like this 6 O 3.The n people could see the dot. They remembered the space.(7) only the circle around the dot was used .It was like a zero. This is one story of how the zero (8) to be used.Now zero (9) many importa nt uses. Zero tells ho

23、w many .Ca n you tell some other (10) zero isused?Bdecide about many much might few little serious what schoolwork spe nd fiftee n-year-oldMany tee nagers have hobbies. But sometimes hobbies can get in the way of 1, pare nts2worry about their child' s success at school. Teenagers often thinklthb

24、e allowed topractice their hobbies as 3as they want. Do you agree?Liu Yu, a 4stude nt from Shandon g, is a running star. He wan ted to be a professi onalathlete. However, his parents won' t allow him to train as much as he would like to. But Liu Ysaid “ I think I should be allowed to make 5for m

25、yself, my pare nts have always taught methe importanee of working hard and not just to do 6 I enjoy. But I'm about running.Being a professi onal runner is the only thing I have ever to do. But their pare nts said,understand that 8people can become professional athletes. It' s a difficult dre

26、am to achieve. Wthink he n eeds to 9time on his home work.But Liu Yu disagrees."I know my ParerHQme, but they are always talk ing aboutwhat will happen if I don' t succeed. But I will succeed! I think I should be allowed to make thisdecisi on for myself. Only the n will I have a cha nee of

27、achievi ng my dream.三、完形填空The 1day,my friends and I talked about the 2that we have in school.At our school, we 3 to wear uniforms every day. The problem is that all myclassmates think the uni forms are ugly. We think young people should look smart and so we would like to wear our own clothes. Our te

28、achers believe that if we did that, we would concen trate more 4our clothes tha n our studies. We disagree. We would feel more comfortable andthat is good 5study ing .if we can 'do that, we should be 6to desig nour own uni forms. That would be a good way to keep 7teachers and stude nts happy.It&

29、#39;s also probably a good idea for parents to allow teenagers to study in groups during the evening. I know we get noisy sometimes, but we learn a lot8each other. We alsothink that vacati ons should be Ionger.9 prese nt they 're too short. Lon ger vacati onswould give us time to do things like volunteering. Last summer I had an 10 tovolun teer at the local hospital, but I c