人教版高中英語(yǔ)必修5Unit5Firstaid知識(shí)點(diǎn)學(xué)案

1、Unit 5 First aid【學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)】掌握本單元的常用詞匯表達(dá)?！緦W(xué)習(xí)重難點(diǎn)】熟練記住常用詞匯與詞組?！緦W(xué)習(xí)方法】速讀、細(xì)讀、歸納、練習(xí)【學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容】二重點(diǎn)詞匯1. aid n. & vt.幫助；援助；資助（回歸課本 P33）First aid is a temporary form of help given to someone who suddenly falls 川 or gets injured before a doctor can be found.急救就是在找到醫(yī)生之前對(duì)突然生病或受傷的人給予臨時(shí)性的幫助。歸納拓展（牛津 P42）This job would be

2、impossible without the aid of a computer.這項(xiàng)工作不用計(jì)算機(jī)是不行的。（牛津 P42）One of the staff saw he was in difficulty and came to his aid + helped him）.一名工作人員見他有困難，便過(guò)來(lái)幫忙。例句探源We are collecting money in aid of the people who have lost their homes in Sichuan Earthquake.我們正集資以資助那些在四川地震中失去家園的人。 I aided the poor girl

3、in continuing her study.我?guī)椭@可憐的女孩繼續(xù)她的學(xué)業(yè)。即境活用1. 完成句子（1）在英語(yǔ)老師的幫助下，這學(xué)期我們已經(jīng)取得了巨大的進(jìn)步。our English teacherwe have made great progress thisterm.答案：With the aid of當(dāng)我身陷困境時(shí)，我所有的朋友都來(lái)幫助我。When I was in trouble, all my friends答案：came to my aid2. vital adj. 至關(guān)重要的；生死攸關(guān)的（回歸課本 P35）If the injuries are second or third d

4、egree burns it is vital to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once.如果是二度或者三度燒傷，至關(guān)重要的是把傷者立刻送去看醫(yī)生或送往醫(yī)院。歸納拓展（牛津 P224S）It is vital that you keep accuraic records when you arc self employed.干個(gè)體記賬要準(zhǔn)確是十分重要的。（牛津 P2248）Reading is of vital importance in language learning.閱讀在語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)中至關(guān)重要。©Considerat

5、ion for other people is vital to all of us.對(duì)我們所有人而言體諒別人是極其重要的。例句探源2.完成句子依我看來(lái)，理查德對(duì)本隊(duì)的成功起了至關(guān)重要的作用。As far as I ' m concerRechard the team ' s success.答案：is vital to（2）我們應(yīng)立即開始手術(shù)，因?yàn)檫@是生死攸關(guān)的。It ' s vital that we the operation immediately.答案：（should） carry out3. treat vt. & vi. 治療；對(duì)待；款待n.款待；

6、招待（回歸課本 P38）John used these to treat the most severe injuries to MSlade ' s hands. 約翰用這些東西處理斯萊德女士手上最嚴(yán)重的傷口。歸納拓展（牛津 P2154）I decided to treat his remark as a joke.我決定把他的話當(dāng)作戲言。 （天津高考）We treated each other as brothers and sisters.我們把彼此看作兄弟姐妹。 （牛津P2154）Don t worry about the cos t I ll treat you.別擔(dān)心費(fèi)用，

7、我請(qǐng)客。例句探源 He is seriously ill， and is being treated in hospital now.他病得很重，現(xiàn)在在醫(yī)院接受治療。 Let s go out for dinnermy treat this time.咱們出去吃飯吧！ 這次我請(qǐng)客。3 Although her relatives didn t think she could live for three ，mothnethosld doctor finally her of her disease.A curedB operatedC treatedD served解析：選 Ao cure s

8、b. of a disease臺(tái)愈某人的病，還可以表達(dá)為 cure sb或 cure the disease treat sb. for a disease臺(tái)療某人的病。4. apply v.應(yīng)用；運(yùn)用；中請(qǐng)；請(qǐng)求（回歸課本P38）He slowed the bleeding by applying pressure to the wounds until the police andambulance arrived.他使勁地按住傷口，使血流得慢些，一直等到警察和救護(hù)車的到來(lái)。歸納拓展 （朗文 P82）I applied to four colleges and was accepted b

9、y all of them.我申請(qǐng)了4 所大學(xué)，全都錄取了我。 I would like to apply to become an assistant in your company.我想申請(qǐng)成為你們公司的助理。例句探源 I have been out of work for half a year， so I want to apply for a job in this company.我已經(jīng)失業(yè)半年了，所以想在這家公司申請(qǐng)一份工作。 What you said doesn t apply to me.你所說(shuō)的并不適合我。4 （2009 年高考浙江卷）The good thing abo

10、ut children is that theyvery easily to newenvironments.A adaptB appealD applyC attach解析：選Ao句意：作為孩子的好處是他們很容易適應(yīng)新環(huán)境。adapt to為固定短語(yǔ)，意為 “適應(yīng) ”。即境活用 5 What should I do? Clean the wound and the medicine to it.A applyB devoteC PourD squeeze解析：選 A。由 Clean the wound 及 the medicine可知應(yīng)該敷（apply）藥。devote奉獻(xiàn)；pour 倒；s

11、queeze。、重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1 in place 在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢茫贿m當(dāng)（回歸課本P35）Hold the bandage in place with tape.用膠布把繃帶固定。歸納拓展 （牛津P1507）All the arrangements are now in place for their visit.他們來(lái)訪的一切都安排就緒了。 You may read any book on the shelf on condition that you promise to put the book in place.只要你保證把書放回原處，書架上的書你可以隨意看。 （牛津P1507）I felt

12、completely out of place among all these successful people.夾在這些事業(yè)有成的人中間，我覺得格格不入。例句探源 6.用place的短語(yǔ)填空：（1）Don t take anythinagway. Father likes everything to be .答案：in place（2）Sending email has almost writing letters.答案：taken the place of(3)If I had been ， I might have accepted the invitation.答案： in your

13、 place2 make a difference 區(qū)別對(duì)待；有影響；起(重要)作用(回歸課本P38)It shows that a knowledge of first aid can make a real difference.這說(shuō)明了急救知識(shí)的確能發(fā)揮重要的作用。歸納拓展 (牛津P553)Your age shouldn t make any difference to whether you get the job or not.你能否得到這個(gè)工作與年齡無(wú)關(guān)。 (牛津P553)I don t think it makes a lot of difference what colour

14、 it is.我認(rèn)為顏色無(wú)關(guān)緊要。 It isn t what youvehadone but what you will do that makes a difference.重要的不是你做了什么而是你將要做什么。例句探源 The twins are so alike， it s difficult to tell the difference.這對(duì)雙胞胎長(zhǎng)得太像了，很難分出誰(shuí)是誰(shuí)。即境活用7完成句子(1)現(xiàn)在他們非常需要幫助，因此你的幫助當(dāng)然意義重大。They are now in great need of help. So your support will certainly 答案：

15、 make a difference(2)她來(lái)不來(lái)參加我們的聚會(huì)有什么關(guān)系嗎？Does it she will come to our party?答案： make any difference whether (3)生活在大城市與生活在鄉(xiāng)村有許多不同。There are many living in a big city living in the countryside.答案： differences between； and三、句型梳理1 【教材原句】Remove clothing using scissorsif necessary unless it is stuck to theb

16、urn.（P34）除非衣服緊貼在燒傷面上，否則都要把衣服脫掉。如果需要的話，可以使用剪刀?！揪浞ǚ治觥浚?）unless是連詞，意為 除非，如果不”，引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)肯定條件狀語(yǔ)從句，從句有時(shí)可以與if.not.引導(dǎo)的否定狀語(yǔ)從句互換。 （牛津P2207）Unless something unexpected happe，nsI ll see you tomorrow.如果不出意外，我明天去看你。 （2009 年高考四川卷）Owen wouldn t eat anything unless he cooked it himself.歐文只吃他自己做的飯菜。 We will have a picni

17、c in the park this Sunday unless it rainsor it s very cold.除非下雨或天很冷，我們將在本周日去公園野餐。（2）stick toa.粘在之上 A piece of chewing gum stuck to my shoe.一片口香糖粘在了我的鞋上。b.堅(jiān)持He always sticks to his promise他總是堅(jiān)守自己的諾言。 If you stick to the truth， you ve nothing to fear.你要是堅(jiān)持真理就可以無(wú)所畏懼。8 （2010 年高考課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷）The little boy won

18、tgo to sleep his mother tells him astory.A orB unlessC butD whether解析： 選B。 句意： 除非媽媽給他講故事，否則小男孩就不去睡覺。本題考查連詞。or 或者，否則；unless除非；but但，除之外；whether是否。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，這里用 unless表示除非否則”。 即境活用 9 Once a decision has been mad， e all of us should it.A direct toB stick toC lead toD refer to解析：選Bo stick to堅(jiān)持；lead to導(dǎo)致；ref

19、er to參考，查閱。句意：一旦做出決定，我們都 應(yīng)該堅(jiān)持它。2 【 教材原句】If burns are on arms or legs， keep them higher than the hear，t if possible. (P35)如果燒傷的部位在臂部或腿部，盡可能把手臂或腿抬到高于心臟的位置?！揪浞ǚ治觥縤f possible如果可能的話，是if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從何的省略形式，相當(dāng)于if itis possible。 If possible， we d like a table in a private room.如果可能的話，我們希望要一張包間的餐桌。 If possible， t

20、ry to speak English as often as you can.如果可能的話，盡可能經(jīng)常地講英語(yǔ)。 歸納拓展 Will you be free this evening？ If so， let s go to the concert together.你今晚有空嗎？如果有，我們一起去聽音樂會(huì)吧。 Is anybody feeling cold？ If not， let s open the windows.有人感到冷嗎？如果沒有的話，我們把窗戶打開。 If necessary， I will go there myself.如果必要的話，我將親自去那兒一趟。10 Have yo

21、u got any particular plans for the coming holiday? Yes， ， I m going to visit some homes for the old in the city.A if everB if busyC if anythingD if possible解析：選Do旬意：有的，如果有可能的話我想去拜訪城市的養(yǎng)老院。 即境活用 11 I hear Alice was badly injured in the accident and sent to hospital. ， we should go and see her immediat

22、ely.A If soB When necessaryC On condition thatD Believe it or not解析：選A?？疾槭÷?。句意：一一我聽說(shuō)Alice在事故中受傷嚴(yán)重，并且被送進(jìn)了醫(yī)院。如果是那樣的話，我們應(yīng)該馬上去看她。If so表示 如果這(那)樣的話”；Whennecessary表示 有必要時(shí) ”；On condition that 表示 如果 ”；Believe it or not 表示 信不信由你 ”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)意可知選A 項(xiàng)。3【教材原句】John was studying in his room when he heard screaming.(P38)約

23、翰正在房間里學(xué)習(xí)，突然聽到一聲尖叫?！揪浞ǚ治觥?when在此句中意為這時(shí)，突然”，相當(dāng)于at this/that time,常用于以下結(jié)構(gòu)中：be doing.when.正在這時(shí)be about to dowhen.正打算做這時(shí)be just going to dowhen.正要這時(shí)had just donewhen.剛做了這時(shí)be on the point of doingwhen.正要這時(shí) We were about to leave when a big noise came from the next room.我們正要離開時(shí)隔壁發(fā)出了巨大的響聲。 We were discussin

24、g the problem when there was a power failu瞰們正在討論那個(gè)問題， 這時(shí)停電了。 I was on the point of calling him when he came in.我正要給他打電話，這時(shí)他進(jìn)來(lái)了。12 She opened her eyes with a start and was about to cryshe heard her father urgentlytelling her to keep quiet.A whileB whenC beforeD after解析：選B。句意：她猛地睜開眼睛，剛要哭，這時(shí)她聽到她父親急忙告訴她

25、要保持安靜。be about to do sth.when.為固定句型，其中的.when 為并列連詞，相當(dāng)于and at that time。 即境活用 13 Where s that report? I brought it to youyou were in Mr. Black s office yesterday.A ifB whenC becauseD before解析：選Bo旬意：那份報(bào)告在哪里？ ”咋天在布萊克先生辦公室的時(shí)候我給你了?！备鶕?jù)句意判斷，此處應(yīng)為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，故選when。14 There were some chairs left over everyone had s

26、at down.A whenB untilC thatD where解析：選A。句意：雖然所有人都坐下了，但還有一些椅子剩下。when放在句中時(shí)有even though 之意。四、作文指導(dǎo)應(yīng)用文(例：書信類)【體裁導(dǎo)航】英文書信一般分為商業(yè)信函(Business Letters)和私人書信(Personal Letters)兩種，而高考書面表達(dá)一般都是要求寫私人書信。英文書信格式與中文書信格式有許多不同，它包括五部分，即信頭 .稱呼.正文.結(jié)束語(yǔ)和簽名，具體如下：1信頭：寄信人的地址和寫信日期，寫在信的右上角。注意英語(yǔ)中地名的寫法與中文不同，要從小到大；日期的寫法也與中文不同，不是寫在簽名之下

27、，而是寫在寄信人的地址之下。習(xí)慣上人們采用美式英語(yǔ)表達(dá)，即月.日 .年，月 .日與年之間用逗號(hào)隔開，月份盡量不要縮寫，如 June 8,2007；而英式英語(yǔ)表達(dá)則為日.月 .年，中間不用逗號(hào)隔開，如8 June 2007。2 .稱呼：自成一行，頂格寫。稱呼語(yǔ)常用： Dear Sir/Madam/Manager/Editor/friends/Bob,稱呼之后一般用逗號(hào)。3 .正文：信件的主體部分即為信的正文。正文寫在稱呼的下一行，與 Dear后第一個(gè)單詞對(duì)齊。正文通常包括三部分，即開頭.目的和結(jié)尾。正文的開頭語(yǔ)常用：Thank you for your lastletter asking abo

28、ut.； I' m glad to.a.正文的結(jié)尾語(yǔ)是正文的一部分，常常另起一行，常用的結(jié)尾有：I m looking forward to your rep；ly Thanks and all the bes；t Best wishes； Wishing you apleasant journey。4結(jié)束語(yǔ)：結(jié)束語(yǔ)與正文的結(jié)尾語(yǔ)不一樣，它要寫在結(jié)尾語(yǔ)的下一行，位于書信的右下角，后面用逗號(hào)。常用的結(jié)束語(yǔ)有：Yours sincerely/faithfully/truly ； Sincerely/Truly yours； Yours等。5簽名：簽名寫在結(jié)束語(yǔ)的下一行，與結(jié)束語(yǔ)對(duì)齊，也就是

29、簽上寫信人的名字。一封正規(guī)的私人書信格式如下：Dear David，I ve learned it from the Internet that you want to make a Chinese friend so as to learn the Chinese language and culture.I ' m looking forward to your reply. Yours sincerely,Li Hua【寫作示例】假設(shè)你叫李平，你從報(bào)上得知某公司欲招聘一名英語(yǔ)翻譯，請(qǐng)你給該公司經(jīng)理寫一封求職信,你的個(gè)人資料如下：姓名李平性別男年齡30歲畢業(yè)學(xué)校北京師范大 學(xué)身體狀

30、況健康身高1.80 米工作經(jīng)歷2000年至2003年 任教于南通中學(xué)2003年至現(xiàn)在任教于蘇州中學(xué)特長(zhǎng)技能精通英語(yǔ)，尤其是口語(yǔ)，曾將多本中文書籍譯成英語(yǔ)。業(yè)余愛好游泳.唱歌.跳舞聯(lián)系電話05128765432聯(lián)系地址蘇州市人民路1號(hào)要求：1.根據(jù)上述要點(diǎn)，寫一封求職信；2 .要點(diǎn)齊全，行文連貫；3 .詞數(shù)：150左右?！緦懽饕I(lǐng)】求職信屬于公務(wù)信函，格式和用詞比較正規(guī)。信的內(nèi)容可分為三部分：一 寫信目的；二 自我介紹；三 要求與愿望。第一部分（第1段） 為信的開頭，直截了當(dāng)?shù)靥岢鱿胍獞?yīng)聘英語(yǔ)翻譯一職，并表示出誠(chéng)意。第二部分（第2段和第3段）為自我介紹，詳細(xì)說(shuō)明自己的基本狀況.學(xué)歷.工作經(jīng)歷.特

31、長(zhǎng).愛好等。在行文.用詞上 要表現(xiàn)出自信.懇切的態(tài)度，語(yǔ)言簡(jiǎn)明扼要，突出介紹自己的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，與眾不同的特長(zhǎng)或有利 條件。還要緊扣用人單位的需求，巧用詞語(yǔ)，勇敢地說(shuō)服對(duì)方：此職位非你莫屬。第三部分（第4段和第5段）再次表明自己申請(qǐng)?jiān)摴ぷ鞯恼\(chéng)意，并可提出要求進(jìn)一步聯(lián)系的途徑，如留下電話號(hào)碼或聯(lián)系地址，還可以主動(dòng)提出接受面試或考核等。另外，信的結(jié)尾處應(yīng)表達(dá)一下希望盡快答復(fù)的心愿。注意：此文用第一人稱來(lái)寫，主體時(shí)態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)?！窘瘘c(diǎn)模板】Dear，I write this letter to apply for the position that you have advertised in（報(bào)紙名稱

32、）of（廣告發(fā)布時(shí)間）. /I am applying for the position of（ 想申請(qǐng)的職務(wù)） advertised in.I majored in（專 業(yè) ）. My training in（接 受 過(guò) 的 培 訓(xùn) ）definitely meets your qualifications. My complete resume is attached.I will graduate on（畢業(yè)時(shí)間）from（畢業(yè)院校）. In additionto the required courses of my major, I have（除專業(yè)外，選修的課程）. I alsoha

33、ve some experience in（曾 有 過(guò) 的 社 會(huì) 工 作 經(jīng) 驗(yàn) ）. You will find me tobe請(qǐng)對(duì)方對(duì)自己有信心（）.May I have a personal interview at your convenience?I can be reached by telephone. / If you need to know more about me, please feel free to contact meat any time at電話號(hào)碼（）Thank you for considering my application, and I am l

34、ooking forward to meeting you.Yours sincerely，Li Ming【范文點(diǎn)評(píng)】Dear manager， I learned from the newspaper that your company wanted to hire an English translator I ' m interested in this job very much because I have been dreaming of being a translator.Now I d like to introduce myself toyou. My name i

35、s Li Ping. I m a young man of 30, 180 cm tall and healthy. In my spare time I enjoy swimming, dancing and singing. After graduation from Beijing Normal University in 2000 as one of the most excellent students, I went to work as an English teacher in Nantong High School for three years. Since 2003, I

36、 ve been working in Suzhou High School. During my teaching career, I have made a lot of friends in various fields and developed profound friendship with each other. Im proficient in English and I ve translated many Chinese books into English.My spoken English is especially good and my foreign friend

37、s often praise me for my accent. I do hope that my qualifications and experiences meet your demands. If so, please write a letter to me or phone me. I live at No.1 Renmin Road, Suzhou City. My phone number is 0512- 8765432. I am looking forward to hearing from you soon.Yours truly,Li Ping點(diǎn)評(píng)： I learn

38、ed from the newspaper 代信息來(lái)源。dream of doing sth用得恰到好處，表明求職的誠(chéng)意。該處as one of the most excellent students突出自己的優(yōu)勢(shì)；after弓I出時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，使句式更 多樣化。介紹個(gè)人工作經(jīng)歷，并根據(jù)所申請(qǐng)工作的特點(diǎn)，突出自己善于交際的能力。通過(guò)適當(dāng)?shù)靥砑蛹?xì)節(jié)，說(shuō)明自己擅長(zhǎng)英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)。用助動(dòng)詞do表強(qiáng)調(diào)，充分表現(xiàn)出想得到這份工作的急迫心情。以書信中的常用句式收尾，規(guī)范得體。【類題嘗試】 閱讀下面一則廣告，按要求完成寫作任務(wù)。EIL International English Summer CampVoluntee

39、r WantedEIL was founded in Britain in 1936 with the fundamental aim ofnternational understandingLearn to live together by living .togetherRequirements： Over 16; good knowledge of English； outgoing； working well with children between 7 12Activities : Language study, outdoor recreation and travelCampe

40、rs : Students from different countriesCampsite: Mount Wuyi, FujianTime: July 26 August 9Application deadline: July 15, 2010 f interested, please email to info 假設(shè)你是李華，這則廣告引起了你的興趣，請(qǐng)用英文寫一封自薦信。要點(diǎn)如下：1對(duì)夏令營(yíng)主題的理解；2根據(jù)招聘要求自我介紹；3參加夏令營(yíng)的目的。注意：1.信的開頭和結(jié)尾已為你寫好，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)；2詞數(shù)100 左右。Dear Sir，I m Li Hua from Fji

41、uan.I am looking forward to your early reply.Sincerely yours，Li HuaOne possible version：Dear Sir，I m Li Hua fromFujian. When I was reading the advertisement, the aim of this activity impressed me greatly. I think it instructive to learn to live together by living together. It is a good opportunity f

42、or the only child like me to learn to share and work together. Therefore I recommend myself to you without hesitation.As a boy of 17, I am outgoing, good at English and have experience of working well with children aged from 7 to 12.I think it is a kind of win-win activity. For one thing, I can help

43、 take care of the children. For another thing, I can improve my English, make more friends, and enrich my life during the summer vacation.I am looking forward to your early reply.Sincerely yours，Li Hua【達(dá)標(biāo)檢測(cè)】、重點(diǎn)詞匯1 Everybody was informed that his wedding (典禮)would be held in the beautiful park next Sunday.2 As we all know， a fever is a 癥狀() of illness.3 Due to lack of (治療)， some patients rescued from the ruins died soon.4 The difficulty is (臨時(shí)的)so we should be optimistic.5 The burning plastic gave off (有毒的)gas， which is harmful to our health.6 He was (受傷)seriously