煤炭科技名詞英語(yǔ)

1、煤炭科技名詞英語(yǔ)1礦山壓力與巖層控制礦山壓力：rock pressure 礦山壓力顯現(xiàn)：strata behaviors原巖體：virgin rock mass 圍巖：surrounding rock 原巖應(yīng)力：initial stress 采動(dòng)應(yīng)力：mining-induced stress應(yīng)力增高區(qū)：stress-concentrated area 應(yīng)力降低區(qū)：stress-relaxed area疊加應(yīng)力：superimposed stress 自重應(yīng)力：gravity stress構(gòu)造應(yīng)力：tectonic stress 支承壓力：abutment pressure前支承壓力：fron

2、t abutment pressure 后支承壓力：rear abutment pressure側(cè)支承壓力：又稱殘余支承壓力 side abutment pressure松動(dòng)壓力：broken-rock pressure 變形壓力：rock deformation pressure頂板：roof 底板：floor 偽頂：false roof 直接頂：immediate roof基本頂：main roof 頂板穩(wěn)定性：roof stability堅(jiān)硬巖層：hard stratum 松軟巖層：soft stratum破碎頂板：fractured roof 人工頂板：artificial roof

3、再生頂板：regenerated roof 上覆巖層：overlying strata離層：bed separation 自然平衡拱：冒落拱，壓力拱 nature arch原生裂隙：initial fissure 構(gòu)造裂隙：tectonic fissure采動(dòng)裂隙：mining-induced fissure 巖石軟化系數(shù)：softening factor of rock普氏系數(shù)：Protodyakonov coefficient 巖石凝聚力：rock cohesion巖石內(nèi)摩擦角：internal friction angle of rock 巖層控制：strata control頂板控制：

4、roof control 跨落法：caving method充填法：stowing method 緩慢下沉法：gradual sagging method煤柱支撐法：pillar supporting method 回柱：prop drawing放頂：caving the roof 初次放頂：initial caving強(qiáng)制放頂：forced caving 控頂距：face width放頂距：caving interval 端面距：tip-to-face distance冒頂：roof fall 頂板破碎度：roof flaking ratio局部冒頂：partial roof fall 區(qū)域

5、性切冒：extensive roof collapse壓垮型冒頂：crush roof fall 推跨型冒頂：thrust roof fall端面冒頂：roof flaking 漏頂：face roof collapse with caving片幫：rib spalling，sloughing 頂板跨落：roof caving頂板跨落角：roof caving angle 不規(guī)則跨落帶：irregularly caving zone規(guī)則跨落帶：regularly caving zone 巖石碎脹系數(shù)：bulking factor,swell factor跨采比：caving-height ra

6、tio 頂板壓力：roof pressure 初次來(lái)壓：first weighting 周期來(lái)壓：periodic weighting動(dòng)載系數(shù)：dynamic load coefficient 頂?shù)装逡平浚篺loor-to-roof convergence頂?shù)装逡平剩篺loor-to-roof convergence ratio 頂板回彈：roof rebound頂板臺(tái)階下沉：roof step 頂板弱化：roof weakening底臌：floor heave 沖擊地壓：rock burst, pressure bump礦震：shock bump 恒阻支柱：yielding prop增阻

7、支柱：late bearing prop 摩擦支柱：frictional prop單體液壓支柱：hydraulic prop 特種支柱：specific prop支垛：crib 十字頂梁：cross bar滑移頂梁支架：slipping bar composite support柔性掩護(hù)支架：flexible shield support 氣囊支架：air-bag support支柱密度：prop density 初撐力：setting load初撐力強(qiáng)度：setting load density 工作阻力：yield load, working resistance有效支撐能力：practi

8、cal supporting capacity支護(hù)強(qiáng)度：supporting intensity支護(hù)剛度：supporting rigidity 支撐效率：supporting efficiency支架可縮量：nominal yield of support 底板載荷集度：floor load intensity圍巖穩(wěn)定性：圍巖自撐能力 stability of surrounding rock靜壓巷道：workings subject to static pressure動(dòng)壓巷道：workings subject to dynamic pressure巷道斷面縮小率：roadway redu

9、ction ratio 無(wú)煤柱護(hù)巷：non-chain-pillar entry protection沿空巷道：gob-side entry 沿空掘巷：gob-side entry driving沿空留巷：gob-side entry retaining錨梁網(wǎng)支護(hù)：roof bolting with bar and wire mesh巷旁支護(hù)：roadside support 巷旁充填：roadside packing矸石帶：waste pack, strip pack 架后充填：backfill挑頂：roof ripping 挖底：floor dinting2.煤礦開采開采沉陷：mining

10、 subsidence 跨落帶：caving zone斷裂帶：fractured zone 彎曲帶：sagging zone巖層移動(dòng)：strata movement 地表移動(dòng)：surface movement, ground movement地表移動(dòng)盆地：subsidence basin 充分采動(dòng)：full subsidence非充分采動(dòng)：subcritical extraction 導(dǎo)水?dāng)嗔褞В簑ater conducted zone防水煤巖柱：safety pillar under water-bodies煤層等厚線圖：isothickness map of coal seam煤層等深線圖

11、：isobath map of coal seam 三量：Three Class of Reserves開拓煤量：developed reserves 準(zhǔn)備煤量：prepared reserves回采煤量：workable reserves 采出率：recovery ratio損失率：loss percentage礦井建設(shè)：mine construction 井巷工程：shaft sinking and drifting立井：shaft 斜井：inclined shaft, incline平硐：adit 主井：main shaft副井：auxiliary shaft 箕斗井：skip shaf

12、t罐籠井：cage shaft 風(fēng)井：ventilating shaft, air shaft 矸石井：waste shaft 馬頭門：ingate井底車場(chǎng)：pit bottom, shaft bottom 硐室：room, chamber井底煤倉(cāng)：shaft coal pocket 水倉(cāng)：sump井下充電室：underground battery-charging room井下主變電硐室：underground central substation roon井下調(diào)度室：underground control room, pit-bottom dispatching room環(huán)形式井底車場(chǎng)：l

13、oop-type pit bottom折返式井底車場(chǎng)：zigzag-type pit bottom 井下等候室：pit-bottom waiting room躲避硐：manhole, refuge pocket 巷道：drift, roadway水平巷道：drift, entry 傾斜巷道：inclined drift煤巷：coal drift 巖巷：rock drift人行道：pedestrian way, sidewalk 井巷掘進(jìn)：shaft and drift excavation 井巷施工：sinking and drifting全斷面掘進(jìn)法：full-face excavating

14、 method 獨(dú)頭掘進(jìn)：blind heading單工作面掘進(jìn)：single heading 多工作面掘進(jìn)：multiple heading凈斷面：net section, clear section 掘進(jìn)斷面：excavated section支架：support, timber 金屬支架：metal support, steel support磚石支架：masonry support 混凝土支架：concrete support鋼筋混凝土支架：reinforced-concrete support混合支架：composite support可縮性支架：yieldable support,

15、 compressible support剛性支架：rigid support 完全支架：full support不完全支架：non-full support 梯形支架：ladder-shaped support矩形支架：rectangle support 拱形支架：arch support馬蹄形支架：U-shaped support 圓形支架：circular support半圓拱：semi-circular arch 支護(hù)：supporting井巷支護(hù)：shaft and drift supporting 臨時(shí)支護(hù)：temporary supporting永久支護(hù)：permanent su

16、pporting 超前支護(hù)：forepoling, advance timbering聯(lián)合支護(hù)：combined supporting 錨桿：rockbolt bolt錨桿支護(hù)：bolt supporting 噴漿支護(hù)：gunite, guniting噴混凝土支護(hù)：shotcreting 錨噴支護(hù)：bolting and shotcreting 錨網(wǎng)支護(hù)：bolting with wire mesh錨噴網(wǎng)支護(hù)：bolting and shotcreting with wire mesh礦區(qū)規(guī)模：mining area capacity 井田邊界：mine field boundary井田尺寸：

17、mine field size 礦井井型：production scale of mine薄煤層：thin seam 中厚煤層：medium-thick seam厚煤層：thick seam 近水平煤層：flat seam緩斜煤層：gently inclined seam 中斜煤層：inclined seam急斜煤層：steeply pitching seam, steep seam 近距離煤層：contiguous seams礦井可行性研究：mine feasibility study 礦井設(shè)計(jì)：mine design礦井初步設(shè)計(jì)：preliminary mine design 礦井施工設(shè)計(jì)

18、：mine construction design礦井設(shè)計(jì)儲(chǔ)量：designed mine reserves 礦井可采儲(chǔ)量：workable mine reserves礦井設(shè)計(jì)生產(chǎn)能力：designed mine capacity 礦井服務(wù)年限：mine life礦井開拓設(shè)計(jì)：mine development design 采區(qū)設(shè)計(jì)：mining district design, panel design井田開拓：mine field development 立井開拓：vertical shaft development斜井開拓：inclined shaft development 平硐開拓：

19、adit development綜合開拓：combined development 分區(qū)域開拓：areas development階段：horizon 階段垂高：horizon interval階段斜長(zhǎng)：inclined length of horizon 開采水平：mining level, 輔助水平：subsidiary level 開采水平垂高：lift, level interval礦井延深：shaft deepening 采區(qū)準(zhǔn)備：preparation in district采區(qū)：district 分段：sublevel區(qū)段：district sublevel 分帶：strip前進(jìn)

20、式開采：advancing mining 后退式開采：retreating mining往復(fù)式開采：reciprocating mining 上行式開采：ascending mining, upward mining下行式開采：descending mining, downward mining開拓巷道：development roadway 準(zhǔn)備巷道：preparation roadway回采巷道：entry, gateway 暗井：blind shaft, staple shaft溜井：draw shaft 溜眼：chute石門：cross-cut 采區(qū)石門：district cross-

21、cut主石門：main cross-cut 大巷：main roadway運(yùn)輸大巷：main haulage roadway 單煤層大巷：main roadway for single seam集中大巷：gathering main roadway 總回風(fēng)巷：main return airway上山：rise, raise 下山：dip主要上山：main rise 主要下山：main dip采區(qū)上山：district rise 采區(qū)下山：district dip分段平巷：sublevel entry 區(qū)段平巷：district sublevel entry分層巷道：slice drift 超前

22、巷道：advance heading區(qū)段集中平巷：district sublevel gathering entry分帶斜巷：strip inclined drift 分帶集中平巷：strip main inclined drift采區(qū)車場(chǎng)：district station, district inset 煤門：in-seam cross-cut聯(lián)絡(luò)巷：crossheading 掘進(jìn)率：drivage ratio工業(yè)廣場(chǎng)煤柱：mine plant coal pillar井田邊界煤柱：mine field boundary coal pillar斷層煤柱：fault coal pillar 護(hù)巷

23、煤柱：entry protection coal pillar采煤方法：coal mining method 回采面：coal face, working face采煤工藝：coal winning technology 長(zhǎng)壁工作面：longwall face短壁工作面：shortwall face 對(duì)拉工作面：double face 煤壁：wall 采高：mining height開切眼：open-off cut 工作面端頭：face end始采線：beginning line, mining starting line終采線：terminal line采空區(qū)：goaf, gob, wast

24、e 工作面運(yùn)輸巷：headentry, headgate, haulage gateway 工作面回風(fēng)巷：tailentry, tailgate, return airway破煤：coal breaking, coal cutting 爆破采煤工藝：blast-winning technology普通機(jī)械化采煤工藝：conventionally-mechanized coal winning technology綜合機(jī)械化采煤工藝：fully-mechanized coal winning technology爆破裝煤：blasting loading 循環(huán)：working cycle循環(huán)進(jìn)度

25、：advance of working cycle 旋轉(zhuǎn)式推進(jìn)：revolving mining, turning longwall跨采：over-the-roadway extraction 整層開采：full-seam mining分層開采：slicing 走向長(zhǎng)壁采煤法：longwall mining on the strike傾斜長(zhǎng)壁采煤法：longwall mining to the dip傾斜分層采煤法：inclined slicing房柱式采煤法：room and pillar mining掩護(hù)支架采煤法：shield mining偽傾斜柔性掩護(hù)支架采煤法：flexible sh

26、ield mining in the false dip倒臺(tái)階采煤法：overhand mining正臺(tái)階采煤法：heading and bench mining水平分層采煤法：horizontal slicing斜切分層采煤法：oblique slicing倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)采煤法：shrinkage stopping偽斜長(zhǎng)壁采煤法：oblique longwall mining長(zhǎng)壁放頂煤采煤法：longwall mining with sublevel caving水平分段放頂煤采煤法：top-slicing system of sublevel caving放煤步距：drawing interval放

27、煤順序：drawing sequence采放比：drawing ratio采煤：coal mining回采：coal winning采礦工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)是教育部高等學(xué)校地礦學(xué)科，教學(xué)指導(dǎo)委員會(huì)采礦工專業(yè)規(guī)劃教材。 目錄Introduction to Mining前言Unit 1 Geology，Surveying and Feasibility Studies地質(zhì)、測(cè)量及可行性研究1.1 Mineral Exploration地質(zhì)勘探1.2 Mine Valuation Studies礦床資源評(píng)估1.3 Mine Feasibility Studies礦山可行性研究1.4 Mine Surveyi

28、ng礦山測(cè)量Unit 2 Surface Mining露天采礦2.1 Introduction簡(jiǎn)介2.2 Open Pit Blasting Technology露天爆破技術(shù)2.3 Stripping and Pit Development露天礦剝離與生產(chǎn)Unit 3 Mine Design and Scheduling礦山設(shè)計(jì)及進(jìn)度計(jì)劃3.1 Open Pit Mining Design露天采礦設(shè)計(jì)3.2 Open Pit Planning and Scheduling露天采礦進(jìn)度計(jì)劃3.3 Underground Mine Planning and Scheduling地下采礦設(shè)計(jì)與計(jì)劃3.4 Location and Design of Vertical Shafts豎井的設(shè)計(jì)3.5 Mining Equipments礦山設(shè)備Unit 4 Underground Mine Development System地下采礦開拓系統(tǒng)4.1 Underground Mine Development開拓掘進(jìn)4.2 Un