上海牛津英語(yǔ)6A期末復(fù)習(xí)(精華版)

1、不定冠詞不定冠詞(a/an)的用法的用法1.I would like to be a policeman. （職業(yè)前加（職業(yè)前加“a”或或“an”）2.There is a beautiful garden behind the house.（翻譯成中文，（翻譯成中文， 有有“一一”的意思）的意思）3. 習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)：習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)：have a good/great time, half an hour, tell a lie, make a (shopping) list, have a picnic, have a barbecue, have a healthy diet, have an un

2、healthy diet, Thats a good idea. 等等定冠詞定冠詞the的用法的用法1.I have a cat and a dog. The cat is white and the dog is brown. （再次提到的人和物前）（再次提到的人和物前）2.Our classroom is on the third floor. （on + the+序數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞+floor）3.I play the piano every day. （樂(lè)器前面）（樂(lè)器前面）習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)習(xí)慣用語(yǔ): in the morning, in the afternoon,in the evening,

3、for the first time, Friends of the Earth, the environment, at the weekend, the one on the left/right, the one in the middle, in the city, in the countryside, at the entrance等等一般不用冠詞的情況一般不用冠詞的情況1.What do you have for breakfast? （一日三餐一日三餐前前）2. We play football after school every day. (球類運(yùn)動(dòng)前球類運(yùn)動(dòng)前)固定詞組：

4、固定詞組：by train/motorcycle, on foot, at night, at noon, watch TV, go to school, walk to school, be late for school, at weekends, start work, finish work, in class等。等。主格主格賓格賓格所有格所有格我我(的的)Imemy我們我們(的的)weusour你你/你們你們(的的)youyouyour他他(的的)hehimhis她她(的的)sheherher它它(的的)ititits他們他們(的的)theythemtheir主格：用作句子的主語(yǔ)主格

5、：用作句子的主語(yǔ)賓格：用在賓格：用在動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞和和介詞介詞后面后面所有格：表示所有格：表示“的的”Wh- wordmeaningQuestionAnswerWhatWhich 什么什么What do you do for Spring Festival?We have a New Years dinner together.哪一個(gè)哪一個(gè)Which would you like?Id like this yellow one.Wh- wordmeaningQuestionAnswerWhoWhoseWhenWhat time誰(shuí)誰(shuí)Who is Mr. Wu?He is our class teach

6、er.誰(shuí)的誰(shuí)的Whose handbag is this?Its Kittys.什么什么時(shí)候時(shí)候When is Jons birthday?It is on 2 April.幾點(diǎn)幾點(diǎn)鐘鐘What time is it now?Its 2:15p.m.Wh- wordmeaningQuestionAnswerWhereWhyHow哪里哪里Where is my pen?It is in the pencil case.為什么為什么Why are you so happy today?Its my birthday!怎么樣怎么樣How do you travel to school every d

7、ay?By bus.We use How questions to ask for numbers or amounts.How meaningQuestionAnswerHow manyThere are seven.How muchHow much 多少多少（可數(shù)）（可數(shù)）How many people are there? 多少多少 (不可數(shù)不可數(shù))How much sugar do we need every day?Only a little.多少錢(qián)多少錢(qián)How much did you spend on the book?35 yuan.I have two sons. One l

8、ives in the USA, the other lives in Australia.Some students like cartoons, others like science fiction. 1.可數(shù)名詞可數(shù)名詞( Countable Noun)的復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則變化的復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則變化: A.一般情況一般情況 加加+s e.g. toy-toys month-months coin-coins B.以以s, x, sh, ch結(jié)尾結(jié)尾 加加+es e.g. classclasses boxboxes churchchurches brush-brushes dish-dishes C.以以

9、f 或或fe 結(jié)尾結(jié)尾 去去f 或或 fe改為改為ves e.g. shelf-shelves knife-knives wolf-wolvesD.以輔音字母以輔音字母+y 結(jié)尾的詞結(jié)尾的詞 變變y 為為i ,再加再加ese.g. city-cities country-countries lady-ladies (比較比較: day-days boy-boys)2.2.可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)不規(guī)則變化可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)不規(guī)則變化A.以以o結(jié)尾結(jié)尾e.g. potatopotatoes tomato-tomatoes (比較比較: radio-radios photo-photos piano-piano

10、s kilo-kilos zoo-zoos kangaroo-kangaroos) B.單復(fù)同形單復(fù)同形e.g. sheep-sheep deer-deer people-people Chinese-Chinese Japanese-JapaneseC.改變?cè)舾淖冊(cè)鬳.g. man-men woman-women policeman-policemen postman-postmen businesswoman-businesswomen child-children mouse-mice foot-feet tooth-teeth goose-geese可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量表達(dá)可

11、數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量表達(dá)與可數(shù)名詞搭配的量詞與可數(shù)名詞搭配的量詞與不可數(shù)名詞搭配的量詞與不可數(shù)名詞搭配的量詞a few一些一些(表示肯定表示肯定)a little一些一些(表示肯定表示肯定)few (表示否定表示否定)little (表示否定表示否定)many 許多許多much 許多許多與可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞都可搭配的量詞與可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞都可搭配的量詞a lot of (=lots of) 許多許多plenty of 大量的大量的 some 一些（用于肯定句）一些（用于肯定句）any 一些（用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句）一些（用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句）enough 足夠的（用于名詞之前）足夠的（用于

12、名詞之前）one-first two-second three-third four-fourth five-fifth six-sixth seven-seventh eight-eighth nine-ninth ten-tenth eleven-eleventh twelve-twelfth thirteen-thirteenth fourteen-fourteenthfifteen-fifteenth sixteen-sixteenth seventeen-seventeenth eighteen-eighteenth nineteen-nineteenth twenty-twenti

13、eththirty-thirtieth forty-fortiethfifty-fiftieth sixty-sixtiethseventy-seventieth eight-eightiethninety-ninetieth hundred-hundredth在在 7:15在在 8:30在在11:45在在 1:58at a quarter past seven / at seven fifteenat half past eight/ at eight thirtyat a quarter to twelve / at eleven forty-fiveat two (minutes) to

14、 two / at one fifty-eight半小時(shí)半小時(shí)之內(nèi)之內(nèi)（包括（包括半小時(shí)）半小時(shí)）常用介常用介詞詞past, 半小時(shí)半小時(shí)之后用之后用介詞介詞to。When do we use adjectives ?在名詞前作定語(yǔ)在名詞前作定語(yǔ)1.We should have a _diet. (health)2. I like the _ baby very much.( love) healthy lovelydiet baby在系動(dòng)詞后作表語(yǔ)在系動(dòng)詞后作表語(yǔ)1. He became very _(angrily).2. Chillies taste _ (spice). angryta

15、stespicyWhen do we use adjectives ?became形容詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)形容詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)When do we use adjectives ?11. We should keep the room _(clean).12. This bad news made him_(happy).keep the room clean made himunhappy bad1.在名詞前作定語(yǔ)在名詞前作定語(yǔ)2.在系動(dòng)詞后作表語(yǔ)在系動(dòng)詞后作表語(yǔ)3.作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)（作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)（keep, make)形容詞的位置和成分形容詞的位置和成分How do we get adverbs?Ho

16、w do we get adverbs?widelywide + lyespeciallyespecial +lyextremelyextreme +lycompletelycomplete +lytrulytrue +lyreallyreal+lycloselyclose+lyquietlyquiet + lyimmediatelyimmediate +lyexcitedlyexcited + lyadv.adv.adj.adj.+lylyConclusions Conclusions completelycompleteadd lyheavilyheavyfor adjs ending i

17、n y, change y to i and add lyRULESEXAMPLESgoodwell音節(jié)音節(jié) 原級(jí)原級(jí)比較級(jí)比較級(jí) 拼寫(xiě)規(guī)則拼寫(xiě)規(guī)則 tall 形容詞比較級(jí)的拼寫(xiě)規(guī)則形容詞比較級(jí)的拼寫(xiě)規(guī)則taller safer fatterbigger一般的詞一般的詞+er以以e e結(jié)尾的詞結(jié)尾的詞+r以重讀閉音節(jié)以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾結(jié)尾雙寫(xiě)最后輔音雙寫(xiě)最后輔音字母字母+ersafefatbigthin hotredwet thinnerhotter redder wetter單單 音音 節(jié)節(jié) 詞詞音節(jié)音節(jié) 原級(jí)原級(jí)比較級(jí)比較級(jí)拼寫(xiě)規(guī)則拼寫(xiě)規(guī)則healthy easycareful 雙雙 音音

18、節(jié)節(jié) 詞詞healthiereasiermore careful多音節(jié)多音節(jié)以輔音字母以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞的雙音節(jié)詞,去去y 為為變變i+er以以-ful, less, ing, ed,ly, ive, able等后綴等后綴結(jié)尾的詞前加結(jié)尾的詞前加more前加前加more more difficult difficult形容詞比較級(jí)的拼寫(xiě)規(guī)則形容詞比較級(jí)的拼寫(xiě)規(guī)則 good - betterbad/ ill - worsemany /much - more little - less 不規(guī)則變化不規(guī)則變化 形容詞比較級(jí)的拼寫(xiě)規(guī)則形容詞比較級(jí)的拼寫(xiě)規(guī)則 Tom isnt as tal

19、l as Sandy. =Tom is _ _Sandy. =Sandy is _ _Tom. shorter thantaller than not so/asas - 原級(jí)、比較級(jí)之間的轉(zhuǎn)換原級(jí)、比較級(jí)之間的轉(zhuǎn)換比較級(jí)比較級(jí) than 其它介詞（固定搭配）：其它介詞（固定搭配）：1. get sth. from sb. 從某人那里得到某物從某人那里得到某物 far away from 遠(yuǎn)離遠(yuǎn)離2. I usually go shopping with her. 與某人一起與某人一起 share sth. with sb. 與某人分享某物與某人分享某物 help sb. with sth.

20、在在方面幫助某人方面幫助某人3. be late for 遲到遲到; for the first time 第一次第一次wait for等待等待 cook food for people 為人們燒吃的為人們燒吃的4. be kind/friendly/helpful to sb. 對(duì)某人對(duì)某人 sell things to people 買(mǎi)東西給人買(mǎi)東西給人 5. look at 看著看著;look for 尋找尋找;look after 照顧照顧 listen to 聽(tīng)著聽(tīng)著6. get to spl. 到達(dá)某地到達(dá)某地 =arrive in/at spl.in the classroom,

21、 on the road, in the library, in the park, walk on the grass, run across the road, on the left/right , in the middle of, in the shopping centre10. angryangrilyCAN 可表示能力、允許、可能性、懷疑猜測(cè)，意可表示能力、允許、可能性、懷疑猜測(cè)，意 為為“能，會(huì)，可以能，會(huì)，可以”；cant意為意為“不會(huì)，不不會(huì)，不 能，不可以能，不可以” 。MAY 表示允許、也許，意為表示允許、也許，意為“可以，也許，可可以，也許，可 能能”。對(duì)對(duì)may的

22、一般問(wèn)句的回答，肯定回答的一般問(wèn)句的回答，肯定回答 是是：Yes, please. /Certainly. /Sure.等。等。否定回否定回 答答是是：No，you cant. / No, you may not.can, may, must, need, shall, will, should 等，等，后面后面跟動(dòng)詞原形跟動(dòng)詞原形。MUST 表示必須要做的事，意為表示必須要做的事，意為“必須，應(yīng)該必須，應(yīng)該”， 具有強(qiáng)制性。否定形式具有強(qiáng)制性。否定形式must not或或 mustnt。must一般問(wèn)句的肯定回答一般問(wèn)句的肯定回答 用用Yes, you must.否定回答用否定回答用No,

23、you neednt.SHALL, WILL 用來(lái)征求對(duì)方意見(jiàn)，也可以用于用來(lái)征求對(duì)方意見(jiàn)，也可以用于 一般將來(lái)時(shí)。一般將來(lái)時(shí)。shall只只用于第一人用于第一人 稱，稱，will適適用于所有人稱用于所有人稱。SHOULD 為為shall 的過(guò)去式，有的過(guò)去式，有“應(yīng)該應(yīng)該”的意思，的意思， 但語(yǔ)氣比但語(yǔ)氣比must 弱，不具有強(qiáng)制性。弱，不具有強(qiáng)制性。現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)一、用法一、用法表示說(shuō)話時(shí)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。表示說(shuō)話時(shí)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。Were learning English now. 二、構(gòu)成二、構(gòu)成肯定句：主語(yǔ)肯定句：主語(yǔ)+ am/are/is +doing.否定句：

24、主語(yǔ)否定句：主語(yǔ)+ am/are/is+ not +doing.疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)句：Am/Is/Are+主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+ doing? 三、標(biāo)志詞三、標(biāo)志詞 now, these days, Look! Listen! Be careful! Look out! Watch out! Be quiet或根據(jù)上下文或根據(jù)上下文一般將來(lái)時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí) (be going to + V.)用法：表示用法：表示“打算打算”、“準(zhǔn)備準(zhǔn)備”在最近做某事在最近做某事結(jié)構(gòu)：（肯定句）主語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)：（肯定句）主語(yǔ)+am/is/are going to +動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形. e.g. I am going to put it o

25、n the floor. （否定句）主語(yǔ)（否定句）主語(yǔ)+am/is/are not going to +動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形. e.g. He is not going to paint the bookcase tomorrow. （疑問(wèn)句）（疑問(wèn)句） Am/Is/Are+主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+ going to +動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形? e.g. Are you going to come back tomorrow? will do sth.= be going to do sth. 將要做某事將要做某事標(biāo)志：標(biāo)志：tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, soon, next w

26、eek, in 2015, in the future, in + 時(shí)間段時(shí)間段肯定：肯定： 主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+will+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形否定：否定： 主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+wont / will not +動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形一般疑問(wèn)：一般疑問(wèn)： Will+主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形? Yes, will. / No, wont.e.g. He will have a meeting tomorrow.一般過(guò)去時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)一般過(guò)去時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu) 陳述句：陳述句：主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+ +動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式+ +其它其它I cleaned the room yesterday. 否定句：否定句：主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+ +助動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞didnt+di

27、dnt+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形+ +其它其它I didnt clean the room yesterday. 一般疑問(wèn)句：一般疑問(wèn)句：Did +Did +主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+ +動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形+ +其它其它Did you clean the room yesterday?Yes, I did. / No, I didnt.常用時(shí)常用時(shí)間間yesterdayyesterday morning (afternoon, evening)last night (week, month, year)(two days, a week, three years ) agoin 1990 (1998)in the pastjust now標(biāo)志詞標(biāo)志詞It has been a lo